Midas - Transportation Projects Optimization

TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS
OPTIMIZATION
The 1st MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL
PRESENTATION TITLE
MAIN TITLE
The 1st 2023 MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL
CONTENTS
Session 1. INTRODUCTION
1. IMPORTANT FEATURES (GTS NX).
2. TOPOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT.
3. GROUND STRATIGRAPHY MODELLING.
4. TUNNEL MODELLING FEATURES.
5. SLOPES ENGINEERING.
Session 2. APPLICATIONS & CASE STUDIES

1. TUNNELS ENGINEERING
2. HIGHWAYS (SLOPES ENGINEERING)
SESSION 1.
INTRODUCTION
is an essential tool in the hands of an engineer with the
outlook of creating a sustainable future.
WE ARE THE FUTURE

AND
WE ARE HERE TO STAY
1. 1-1. Sub title
Session - General Description. Please enter text. Please enter text.
- General Description. Please enter text.
Title - General Description. Please enter text.
1-2. Sub title

- General Description. Please enter text. Please enter text.
General Description.
Please enter text. Please enter text.
1. TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Roads/Highways Engineering Airports Engineering

• Slopes • Runways/Taxiways
• Pavement Design • Foundation Analysis
• Ground Improvement
• Bridge Foundation Analysis
• MSE Walls
• Tunnels
Railroads Engineering Waterways Engineering

• Docks
• Subway Systems
• Jetty/Quay Walls
• Tunnels
• Land Reclamation
• Bridge Foundations
• Underground Stations • Coastal Protection (Dykes)
GROUND TOPOGRAPHY
DEVELOPMENT
CAD Compatibilty
Import contour maps, soil stratigraphy data, borehole maps, on .dxf/.dwg/parasolid format
(Leapfrog,MicroStation, AutoCAD, ArchGIS) in Terrain Geometry Maker to develop ground profile.
Data Points Face Generation
DIRECTLY IMPORT POINT COORDINATES FOR FASTER &
ACCURATE GEOMETRY DEVELOPMENT
IMPORT DATA POINTS FROM EXCEL

DEM (GIS) Data Interpretation
GTS NX HAS A NUMBER OF WAYS FOR CREATING COMPLEX GEOMETRIES.
GTS NX GEOMETRIC DESIGN FEATURES INVOLVE DEM
DATA INPUT, SURVEY DATA POINTS INPUT TO
GENERATE TOPOGRAPHICAL SURFACES.
INSERT DEM DATA DIRECTLY INTO THE
TABLE TO CREATE COMPLEX 2D FACE.
SOIL STRATIGRAPHY +
FINAL TERRAIN DEVELOPMENT
BEDDING PLANE WIZARD
DIRECTLY IMPORT BOREHOLE LOG DATA TO

CREATE STRATIFIED SOIL/ROCK LAYERS. EXCEL FILES
CAN ALSO BE
USED FOR
LARGE DATA
SETS.
SOIL STRATIGRAPHY LAYERS (2D SURFACES)

CONCEPT TO REALITY
IN GTS NX, THE USER HAS 3
DIFFERENT WAYS OF USING TGM & BEDDING PLANE
CREATING ACCURATE WIZARD TO GENERATE 3D MODELS
GROUND GEOMETRY.
3D MODEL GROUND PROFILE
INVESTIGATION AREA GROUND SURFACE PROFILE

(BOREHOLE DATA +
SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY)
INTEROPERABILITY

MIDAS FAMILY PROGRAMS
15
CONCEPT TO REALITY
Bridge Structure
Structure Foundation Foundation Analysis
Analysis
16
SESSION 2.
APPLICATIONS & CASE STUDIES
is an essential tool in the hands of an engineer with the
outlook of creating a sustainable future.
WE ARE THE FUTURE

AND
WE ARE HERE TO STAY
GTS NX
TUNNELLING
(FEATURES + CASE STUDY)

TUNNEL SECTION DRAWING
TUNNEL + BOLTS HALF TUNNEL + BOLTS
TUNNEL + INVERT + BOLTS HALF TUNNEL + INVERT + BOLTS
DEFINE THE BOLTS TANGENTIAL PITCH AND ORIENTATION

