SUMMATIVE EXAM

1. The city that is known as Special Science and Nature City of the Philippines.
A. Lucban, Quezon
B. Baguio City, Benguet
C. Los Baños, Laguna
D. El Nido, Palawan

2. What is the simple logic for the implementation of the planned parenthood program to control
population growth?
A. Less mouth to feed
B. No to sex liberation
C. End the baby boom
D. One child only

3. Which of the following is correct about APEC?

A. It stands for Asia Pacific Economic Corporation
B. It is meant to facilitate trade among Europe, the Islands in the Pacific, and Asia.
C. It is meant to facilitate trade among North America, Oceania, and Asia.
D. The Philippines become a member in 2001.

4. The following are basic economic problems, except ________

A. What to produce?
B. How to produce?
C. Who will produce?
D. Who will get what is produced?

5. The first scientific school of economics which believes that the wealth of nations was derived
solely from the value of agriculture.
A. Physiocrat
B. Mercantilism
C. Capitalism
D. Socialism

6. Romana is working as one of the factory seamstresses. Based on from the principles of Karl
Mark, from which class Romana belongs?
A. Proletariat
B. Slaves
C. Capitalist
D. Servant

7. Meralco is the sole distributor of electricity in in the NCR. The following are true from the
given situation but not to include _____.
A. It is known as monopoly where there is a competition
B. Meralco have the power to control the price
C. Consumer must conform to the price
D. End-users can’t easily switch to another company

8. Which of the following is the best definition of opportunity costs?

A. The amount of one good that must be given up in order to produce one more unit of another
good
B. The amount of money that must be paid in order to purchase one more unit of a good.
C. The amount of an input that must be used in order to produce one more unit of a good.
D. The price of a good that must be charged in order for a merchant to sell one more unit.

Ratio: Opportunity cost is the value of anything that is given up in choosing the next best
alternative.

9. What economic resources pertains to all the natural resources found above or below the soil
that could include lands used for agricultural and industrial purposes?
A. land resources
B. labor resources
C. capital
D. entrepreneurial abilities

10. In an economy, when all economic decisions are done without government intervention,
competition served as determinant to identify the needs of the society and competition will
determine who will survive in the market, what economic system will likely be in effect in that
economy?
A. mixed economy
B. socialism
C. communism
D. capitalism

11. Bicol Buko Pie generates big amount of income by selling their products in Europe where
they have a branch employing many Filipinos; the total value of final goods and services will be
under_______
A. gross domestic product
B. gross national product
C. gross national income
D. national production

12. What is the significance of GDP?

A. It gives an indication of how successfully society is addressing the scarcity problem
B. Because it shows how much the total output of a country helps in economic growth
C. Because it helps economists look at the performance of the different sectors of society
D. All of the above

13. The price of a coffee increases therefore it is expected that…

I. The demand for substitute product will increase
II. The supply of coffee will rise
III. The demand for coffee will decrease
IV. The supply of coffee will drop

A. I, II, IV
B. II, III, IV
C. I, II, III
D. I, III, IV

14. You have a property worth P500,000. The tax is 1% he pays P5000. If his property is worth
P1,000,000 he pays P10,000. Which does this illustrate?
A. Proportional taxation
B. Equity in taxation
C. Uniformity in taxation
D. Progressive taxation

15. Which of the following statements about producers is false?

A. Households produce many goods and services for themselves.
B. People set up some producers who do not aim to make profits.
C. All the goods and services consumed in any country are produced by its own producers.
D. Governments arrange the production of some goods and services.

16. What does the phrase "final goods and services" refer to?
A. Identical to what is meant by intermediary commodities and services.
B. All products and services other from those that are sold secondhand.
C. Similar with the term consumer goods and services.
D. Goods and services which are finished as far as the economy is concerned.
17. People might buy a certain type of cake for a while. Soon, they may buy less and choose
another type of cake or buy breads instead. This is a result of:
A. Diminishing marginal utility
B. Increasing cost
C. Supply and demand
D. Diminishing marginal returns

18. A group of companies in an industry that get a monopoly of goods or resources in a specific
market or sector?
A. Cartel
B. Command economy
C. Collusion
D. Network

19. A small group of people having control in the market. It possesses sufficient political power to
promote its own interests.
A. Command Economy
B. Oligarchy
C. Monopoly
D. Market economy

20. An economic system in which private actors own and control property in accord with their
interests, and demand and supply freely set prices in markets
A Communism
B. Socialism
C. Capitalism
D. Feudalism

21. What attributes a successful business plan for an enterprise?

A. It should be based on the current data and industry outlook.
B. It ought to be based on trial and error.
C. It ought to be redundant with goods or services already offered in the market.
D. It ought to be used in various settings.

