STUDENT BUDGETING AND SPENDING BEHAVIOUR

Under the guidance of Mrs. Pallavi Rallan

Date – 8th March, 2020

Authors – Saumya Singh (41), Shubham Gupta (42),

Siddhant Jain (43), Siddhi Kabra (44), Snehil Gupta (45)

Submitted to – Mrs. Pallavi Rallan

Submitted by – Admin Group 9
Roll Numbers – 41 – 45
Division – SYBBA D

1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SR. NO. TOPIC PAGE NUMBER
Abstract 5
I Introduction 5-6
II Literature Review 6-10
III Research Problem 10
IV Research Objective 10
V Research Methodology 10-11
V.i. Research Design
V.ii. Sampling
V.iii. Data Collection
V.iv. Data Analysis
VI Research Findings 15-18
VII Conclusion 18-19
VIII Limitations of the Study 19
VIII Bibliography 20-21
IX Appendix 21-24
IX.i. Questionnaire
IX.ii. Plagiarism Report

2
LIST OF TABLES
SR. NO. TOPIC PAGE NUMBER
1 Gender 11
2 Students Studying in their Hometowns 11
3 Monthly Expenses of Students 11
4 Students Maintaining an Account of their 12
Monthly Expense
5 Mode of Maintaining the Monthly 12
Accounts
6 Activity Consuming Maximum 12
Allowance
7 Brand Consciousness 13
8 Unavoidable Expenses 13
9 Budget Deficit 14
10 Planning of Expenditure in case of 14
Budget Deficit
11 Improving Budgeting Habits 14
12 Preference for Saving Monthly 15
Allowance
13 Mode of Saving Monthly Allowance 15

3
LIST OF CHARTS
SR. NO. TOPIC PAGE NUMBER
1 Monthly Expenditure 16
2 Preference for Monthly Saving 16
Allowance
3 Mode of Saving Monthly Allowance 17
4 Activities Consuming Maximum Monthly 17
Allowance
5 Brand Consciousness of the Students 18
6 Unavoidable Expenses of the Students 18

4
 ABSTRACT
In recent times, one of the most enduring challenges that still affect college students is the huge
difficulty in controlling the way they spend, and worldwide, very minute research has been
done about this. The current level of the problem on the spending front is again, not absolutely
figured and sorted out. Thus, this study has focused on determining the spending behaviour of
138 university students in Delhi & Mumbai using descriptive research design. A structured
questionnaire was used for data collection. Sampling Method used was non-probability
sampling method, under which convenience sampling method was used. respondents were
found to be spending tightly when it came to shopping and travelling and academic purposes
and loosely when it came to entertainment and lifestyle. It can be concluded that gender, being
outstation or being based in the city were the key determinants that made the difference on
spending behaviour.

Keywords: student budgeting, savings behaviour, spending pattern, students, monthly

allowance

I. INTRODUCTION
Student budgeting primarily refers to management of financial expenses within their assigned
budget. Several factors make the behavior of students dynamic and different from each other.
These factors can be technical as well as psychological and controllable or uncontrollable. The
major challenge that students face is the difficulty to budget their expenses and save a
proportional amount every month for contingent events. Most of the students get their monthly
allowance from their parents and are answerable to them for their expenditure. Higher family
income can contribute majorly to good academic performance of the students but lower family
income should not be an excuse for poor performance. With the technological revolution and
advancement in India, students have adapted their budgeting and spending habits accordingly.
The advanced marketing strategies of the firms have made the students spend extravagantly on
wants and not just needs. And the marketing tactics have influenced the adults too which has
led the young to follow their footsteps and spend free-handedly. There is a vast difference in
the spending behavior of students of our country as the system to free the younger population
at an early age is different from the west. Developing the saving habits of students can be an
effective tool to encourage the younger lot to live in a financially sustainable way. The more

5
 knowledge students have about their financial responsibility and status, the less likely they are
to be in debt.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

