STD: - 9TH MATHS

LMR BOOK
RATIONAL NUMBER

(1)Marking √2 on the number line.

(2) Marking √3 on the number line.

(3) Marking √5 on the number line.

(4) Rationalise the denominator in the following:

4+ √3
Ans: 5 – 2√3
2+ √3

5+ √3
(5) Express the in the form a + b√3 and find the values of a and b.
3−2 √3
13 13
Ans: -7-
3
√3 , -7, - 3
1
(6) Rationalise the denominator of
√6+ √3−√2
12+5√3− √6−7√2
Ans:
23

(7)If x = 2- √3, find the value of

1
(i) x+ Ans: 4
𝑥

1
(ii) x- Ans: -2 √3
𝑥

1
(iii) x2+ Ans: 14
𝑥²

√3+ √2 √3− √2
(8) If a = and b = , then find (a + b)2.
√3 − √2 √3 + √2

Ans: 100

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 (9) Rationalise the denominator of :
2√5− √10
Ans: 3 - 2√2
2√5+ √10

(10) Find the values of a and b in the following if :

5√3+ 3
(i) = a + b √3 Ans: a = 13, b = 7
2√3−3

6+ √3
(ii) = a + b√3 Ans: a = 54, b = 31
7−4 √3

(11) Simplify the following:

√7+ √6 √7− √6
(i) + Ans: 26
√7− √6 √7+ √6
7 2 15√5+ 18
(ii) + Ans:
3√5− 2 3√5+ 2 41

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 COMPOUND INTEREST

(1) A man invests Rs.46,875 at 4% per annum compound interest for 3 years. Calculate:
(i) The interest for the 1st year;
(ii) The amount standing to his credit at the end of the second year;
(iii) The interest for the 3rd year.
Ans: (i) ₹1875,
(ii) ₹1950
(iii) ₹2028
1
(2) Find the compound interest on Rs. 6000 for 1 years at 10% p.a; interest payable
2

half-yearly. Ans: ₹945.75

(3) (i) Calculate the amount on Rs. 8000 or 2 years at 15% p.a. when compounded
annually.
(ii) Find the compound interest for 2 years 4 months.
Ans: (i) ₹2580
(ii) ₹3109
1
(4) Calculate the CI on Rs. 7680 at 12 % p.a., compounded half-yearly for 1 year.
2

Ans: ₹990
(5) Anita borrowed Rs. 50000 from State Bank of India at 11% p.a. compounded interest.
At the end of one year she repaid Rs. 3500 and Rs. 27,720 at the end of the second n
year. Find the
amount outstanding at the beginning of the third year.
Ans: ₹30,000
(6) How much will Rs. 6000 amount to in 2 years at CI if the rates for successive years
are 4% and 5%? Ans: ₹6552
(7) Rohit borrows Rs. 86,000 from Arun for two years at 5% p.a. simple interest. He
immediately lends out this money to Varun at 5% interest compounded annually for
the same period. Calculate Rohit’s profit in the transaction at the end of two years.
Ans: ₹215
(8)A sum of Rs. 15,000 earns CI of Rs, 2496 in 2 years. Find the rate of interest.
Ans: 8%
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 (9)A certain sum of money compounded annually amounts to Rs. 23,328 at 8% p.a.
in 2 years time. Find the sum.
Ans: ₹20,000
(10)A certain sum of money yields Rs. 927 as compound interest in 2 years time at 6%
compounded yearly. Find the sum.
Ans: ₹7500
(11)In what time will Rs. 8000 yield Rs. 2648 as compound interest at 10% p.a.
compounded yearly.
Ans: 3 years
(12)Pranav invests Rs. 10,000 for two years at a certain rate of interest compounded
annually. At the end of one year it amounts to Rs. 11,200. Calculate (i) the rate of
interest, (ii) the amount at the end of second year.
Ans: (i) 12% (ii) ₹12544
(13)A certain sum amounts to Rs. 57,600 in 2 years and Rs. 61,440 in 3 years compounded
annually. Find the rate and the sum.
2
Ans: 6 , ₹50,625
3

(14)A certain sum amounts to Rs. 21,600 in 2 years and Rs. 31,104 in 4 years at the
same rate compounded annually. Find the rate and the sum.
Ans: 20%, ₹15000
(15)On a sum of money, the compound interest calculated yearly is Rs. 2100 for the
second year and for the third year it is Rs. 2205. Calculate the rate of interest and
the sum of money.
Ans: 5%, ₹40,000
(16)The SI on a certain sum for 2 years is Rs. 1600 and CI on the same sum at the same
rate for same time is Rs. 1680. Find the rate and sum.
Ans: 10%, ₹8000
(17)The present population of a town is 132300. If it increases at the rate of 5% p.a. ,
find its population (i) after 1 year (ii) 2 years ago
Ans: (i) 138915 (ii) 1,20,000

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 (18)A machine costing Rs. 50,000 is estimated to depreciated by 25% in the first year
and by 10% in succeeding years. Calculate its value after 3 years.
Ans: ₹30,375
(19)The rate of depreciation of a machine is 16% p.a. The present value of the machine
is Rs. 9261. Find its value 3 years ago.
Ans: ₹15,625

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 FACTORISATION

(1) Factorise the following

(i) b (x – y) – 3 (y – x) + a (y – x) Ans. (x – y)(b + 3 – a)
(ii) 3a2 – 6a – ka + 2k + am – 2m Ans. (a – 2)(3a – k + m)
(iii) a2 – ab (1 – b) – b3 Ans. (a – b)(a + b2)
(2) Factorise the following
(i) 16 – 9 (a – b)2 Ans. (4 + 3a – 3b)(4 – 3a + 3b)

(ii) 16a4 – 625b4 Ans. (4a2 + 25b2)(2a + 5b)(2a – 5b)

(iii) (a2 + 9b2 – c2)2 – 36a2b2 Ans. (a + 3b + c)(a + 3b – c)(a – 3b + c)(a – 3b – c)

(iv) a4 – 25b2 + 30b – 9 Ans. (a2 + 5b – 3)(a2 – 5b + 3)

(v) a2 – 3b + ab – 9 Ans. (a – 3)(a + 3 + b)
1 5 1 1
(vi) x2 + − 2 + 5x – Ans. (𝑥 − ) (𝑥 − + 5)
𝑥2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

(3) Factorise using identities.