22. Which of the various economic sectors is commonly acknowledged in democratic capitalist
countries as being the one that drives the nation's expansion, productivity, and development?
A. Finance institution
B. Private sectors
C. Government sectors
D. Non-government organizations

23. What is the term used in a process where goods or services are traded across computer
networks or internet?
A. Digital taxation
B. Online transaction
C. Express credit
D. E-commerce

24. What is a deliberate deception used by advertisers when they say, "the thousands who have
chosen to switch to the better network".
A. Circular thinking
B. Bandwagon
C. Personal attack
D. Falsehood or the big lie
25. A downward trend in the business cycle characterized by a decline in production and
employment, which in turn causes the incomes and spending of households to decline.
A. Recession
B. Depression
C. Devaluation
D. Legal Tender

26. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The main focus of microeconomics is the economy as a whole.
B. The focus of macroeconomics is mostly on individual markets.
C. Market pricing are not influenced by governments.
D. When economists study the price in a market, their chief aims are to understand why the
price is what it is and why it may change.

27. What pertains to the pattern of coercive and assaultive actions used by adults or
adolescents against their intimate relationships, such as physical, sexual, and psychological
assaults as well as pecuniary coercion?
A. Sexual harassment
B. Sexual discrimination
C. Sexual trafficking
D. Domestic violence

28. How do we distinguish between the modern and current periods?

A. The structure. The modern era comprises a complex structure, while the contemporary era
entails a simple structure.
B. The time. The modern era has passed already, while the contemporary era depicts the
present and future.
C. The system. The modern era is an advent of advanced technology, while the contemporary
era is delved into a manual system of economy.
D. The people. The modern era has populated society while the contemporary era is densely
populated.

29. Do you think that the US's extensive political, economic, and cultural influence over
numerous countries, including the Philippines, qualifies it as a neo-colonial and imperialist
state?
A. Yes. The US has colonies such as Guam and Puerto Rico
B. No, this relationship is a product of liberal and progressive.
C. Yes, the US is an Imperial power.
D. Yes, the US dominates political affairs.

30. The urgent issue that led to abortion becoming legal in America.
A. Increased risk of institutionalized brutality and torture
B. Increase mortality and health complications in women
C. It fits in with society's egalitarianism.
D. Criminalization of abortion does not stop women from getting one.

31. When discussing the research process, which comes first?

A. Selecting Research Tools
B. Defining Terms and Concepts
C. Identifying the Problem
D. Collecting Data

32. The style of interview that permits a conversation on a question to flow naturally.
A. Structured
B. In-depth
C. Correlation
D. Open-ended
33. The following are the prior name of our country, which among them appeared in the
legendary Ramusio-Gastaldi Map
A. Ma-yi
B. Minolas
C. Filipina
D. Archipelago de San Lazaro

34. Cagayan River also known as Rio Grande is the longest river in the Philippines. While the
longest river in the world is known as _______
A. Huang Ho
B. Yangtze
C. Nile
D. Congo

35. The very first ancient people to use iron in weapons and equipment:
A. Persians
C. Hebrews
B. Hittites
D. Greeks

36. Who is a well-known Chinese thinker whose socio-political philosophy spread into parts of
East Asia.
A. Marco Polo
C. Genghis Khan
B. Lao Tzu
D. Confucius

37. Why did Han emperors institute the civil service exam?
A. to find the most qualified officials
B. to give special privileges to the sons of nobles
C. to give peasants a chance to serve their government
D. to discourage applicants from civil service jobs

38. When Christopher Columbus arrived in this place in 1492, he thought he had reached India.
He therefore called the people he found there Indians.
A. The America
C. Cape of Good Hope
B. “New World”
D. India