II.i. To search for the underlying factors behind their expenditure
(Bona, 2018) Study found that students choose to buy the product which will meet their interest
relative to product and price. The study concluded that college students’ spending behaviour is
massively influenced by their family background. Parents also play a critical role in shaping
not only the attitudes towards financial management but also life attitudes in general of their
children. To improve financial habits, students must take some time to create concrete
measures to help them keep track of their expenses. First, they should create their own budget
and keep ways on how to improve it. Keeping a record of expenses will help them monitor
how much money they spend on clothing, entertainment, and gadgets. They should not forget
to allocate money for savings because a good budget does have savings. Lastly, they should
keep a positive attitude. This study failed to quantify student spending behaviour in terms of
monetary terms, since it was more qualitative in nature.

(Sorooshian, et al., 2013) The research paper finds that the cost of college has risen
dramatically in the past years. Prices for multiple commodities like tuition, books and fees has
risen by 5 to 10% annually. Most full time students, however, receive financial aid, grant
funding and a loan to offset the cost of college. Study estimates that students are paying about
one-third of the actual costs of a college education. Experience says that college students are
now demanding luxury, and they are not seeing the problem with their spending. They seem to
have become so comfortable with these high prices that the items are now commonplace things
seen at campuses. If students think before they spend, they will spend wisely and if they did
not, they are likely to waste money. Student spending behaviour can be improved if they plan
their expenses ahead. They need to think to save to buy “needs” item rather than spend on
“wants” item. Entertainment seems to be the spending that the student does at a very high
frequency, thus they need to find ways to control it. This study went in depth into the financial
and psychological aspect of spending behaviour and brought out concrete results, but failed to
take monetary terms into its scope.

6
(Shah, et al., 2017) The main aim of this research paper is to study the various psychological
and demographical factors that drive the spending behavior of the Indian youth. The paper
shows how even after trying times of Surgical strike, demonetization and GST etc., India just
eventually moves on from everything. Yes, it did suffer a temporary halt in spending but it is
now back to normal. The paper highlights how the spending demographic trend is majorly
highlighted by the Indian youth under the age of 30. Fueled by health and social image
consciousness and the ‘want it all’ attitude, Indian youth is now spending more than ever. They
have been classified as ‘experimentative’ by various MNCs especially with regards to food,
media and personal care. A general trend in their spending behavior shows that a majority of
their purchases are impulse driven and that too relying on the word-of-mouth publicity. These
purchases reflect their characteristic to be ‘rich enough’ and high demands and aspirations.
They finally concluded that students’ spending patterns differ based on different education
levels, gender, entertainment and investments.

(Sollano, et al., 2018) This research shows that students who have daily allowance in school
has the advantage to have high grades or has the advantage to excel in class. The table reveals
that whether the student’s daily allowance that ranges from 21 to 41 and above in which
majority of the students are found to have a daily allowance that ranges 41 and above.
Moreover, most student level of academic performance is found to be at the average of 85 to
89 which is described as ‘satisfactory’ in terms of grades. Thus, the researchers conclude that
there is a significant relationship between the parents’ socioeconomic status and the students’
academic performance. This paper compares student allowance with academic performance. It
does not consider the various commodities on which a student spends and just talks that with
higher allowance, the academic performance of a student improves.

II.ii. To ascertain how much they spend monthly

(Vhalery, et al., 2018) The research paper classifies variables that become factors that influence
allowance management. The population of the study are the college students from first year
(term one) in Indraprasta University (UNINDRA) PGRI Jakarta. Samples in this study are 282
people that are taken randomly with sampling random technique. Data collection technique
used is the questionnaire that is already validated by experts and field trial. Study questionnaire
is divided into two types which are online through Google form and hardcopy (physique as the
form) that is distributed manually. The result shows that factors which influence allowance

7
management is divided into 10 factors which are financial knowledge factor, financial
motivation and desire factor, wisdom factor, socio-culture factor, individual status factor,
individual attitude factor, family relation factor, individual friends environment factor, and also
family background factor. The paper however does not take into consideration the various
spending habits of students like shopping, movies, dine outs etc. It does not give a clear picture
that how much an average student spends monthly on what activity.