(i) 25(x + y)² - x² + 4xy - 4y² Ans: 3(2x + y)(4x + 7y)
(ii) 25a² - 36b² + 84bc - 49c² Ans: (5a + 6b - 7c)(5a - 6b + 7c)
(iii) 49a² - 9b² + 30bc - 25c² Ans: (7a + 3b - 3c)(7a - 3b + 5c)
(4) Using algebraic formula, find the value of the following:
7865×7863+1
Ans: 1
(7864)²

Factorise the following

(5) 75a²b² - 108c² Ans: 3(5ab + 6c)(5ab - 6c)
5 3 3
(6) (x + 1)(x – 1) – Ans. (𝑥 + ) (𝑥 − )
4 2 2

(7) 625a⁴ - 256b⁴ Ans: (25a² + 16b²)(5a + 4b)(5a - 4b)

(8) 36 (a + 3)² - 25 (a – 2)² Ans: (11a + 8)(a + 28)
y 2 49y2 8𝑦
(9) (𝑥 − ) − Ans. (x + 2y) (𝑥 − )
3 9 3

(10) 9a² - b² + 2bc - c² Ans: (3a + b - c)(3a – b + c)

(11) 49x² – 25y² + 10y – 1 Ans: (7x + 5y - 1)(7x - 5y + 1)

(12) 16a² - 9b² + 30bc - 25c² Ans: (4a + 3b - 5c)(4a - 3b + 5c)

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 (13) a² + b² + 2ab - c² - d² - 2cd Ans: (a + b + c + d)(a + b – c - d)
(14) 1 + x2y2 + 4xy - x2 - y2 Ans: (1 + xy + x - y)(1 + xy – x + y)

(15) a² – 25 – ab + 5b Ans: (a - 5)(a + 5 + b)

(16) (x2 – 4)2 – 9x2 Ans: (x - 1)(x + 4)(x - 4)(x + 1)

(17) (x2 + y2 – z2) – 4x2y2 Ans. (x + y + z)(x + y – z)(x – y + z)(x – y – z)
(18) (a² + 4b² – c²)² – 16a²b² Ans: (a + 2b + c)(a + 2b - c)(a - 2b + c)(a - 2b - c)
(19) Find the value using algebraic formula
99982 – 9999 x 9997 Ans. 1
(20) Factorise
(i) 6x2 – x – 35. Ans. (2x – 5)(3x + 7)
(ii) 3x2 – 30x – 72. Ans. 3 (x – 12) (x + 2)
(iii) (a – 3b)2 – 8 (a – 3b) + 12. Ans: (a - 3b - 6)(a - 3b - 2)
(iv) x4 – 29x2 + 100. Ans. (x + 5)(x – 5)(x + 2) (x – 2)
(v) x4 + x2 + 1 Ans: (x2 + 1 + x)(x2 + 1 - x)
(vi)x4 – 11x2 y2 +y4 Ans: (x2 –y2 + 3xy) (x2 – y2 - 3xy)
(21) Factorise the following
(i) 3x2 – 5x – 12 Ans. (x – 3)(3x + 4)
(ii) 2x2 – 3x – 65 Ans. (2x – 13)(x + 5)
(iii) 4x2 – 8x – 21 Ans. (2x + 3)(2x – 7)
(iv) 4a2 – 12a – 216 Ans. 4 (a – 9) (a + 6)
(22) Factorise by substituting terms
(i) 12(a + b)2 – 5(a + b) – 3 Ans. (3a + 3b + 1)(4a + 4b – 3)
(ii) 5 (x + y)2 – 6x – 6y – 8 Ans. (x + y – 2)(5x + 5y + 4)
(23) Factorise splitting the middle term to get two perfect squares.
(i) x⁴ + 5x² + 9 Ans: (x2 + 3 + x) (x2 + 3 + x)
(ii) x⁴ - 5x² + 4 Ans: (x + 1)(x - 1)(x + 2)(x - 2)
(iii) x⁴ - 10x² + 9 Ans: (x + 1)(x - 1)(x + 3)(x - 3)
(iv) a⁴ - 7a²b² + b⁴ Ans: (a² + b² + 3ab)(a² + b² - 3ab)
(v) a4 + 2a2b2 + 9b4 Ans: (a² + 3b² + 2ab)(a² + 3b² - 2ab)
(vi) a⁴ + a²b² + 25b⁴ Ans: (a² + 5b² + ab)(a² + 5b² - ab)

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 (24) Factorise the following
(i) 216x – 27x4 Ans. 27x (2 – x) (4 + 2x + x2)
(ii) 729a6 – 15625b6
Ans. [(3a + 5b) (9a2 – 15ab + 25b2)][(3a – 5b)(9a2 + 15ab + 25b2)]
(iii) 3a7 – 192a Ans. 3a (a + 2) (a2 – 2a + 4) (a – 2) (a2 + 2a + 4)
(iv) x3 + 6x2y + 12xy2 + 7y3 Ans. (x + y)(x2 + 5xy + 7y2)