39. What element of the state refers to its supreme power?

A. People
B. Sovereignty
C. Territory
D. Government

40. The current Chief Justice of the Philippines.

A. Alexander Gesmundo
B. Lord Allan Velasco
C. Ferdinand Martin Romualdez
D. Juan Miguel Zubiri

41. Which economic system is otherwise known as free enterprise?

A. Capitalism
B. Communism
C. Mixed economics
D. Totalitarianism
42. The following are among the elements to gauge a country's economic growth EXCEPT
______.
A. national income
B. gross national product
C. population growth
D. gross domestic investment

43. The political empowerment of women is one of the most important themes currently. What are
signs of the political empowerment of women?
I. A general law called the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act has been passed.
II. More women are achieving accolades and recognition compared from men
III. There are increasingly more women being elected to various posts.
IV. Women and gender issues are on the key development agenda at international summits and
conferences.
A. I, II, III
B. II, III, IV
C. I, III, IV
D. I, II, IV

44. Economically speaking, which is a glorious period?

A. Stability
B. Boom
C. Depression
D. Recession

45. Which is a tentative answer to a research problem?

A. Theoretical Framework
B. Conclusion
C. Recommendation
D. Hypothesis

46. For privileged communication, the researcher keeps _________ of respondents under
secrecy or anonymity.
A. data
B. answers
C. names
D. evidence

47. Participants may be willing to be interviewed but there should the right of ________ need to
be ensured by telling them the nature of a specific research.
A. non-coercion
B. privacy
C. informed consent
D. protection from harm

48. What is NOT related to ethical conduct in research?

A. Respect for confidentiality
B. Limitation in research scope
C. Voluntary participation be respondents
D. Security of participants

49. What should the researcher do when he/she is not clear yet familiar with the subject?
A. Set assumptions
B. Explore the topic
C. Chronicle activities
D. Draw up hypothesis
50. Which variable do you manipulate when doing research?
A. Moderator
B. Independent
C. Dependent
D. Extraneous

51. In which part of the research do you find the answers to the research problems?
A. Recommendation
B. Conclusion
C. Hypothesis
D. Theoretical Framework

52. According to a survey conducted in Asia, Filipinos are the happiest people. Japanese people
are wealthy but they are the most miserable. We Filipinos don't have money, but we do have a
smile, a hug, a song, laughing, and the joy of living. What does this demonstrate?
A. The lack of concern for material wealth among Filipinos.
B. That people from the Philippines are joyful and upbeat.
C. That the Filipinos are rich in the treasures of the spirit.
D. That Filipinos lead a healthy, happy life.

53. The Spaniards put the Church in the middle of towns…

A. To show the power of the church.
B. To make life more religious for the natives.
C. To make Christ the center of the natives’ life.
D. To make the natives believe in the Christian God.

54. Which is NOT TRUE about the colonization of the Philippines?

A. The Philippines was conquered through religion.
B. The Philippines was conquered through force.
C. The Philippines was conquered through a stagnant approach.
D. The Philippines was conquered using the strategy of divide and conquer.

55. Which form of government did the Philippines have under 1935 constitution?
A. Parliamentary
B. Federal
C. Military
D. Commonwealth

56. Which of the following are characteristics of capitalism EXCEPT?

A. Government ownership
B. Profit driven
C. Laissez-faire
D. Pure competition

57. What doctrine states that a group of islands near should be treated as one unit?
A. Archipelagic doctrine
B. Territorial Sea doctrine
C. Island doctrine
D. Continental doctrine

58. Which among these statements is TRUE about the territory of the state?
A. It involves the terrestrial and fluvial aspects of the state.
B. It involves all the islands within the state.
C. It involves all possible territories that can be claimed by the state.
D. It involves the terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial aspects of the state.

59. What will you identify as the main, if not the only preoccupation of consumers in a direct
appropriation economy that satisfies basic needs?
A. Demand for security
B. Quest for food
C. Desire for leisure
D. Fondness for travel
60. In the example of macroeconomics which of the following will you consider as not relevant?
A. Changing levels of prices
B. Impact of inflation
C total output of the goods and services
D. Tax level on selected leisure outlets

61. When the price of a product rises, consumers may replace it with an alternative; chicken
instead of beef.
A. Sunk Cost
B. Substitution effect
C. Quota
D. Alternative

62. Rica married a foreigner and lived with him in another country. They now share together the
recipes they have from both of their countries. This blending and merging of cultural traits is
called _____.
A. Arbitration
B. Accumulation
C. Accommodation
D. Assimilation