(Jeevitha, et al., 2019) This study addresses the question of why, where, what and how the
college students spend their money with the cultural shift to westernization in India and advent
of malls and to analyze the various saving and spending avenues for college students and how
they maintain the financial requirement with limited income and high expenses in the city of
Coimbatore. In the west, students are depicted as financially stable and emotionally free but in
India, the case is not the same. Despite being financially dependent on parents till 15-25 years
of age, there is a radical difference observed in the spending behavior of students of our
country. They have become more brand conscious and have started spending more on lifestyle
and entertainment. However, in the paper, an in-depth analysis could not be carried out due to
shorter time period. The questionnaire has a set of 16 questions and hence respondents were
not very patient in answering the questions.

II.iii. To plan, advance and equalize the measure to gauge the saving
behavior of students
(Birari & Patil, 2014) The paper talks about the spending and savings pattern of the Indian
youth. They show how westernization and increase in cost of living has influenced these
spending patterns over the years. The results of this study show how the youth spends a large
part of their allowance on shopping of branded items. The research paper has a sample of three
groups of students at junior level, graduation level and post-graduation levels. The sample is
based off the students in Aurangabad City of Maharashtra. The researchers used ANOVA and
T-TEST to analyze the difference between spending patterns of all the three groups as well as
genders. The results of the research showed how the spending patterns of the students differed
significantly in many categories based on their level of education. Also, another result is that
male and female student youth have different spending patterns with some similarities. A large
portion of the students go towards their lifestyle patterns- shopping, dining out, mobile phones,
investments and travelling. The paper suggests the youth to cultivate a habit of rational

8
spending. It tells them to save and invest more in the financial markets. The only limitation of
this paper however was that it was done in a Tier-II city of India where the cost of living is
significantly low as compared to the metropolitan cities.

(Manju, 2016) Having a little hold on your cash expenses and controlling your spending
amount is not only a good habit but also contributes to financial success which is very important
in future. Since youth plays a lot more important role in our country, it is therefore important
to monitor their behaviour towards financial aspects. Money management is a long process of
budgeting, saving, investing, spending and seeing the overall usage of cash. As far as students
concerned, how they see spending is a matter of social freedom and they always are updated
about the latest fashion in trend. For students buying good clothes, travelling to faraway places,
going to famous fast food places all this is a daily expense for a college student on average and
their parents give them a monthly allowance on that basis only. This research is most likely to
find out a budget for students to limit their spendings, a little savings on the part of the students
so that they can invest in some good places and so that they can manage their personal finance
with the budget being the counter for measuring.

II.iv. To determine spending pattern of the students

(Abawag, et al., 2019) College students face a lot of difficulty in maintaining and spending
according to the budget maintained by them. A very little research has been conducted on this
subject as a result of which the problem is still not identified. This study is conducted to observe
the behaviour of the university of Saint Louis Tuguegarao. Stratified random sampling was
used to determine the 234 respondents who are taking Management Accounting, Financial
Management and Marketing Management course. It can be concluded that sex, course, year
level and ethnicity are determinants of the difference on spending behaviour of management
students while socioeconomic status was found insignificant when comparing the said
behaviour. This research shows what are the daily allowances of students from different
countries. The paper tells what the students are more likely to spend on including
transportation, clothing, food, parties, etc. The main focus of the study was to determine the
spending behaviour of management students as compared to other field students.

(Stollak, et al.) The research paper studies the manner in which college students manage their
money on various factors like age, personality traits and knowledge. Some variables did not

9
 show differences in the accumulation of debt but perceptions varied among groups.
Demographic variables, GPA and number of hours worked did not play role in the amount of
debt acquired but students with a higher GPA or those who worked more were more worried
about their financial status. In this study, they have considered the printing budget to analyze
the differences in spending behavior. They examined significant differences between males
and females and found that females had a more responsible attitude towards budgeting their
monthly expenses. There were also significant differences in spending according to various
age groups (freshmen, juniors, seniors, sophomores). The paper focused on a relatively
homogenous population at one school. There can be a possibility of students having dissimilar
outcomes at a more diverse campus.