(v) a6 + 7a3 – 8 Ans. (a + 2)(a2 – 2a + 4)(a – 1) (a2 + a + 1)

(0.83)3 + (0.17)3
(25) Evaluate using algebraic formula : Ans. 1
(0.83)2 − (0.83)(0.17)+ (0.17)2

(26) The area of a rectangle is (15x2 + 7xy – 18y2) sq units. Find the perimeter of the
rectangle. Ans. (16x + 14y) units

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 SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS

METHOD OF SUBSTITUTION

(1)Solve: 5x – y = 3 and 2x + 3y = 8 Ans: {(1,2)}

(2)Solve: 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 and x - 5y = 11 Ans: {1,-2}

METHOD OF ELIMINATION

(3)Solve:

4x - 7y = 23
1
6x + 2y + 3 = 0 Ans: {( , -3)}
2

(4)Solve: 3x + 4y = 22 and 2x + 6y = 23 Ans: {(4,2.5)}

(5)Solve :

97x - 78y = 59

78x - 97y = 116 Ans: -1, -2

(6)Solve :
4 5 6 10
+ = 3, - =1 Ans: 2,5
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦

12 21 9 14
(7) Solve : + = 7, - =1 Ans: {5,-2}
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦

METHOD OF CROSS MULTIPLICATION

(8)Solve: 3x + 4y = 23, 2x + 5y = 20 Ans: (5,2)

(9)Solve: 4x + 5y = 2, 7x - 6y = 33 Ans: 3,-2

WORD PROBLEMS

(10) If Varun increases his usual driving speed by 15 km/h, it will take him 2 hours less

to make a trip. If he decreases his usual speed by 15 km/h, it will take him 3 hours

more than usual to make the trip. How long is the trip? Ans:- 900 km

(11) A two-digit number is six times the sum of its digits. If the digit in the unit's place

is increased by 2 and the digit in the ten's place is decreased by 2, then the number

so formed is four times the sum of its digits. Find the original number. Ans:- 54
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 (12) If the length of a rectangle is reduced by 1 cm and breadth is increased by 1 cm,

its area would increase by 2 cm2. But if the length is increased by 2 cm and the

breadth reduced by 1 cm, the area would increase by 7 cm2. Find the dimensions

of the rectangle. Ans:- 15 cm, 12 cm

(13) Five years ago, the age of a father was 7 times his son's age at that time. Five years

from now, father's age will be three times the age of his son. Find their present ages.

Ans:- 10 years

(14) The sum of the numerator and denominator of a fraction is 1 less than thrice the

numerator. If the numerator and denominator are increased by 2, they would be in

7
the ratio 3:5. Find the fraction. Ans:-
13

(15) There are some children in a school bus. If 2 children sit on each seat, then 1 child

has to stand. If 3 children sit on each seat, then 8 seats will be empty. How many

children are there in the bus? Ans:- 51

(16) 3 men and 16 women can complete a piece of work in 4 days, 2 men and 4 women

can do the same in 12 days. How long will it take a man to do it alone?

Ans:- 80 days

(17) Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 5. If 5 is added to each the ratio becomes 2:3. Find
the numbers. Ans. x = 15, y = 25
(18) Five years ago, a man was 7 times his son’s age. Five years hence, he will be 3
times his son’s age. Find their present ages. Ans : 40 years, 10 years
(19) Five year’s ago, A’s age was 5 years less than twice B’s age. Three years from now,
one third of B’s age will be 12 years less than A’s age. Find their present ages.
Ans. x = 14, y = 12; preset age of A = 14 years & B = 12 years
(20) The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 7. When the digits are interchanged
the reversed number is 5 times the ten’s digit of the original number. Find the
original number. Ans. x = 5, y = 2; two digit no. is 52
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 5
(21) A two digit number becomes of the reversed number obtained when the digits are
6

interchanged. The difference between the digit is 1. Find the number.

Ans. x = 4, y = 5; Two digit no. 45

(22) When the numerator of a fraction is increased by 2 and the denominator by 1, the
5
fraction becomes equal to and if the numerator and denominator are each
8

1
diminished by 1, the fraction becomes . Find the fraction.
2

8
Ans. x = 8, y = 15 ; original fraction
15

(23) A boat takes 6 hours to travel 36 km upstream and it takes 3 hours to travel 30 km
downstream. Find the speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the stream.
Ans: 8 km/h, 2 km/h
(24) An aeroplane takes 3 hours to fly 1200 km against the wind. The return trip takes 2
hours. Find the speed of the plane in still air and the wind speed.
Ans. x = 500 km/hr, y = 100 km/hr

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 INDICES

(1) Simplify the following and express with a positive index

27a12 b 6 3𝑎⁴𝑐³
3 Ans:
125c9d 6 5𝑏²𝑑²

(2) Given 6860 = 2a.5b.7c, find

(i) the values of a,b and c (ii) the value of 2a.5b.7⁻c
20
Ans: (i)a=2,b=1,c=3 (ii)
343

  
1 1

(3) Find the value of 140  15 3

140  15 3
Ans: 5

(4) Find the value of

1
 2
 1 1 4

125  343  64 
3 3 2
Ans: 3
 

5a 3  5a 2
(5) Simplify : a 1 Ans : 4
5  6  5a 1

 3  
3x  4 x
(6) Solve for x  3 27 Ans: -2

1
  0.75 
2x 3 5
(7) Find x if 60  Ans:
3 4

(8) Evaluate :
2
9
2 0
(i)3 (4 + 5 ) = 9 3x
(ii) (𝑥 − 1)3 = 9
25
−2
Ans: (i) (ii) 28 or -26
3
1 1 1
(9) If xa = yb = zc and xyz = 1, find the value of + + Ans: 0
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
1
1
(10) Solve for x and find the value of (18𝑥)2 if 52x+3 = 52x+1 + 600. Ans: ,3
2