63. It is a celebration that takes place in Camarines Sur and features water parades.
A. Peñafrancia Fluvial Festival
B. Ati-atihan Festival
C. Kadayawan Festival
D. Kansilay Festival

64. Involves at least two people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground while
one or more dancers step over and in between the poles in a dance imitating tikling birds
dodging the traps set by farmers
A. Cariñosa
B. Tinikling
C. Kuratsa
D. Pandango sa Ilaw

65. According to recent history education research, the teacher is still the most essential
resource in any classroom. Which of the following advice is most in line with this study's
findings?
A. Teachers should use a variety of activities, such as small group discussions where students
can express their opinions.
B. The improvement of teachers' knowledge and abilities should be a priority for teacher
education programs.
C. There is a need to place a premium on teachers' knowledge of and ability to deploy
resources that enable them to realize their classroom aims and aspirations.
D. Teachers must be persistent in helping students cultivate historical thinking.

66. How may congressional hearings be a methodical approach to social legislation?

A. Seeking new approaches from the public
B. Allowing citizens to examine issues
C. Defining provisions of laws
D. Scrutinizing news articles

67. Diversity among students helps foster peace in the classroom. What does this mean for the
process of teaching and learning?
A. More than just theory may be taught in a lecture by the instructor. They can turn the classroom
into a location where the public may attend and engage.
B. Diverse pupils can be encouraged to communicate and collaborate through student-centered
teaching techniques. Participate in a cooperative or team learning process by working together.
C. The classroom is an unusual marketplace of ideas where students might be given the chance
to access peers' points of view.
D. As they see how others vary, encourage the pupils to concentrate on their awareness of
themselves.

68. The significant causes of the weak internalization of desired values is ________
A. Lack of role models among those who should be the best representatives of these principles
B. use of methods that are more cognitive than effective
C. inadequate follow-up procedures from one grade level to the next
D. minimum level of praise and recognition for instructors

69. The brain benefits from simulation. Which course of action makes sense in this situation?
A. Teenagers should not be given difficult tasks since they easily become demotivated.
B. Children should be given toys they can manipulate to play with.
C. Early retirement will spare you the burden of labor.
D. Teach your child to blindly follow instructions.

70. Rizal opposed the Katipunan's proposed revolution for this reason
A. Unpreparedness of the Katipuneros for an armed struggle.
B. Filipinos with riches are willing to support the fight.
C. lack of a military strategist to oversee the KKK's military efforts.
D. Rizal does not want the Philippines to be an independent country; simply a colony

71. Which of the subsequent violates the Constitution?

A. a rule requiring personal ID before attending school.
B. a rule preventing professionals from working abroad.
C. a road regulation that forbids some vehicles from traveling on a specific day.
D. a court's order restricts a person's option for residence.

72. Which policy is implemented by the Constitution to ensure that the public is provided with
accountability and openness in relation to government transactions affecting matters of public
interest?
A. Balanced and healthful ecology
B. Rural development and agrarian reform
C. Full public disclosure
D. Private enterprise and incentives to needed investment

73. Which was the outcome of the mercantilism concept, which served as the foundation for
economic policy during the Spanish colonial period?
A. Sequestration of the Philippines for its raw materials that should flow only to Spain.
B. Purchasing raw supplies from the governments of the UK, the Netherlands, and Portugal.
C. Raw materials from the Philippines were sold to the governments of the British, Dutch, and
Portuguese.
D. Other than Spain, there is a flow of manufactured goods entering the Philippines.

74. There are alternative energy sources that can be used to mitigate negative effects on the
economy, but ________ is NOT one of them.
A. wind-turbines
B. geo-thermal
C. fossil fuel
D. Solar panels

75. How might social research benefit corporate and government policymakers?
A. Orient policy toward reducing poverty
B. Provide data for social policies
C. Increase professional leadership
D. Increasing social awareness across sectors

76. According to a survey by the Foundation for Economic Freedom, the Philippines has the
lowest foreign direct investments (FDIs) in the ASEAN. Which clause of the Constitution is
Congress planning to change?
A. A welcoming attitude toward the exploitation of natural resources
B. Consumption-driven economic expansion
C. Restrictions on foreign ownership and investments
D. Limitations on international competitiveness
77.According to the Engel theory, "the percentage of income spent on non-food items also
increases as income increases." On which sector would this rule not apply to?
A. Entrepreneurs
B. Middle Class
C. Unemployed
D. Corporate executives