III. RESEARCH PROBLEM

To study the student budgeting and spending behavior

IV. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1. To determine spending pattern of the students.
2. To plan, advance and equalize the measure to gauge the saving behavior of students.
3. To search for the underlying factors behind their expenditure.
4. To ascertain how much they spend monthly.

V. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
V.i. RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design used for this paper is Descriptive research design. It describes the various
spending habits of students like how much do they spend, where do they spend? etc.
Quantitative data has been collected through survey questionnaire (google form). This paper
talks about various spending habits and saving habits of students. A cross sectional study was
conducted where the data was collected from the respondents once for the particular time
period.

V.ii. SAMPLING
Primary data was collected from a sample size of 138 respondents from Mumbai and Delhi
during the during the period of March, 2020. Sampling Method used was Non-Probability

10
sampling method as all the elements of the population does not have equal opportunity of being
selected. Under Non-probability method, convenience sampling method was used as the
respondents were selected as per the convenience of the researcher.

V.iii. DATA COLLECTION

For the purpose of data collection, a structured questionnaire was used. It consisted of closed
ended questions and the questionnaire was filled by the respondents via google form.

V.iv. DATA ANALYSIS

TABLE 1: GENDER
GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
MALE 66 47.83%
FEMALE 72 52.17%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
The sample consisted of 138 people out of which 66 were male and 72 were female. The
respective percentages for this are 47.83% and 52.17%.

TABLE 2: STUDENTS STUDYING IN THEIR HOMETOWNS

OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 71 51.45%
NO 67 48.55%
138
source – primary survey
The next question was about how many people live in their hometowns. 71 people
corresponding to 51.45% responded with a yes while the other 67 people corresponded to
48.55%.

TABLE 3: MONTHLY EXPENSES OF STUDENTS

MONTHLY EXPENSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
BELOW 10,000 42 30.43%
10,000 – 20,000 47 34.06%

11
 20,000 – 30,000 26 18.84%
ABOVE 30,000 23 16.67%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
When asked about monthly expenses, 42 people corresponding 30.43% said below 10,000, 47
people corresponding 34.06% responded with 10,000 – 20,000, 26 people representing 18.84%
of the sample chose the option 20,000 – 30,000 while the remaining 23 people representing
16.67% of the population chose above 30,000.

TABLE 4: STUDENTS MAINTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR

MONTHLY EXPENSE
OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 71 51.45%
NO 67 48.55%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
When asked about maintaining monthly expenses, 51.45% of the 138 people stated they do
maintain an account of their monthly expenses while the remaining 48.55% stated that they do
not maintain a monthly account of their expenses.

TABLE 5: MODE OF MAINTAINING THE MONTHLY ACCOUNTS

MODE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
APPLICATION 30 42.25%
MANUALLY 41 57.75%
TOTAL 71
source – primary survey
57.75% of the respondents who maintain a monthly expenses stated that they did so manually
while the others use a mobile phone application to prepare and maintain their monthly budgets.

TABLE 6: ACITIVTY CONSUMING MAXIMUM ALLOWANCE

SPENDING ACTIVITY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
ENTERTAINMENT 37 26.81%

12
 BOOKS 14 10.14%
LIFESTYLE 47 34.06%
TRAVELLING 29 21.01%
DINE-OUT 11 7.79%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
Out of the 138 respondents 34.06% spend most of their money on lifestyle expenses, 26.81%
on entertainment, 21.01% on travelling, 10.14% on books and the remaining 7.79% spend a
majority of their budget on 7.79%.

TABLE 7: BRAND CONSCIOUSNESS

RESPONSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 68 49.28%
NO 30 21.74%
MAYBE 40 28.99%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
When asked about brand driven purchases, a vast 49.28% of the respondents stated that they
were brand conscious while making purchases, 28.99% were not brand conscious while making
purchases, while the remaining 21.74% of the sample responded with a maybe.