(11) If
3   a 3
.27a  729a
 38 , prove that b = 3a + 4.
1
32b.4 2

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 1 1
(12) Prove that:  1
1  x a  b 1  x b a
1
27 3 3 2 1
(13) Simplify : (125) x [( )-2 ÷ ( )3] Ans: 4
2 5 6

(14) Find the value of :

0
9 2
7
(i)   0.008  3  
16  10 
2 5 1 1
 1  1 1
 4  2    3o   0.027 
2 3
(ii) 81     8 . 
34 13 o 34
(iii) 16
 32  2 2
3 1
Ans: (i) 24 (ii) 27 (iii) 22
4 9

(15) Find the value of x in the following:

(i) 250 + 2x = 251 Ans. x = 50

(ii) 340 + 340 + 3x = 341 Ans: 340

(16) Solve :
1 1 1
8 3 4 −2 2 343 −3 5 3 3 8
(i) ( ) [( ) ÷ ( )2 ] (ii) ( 27 ) [( )-2 ÷ ( )3] Ans: (i) 3 (ii) 3
125 9 5 7 5 4 9

a b  bc   ca 

 xa   xb   xc 
(17) Simplify : (i)  b  . c  . a 
x  x  x 
2 2 𝑏2 + 𝑏𝑐+ 𝑐 2 2 2
𝑥 𝑎 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑏+ 𝑏 𝑥𝑏 𝑥 𝑐 𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎+ 𝑎
(ii) ( 𝑏 ) x ( 𝑐) x ( 𝑎)
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

Ans: (i) 1 (ii) 1

(18) Evaluate:
343n + 49n . 7n+2 343𝑛 + 49𝑛 . 7𝑛+2
(i) (5.7n)3 Ans.
− 25 × 73n (5.7𝑛 )3 − 25 × 73𝑛

2n+2 + 2n 1
(ii) Ans. 2
2n +2 − 2n+1 2
4n+4 − 5 × 4n+2
(iii) Ans. 4
4 n+1 ×11

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 (19)Solve for x:

(i)125 x – 1 = 25x + 2 x (625)x – 1 Ans. x = – 1

(ii) 36x + 1 = 6 x (216)x – 1 Ans. 4 = x
(iii)52x . 22(3) . 53(2) = (0.04) – 8 Ans. x = 2

3 1−3x 64 1
(iv)√( ) = Ans. 2
4 27 3
x−1
25 3 343 1
(v)( ) = Ans. x = – 3
49 125 2
1
a 1−2𝑥 𝑏 3 2
(vi)( ) = (a) Ans. x =
b 3

(20) Find the value of x :

1 2x
3 5 3
  0.49 
23x
(i) 3 4    
o
(ii) 5o 
5 8 7
9 2 3 2
(iii) 32(70+43x) = 9 Ans: (i) (ii) (iii) -
16 3 4 3

(21) Solve for y :

2 y
3 4 7
(i) 3 5    
o
Ans: (i)
4 7 3

43 ⁿ+42 ⁿ.4ⁿ⁺¹ 1
(22) Simplify : (4𝑥4ⁿ)3 Ans:
−4𝑥4³ⁿ 12
−2 1
1
(23)Evaluate: (0.008) 3 + ( )-2 - (121)2 Ans: 30
4

5ᵃ.125ᵃ+624ᵃ
(24) IF 1 = 125, show that 4a + 2b = 3
25¯ᵇ. 83

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 LOGARITHM

(1)Find the value of x :

1
(i) logx =3 (ii) logx 64 = 12
8

(iii) log √2 (𝑥 + 3) = 2 (iv) log3 (x2 -7)=2

1
Ans: (i) (ii) √2 (iii) -1 (iv) ±4
2

(2)Given log10 a = x, log10 b= y , log10 c = z.

(i) Write 102x in terms of a and 103y-1 in terms of b.
(ii) Express P in terms of a, b and c if log P = 3x – 5y + 2z.
𝑏³ 𝑎³𝑐²
Ans: (i) a2 , (ii)
10 𝑏⁵

(3) If log2a = 3, log3b = 2, log4c = 1. find the value of 3a + 2b - 10c. Ans: 2

(4) Find the value of x in the following :

(i) log √3 (𝑥 + 2) = 2 (ii) log √5 (𝑥 + 8) = 4 (iii) log 3 (𝑥 2 − 19) = 4

Ans: (i) 1 (ii) 17 (iii) ±10

1
(5) Evaluate : log 25 -2 log 3 +log 18 Ans: log 10 = 1
2

(6) Solve for x :

(i) log (x+2)+log (x-2) = 2 log 3 + log 5 (ii) log 2x-log (x-4)=1
Ans: (i) 7 (ii) 5
(7) Given log 75 = a , log 25 = b. express the following in terms of a or b or both.
1
(i) log 3 (ii) log 4 (iii) log 5 (iv) log 20 (v) log 2
4
1 1
Ans: (i)a-b (ii) 2-b (iii) b (iv) 2 - b (v) 2a-b-2
2 2

(8) Solve for x : logx 24 = 2-logx 6 Ans: 12

(9) If log 2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771, find the value of
5
(i) log 90 (ii) log 8 (iii) log
4