78. Which statement is true regarding the Katipunan?

A. Its political objective was the assimilation of the Philippines by Spain.
B. It was founded by Bonifacio upon receiving the news that Rizal would be deported to Dapitan.
C. Its aim was merely to introduce reforms in the country.
D. Its members belonged to the middle class only

79. What role does the instructor play in ensuring that students receive a high-quality education?
A. Be responsible for informing parents about students' performance.
B. Be responsible for informing stakeholders and the school's head on students' performance.
C. Be responsible for grading students' performance.
D. Be responsible for the successful completion of the stated learning objectives and results.
80. Which of the following claims regarding a marker economy is TRUE?
A. Taxes aid in the cost and benefit communication between producers and consumers through
price.
B. Central planners could direct production more effectively than markets if they had access to
a powerful computer.
C. Market participants act as if guided by an invisible hand to produce outcomes that maximize
social welfare.
D. A market system's strength is its propensity to evenly allocate resources among consumers.

81. What transpires in the cooperative system when compared to the capitalist one where "to the
strongest goes the spoil"?
A. All benefits are shared to the members proportionate to the shared capital.
B. Goods are distributed among the members.
C. Members receive goods, while elected and appointed officials receive more as payment for
their services.
D. Although goods are divided to the members, the policy-making body mostly benefits.
82. A teacher "has the right and duty to determine the academic marks and the promotion of
learners," according to the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers. In light of the aforementioned
right as stipulated by the Education Act of 1982, what responsibility does the instructor have?
A. Avoid deducting points from students' grades for behavior that is not indicative of poor
scholarship.
B. Avoid discriminating high and low performers in the classes he or she is in charge of.
C. Avoid using corporal punishment and make it the basis for academic grade reductions.
D. Avoid dividing students into fast and slow learners to make rating them easier.

83. Until proven guilty, the subject is presumed innocent, hence the burden of proof lies with the
prosecution. Both parties may appeal the decision to a higher court for reconsideration even after
a verdict has been rendered in the case. Why are judicial rulings appealable?
A. so that mistakes can be corrected if they are made
B. to allow time for both sides to craft stronger arguments
C. to hinder the effective operation of the justice system
D. to increase the number of individuals who can hear the case

84. Which government program supports the phrase "The State shall protect and promote the
right of all citizens to quality education at all levels"?
A. Exclusion of children with special needs from the formal system
B. Free elementary and secondary education
C. Deregulated and secondary education
D. Re-introduction of the NEAT and NSAT

85. The impeachment processes that took place in December 2000 and January 2001 were
beneficial to the Filipinos in what way?
A. Recognize the judge's observations
B. Dislike administration trails
C. Respect the democratic system of government
D. Pay attention to the dialogue

86. What distinguishes evaluation from assessment?

A. Evaluation is value judgment of the quality of performance, assessment is the process of
collecting, synthesizing and interpreting information to aid in decision making.
B. Evaluation is the process of comparing assessment data to a set of standards in order to
enhance instruction.
C. Evaluation lacks a scoring guide, whereas assessment needs one.
D. Evaluation uses conventional tools, while Assessment employs real instruments.

87. What can be done to stop the imprisonment of children alongside adult inmates?
A. juvenile and adult cells separation
B. years of juvenile detention as a lesson
C. alternative educational approach in prisons
D. Improve the juvenile justice system

88. What challenging question did instructor Ana use to get her sociocultural class thinking
critically?
A. Was the killing of Ninoy related to People Power?
B. What happened to kill Ninoy Aquino?
C. How do you feel about Ninoy Aquino's death on the tarmac of the airport?
D. Where did Ninoy Aquino spent his years in exile?

89. A human rights principle known as the ______ principle states that no Filipino's rights may be
revoked, mortgaged, or abandoned.
A. Indivisible
B. Interdependence
C. Inalienable
D. Universal

90. The following occur during a recession or a depression, EXCEPT ________.

A. People cherish their work.
B. Businesses make more money.
C. Lower overall spending
D. Production decreases

91. Which is untrue in light of the current birth control debate?

A. Population can be taught.
B. The Philippine population is not high.
C. Farm productivity requires a lot of labor.
D. Pregnancy is prevented by contraceptives.