TABLE 8: UNAVOIDABLE EXPENSES

UNAVOIDABLE EXPENSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
DINE-OUT 68 49.28%
MOVIES 26 18.84%
SHOPPING 36 26.09%
TRAVELLING 8 5.80%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
Next question talked about what was the unavoidable expense, majority of 49.28% people
voted for dine-out as their major unavoidable expense. Next unavoidable expense at 26.09%
was shopping. Third was movies with 18.84% people voting for it. Last was travelling with
5.8% of the total votes.

13
TABLE 9: BUDGET DEFICIT
OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 85 61.59%
NO 53 38.41%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
When asked if they have ever faced a budget deficit, 61.59% people said yes while 38.41%
people responded with a no.

TABLE 10: PLANNING OF EXPENDITURE IN CASE OF BUDGET

DEFICIT
PLANNING BUDGET FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
DEFICIT
ASKED FOR MONEY 28 32.94%
FROM PARENTS
ASKED FROM FRIENDS 16 18.82%
REDUCED YOUR DAILY 41 48.24%
EXPENDITURE
TOTAL 85
source – primary survey
85 respondents who votes for yes in the previous question had to vote in this question too. It
talked about how people planned their expenditure in case of a budget deficit. About half of
the sample size (48.24%) said they reduce their daily expenditure. Other 32.94% said they ask
their parents for an extra allowance while the remaining 18.82% borrowed it from their friends.

TABLE 11: IMPROVING BUDGETING HABITS

OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 75 54.35%
NO 29 21.01%
MAYBE 34 24.64%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey

14
 When asked if they could improve their budgeting habits thus spending less, 54.35% students
said yes, they do see a scope for improvement. 21.01% students said no and the rest 24.64%
students responded with a maybe.

TABLE 12: PREFERENCE FOR SAVING MONTHLY ALLOWANCE

OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YES 91 65.94%
NO 47 34.06%
TOTAL 138
source – primary survey
This question talked about whether the respondents believed in spending their monthly
allowance. 65.94% said yes while a one-third respondents (34.06%) said they do not.

TABLE 13: MODE OF SAVING THE MONTHLY ALLOWANCE

SAVING OPTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
CASH 30 32.97%
BANK 50 54.95%
FINANCIAL MARKETS 11 12.09%
TOTAL 91
source – primary survey
Lastly, for all the people that believed in saving, the next question asked them what their mode
of saving was. Around half of the respondents with 54.95% said they saved in banks, 32.97%
said they preferred saving in cash while the small remainder of 12.09% invested in financial
markets.

VI. RESEARCH FINDINGS

1. Out of 138 respondents that were surveyed, 71 study in their hometown while 67 do
not study in their hometown.
2. Monthly expenditure of most of the students is between 10000 – 20000. It was also
observed that the total expenditure of outstation students was comparatively more than
the students who study in their hometown. This is because outstation students have to
pay for many expenses like accommodation, electricity bills etc. which local students
do not have to pay. (Stollak, et al.) (Chart 1)

15
 CHART 1: MONTHLY EXPENDITURE

MONTHLY EXPENSE
23, 16.67%

42, 30.43% Below 10000

26,
18.84% 10000 - 20000
47, 34.06% 20000 - 30000
Above 30000

3. On asking the respondents about whether they prefer to save a part of their allowance
or not, 91 respondents out of the sample of 138 respondents replied that they prefer to
save a part of their allowance while 47 do not prefer to save their allowance because at
the end of the month they are hardly able to save any money. (Jeevitha, et al., 2019)
(Chart 2)
CHART 2: PREFERENCE FOR MONTHLY SAVING ALLOWANCE

SAVINGS RESPONSE

47, 34.06%
91, 65.94% Yes
No

4. Out of 91 respondents who prefer to save a part of their monthly allowance, 50

respondents prefer to save in bank. In bank mostly save their allowance in savings
account while there were some respondents who prefer to keep it in Fixed Deposit
account. There were 30 respondents who prefer to save in form of cash while there were
11 respondents who save their allowance by investing in financial markets by investing
in equity shares, mutual funds etc. (Chart 3)