Ans: (i) 1.9542 (ii) 0.9030(iii) 0.0970

(10) Express as a single logarithm:
1
(i) log 36+2 log 5 – 3 log 2
2
1
(ii) 2+ log 8 – 2 log 5
3
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 2 3 1 1
(iii) log 8 + 6 log √2 - log
3 2 9
75
Ans: (i) log (ii) log 8 (iii) log 48
4

(11) Evaluate the following:

1 3 4 5 1
(i) 2 log 6 – 2 log 3 + log 625 (ii) log + log + log - log
2 4 5 6 2
81 2 3 3
(iii) log + 2 log - 3 log + log
8 3 2 4

Ans: (i) 2 (ii) 0 (iii) 0

(12) Solve for x :

(i) log (2x-3)+log 3 = log (2x+7) (ii) log (x+3)+log(x-3)= 3 log 2+log 5

(iii) log (x+3)+log (x-5)= 2 log 3 (iv) log (3x+5)-log (x-3)=1

(v) log (5x+6)+ log(5x-6)= 2 log 8 (vi)log (7x+3) – log (x-3)= 1
Ans: (i) 4 (ii) 7 (iii) 6 (iv) 5 (v) 2 (vi) 11
(13) Given log 2 = a , log 3 = b , express the following in terms of a or b or both.
(i) log 1.5 (ii) log 1.2 (iii) log 0.24 (iv) log 0.5 (v) log 0.036
Ans: (i) b-a (ii) 2a+b-1 (iii) 3a+b-2
(iv) –a (v) 2a+2b-3
(14) If log 8 = 0.9030 , express the following :
5
(i) log 64 (ii) log 2000 (iii) log (iv) log 4
4

Ans: (i) 1.8060 (ii) 3.3010 (iii) 0.0970 (iv) 0.6020

(15) Simplify the following:
𝑙𝑜𝑔√343 𝑙𝑜𝑔√32 3 5
(i) (ii) Ans: (i) (ii)
log 49 log 8 4 6

(16) Solve for x:

1
2log x+ log 125 x3 =3 log 2 + log 5 Ans: 2
3

(17) If log 9 = 0.9542, find the value of (i) log 30 (ii) log 27
Ans : (i) 1.4771 (ii) 1.4313
(18) If log 2=0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771 and log 7 = 0.8451, find the value of
1
(i) log 84 (ii) log 1
6

Ans : (i) 1.9242 (ii) 0.0671

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 MID POINT THEOREM

(1) M and N are mid-points of sides AB and AC of ΔABC.

(i) If MN = 2x - 5 and BC = x + 2, find the value of x.
(ii) If ∠AMN = (2y + 25)° and ∠B = (3y - 5)°, find the values of y and ∠B.

Ans: 4 , 30° , 85°

(2) ABCD is a quadrilateral. P, Q, R, S are mid-points of AB, BC, CD, DA res. Prove that
PQRS is a parallelogram.

(3) In trapezium ABCD, AB || CD . M and N are mid-points of AD and BC. If

AB = 5 cm and DC = 9 cm, find the length of MN.

Ans: 7 cm
(4) ABCD is a parallelogram, P and Q are mid-points of AB and DC res. Prove that
(i) APCQ is a parallelogram. (ii) BM = MN = ND

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 (5) ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AD = BC. M, N, O and P are mid-points of
AB, DB, DC and AC res. Prove that MNOP is a rhombus.

(6) IN ΔABC, M and N are mid-points of sides AB and AC res.

(i) If MN = 4x - 2 and BC = 6x + 3, find x.
(ii) If ∠MNC = (3y + 10)° and ∠C = (y + 10)°, find y.
(iii) If ∠AMN = (2a + 15)° and ∠B = (3a - 15)°, find a.
(iv) If AB = 7 cm, BC = 10 cm, AC = 9.2 cm , find the perimeter of MNCB.

Ans: 3.5, 40, 30, 23.1 cm

(7) In ΔABC, ∠B = 90°. D is the mid-point of AB and DE || BC. If AB = 9 cm and
AC = 15 cm, find the perimeter of DECB.

Ans: 30 cm
(8) In trapezium ABCD, M and N are mid-points of AC and BD, and AB || CD. Find
(i) MN if AB = 7.5 cm, CD = 5.5 cm
(ii) AB if CD = 16 cm, MN = 10 cm
(iii) CD if AB = 14 cm, MN = 16.5 cm

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 Ans: 6.5 cm, 4 cm, 19 cm
(9) In the quadrilateral ABCD, AD || BC. P and Q are mid-points of AB and AC.
Prove that
(i) R is the mid-point of DC. (ii) AD + BC = 2PR

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 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM

(1) In the given figure, AC = 10 cm, DC = 9 cm and AD = 17 cm and AB ⊥ BC. Find

BC and AB.

Ans: 6 cm, 8 cm
(2) In ΔABC , AB = 20 cm, a + b = 40 cm. find a and b.

Ans: 15, 25
(3) ABCD is a rhombus and the diagonals intersect at O.
1
Prove that AO2 + OC2 = AD2 + CD2 - BD2
2

(4) In the figure, PR = RS and PQ ⊥ QS . Prove that PS2 = 2RS.QS.

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 (5) ABC is an acute-angled triangle and AD ⊥ BC. Prove that
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 – 2BC.BD.

(6) In the following figures, find the sides marked x and y.

Ans: 15,17
(7) In the given figure, ∠ABC = 90°, AC = 13 cm, CD = 11 cm, AD = 20 cm. find BC
and AB.

Ans: 5 cm, 12 cm
(8) In ΔABD, AB ⊥ BD and AC = BD. If AB = 4 cm, BC = 2 cm, find AD.

Ans: 6 cm

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 (9) In ΔABC,AB = 8,find a and b if a + b = 32.

