UTILIZATION OF BANANA PEELS AS A MATERIAL FOR MAKING PAPER

A Research Study Proposal presented

To The junior high school department

Of Sta. Rosa high school

Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu, Philippines

In partial fulfillment of

the requirements for research subject in

Junior high school

By

Francel Mae Aparri

Kaye Hazeneth Andales

Jasmine Barong

Mary Cris Aparri

Mary Excelces Barong

OCTOBER 2022

Research Teacher:
 SHERRY MAE J. MATA

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the study

Paper is one of the major material used nowadays in schools, houses, etc. Paper is

a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing

cellulose fibers derived from woods. From 210, the global consumption of pulp

and paper is expected to double. The same will the amount of paper waste. An

increased paper production will also add further to the pressure on the world’s

forests that are already in a critical state. It is versatile material with many uses,

including printing, painting, designing, decorating and writing. In the case of

paper, it is also involves cutting down trees. Paper waste is a serve problem in

many industries because of printing mistakes, junk mails, billings, and packaging.

Paper accounts for around 26% of landfill waste and 33% of municipal waste.

With all the paper waste each year, it can build up a 12 foot high wall of paper

from New York to California. Paper wastes are often burned, causing air pollution,

and some of the chemicals contained in these products may damage the

environment. Deforestation is one of the main environmental problems we are

facing in these time, 42% of all global wood harvest is used to make paper. It is
 primary effect of our mindless use of paper. Paper consumption in the United

States for the last 20 years has increased from 92 million tons to 205 million, a

growth of 126%. The average person in the United States consumed much paper

as 6 people combined in Asia in the last decade. The United States uses

approximately 68 million trees each year to produce paper and paper products.

Bananas have been grown as crops for thousand years. Parts of the bananas are

used for low levels of potassium in the blood, constipation, and diarrhea. Banana

contains chemicals and sugars. Some of these act like fiber, which can help to

regulate the gastrointestinal system. Banana trees live for about six years, but

each stem only lives long enough to produce fruit. Bananas are the most popular

fruit in the world. This may be a little bit surprising, since they are a tropical fruit

that does not grow in most places. They do not grow in most of United States,

but the average American eats 26 pounds of bananas each year. Based on 2016

export figures, the global banana industries generates around 8 billion per year.

Also, over100 billion bananas are eaten each year around the world, which means

that around 247 million bananas are eaten each day. 100 There are more than

1,000 varieties of bananas produced and consumed locally in the world. Virtually

all bananas supplied to the United States and European markets. Bananas are

predominantly produced in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. The biggest producer

are India, which produced 29 million tons per year on average between 210 and

2017, and china at 11 million tons. Banana production costs include mainly labor

costs, fertilizer expenses, and cost for pesticide use. Bananas are incredibly
healthy, convenient , delicious and one of the most inexpensive fresh fruit you can

buy and also can grow on your yard.

A banana peel is the outer covering of the banana fruit. Banana peels are used as

food for animals, an ingredients in cooking, in water purification, for

manufacturing. The peels of banana take up to 2 years to biodegrade. Most of the

waste product from banana consumption comes from the peel, which makes up

30% to 40% of weight, resulting in approximately 3.5 million tons of banana pee

l waste per year. Banana peel can be as raw material used in making paper

because of its high concentration on cellulose. It can be used as artwork paper as

well as it can be used as a wrapping material. It was find out that paper from

banana peels having much more advantage compared to the standard wood.

Banana peels paper contains more fiber thanks to its parchments. It is also

features more cellulose less amount of lignin and is 300 times stronger than the

used wood paper.

Philippines in recent years has been in the top five banana exporters in the world,

and the top ten in production, exporting around 3.5 million tons of bananas

annually . The Philippines major agricultural products including the bananas. The

Philippines consists of 7,640 islands, about 200 in which an inhabited. In 2018,

84% of bananas were produced on the island of Mindanao, with Davao Region,

Northern Mindanao. The banana is one of the most important fruit crops of the

Philippines. It is important both as a source of local and international revenues for

farmers, and an important component of the daily diet of all monocrops. There
 are four main types of bananas grown widely in the Philippines. The most

common banana in the Philippines is Lakatan (lacatan), are diploid banana from

the Philippines.

The Philippines, a country of many islands, is the home of Ganapi and Abaca and

it is with these two special fibers that all traditional paper is made in the Sarcee

paper mills of the country. In just twenty eight years after the arrival of the

Spaniards, Father Domingo de Neiva built the first printing press in the

Philippines. Hand paper making got quite a late start in the Philippines, artists and

manufacturers in the Philippines have been experimenting with the abundance of

natural materials on the islands that are fibrous enough to make good paper.