16
 CHART 3: MODE OF MONTHLY SAVING ALLOWANCE

MODE OF SAVING
11, 12.09%

30, 32.97% Cash

50, 54.95% Bank
Financial market

5. On asking the respondents about the activity they spend the most upon, it was observed
that most students spend on lifestyle that include shopping and other such related
activities. It was followed by entertainment which includes movies, dramas, stand-up
comedy shows etc. It was also observed that people also spend a significant part of their
allowance in travelling which includes rickshaw fare, cab fare, car fuel charges etc.
(Chart 4)

CHART 4: ACTIVITIES CONSUMUING MAXIMUM MONTHLY ALLOWANCE

SPENDING ACTIVITY
11, 7.97%
Entertainment
29, 21.01% 37, 26.81% Books
Lifestyle
47, 34.06%
Travelling
14,
10.14% Dine-out

6. When we asked the respondents are they brand conscious or not, out of 138
respondents, 68 told that they were brand conscious. The reason behind being brand
conscious is that nowadays youth tend to judge each other just by observing what
another person has and they compare themselves with them. Students believe that brand

17
 says a lot about their personality and they also get influenced by their peer group and
just purchase branded products. (Birari & Patil, 2014) (Chart 5)

CHART 5: BRAND CONSCIOUNESS OF THE STUDENTS

BRAND CONSCIOUSNESS

40, 28.99% 68, 49.28% Yes

30, 21.74% No
Maybe

7. The most unavoidable expense of students is dine-out. It includes fine dine, clubbing,
ordering food online, having food in college canteen etc. It is followed by shopping
which is because of mostly students being brand conscious. (Chart 6)

CHART 6: UNAVOIDABLE EXPENSES OF THE STUDENTS

UNAVOIDABLE EXPENSE
8, 5.80%

Dineout
36, 26.09% 68, 49.28%
Movies
26, 18.84% Shopping
Travelling

VII. CONCLUSION
As per the research that was conducted, and upon further analysis, a very clear picture is being
depicted- over half the students are living on a relatively tight budget to cover their expenses
and support their lifestyle, which often goes unmaintained. Those who study in their hometown
spend relatively less as compared to those studying outside their hometown, since the outstation

18
 students have to pay bills related to accommodations, such as electricity, gas, etc. Major
spending of these students is on their lifestyle and entertainment, which varies for every
student. Students have become extremely brand conscious today, since every brand conveys
something different about their personality.
About half the respondents find dine out as their most unavoidable expense, followed by
movies. An interesting finding was that more students reduced their daily expenditure when
faced with a budget deficit than those who asked their parents for money. They also prefer to
save a part of their monthly allowance, mostly in cash form or in bank, which shows good
budgeting habits. A fraction also tends to invest their savings in the financial markets.
One very simple but effective way students can reduce their spending is by analysing their
behaviour. They can do so by developing a behaviour chart. This is a method of keeping
constant record of the students’ behaviour and providing reinforcement for that same
behaviour. These charts work wonders when dealing with and changing student behaviours. It
is absolutely critical that university students educate themselves about finance during their
adolescence phase, as it is their best possible chance to be successful in adulthood. However,
having a good financial knowledge base is not enough. Steady success requires healthy and
positive attitude along with supportive parents who facilitate responsible financial attitude.

VIII. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

1. It is a sample study, not population study. The sample size of 138 students is a limitation
to the study. The things that are true for the same may or may not apply to the population.
2. This study uses non-probability convenience sampling technique. The sample includes
people who were convenient to the researchers.
3. The sample unit can be a limitation as the spending habit may be different in different cities.
This study is conducted through the students of Mumbai and Delhi – which are
metropolitan cities with high cost of living. Spending pattern changes with different cities
and hence the study is not valid for the entire population.
4. It is an objective study.