Ans: 15,17
(10) In the quadrilateral ABCD, ∠B = ∠D = 90°. prove that
2AC2 – BC2 = AB2 + AD2 + DC2.

(11) IN ΔABC, ∠B = 90° and D is the mid-point of BC. Prove that AC2 = AD2 + 3CD2.

(12) IN ΔABC, AD is perpendicular to BC and BD : DC = 3 : 1. Prove that

1
AB2 = AC2 + BC2.
2

(13) ABCD is a parallelogram, M is the mid-point of BC and AM ⊥ BC. Prove that:

AD2 = 4(CD2 – AM2).

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 (14) In ΔABC, ∠BAC = 90° = ∠APB . BC = 85 cm, AC = 75 cm and BP = 32 cm.
find x and y.

Ans: 40 cm , 24 cm

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 CIRCLES

(1) AB and CD are two parallel chords and O is the centre. If AB = 24 cm, CD = 18 cm
and radius = 15 cm, find the distance between the chords if they are on the opposite
sides of the centre.

Ans: 21 cm, 3 cm
(2) Two parallel chords of a circle are 14 cm and 48 cm long. If the distance between
them is 31 cm and they lie on the opposite sides of the centre, find the radius.

Ans: 25 cm
(3) ABC is an isosceles triangle inscribed in a circle. AB = AC = 29 cm and BC = 40 cm.
Calculate the radius of the circle.

1
Ans: 20 cm
42

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 (4)An equilateral triangle of side 12 cm is inscribed in a circle. Find the radius of the
circle.

Ans: 6.928 cm
(5) AB is a diameter of a circle. P is a point on AB such that AP = 9 cm and PB = 25 cm.
Find the length of the shortest chord through P.

Ans: 30 cm
(6) The length of the common chord of two circles is 30 cm. Their diameters are 50 cm
and 34 cm. Find the distance between their centres.

Ans: 28 cm
(7) In the given circle, chord AB = 24 cm, PQ = 6 cm and OP ⊥ AB. Find the radius
of the circle.

Ans: 15 cm
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 (8) The radii of two concentric circles are 41 cm and 50 cm. A line segment PQRS cuts
outer circle at P and S and inner circle at Q and R. If QR = 18 cm, find the length
of PQ.

Ans: 21 cm
(9) Two parallel chords in a circle are 10 cm and 24 cm along. If the radius of the circle is
13 cm, find the distance between the chords if they lie:
(i) on the same side of the centre (ii) on the opposite sides of the centre.
Ans: 7 cm , 17 cm

(10) In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle. AB and CD are two chords of the
circle. OM is perpendicular to AB and ON is perpendicular to CD. AB = 24 cm,
OM = 5 cm, ON = 12 cm.
find that : (i) radius of the circle (ii) length of chord CD.

Ans: 13 cm, 10 cm

(11) chord BC = CD = DE and ∠COD = 26°. O is the centre of the circle. Calculate
∠BOC, ∠BOE, ∠OBE, ∠OCD.

Ans: 26°, 78°,51°,77°

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 (12) In the given circle, O is the centre and arc AB = 2 x arc BC. If ∠AOB = 84°, Find
∠BOC, ∠ABC, ∠BAC.

Ans; 42°, 117°, 21°

(13) In the semicircle with centre O, chord AD = AE = CD. ∠ABC = 48°, Find ∠DBC,
∠EBC, ∠COB, ∠COD.

Ans: 24°, 72°, 48°, 48°

(14) AB is a side of a regular pentagon and BC is a side of a regular hexagon inscribed
in a circle with centre O.Find : ∠AOB, ∠OAB, ∠BOC, ∠OAC.

Ans: 72°, 54°,60°, 24°

(15) AB is a side of a regular hexagon and BC is a side of a regular nonagon. find

∠BOC, ∠AOB, ∠OBC, ∠OAC, ∠ABC.

Ans: 40°,60°,70°,40°,130°
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 (16) In the given figure, A,B,C are 3 points on the circumference of a circle with centre O.
Arc AB = 2 arc BC and ∠AOB = 108°.
Calculate : ∠BOC, ∠OAB, ∠OAC, ∠BAC.

Ans: 54°,36°,9°,27°
(17) In the circle, O is the centre, chords AE = AD = DC and ∠ABC = 56°. Find
∠CBD, ∠CBE, ∠BOC, ∠COD.

Ans: 28°, 84°, 68°, 56°

(18) In the circle with centre O, AB = BC and ∠AOC = 140°. Find ∠BOC, ∠OAC,
∠OAB, ∠BAC.

Ans: 70°,20°,55°,35°

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 MENSURATION

(1) The perimeter of a quadrant of a circle is 75 cm. Find its radius.

22
[Take π = ] Ans: 21 cm
7

(2) OPQR is a square inscribed in a quadrant OAQB. Find the shaded area if the
radius of the quadrant is 7 cm.

Ans: 14 cm2
(3) In the given figure, ABCD is a square inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm. Find
the area of the shades region. [Take 𝜋 = 3.14]

Ans: 114 cm2

(4) In the square ABCD, one side is 21 cm. Two semicircle are drawn with AD and
22
BC as diameters. Find the area of the shaded region. [Take π = ]
7

Ans: 567 cm2

(5) The area between two concentric circles is 346.5 cm2. The circumference of
22
the inner circle is 88 cm. Calculate the radius of the outer circle. [Take π = ]
7

Ans: 17.5 cm
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 (6) The sum of circumference of two circles is 88 cm and the difference of their
22
radii is 2 cm. find the radii of the circles. [Take π = ] Ans: 6 cm
7

(7) In ΔABC, AB = BC, ∠ABC = 90°. A semicircle is drawn on diameter AC

and AC = 20 cm . find the area of the figure. [Take 𝜋 = 3.14]

Ans: 257 cm2

(8) A doorway is decorated as shown in the figure. BC, the diameter of the larger
semicircle is 42 cm. O is its centre. The centres of the three equal circumcircle
lie on BC. ΔABC is inscribed in the larger semicircle with AB = AC. Find
the area of the shaded region.