92. Non-economic needs and wants center on the problem of _________.

A. inadequate employment
B. increased cost of goods
C. societal position of women
D. decreasing family income

93. These pieces of evidence refute the idea that Filipinos are idle or lazy, With the exception of
_______
A. Working until morning
B. indulgences in electronic devices and toys
C. Scavengers retrieve scrap from landfills.
D. OFWs sacrifice their family lives to work abroad.

94. Which paradox claimed that the fact that tap water is a very useful commodity yet is less
expensive than diamonds refutes the idea that a good's value is determined by how useful it is?
A. diamond–water
B. useful-not useful
C. price-priceless
D. liquid-solid
95. Teacher Risa wants her students to have an understanding of the evolution of human life from
earlier times to the present. What strategy from the list below is best for Teacher Risa to use?
A. The teacher should use open-ended questions that encourage students to make judgments on
their own.
B. The teacher needs to provide learning activities where students will have intriguing encounters
with the subjective experience of people in the past and opportunity to speculate how people
made meaning of that experience through their own temporal lenses.
C. The teacher can make use of popular stories.
D. The teacher should employ when-based questions, questions that deal with beginnings and
endings, questions that deal with labels or time periods, and questions that deal with change's
speed or type.

96. What could be a useful endeavor as an application of Robert Merton's contention that before
being married, spouses should be honest about concealed functions like parenting
responsibilities.
A. Interdict civil unions
B. Accept trial marriages
C. Legalize divorce
D. Include a lesson on marital duties in sex education

97. What should permit more U.S. a military presence in the Philippines?
A. Visitor Agreement with American Forces
B. Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement
C. US-Philippines Agreement
D. Subic Base Agreement

98. How do historians discover the truth about earlier periods in man's history?
A. Investigating tradition
B. interviewing individuals
C. Seeking for recorded evidence
D. watching historical movies

99. According to a study by the International Labor Organization, households headed by women
are more susceptible to poverty. The following reasons account for this EXCEPT ________.
A. Women must balance this household and earning a wage.
B. Women have limited employment options and a limited set of technical abilities.
C. Women are less strong
D. Women have less access to land, money, and technology.

100. The ______ is used to gauge a country's economic growth rate.

I. its wealth of natural resources
II. the existence of discoveries and research in science and business
III. the year-to-year change in its gross national product
IV. the standard living of its citizens
A. I, II
B. II, III
C. III, IV
D. I, IV

101. Has Philippine society become more secular and less influenced by Hispanic religion? What
does this prove?
A. Culture is not static
B. Culture is secular
C. Culture is not ingrained profoundly.
D. Culture is folkloric

102. Because the South China Sea serves as a ________ connecting East Asian nations with
Southeast Asian nations, China must take care not to militarize it.
A. Philippine territory
B. fishery resource
C. sea lane
D. natural oil reserve
103. What can sociologists do to improve social action in their field without getting involved in
social transformation themselves?
A. more social science research
B. increase the scientific veracity of studies
C. Demand newer grants
D. express their opinions on current events

104. According to a survey conducted in Asia, Filipinos are the happiest people. Japanese people
are wealthy but they are the most miserable. We Filipinos don't have money, but we do have a
smile, a hug, a song, laughing, and the joy of living. What does this demonstrate?
A. The lack of concern for material wealth among Filipinos.
B. That people from the Philippines are joyful and upbeat.
C. That the Filipinos are rich in the treasures of the spirit.
D. That Filipinos lead a healthy, happy life.

105. Social institutions are enduring social organizations that offer pre-made solutions to solve
fundamental human issues. Which of these fundamental social structures offers defense, law
enforcement, and community coordination?
A. the family
B. the economy
C. government
D. religion

106. Culturally, why are state rules against killing comparable to religious mores?
A. The prohibition against killing is a universal rule.
B. Folkways and mores can become the basis for laws.
C. The act of killing is terrible.
D. Lawmakers are devout.

