NLM Module 11

NUR 412: Nursing Leadership and Management
Module 11: Filipino Management Styles &

Understanding Filipino Values
Introduction
Dr. Felipe Landa Jocano “The Filipino Management Style derives from the
dominant features of the Filipino Culture.”
Familism - The needs of the family as a group is more important than the needs of
any individual family member.
Personalism- It is the emphasis Filipinos give to interpersonal relation or face-to-

face encounters.
Emotionalism- The tendency to display emotion freely or to rely on, or place too
much value on emotion.
Learning Outcomes
The students will be able to;
1. Exemplify love for country in service of the Filipino
2. Customize nursing interventions based on Philippine Culture and values
Nursing Leadership and Management 142

Learning Content
Filipino Management Style
On Teams
The concept of “pakikisama” is so strongly programmed into the Filipino

consciousness. It is extremely important to be aware of the sense of “face” of
every member of a group because an insult to one could be construed as an
insult to all. Teams expect to be clearly led by the Manager, and the manager is
expected to act as the champion of the group in all situations.
On Communication Styles
Communicating in the Philippines is extremely easy for many Western

people. Filipinos would rather say “yes” even if they mean “no” and smiles at
you the whole time. It is dangerous to take everything you hear at face value.
Look for the coded messages behind the words that are spoken. In addition to
the use of coded language, Filipino body language can also be misleading.
On Meetings
Time can be very elastic – the meeting start time will be delayed.
Meetings will usually start with quite a lot of small talk. Filipinos tend to be
extremely non-confrontational. Meeting seems to be progressing very well if
people are not openly contradicted.
On Gift Giving
Take a supply of small gifts with you to help oil the progress of the
relationship-building process. Remember that gifts SHOULD BE WRAPPED.
On Dress Code
Dress code tends to be reasonably formal ◇ Clothing is packed

lightweight.
UNDERSTANDING FILIPINO VALUES
4 Prevailing Filipino values, namely: amor propio (self-esteem), hiya (shame,

shy, timid), utang na loob (emotional debt or obligation), and pakikisama
(getting along together).
1. Pakikisama- The first Filipino value to reflect on is pakikisama (getting

along together). It is avery significant Filipino trait. Pakikisama is the

desire for “smooth interpersonal relations.” At its finest pakikisama
“aims for unity, peace and cooperation.”
2. Utang na Loob- The social interaction of Filipinos centers on the

“obligation system” which meansthat if someone helps you voluntarily,
you are morally bound to repay that person. It is called utang na loob
(debt of gratitude).
Utang na loob is “a feeling of indebtedness which is incurred when one
receives a favor, service or good, and a deep sense of obligation to
reciprocate.” Further, it is an inner law of being dictating the recipient of
a good act or deed to behave generously to one’s benefactor. The
utang na loob identifies the integrity of a Filipino in the context of his
social relationship.
Moreover, one who fails to give significance of the utang na loob has
without dangal (honor) or karangalan (dignity). Dangal is a “sterling
character-firm inconviction, fair in judgment, careful in words.”
3. Hiya- Unlike in the West, the social status of Filipinos is significant.

This is enunciatedin a Tagalog maxim which says, “Hindi baleng
huwag mo akong mahalin; huwag molang akong hiyain,” that is, “It
doesn’t matter if you don’t love me; just don’t shame me” expresses the
high place of hiya (shame) among Filipinos. The social esteem is worn
away at the time a person does a wrong act known to other people.
The person becomes kahiya-hiya (shameful) to the society he lives in.
To a Filipino his image as a person to the society is very important.
This leads him to avoid anything that may cause him hiya (shame).
Thus, he will do his best to abide by the norms of the society.
4. Amor Propio- Closely related to hiya is the amor propio. It is the

sensitivity to personal affront or simply the self-esteem. Its main point is
the necessity of an individual to be treated as a person and not as a
thing or a property. However, the sense of amor propio (personal
worth) of a person is vulnerable to the way he is viewed by others,
specifically in the area of negative comments. Thus, the person is
vigilant on his standing in his group. For this reason, a person will have
difficulty accepting mistakes. Consequently, a correction is given in
acute deference and an oblique conveyance of criticism.
Recommended learning materials and resources for supplementary reading

Watch on youtube: Management styles of Philippines, S. Korea & Japan. Available
at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqj3A0MaI34
APA 6th edition format of your paper: Available at:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pbUoNa5tyY&t=179s
Assessment Task
Present your research output online through zoom. A rubrics will be used by
the professor to rate the presenters.
References
Lowel J. Domocmat, L. J. Understanding Filipino values, a window for mission.

Adventist international institute of advanced studies Philippines. Available at:
https://www.academia.edu/11618418/UNDERSTANDING_FILIPINO_VALUE
S_A_WINDOW_FOR_MISSION

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NUR 412: Nursing Leadership and Management

Module 11: Filipino Management Styles &

Personalism- It is the emphasis Filipinos give to interpersonal relation or face-to-

The students will be able to;

1. Exemplify love for country in service of the Filipino

2. Customize nursing interventions based on Philippine Culture and values

Nursing Leadership and Management 142

Filipino Management Style

The concept of “pakikisama” is so strongly programmed into the Filipino

Communicating in the Philippines is extremely easy for many Western

Dress code tends to be reasonably formal ◇ Clothing is packed

UNDERSTANDING FILIPINO VALUES

4 Prevailing Filipino values, namely: amor propio (self-esteem), hiya (shame,

1. Pakikisama- The first Filipino value to reflect on is pakikisama (getting

Nursing Leadership and Management 143

2. Utang na Loob- The social interaction of Filipinos centers on the

3. Hiya- Unlike in the West, the social status of Filipinos is significant.

4. Amor Propio- Closely related to hiya is the amor propio. It is the

Recommended learning materials and resources for supplementary reading

Nursing Leadership and Management 144

APA 6th edition format of your paper: Available at:

Lowel J. Domocmat, L. J. Understanding Filipino values, a window for mission.

Nursing Leadership and Management 145

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