TUNNELING WIZARD
WIZARD CREATES MODEL FOR TUNNEL PROJECT INPU PROMINENT DESIGNS FO

T TO NUMERICAL RESULTS OUTPUT R FACE ADVANCEMENT
APPLICABLE TO SING
LE OR PARALLEL TUN
NELS (ROADS/SUBW
AYS) SELECT YOUR O
WN EXCAVATIO
N METHOD
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN & EXCAVATION PLANNING
INPUT THE SEQUENTIAL B
OLTING PATTERN & SHOTC
RETE PROPERTIES.
GTS NX AUTO CALCULATES
THE EXCAVATION SEQUEN
CE NAD REINFORCEMENT
PLACING BASED ON USER I
NPUT.
SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY
GTS NX TUNNELING WIZA
RD ELIMINATES THE NEED
OF CREATING GROUND PR
OFILE AGAIN.
INSERT DEM DATA TO CREATE A 2

D TERRAIN SURFACE
MESH SIZE
TUNNEL WIZARD OUTPUT
COMPLETE DEFINITION O
F 3D MODEL FROM SCRA
TCH TO ANALYSIS USING
THE WIZARD
BOLTS + SHOTCRETE
TUNNEL SECTIONS
GROUND MODEL
CONSTRUCTION STAGE PLANNING
GTS NX
KEILANIEMI SUBWAY STATION

(Espoo, Finland)

PROJECT PLANNING
• DESIGNER – ROCKPLAN Oy, Finland

• CONSTRUCTOR – SKANSKA Oy, Finland
GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
• Ferro Scandian Bedrock data collection by 20 boreholes, and profile development by seismic refraction profiling.
• Three joint sets with dip and dip direction (5/120), (85/320), (85/230) dividing the main rock mass into blocky cu
bes,
• Heterogeneous Bedrock consisting of foliated migmatites, mica and hornblende gneisses and some units of more
massive granites.
• Intact Rock Parameters :
In-Situ STRESSES
• Stress does not increase linearly with depth, max increment is seen until a depth of
10-20 m and follows the same trend as Helsinki Area measurements.
• σ1 and σ2 are horizontal and σ3 is vertical like a typical Scandinavian shelf.
NUMERICAL MODEL
• FEM includes whole station length, one pre-existing building and 14 construction stages.
• Model also incorporates the future plan of three upcoming towers each exerting a foundation pressure of 4MN/m2.
• Each shaft carries a load varying between 0.48 to 1.25 MN/m to account station’s external pressures.
NUMERICAL MODEL
• Model simulates the presence of weakness zon

es in continuous rock masses.
• Weakness zones are modelled as simple plane i

nterfaces to simulate a slip surface if they are le
ss than 5m wide.
• Boundaries between weakness zones and hard

rock modelled as interfaces.
• Joints Cohesion ≈ (0.1 to 0.18) MPa and

γ ≈ (30o to 35o)
NUMERICAL RESULTS
Movements induced along the joints due to Tower B
Vertical Displacements σ1 ꓕ tunnel orientation
• Absolute displacements well within expected range.

• Towers construction phases do not significantly affe
ct the excavation boundaries.
• Mat footing at depth of 3 m does not induce any fail
ures around the boundaries.
Expected Displacement, extensometer position (arrow) and strain g
auged rock bolts(dots)
GTS NX
SLOPES MODELLING
(HIGHWAY PLANNING)

• 2D & 3D METHOD
FEM • APPLICABLE TO BOTH SIMPLE & COMPLEX
LANDSCAPES.
(Strength Reduction • ACCURATE RESULTS AS NO ASSUMPTION IS
MADE ABOUT THE SLIP DIRECTION.
Method)
FEM + ANALYTICAL • 2D METHOD COMPRISING BOTH SRM AND

LEM GRID & ARC TANGENTS.
(Strength Analysis •
•
SELECTION OF THE SLIP DIRECTION.
FASTER ANALYSIS TIME.
Method)
REAL-TIME TERRAIN MODELLING
TERRAIN DATA (.dxf) 2D SURFACE EXPORT 3D SOLID SURFACE

3D NUMERICAL MODEL
SOIL LAYERS SOLIDS CREATION FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

RAINFALL SIMULATION METHOD
Seepage Functions can be used

to create rainfall effect .
Semi coupled analysis can predict a

static slope reaction.
TRANSIENT RAINFALL SIMULATION
MORE ACCURACY, IN BUILT FUNCTIONS,