Ans: 483 cm2

(9) AD is a diameter of a circle of radius 12 cm. B and C are points on the diameter
AD such that AB = BC = CD. Semicircle are drawn with AB and BD as diameters
as shown in the figure. find the perimeter and the area of the shaded region.
[Take 𝜋 = 3.14]

Ans: 75.36 cm, 150.72 cm2

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(10) In the figure, ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 14 cm. BC is the diameter
of the semicircle. Find the area and perimeter of the figure.
22
[Take π = ] , [√3 = 1.732]
7

Ans: 161.868 cm2, 50 cm

(11) The area of the shaded region is 308 cm2. AC and BD are two perpendicular
diameters of the circle. Calculate :
(i) the radius of the circle (ii) the perimeter of the shaded region.
22
[Take π = ]
7

Ans: 14 cm, 100 cm

(12) O is the centre of the circle in the given figure. OAB is a triangle in it. If
∠AOB = 90° and OA = 10 cm, find the shaded area. [Take 𝜋 = 3.14]

Ans: 28.5 cm2

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 (13) ABC is an isosceles right-angled triangle with ∠ABC = 90°. A semicircle is drawn
with AC as the diameter. IF AB = BC = 7 cm, find the area of the shaded
22
region. [Take π = ]
7

Ans: 14 cm2
(14) A square is inscribed in a circle. If the area of the shaded region is 224 cm2, calculate
(i) the radius
(ii) area of the square

Ans. (i) 14 cm (ii) 392 cm2

(15) O is the centre of the circle. OR is the diameter of the smaller circle. RO = 7 cm.
Find the area of the shaded region.

Ans. 66.5 cm2

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 SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME OF SOLIDS

(1) The length of the longest rod that can fit in a box is 13 cm. If breadth and height
of the box are 4 cm and 3 cm, find the length. Ans: 12 cm
(2) Some packet of orange juice are placed in a carton 48 cm by 30 cm by 20 cm. how
many packets can be placed in the carton if each packet is 10 cm by 8 cm by 6 cm?
Ans: 60
(3) In a cuboid l : b : h = 4 : 2 : 3. If the total surface area of the cuboid is 832 cm2,
find its dimension. Ans: length = 16 cm, breadth = 8 cm , height = 12 cm
(4) The square on the diagonal of a cube has an area of 192 cm2. calculate the side and
the total surface area of the cube. Ans: 384 cm2
(5) The figure alongside represents the cross-section of a swimming pool 10 m broad,
2 m deep at one end and 3 m deep at the other end. Calculate the volume of water
it will hold when full, given that its length is 40 m.

Ans: 1000 m3
(6) A rectangular container whose base is a square of side 7 cm holds water up to 1 cm
from the top. When a cube is placed in the water and is completely submerged
the water rises to the top and 15 cm3 of water overflows. Calculate the length of
its edge. Ans: 4 cm
(7) A certain quality of wood costs Rs.2500 per m3. A solid cubical block of wood
is bought for Rs. 540. Calculate the volume of the block and find the length of
one edge of the cube. Ans: 0.6 m
(8) Water is discharged from a pipe of cross-section area 2.7 cm2 at the rate of 36 km/h.
Calculate, in litres , the volume of water which flows from the pipe in 1 minute.
Ans: 162 litres

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 (9) The length of a room is double its breadth and height is 3 m. If the area of four walls
is 108 m2, find the volume of the room.
Ans. 216 cm3
(10) A rectangular plot of land measures 41 m in length and 22.5 m in width. A boundary
wall 2 m high is built all around the plot at a distance of 1.5 m from the plot. Find
the inner surface area of the boundary wall.
Ans. 278 m2
(11) (i) In a rectangular solid l : b : h = 4 : 3 : 2. If the total surface are is 1300 cm2, find its
dimensions.
Ans. 20 cm, 15 cm, 10 cm
(ii) In a rectangular solid l : b : h = 5 : 4 : 2. If its volume is 1080 cm3, find the
dimensions of the solid.
Ans. 15 cm, 12 cm, 6 cm
(12) Find the length of a box with b = 16 cm, h = 12 cm, and the length of the longest
rod that fits in the box is 29 cm.
Ans: 21 cm
(13) The internal measurements of a box are 20 cm long, 16 cm wide and 24 cm high.
How many 4 cm, cubes can be put into the box? Ans. 120
(14) A rectangular container with base 8 cm by 5 cm contains some water. When a cube
of edge 4 cm is placed in it the water rises in the container. Find the rise in the water
level.

Ans. 1.6 cm
(15) Three cubes each with 5 cm edge, are joined end to end. Find the total surface area
of the resulting cuboid.

Ans. 350 cm2

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 (16) Three solid metal cubes of sides 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm are melted and formed into
a new cube. Find the side of the new cube.
Ans. 12 cm
(17) A school hall has the dimensions 24 m by 15 m by 6 m. If each child requires 16 m3
of air, how many children can be accommodated in the hall?
Ans. 135

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 TRIGONOMETRY
4 4
(1) If cot Ɵ = 0.75, find sin Ɵ and tan Ɵ . Ans: ,
5 3

(2) In the given figure, ∠B = 90⁰, AB = 9 cm, BC = 12 cm and AD = 41 cm. Using the

figure, write the values of the following:

(i) sin x + cos x (ii) sec y + tan y (iii) 3 tan x + 9 cosec y

Ans: (i)1.4, (ii)1.25, (iii)45

(3) Find sin Ɵ + cos Ɵ and sec 𝛼 + tan 𝛼 in the following figure.

