Hvav Cep

HEATING VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING
HVAC CEP
GROUP # 13
2019-ME-315
2019-ME-319
2019-ME-322
2019-ME-327
2019-ME-329
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
LAHORE (NEW CAMPUS)
Problem Statement:
We will create a 1st floor (top floor) building model of the Department of Mechanical,
Mechatronics & Manufacturing Engineering (New Campus) and by using the HAP software
would apply and analyze EEMs to be taken under the Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning
domain.
Modify this building model by changing at least 7 parameters to make it 25% - 30% energy
efficient compared to the baseline model.
Introduction:
Software:
AutoCAD:
It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could
by hand. The files can also be easily saved and stored in the cloud, so they be accessed anywhere
at any time.
Rivet:
Revit is used to coordinate all data inputs (including CAD) and produce federated project
deliverables. Both programs are often used within the same firm, with building information
modeling and CAD specialists working on different elements of a project.
HAP:
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) is a computer tool which assists engineers in designing HVAC
systems for commercial buildings. First it is a tool for estimating loads and designing systems.
Second, it is a tool for simulating building energy use and calculating energy costs.
Heating Load:
The amount of heat given to compensate the heat rejected by doors, windows, infiltration and
floor edges. It mainly depends upon building design, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind flow
and building material (insulation). Simply, the heating load is the amount of heat energy that
would need to be added to a space to maintain the temperature in an acceptable range.
Qin = Qout
Heat lost from the building through conduction (wall, solid body), Convection (through gasses or
fluids) and radiation.
 It depends upon temperature difference between floor

 The area of the surface through which heat is flowing
 Thermal resistance of the material
Heat Transfer Coefficient (U):
In order to calculate resistance of the overall building than heat transfer coefficient gives the
overall resistance of the building instead of calculating individual resistance. Heat transfer
coefficient depend upon resistance. It is the inverse of resistance.
!
U= R
Heat Loss by Infiltration:
When outdoor air enters the building than the amount of heat loss that occur is known as heat
loss by infiltration. Air enters in the room through joints of windows and cracks of doors.
Infiltration load is measured by
 Crack Method
 Air Change Method
Heat Loss through Ventilation:
When outdoor air enters the building than the amount of heat loss that occurs through windows
and door gaps is known as heat loss through ventilation.
Cooling Load:
The amount of heat needed to reject from the building in order to maintain comfort level of the
building rooms. . It mainly depends upon building design, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind
flow and building material (insulation). Simply, the cooling load is the amount of heat energy
that would need to be removed from a space (cooling) to maintain the temperature in an
acceptable range.
Qin = Qout
It depends upon temperature difference between floors. The area of the surface through which
heat is flowing. Thermal resistance of the material.
It also depends upon
 Conduction
 Convection
 Radiation
 Lightning
 People
 Equipment
Procedure:
AutoCAD 2D Modeling:
First of all we created a 2D first floor building model on AutoCAD through which we can
calculate thickness of the wall, number of windows, number of doors and floor area.
Revit 3D Modeling:
First of all we insert a 2D model from AutoCAD and then draw the 3D model of first floor on
Revit through which we calculated the building height and roof thickness. In Revit we also
calculate the spaces that exist in our AutoCAD building model and gave them specific names.
 Space 1 is our library (Total Load 1105 W/h)

 Space 2 is drawing hall (Total Load 3125 W/h)
 Space 3 is a F5 lecture room (Total Load 1280 W/h)
 Space 4 is Mechanics of Materials lab (Total Load 2500 W/h)
 Space 5 is for Mechanics of Machine Lab (Total Load 4375 W/h)
 Space 6 is for refrigeration and air conditioning Lab (Total Load 12075 W/h)
 Space 7 is for Instrument and Control Lab (Total Load 12020 W/h)
 Space 8 is a teacher office (Total Load 880 W/h)
 Space 16 is a teacher washroom (Total Load 110 W/h)
 Space 17 is for graduate research lab (Total Load 7475 W/h)
 Space 18 is washroom (Total Load 890 W/h)
 Space 19 is washroom (Total Load 890 W/h)
HAP Software:
Lahore Weather:
We manually decided the weather of the Lahore by its latitude and longitude and dry bulb
temperature and wet bulb temperature in summer and winter seasons. Also its reflectivity of light
and soil conductivity.
Schedule:
Then we decided the schedule of working days and holidays. Also we did put the profiles of fan,
lightning and machinery.
Spaces:
As we described earlier spaces in the Revit model here we enter floor area number of windows,
number of door, height, light load, machinery load and electrical equipment load and these all are
putted in all spaces.
Systems:
Then we enter the details of system. We selected VAV (variable air ventilation) air system and
20 numbers of zones. Then we selected ASHRAE standard for the ventilation.
Walls:
In our modeling roof is consist of bricks and plaster whose thickness is 9inch which gives us the
value of wall heat transfer coefficient.
Roofs:
We calculated the roof heat transfer coefficient by putting the material of roof like concrete, tar
coal and cement.
Floor:
We calculated the floor heat transfer coefficient by putting the material of floor like concrete, tar
coal and cement.
Air sizing summary by HAP:

Analysis and Graph:
Energy Efficient Methods:
The methods used to increase the efficiency of the department first floor are as follows
 Focus on insulation of doors and windows

 Use LED lights
 Super insulate the building envelop
 Select energy efficient appliances and electronics
 Change the direction of the building
 Thermostat
 Remove the cracks and improve ventilation system

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HEATING VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

 It depends upon temperature difference between floor

Heat Transfer Coefficient (U):

Heat Loss by Infiltration:

Heat Loss through Ventilation:

It also depends upon

 Space 1 is our library (Total Load 1105 W/h)

Air sizing summary by HAP:

 Focus on insulation of doors and windows

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