107. It is considered as the international version' of the "Battle of the Tirad Pass."
A. Battle of Leipzig
B. Battle of Normandy
C. Battle of Salamis
D. Battle of Thermopylae

108. He is the earliest modern astronomer, of Polis nationality, who proposed a heliocentric model.
A. Copernicus
B. Kepler
C. Erasmus
D. Galilei

109. The covid-19 pandemic's shift to online learning came with its own set of challenges,
including the widespread dissemination of false and inaccurate news and information on social
media. What should be done to solve these concerns and shortcomings in the teaching of history?
A. Teachers should make sure that their pupils acquire the fundamental knowledge, abilities, and
values that will aid them in finding, scrutinizing, and memorizing information.
B. Enable students to distinguish a judicious and well-informed opinion as opposed to a silly,
ignorant, and prejudiced one.
C. Develop among students the skills of a historian.
D. Develop an understanding of the nature and status of historical knowledge through a
developed concept of evidence.

110. Known as the "Iron Chancellor", he masterminded the drive to unify Germany under Prussian
leadership.
A. Otto Von Bismarck
B. Allan Hume
C. Adolf Hitler
D. Victor Emmanuel

111. Industrial Revolution started in

A. England
B. USA
C. France
D. UK

112. They are known to be fierce, yellow-skinned warriors who rode on horses.
A. Perians
B. Assyrians
C. Hittites
D. Mongolians

113. The Venetian merchant, most well-known for his book The Travels, penned while he was a
prisoner, after almost a quarter of a century of travelling through Asia in the late thirteenth and
early fourteenth centuries.
A. Christopher
B. Marco Polo
C. Ferdinand Magellan
D. Vasco da Gama

114. The first independent black country

A. Trinidad and Tobago
B. Haiti
C. Belize
D. Dominican Republic

115. The seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and came to reject several teachings and
practices of the Roman Catholic Church; in particular, he disputed the view on indulgences.
A. Martin Luther
B. John Tetzel
C. Andrew Karlstadt
D. John Eck

On October 31, 1517, Martin Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses against papal indulgences, or
the atonement of sins through monetary payment, on the door of the church at Wittenberg,
Germany

116. The responsiveness of demand/supply to a change in its determinant

A. Price Elasticity
B. Point Elasticity
C. Elasticity
D. Arc Elasticity

117. Elizabeth l, a known ruler of England, is also known as

A. People's queen
B. Virgin queen
C. Iron butterfly
D. Democracy icon

118. A secretive agreement among firms in a market about prices to charge and quantities to
produce
A. Oligopoly
B. Collusion
C. Cartel
D. Connivance

119. If the price of a potato increases, what happens to the demand?

A. Nothing. Consumers will continue to buy hotdog buns.
B. Depends on the brand of the bun
C. The demand decreases
D. The demand increases
120. Jessica just got her bonus and decided to treat herself by enjoying a luxurious meal in a
high-end restaurant than her usual habit of dining in a fast food . The meal from the fast food
becomes a/an
A. Complementary good
B. Normal good
C. Inferior good
D. Substitute good

121. On which assumption is the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program anchored?

A. In a democracy, the rich become richer and the poor become poorer.
B. Filipinos' dependence on landlords is a cultural fact.
C. Men always work harder when they work on that which is their own.
D. Land as a natural resource should not be owned privately

122. He is known for his famous quotation "the end justifies the means".
A. Thomas More
B. Niccolo Machiavelli
C. Desiderius Erasmus
D. William Harvey

123. What was the First Philippine Republic?

A. The republic proclaimed in Malolos
B. The republic proclaimed under the 1935 Constitution
C. The republic of the Philippines proclaimed in 1946
D. The republic proclaimed under the Japanese-sponsored constitution

124. Ryan lives in a very traditional community where homosexuality is taboo. Ryan went under
a surgery for sex change. Ryan shows_______.
A. Subculture
B. Culture Pattern
C. Counter Culture
D. Culture Universal

125. It is any social group of people who are united together by ties of marriage for rearing
children. This is also known as the basic unit of the society.
A. Society
B. Marriage
C. Family
D. Household

126. The "Father of Sociology"

A. Auguste Comte
B. Herbert Spencer
C. Karl Marx
D. Emile Durkheim

127. Known as the "Father of Communism"

A. Karl Marx
B. Emile Durkheim
C. Max Weber
D. Charles Cooley

128. Which theoretical approach highlights common values and norms as essential to
society, emphasizing a system of agreements-based social order?
A. Consensus theory
B. Conflict theory
C. Structural functionalism
D. Symbolic interactionism
129. Which theoretical viewpoint highlights the superiority of some social groupings over others
and sees social order as the result of manipulation and control by powerful groups?
A. Consensus theory
B. Conflict theory
C. Structural functionalism
D. Symbolic interactionism