Hand paper making in the Philippines have found it difficult to piece together

because there are only scantiest written records of that era.

San Vicente is located here in Olango Island. San Vicente is a great place to go, it

has many fun places to visit. Some people that live here in San Vicente loves to

plant different kinds of vegetables, and fruits, especially bananas. The banana

fruit when ripe is eaten, living behind the banana peel. The study was made to

make paper out of banana peel, to reduce waste as well as the cutting down

trees. Reducing waste is good for reducing environmental problem. Reducing

your paper consumption will mitigate (reduce) the impacts of climate change by

lowering the greenhouse gas emissions generated by processing pulp into paper.
 THE PROBLEM

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This research study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of banana peels

as an alternative source of artwork paper. The result of this study will be a basis

to a proposed science investigate project.

Specifically, it will answer the following question:

1). What main component on banana peels make it a best alternative for an

artwork paper?

2). What will happen to the paper if it undergoes use ability tests?

A. Used with watercolor.

B. Used with crayons.

C. Used with pentel pen.

D. Used withy pastel color.

3). Is the product effective under all kinds of artwork?

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

STUDENT: The result of this study will help the students use an alternative

material in making artwork, sketching and journals. It would also be beneficial to

them because it is less expensive than other special paper.

Parent : The result of this study can help parents in providing low-cost paper For

their children’s artwork thus saving money.

Community: The results of this study will help community because this product is

an eco-friendly, Biodegradable and low-cost paper.

Future researchers: The results of this study aims to benefit future researchers.

This study also can help the future researchers.

 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

SCOPE:

This study is focused mainly on the use of banana peelings in the production of

paper. This insights and valuable information from this study would help people in

the locality to make paper out of littered banana peel in their houses and it also

reduce the waste in the community.

The research is designed to motivate them and help them to conduct further

researchers in line with this study. This study also aims of using the banana peel

to lessen the cutting of trees in the locality, and reduce the waste scattered in the

community.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Bananas are the most beloved fruit in the world. People eat them for breakfast,

midnight snacks, and dessert. People consumed more bananas than apples and

oranges combined, a 28 pounds ( or roughly 50 bananas ) per person every year.

Bananas can be found in nearly every grocery, convenience, and stones, we rarely

think about what it takes to get those bananas to the shelf. The strong of bananas

evolution takes as around the world and back again. Banana is not unusual place

call for its base out plant life of the Genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. It

turned into discover that paper from banana peels is having a lot extra blessing in

comparison, the same old timber primarily based totally paper. Banana peels

paper carriers a great deal fiber way to its parchments. Its additionally functions

extra cellulose, much less quantity of lignin and is three hundred instance
 stronger

than regular wood paper. Banana peels are additionally clean to locate and

banana trees also can grow faster. Hence, one million tonnes of banana peels can

generate a hundred thousand tonnes of paper, giving us extra clean manner to

benefit reassess of paper making. Banana is one of the oldest cultivated flower.

They are local to tropical South and Southeast Asia, and are probably to had been

first domesticated in Papua New Guinea. They are cultivated in the course of

tropics. They are grown in as a minimum 107 countries, normally for its starch,

they are available a lot of sizes and color when ripe, consisting of yellow, red,

green. Banana plant has lengthy been supply of fiber for excessive first class

textiles. It is used with inside the manufacturing of banana paper. Using banana

for making special paper is good for our environment. ( Maria Kielmas, August

2011). It said that by using the banana peel a renewable fiber source, the

sustainable process does not contribute to the destruction of the natural forests.

As the banana tree is readily available all year around, the renewable and the

abundant raw materials is really appropriate alternative fiber to the forest wood.

In the process of making the banana peel into paper, the process also does no
 longer contribute to the destruction of the forest and it is really can be an

alternative resource of paper. In cutting the bananas off the tree fruit, which

reduces its acidity. After the bananas are harvested by hand, they are allowed to

naturally riper. The paper making system process is complex and has far achieving

environmental effect similarly than the easy paper manufacturing manner, which

itself is toxic aid intensive, and make use of chemical compounds, and pollution

that generates essential futures problem and environmental degradation.

Banana papers is an environmentally aware paper. Banana paper able to save an

immoderate pollutants of the rivers, and forests and the eco system.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

BANANA
INPUT
PEEL

PROCESS COOKING

OUTPUT

PAPER

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are defined for better understanding:

 Agriculture: Agricultural waste has gained more attention from scientists in

recent years and instead of being treated as an unimportant waste, it is now

fascinating to investigate and exploit. Researchers have been interested in

banana peels because of their bioactive chemical components, on this review

article on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of banana peels that can be

used for pharmaceutical purposes in treating various diseases as well as good

sources of natural antioxidants.

