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    Time-Independent Perturbations: Project PHYSNET Physics Bldg. Michigan State University East Lansing, MI

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    Epic Win
    This document provides an introduction to time-independent perturbation theory. It summarizes the key results and equations derived in section 9.1 for calculating energy shifts and wavefunction corrections to first and second order in perturbations. It outlines the procedures for applying these results to approximate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian that can be written as the sum of an exactly solvable piece and a small perturbation. Students are instructed to practice these techniques by solving sample problems from the referenced textbook.

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    Time-Independent Perturbations: Project PHYSNET Physics Bldg. Michigan State University East Lansing, MI

    Uploaded by

    Epic Win
    24 views4 pages
    This document provides an introduction to time-independent perturbation theory. It summarizes the key results and equations derived in section 9.1 for calculating energy shifts and wavefunction corrections to first and second order in perturbations. It outlines the procedures for applying these results to approximate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian that can be written as the sum of an exactly solvable piece and a small perturbation. Students are instructed to practice these techniques by solving sample problems from the referenced textbook.

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    This document provides an introduction to time-independent perturbation theory. It summarizes the key results and equations derived in section 9.1 for calculating energy shifts and wavefunction corrections to first and second order in perturbations. It outlines the procedures for applying these results to approximate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian that can be written as the sum of an exactly solvable piece and a small perturbation. Students are instructed to practice these techniques by solving sample problems from the referenced textbook.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views4 pages

    Time-Independent Perturbations: Project PHYSNET Physics Bldg. Michigan State University East Lansing, MI

    Uploaded by

    Epic Win
    This document provides an introduction to time-independent perturbation theory. It summarizes the key results and equations derived in section 9.1 for calculating energy shifts and wavefunction corrections to first and second order in perturbations. It outlines the procedures for applying these results to approximate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian that can be written as the sum of an exactly solvable piece and a small perturbation. Students are instructed to practice these techniques by solving sample problems from the referenced textbook.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    MISN-0-390

    TIME-INDEPENDENT PERTURBATIONS

    TIME-INDEPENDENT PERTURBATIONS by R. Spital 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

    Project PHYSNET Physics Bldg. Michigan State University East Lansing, MI

    ID Sheet: MISN-0-390 THIS IS A DEVELOPMENTAL-STAGE PUBLICATION OF PROJECT PHYSNET The goal of our project is to assist a network of educators and scientists in transferring physics from one person to another. We support manuscript processing and distribution, along with communication and information systems. We also work with employers to identify basic scientic skills as well as physics topics that are needed in science and technology. A number of our publications are aimed at assisting users in acquiring such skills. Our publications are designed: (i) to be updated quickly in response to eld tests and new scientic developments; (ii) to be used in both classroom and professional settings; (iii) to show the prerequisite dependencies existing among the various chunks of physics knowledge and skill, as a guide both to mental organization and to use of the materials; and (iv) to be adapted quickly to specic user needs ranging from single-skill instruction to complete custom textbooks. New authors, reviewers and eld testers are welcome. PROJECT STAFF Andrew Schnepp Eugene Kales Peter Signell Webmaster Graphics Project Director

    Title: Time-Independent Perturbations Author: R. Spital, Dept. of Physics, Illinois State Univ Version: 2/1/2000 Length: 2 hr; 8 pages Input Skills: 1. Vocabulary: diagonal matrix elements, o-diagonal matrix elements. 2. Unknown: assume (MISN-0-389). Output Skills (Knowledge): K1. Given any time-independent perturbation H1 and any complete set of non-degenerate eigenstates of H0 , derive: (a) the energy shifts to rst and second order in H1 , (b) the corrections to the wave-functions to rst and second order in H1 ; and using the results of (a) and (b) above, write approximate expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of H to rst or second order in H1 . Output Skills (Problem Solving): S1. Solve problems such as 9-5, 9-9, 9-10, 9-11 and 9-13. External Resources (Required): 1. E. E. Anderson, Modern Physics and Quantum Mechanics, W. B. Saunders (1971). Evaluation: Stage B0

    ADVISORY COMMITTEE D. Alan Bromley E. Leonard Jossem A. A. Strassenburg Yale University The Ohio State University S. U. N. Y., Stony Brook

    Views expressed in a module are those of the module author(s) and are not necessarily those of other project participants. c 2001, Peter Signell for Project PHYSNET, Physics-Astronomy Bldg., Mich. State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824; (517) 355-3784. For our liberal use policies see: http://www.physnet.org/home/modules/license.html.

    MISN-0-390

    MISN-0-390

    TIME-INDEPENDENT PERTURBATIONS by R. Spital 1. Introduction


    Relatively few Hamiltonians are solvable exactly; most of the time we have to nd ways to approximate the energy eigenstates and eigenvalues. Often we can write the Hamiltonian as H = H0 + H1 , where H0 has known eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, while H1 (which contains the new physics) can be regarded as small compared to H0 . The procedure for approximating the eigenstates and eigenvalues of H for the case when H1 is independent of time is called Time Independent Perturbation Theory.

    Acknowledgments
    The author would like to thank Illinois State University for support in the construction of this lesson. Preparation of this module was supported in part by the National Science Foundation, Division of Science Education Development and Research, through Grant #SED 74-20088 to Michigan State University.

    2. Procedures
    1. Read section 9.1. Follow the derivations carefully and be sure you can reproduce them. The key results to remember are equations (9.8), (9.10), (9.12), (9.13) and (9.14). Two key assumptions enter this derivation: (a) The eigenstates of H0 are non-degenerate. If this were not true, some of the energy denominators in the above equations would vanish, leading to nonsensical results. The Perturbation theory of degenerate states is a more advanced topic which we shall not have time to take up. (b) The eigenstates of H0 and of H are in one to one correspondence. This is not always true, and when it isnt things are much more complicated. We shall always make this assumption. Having nished the derivations, equation (9.5) tells you how to write the approximate expressions for the energies and the eigenstates. 2. Solve problems 9-5, 9-9, 9-10, 9-11, and 9-13 to gain practice in applying the newly developed techniques. You may wish to read section 9.2 to see an example done, but this is not required.

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