19
IX. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Spending behaviour of management students [Journal] / auth. Abawag Christine Faith

Nichole B // spending behaviour of management students. - 2003. - p. 40.
Student Budgeting and Spending Behaviours: A Comparative Study [Journal] / auth.
Stollak Matthew J. [et al.].
Spending Behaviour of Management Students [Journal] / auth. Abawag Christine Faith
Nicole B. [et al.]. - April 2019.
Daily Allowance and Academic Performance [Journal] / auth. Sollano Abegail T. [et al.] //
International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing. - [s.l.] : International Journal of
Engineering Science and Computing, June 2018. - 6 : Vol. 8. - pp. 19685-19690.
A Study on Saving and Spending Habits of College Students with reference to
Coimbatore City [Journal] / auth. Jeevitha P. and Priya R. Kanya // International Journal of
Research and Analytical Review. - Coimbatore : International Journal of Research and
Analytical Review, 2019. - 1 : Vol. 6. - pp. 463z-466z.
Factors Affecting the Spending Behaviour of College Students [Journal] / auth. Bona J. T.
C. // Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences. - February 24, 2018. - 10(3S). - pp. 142-
152.
Spending Behavior of a Case of Asian University Student [Journal] / auth. Sorooshian
Shahryar and Teck Tan Seng // Asian Social Science. - Pahang : Canadian Center of Science
and Education, December 29, 2013. - 2 : Vol. 10. - pp. 64-69.
Trends in Spending and Money Management Practices among Students of Kerala
[Journal] / auth. Manju R. // International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social
Studies. - [s.l.] : Sryahwa Publications, October 2016. - 10 : Vol. 3. - pp. 39-47.
Factors that Influence the Allowance Management [Journal] / auth. Vhalery Rendika,
Leksono Ari Wahyu and Irvan Moh. // International Journal of Scientific Engineering and
Science. - Jakarta : International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Science, 2018. - 11 :
Vol. 2. - pp. 39-44.
Spending & Saving Habits of Youth in the City of Aurangabad [Journal] / auth. Birari
Abhijeet and Patil Umesh // The SIJ Transactions on Industrial, Financial & Business
Management (IFBM). - Aurangabad : The Standard International Journals, May 3, 2014. -
2321-242X : Vol. 2. - pp. 158-165.
Unique Behaviours, Attitudes and Spending Patterns of Indian Youth [Journal] / auth.
Shah Kavita and Brahmbhatt Dr. Mamta // Roots Interantional Journal of Multidisciplinary

20
Researches. - [s.l.] : Center for Resource, Research and Publication Services, November
2017. - 2 : Vol. 4. - pp. 82-91.
A Study of Saving Behaviour of College Going Students [Journal] / auth. Mishra Prabha
and Singh Sunny. - pp. 130-138.

21
X. APPENDIX
X.i. QUESTIONNAIRE
1. What is your gender?
• Female
• Male

2. Do you study in your hometown?

• Yes
• No

3. How much is your monthly expense?

• Below 10,000
• 10,000 – 20,000
• 20,000 – 30,000
• 30,000 – 40,000

4. Do you maintain an account of your monthly expenses?

• Yes
• No

5. How do you maintain it?

• Mobile application
• Manually

6. What do you spend most on?

• Entertainment
• Books
• Lifestyle
• Trvelling
• Others (please specify)

22
7. Are you brand conscious?
• Yes
• No
• Maybe

8. What is your most unavoidable expense?

• Dine out
• Movies
• Shopping
• Others (please specify)

9. Have you ever faced budget deficit?

• Yes
• No

10. In case of a budget deficit, how do you plan your expenditure?

• Ask for money from parents
• Ask from friends
• Reduced daily expenditure

11. Do you think you can improve on your budgeting habit and spend less?
• Yes
• No
• Maybe

12. Do you prefer to save a part of your monthly allowance?

• Yes
• No

13. Where do you prefer to save your monthly allowance?

• Cash
• Bank
• Invest in financial market

23
X.ii. PLAGIARISM REPORT

24