Banana peel: A banana peel, called banana skin in British English, is the outer

covering of the banana fruit. Banana peels are used as food for animals, an

ingredient in cooking, in water purification, for manufacturing of several

biochemical products as well as for jokes and comical situations.

REFERENCES
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper
https://www.fao.org/3/ae216e/ae216e07.htm

https://pdfcoffee.com/chapter-ii-review-of-related-literature-6-pdf-free.html

https://paperap.com/paper-on-essay-banana-peel-paper/

https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Literature-Review-Of-Related-Literature-About-
Banana-PJRFAZ7GBG

CHAPTER. III
MATERIALS:
5 banana peel
Blender
Container/cup of container
Butane stove
Scissor
230 ml water
Spoon
Cooking pot/pot cauldron
Strainer
Used or old paper

COLLECTION:
The researcher get/collected the banana peels from the store in the
school. Sometimes they get it from their own homes.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Prepare all the ingredients and materials needed.
Step 2: slice or cut the banana peels into small pieces.
Step 3: put the banana peels with 230 ml of water on the cooking pot
And let it boil for 10 minutes.
Step 4: strain the banana peels to remove the excess water.
Step 5: cut the used or old paper
Step 6: mix the coloring into the water
Step 7: put the banana peels into the blender with 230 ml of colored
 water and the used paper
Step 8: blend the banana peels with it get thick.
Step 9: after blending the banana peels put it into a container.
Step 10: get tour deckle and mold it
Step 11: transfer it into the cloth and press the other cloth into the side
firmly to soak up all the excess water.
Step 12: put the paper outside to dry in the sun

METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

Prepare the ingredients and materials

Cooking the banana peels

Blending the banana peels and used paper

Putting the blended peels and paper a molder/deckle

Drying the paper under the sun

Let the paper dry

CHAPTER IV
 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This shows the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the data gathered this
part you will determine the percentage of how the researcher’s product is
effective upon using.

TABLE 1: EXPIREMENT TRIALS OF THE BANANA PAPER

Trial no. Banana peel Water Flour Remarks

1 3 peels ½ cup 3 tbsp. The mixture is not

sticky enough and
when it dries it’s
thin.
2 3 peels 1 cup 4 tbsp. The mixture is
also not sticky
enough
3 5 peels 230 ml 11 grams The mixture is
now thick and
sticky.

DISCUSSION:
In trial no.1, The mixture is not sticky enough. The result is too thin when it dries
out come up that it is very crumbly and easy to break. In trial no.2, the mixture
was the same as the first trial no.1, because it is also not sticky enough. In trial
no.3, the mixture is now sticky enough the result to no.3 was now thick when it
dries out, but also the product is not durable.

TABLE 2: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BANANA PAPER AND A TREND PAPER

 Kind of paper tire Environmental effect
Trend paper Trend paper is not an
eco-friendly, because
it’s made out of
Banana paper 2 day The banana paper is
an eco-friendly and
also a budget friendly.

DISCUSSION:

Banana paper come from banana peels, though the tire from is not
incredibly fast due to not haring machine, but the banana paper is an
eco-friendly because it came from banana peels, also the material used
are easily to be found. On other hand it tool a qute time to finish, but

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

FINDINGS:

The banana paper has a unique texture on it. The materials used to create the
product compacted nicely. But the banana paper could still improve in the future.
Example, the banana peel paper could be more durable and not going to be rough
and to better overall result. The eco-friendly paper is better than the trend paper,
since the banana paper could not have any damage in the environment. The eco-
friendly paper could have contribute to the community for lessening the cutting of
woods and the paper wastes.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND DETERMINATION

This chapter presents the summarized collected data, the conclusion and the
recommendation of the research study.

SUMMARY:

The research idea was to make paper out of the banana peels, paper wastes are
everywhere, and the purposed idea reprocessing the peels into eco-friendly paper
have come up to lessen the paper wastes scattered everywhere. Banana peels was
collected, and it was make into a paper. The trend paper has many wastes, while
the banana paper is made out of peels.

RECOMMENDATION:

The investigation will review the way on making a paper in banana peels, eco-
friendly, cheap and safe. But it can also have better in use because it is very easy
to make and the materials that is being used was very easy to find. Banana paper
made with the proper equipment and produces that could lead to better results.

CONCLUSION:

The banana paper is expected to be durable and not rough, it is not also light
because of the peels, by that the banana paper is cheaper because it is done with
the cheap materials and it is very easy to make and can create on own home. The
product will play a big role in the community because it uses a banana peels and
turning into a useful material, such as a eco-friendly paper