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18) LAB ACTIVITY

Topic APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES - VI

OBJECTIVE: To verify that amongst all the rectangles of the same perimeter, the square has the
maximum area.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
() Card-board (i) Chart-paper (ii) Paper-cutter (iv) Scale
() Pencil1 (vi) Eraser (vii) Glue (viii) White paper.
STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION:
Step (: Take a card-board of reasonable size.
Step (i): Paste a white paper on the card-board.
Step (ii): Form rectangles, each of perimeter 48 cm on the chart paper. These rectangles of different
dimensions are given as below:

R 9 cm R2 10 cm
15 cm 14Cm
(i) (iü)

cm R 12 cm

13Cm 12Cm
(iii) (iv)

R 11.5 cm R 13.5 cm

12.5 cm 10.5 Cm
(v) (vi)
Dimensions are as below:
R1=15 cm x 9 cm R2= 14 cm x 10 cm
R3 13 cm x 11 cmn R4 12 cm x 12 cmn
Rg 12.5 cm x 11.5 cm R 10.5 cm x 13.5 cm
Step io): Cut these rectangles ((i) (vi) and paste them on the white paper on the card-board.
(See Fig)
 abo OF
PRACTICAL
(X
MATHEMATICSs
MODERN'S
and of
perimeter 48 h
dimensions
different
42
tor more wtangles having
Step (o: Nepeut Step (3) cand-board.
ach. on the
on the white paper
Paste thewe ntangles
Step (oi:
DEMONSTRATION
x 9 cm =
135 cm*
15 cm
rvtangle R
=
(4) (0) A a of 140 cm*
14 cm x 10 cm
=
() Ara of nctangle R =
= 143 cm*
13 cnm x 11 em
(17) Ara of nctangle Ra= 12 cm =144 cm
12 em x
(iv) Ara ofrectangle R 11.5 cm = 143.75 cm*
x
12.5 cm
() Aru of rectangle Rs
=
13.5 cm = 141.75 cms
10.5 cm x
Ara of nctangle Ro
=
(i)
These are different.
Perimeter of each rctangle is same.
(b) side 12 cm.
maximum, which is a square of
() Area of rctangle Ra is
OBSERVATIONS:
(a) Perimeter of each rectangle Ri, R2 R6 is 48 cm. ..,
the area of the rectangle R4
(b) Area of rectangle Ra is less than
than the area of the rectangle R4.
(c) Area of rectangle R3 is less
x 12 cm and hence it is a squuare.
(d) rectangle R4 has dimensions 12 cnm
The
CONCLUSION:
perimeter, the square has the maximum area.
Of all rectangles having same
APPLICATION:
This activity is useful when we explain the concept of maxima of a function.
This activity is also useful when we prepare economical purchases.
Remark:
Let 'a and 7 be the length and breadth respectively of a rectangle
Now, P, perimeter = 48 cm
2(r+y) 48 *+ y =24 y =
24 - *
Let A(r) be the area of the rectangle.
Then, A(x) = xy
x(24 x)
24r r*. [using (
A'(x) = 24 2x.
Now A'(x) = 0
24-2x 0 * = 12.
Also, A"(x) = -2.
Thus, A"(12) = -
2, which is
Thus, area is maximum when r = 12 negative.
and y 24 12 12
* y 12.
Hence, amongst all
rectangles, the square has the
maximum area,