DIRECTLY INPUT THE FLUX VALUES/RAIN
FALL AT EACH TIME INTERVAL.
BOUNDARY FUNCTIONS
MORE ACCURACY, IN BUILT FUNCTION
S, DIRECTLY INPUT THE FLUX VALUES/
RAINFALL AT EACH TIME INTERVAL
NODAL HEAD (SURFACE FLUX) (HOURLY/MINUTES). REVIEW BOUNDARY(SEEPAGE FACE)
RESULTS (DEFORMATIONS)
ANIMATIONS INDICATING EVOLUTION
OF SLOPE MOVEMENT.
TOTAL DEFORMATIONS
AT THE END OF
RAINFALL EVENT.
RESULTS (DEFORMATIONS)
SLOPE DEFORMATIONS BEGIN AT THE
EARLIEST RAINFALL EVENT.
(FIRST TIME INTERVAL OF 2 HOURS).
RESULTS (FLOW RATES)
FLOW RATE (cm3/s) AT EACH TIME INTERVAL.
PEAK FLOW RATE – 2.5 l/sec

POST PEAK FLOW RATE – 0.5 l/sec
REDUCED FLOW RATES DUE TO SAT

URATION & LEADS TO RUN OFF.
LOWER FLOW RATES LEAD TO ACCUMULATION OF HIGH PORE PRESSURES.

RESULTS (PORE PRESSURES)
ACCUMULATION OF HIGH PORE PRESSURES

SYNONYMOUS WITH TOTAL DISPLACEMENTS.
HAZARDOUS LEVELS REACHED ON THE FIRST

2 HOURS OF RAINFALL.
RESULTS (ISO SURFACES)
PORE PRESSURES AT EACH TIME INTERVAL.
DRAINAGE/PERMEABILITY
IMPORTANT FOR A STABLE
SLOPE.
FASTER DRAINING SLOPES HAVE

LOWER PORE PRESSURES AND
VICE VERSA.
RESULTS (CRITICAL SLOPE AREAS)
PRE- RAINFALL FoS – 1.85 POST-RAINFALL FoS – 1.2
CONCLUSION: SLOPE FAILURE IMMINENT AT ANY TIME DURING/AFTER THE RAINFALL EVENT
TERIMA KASIH
The 1st MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL
THANK YOU

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TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS

Session 2. APPLICATIONS & CASE STUDIES

WE ARE THE FUTURE

1-2. Sub title

Roads/Highways Engineering Airports Engineering

Railroads Engineering Waterways Engineering

IMPORT DATA POINTS FROM EXCEL

DIRECTLY IMPORT BOREHOLE LOG DATA TO

SOIL STRATIGRAPHY LAYERS (2D SURFACES)

3D MODEL GROUND PROFILE

INVESTIGATION AREA GROUND SURFACE PROFILE

The 1st 2023 MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL

WE ARE THE FUTURE

The 1st 2023 MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL

TUNNEL + BOLTS HALF TUNNEL + BOLTS

TUNNEL + INVERT + BOLTS HALF TUNNEL + INVERT + BOLTS

DEFINE THE BOLTS TANGENTIAL PITCH AND ORIENTATION

WIZARD CREATES MODEL FOR TUNNEL PROJECT INPU PROMINENT DESIGNS FO

INSERT DEM DATA TO CREATE A 2

KEILANIEMI SUBWAY STATION

The 1st 2023 MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL

• DESIGNER – ROCKPLAN Oy, Finland

• Model simulates the presence of weakness zon

• Weakness zones are modelled as simple plane i

• Boundaries between weakness zones and hard

• Joints Cohesion ≈ (0.1 to 0.18) MPa and

Movements induced along the joints due to Tower B

Vertical Displacements σ1 ꓕ tunnel orientation

• Absolute displacements well within expected range.

The 1st 2023 MIDAS Seminar in Malaysia KL

FEM + ANALYTICAL • 2D METHOD COMPRISING BOTH SRM AND

TERRAIN DATA (.dxf) 2D SURFACE EXPORT 3D SOLID SURFACE

SOIL LAYERS SOLIDS CREATION FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

Seepage Functions can be used

Semi coupled analysis can predict a

MORE ACCURACY, IN BUILT FUNCTIONS,

FLOW RATE (cm3/s) AT EACH TIME INTERVAL.

PEAK FLOW RATE – 2.5 l/sec

REDUCED FLOW RATES DUE TO SAT

LOWER FLOW RATES LEAD TO ACCUMULATION OF HIGH PORE PRESSURES.

ACCUMULATION OF HIGH PORE PRESSURES

HAZARDOUS LEVELS REACHED ON THE FIRST

FASTER DRAINING SLOPES HAVE

PRE- RAINFALL FoS – 1.85 POST-RAINFALL FoS – 1.2

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