7
Ans: , 4
5

(4) Find (i) sec x + tan x (ii) cos y – sin y

1
Ans: (i) 2 (ii)
29
5 1
(5) If sin Ɵ = , find sec Ɵ + tan Ɵ . Ans: 1
13 2

5 sin Ɵ−3 cos Ɵ 1

(6) If 5 tan Ɵ = 4, find the value of Ans:
5 sin Ɵ+2 cos Ɵ 6

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 (7) Find y if sin(y + 6) = cos 2y if y is acute. Ans: 28°
(8) (i) Find 𝜃 if sin 5 𝜃 = cos 4 𝜃 , 𝜃 is acute. Ans: 10°
4
(ii) Find the value of sin 𝜃 if 3 sin 𝜃 = 4 cos 𝜃. Ans:
5

(9) Evaluate without using trigonometric tables:

sin 37° 2 tan 42° sec 54°
(i) + - Ans: 2
cos 53° cot 48° 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 36°

(ii) tan 12° tan 38° tan 52° tan 60° tan 78° Ans: √3
(iii) cos2 26° + cos 64° sin 26° Ans: 1
(10) Evaluate without using trigonometric tables:
cot 38° sec 25° 3 tan 35°
(i) + - Ans: -1
tan 52° 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 65° cot 55°
3 sin 32° 4 tan 46° 5 sec 62°
(ii) + - Ans: 2
cos 58° cot 44° 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 28°
2 tan 36° 3 cot 38° 2 sec 41°
(iii) + - Ans: 3
cot 54° tan 52° 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 49°
sin 32° cos 58°+cos 32° sin 58°
(iv) Ans: 1
tan 20° tan 70°

(v) cos 44° cosec 46° + tan 30° tan 60°- √2 cos 45°+ tan2 60°
Ans: 4
(11) Evaluate:
3
(cos 0° + cos 45° + sin 30°) (sin 90° – cos 45° + cos 60°) Ans. 1
4

(12) Find 𝜃 in the following, when 𝜃 is acute.

(3 tan² 2 𝜃- 1)(2sin 3 𝜃 - 1) = 0 Ans: 15°
𝐴+𝐵
(13) If 2 sin ( ) = 1 and 2cos (A - B) = √3 . Solve for A and B when A and B are
2

acute. Ans: 45° and 15°

(14) Find the value of :
1
(i)(2cos 0° + sin 45°)(tan 45°- cos 45° + sin 90°) Ans: 3
2
cos 60°
(ii) (4sin 60° + )(4 cos 30° - 2 sin 30°) Ans: 11
sin 30°
1
(iii) 4(sin² 30° + cos² 60°) - 3(cos² 45° - sin² 90°) Ans: 2
2
2 cos 30° tan 60°
(iv) + Ans: 4√3
cos² 45° sin 60° × tan 30°

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 (15) Find the measure of angle Ɵ in the following when Ɵ is acute.

(i) 4 cos² 𝜃 – 3 = 0, show that 4 cos³ 𝜃 - 3 cos 𝜃 = cos 3 𝜃 Ans: 30°

2 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
(ii) 3 tan² 𝜃 = 1 , show that = tan 2 𝜃 Ans: 30°
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛²𝜃

(16) Find 𝜃 if 0°< 𝜃 < 90°.

cos 𝜃 = cos 60° cos 30° + sin 60° sin 30° Ans: 30°

(17) Find the measures of angles A and B in the following , where A and B are acute.
√3 1
sin (A + B) = and cos 2A = Ans: A = B = 30°
2 2

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 SIMPLE 2 – D PROBLEMS IN RIGHT TRIANGLE

(1)In a rhombus ABCD, ∠A =120° and AB = 6 cm. Find the measures of the diagonals

AC and BD.

Ans: 6 cm and 10.392 cm

(2) In the trapezium PQRS, PQ || RS, ∠R = 30°, ∠S = 60°. If PQ = 4 cm, QR = 6 cm,

find the height of the trapezium and length of SR.

Ans: 4 cm and 3 cm, 10.928 cm

(3) In ΔABC, AD ⊥ BC, AB = 48 cm and AD = 24 cm. Find :
(i) angle x (ii) CD and AC

Ans: (i) 30° (ii) 8√3 cm , 16√3 cm

(4) Find the area of ΔABC, ∠ABC = 120°, AB = 7 cm and BC = 6 cm.

Ans: 18.186 cm2

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 (5) Find the area of rhombus ABCD in which AB = 6 cm and ∠ABC = 60°.

Ans: 18√3 cm2

(6) In the given parallelogram ABCD, AB = 10 cm, BC = 15 cm and ∠ABC = 30°.
Find the area of ABCD.

Ans: 75 cm2
(7) In ΔABC, AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and ∠ABC = 150°. Find the area of ΔABC.

Ans: 12 cm2
(8) A ladder makes an angle of 60° with the floor and its lower end is 2 m from the
wall. What is the length of the ladder? At what height is it touching the wall?
Ans: 4 m, 2√3 cm
(9) A boy is flying a kite at a height of 40 m from the ground, attached to a string

inclined at 30° to the horizontal. Find the length of the string.

Ans: 80 m

(10) In ΔABC, BD ⊥ AC. ∠A = 45°, ∠C = 30° and BC = 20 cm. find the length of
(i) BD and (ii) AB.

Ans: (i) 10 cm (ii) 10√2 cm

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