130. Which theory contends that people grow their person's opinion of themselves depending
on how they think others see them?
A. Interactions
B. Self-identity
C. Looking glass self
D. Socialization

131. Leah couldn’t stand eating American foods after having a taste of Filipino foods, therefore
she totally changed her diet into Filipino cuisine. This shows _________.
A. Assimilation
B. Innovation
C. Accommodation
D. Cultural diffusion

132. Which of the following shows endogamy?

A. A teacher marrying a co-teacher
B. A muslim woman marrying a Christian man
C. A Bhramin marrying a Kshatriya
D. A Filipina marrying an Englishman

133. Mica and Harvey is newlywed who chose to lived in another town away from both of their
families, this is an example of ________?
A. Patrilocal
B. Neolocal
C. Matrilocal
D. Independence

134. He is considered as the father of modern geography.

A. Ptolemy
B. Alexander von Humboldt
C. Herodotus
D. Gerardus Mercator

135. The newest continent found and is considered as a "lost continent"

A. Zealandia
B. Gondwanaland
C. Afro-Eurasia
D. Rodinia

136. The continuous masses of land surrounded by big bodies of water on the earth’s surface is
known as
A. peninsula
B. continent
C. archipelago
D. hemisphere

137. The focal theme/agenda of 2009 Earth’s Summit held in Copenhagen, Denmark
A. Sustainable Development
B. Climate Change
C. Poverty
D. Cyber crime
138. About 85% of gigantic waves called tsunamis occur in which ocean?
A. Pacific Ocean
B. China Sea
C. Atlantic Ocean
D. Indian Ocean

139 What do you call the process of water constantly moving from ocean to air land and back to
the ocean?
A. transpiration
B. hydraulic cycle
C. evaporation
D. precipitation

140. What is known as the Land of the Aztecs?

A. Valley of Mexico
B. Yucatan Peninsula
C. California
D. South America

141. Which statement(s) concerning Korea's history is incorrect?

A. Soviet forces seized Northern Korea following Japan's surrender in World War II, with
American forces occupying the South.
B. China annexed Korea for many centuries
C. Two distinct governments were established in 1948
D. In 1980, North Korea invaded South Korea following a number of border incidents.

142. The most likely outcome of an overpopulation brought on by high fertility and low mortality
is______.
A. greater participation of women in social structures other than the family
B. the younger age demographic
C. shortage of labor force
D. more effective strategies for reducing poverty

143. The ______ is used to gauge a country's economic growth rate.

I. its wealth of natural resources
II. the existence of discoveries and research in science and business
III. the year-to-year change in its gross national product
IV. the standard living of its citizens
A. I, II
B. II, III
C. III, IV
D. I, IV

144. Which might be one factor in the Philippines' difficulty passing a divorce law?
A. It does not adhere to previous customs and values.
B. The society in the Philippines is patriarchal.
C. Families and kids are dear to Filipinos.
D. Alimony makes divorce costly.

145. What do Sun Yat Sen and Mahatma Gandhi have in common?
A. promoted a society where religious authorities rule
B. rejected using violence to gain political influence
C. successfully sparked a patriotic movement in their own nations.
D. backed the Marxist movement to overthrow established governments

146. Which comes after "Filipino First Policy" of Pres. Garcia? Filipinos _____
A. should only use and purchase Filipino products
B. Should not intensify the issue of brain-drain
C. Foreign professionals entering the nation should do so with caution.
D. were to be given priority in all decisions pertaining to the nation's economic development
147. When are laws considered to be unscientific? When laws ______.
A. further political objectives
B. not backed up by research
C. concentrate on allocating funds
D. are unimportant

148. Which of the following statements is not a realistic representation of what culture actually is?
A. Culture is acquired through social interaction.
B. Culture instructs us on how to think and act.
C. Cultural transmission is mediated by biological inheritance.
D. Culture aids in problem-solving and environment adaptation.

149. Known as the “Isla de Pintados” by the Spaniards

A. Luzon
B. Visayas
C. Mindanao
D. Isla Verde

150. The World biggest peninsula

A. Arabian peninsula
B. Iberian peninsula
C. Korean peninsula
D. Italy vast reserves of oil and natural gas
SUMMATIVE EXAM ANSWERS

1. The city that is known as Special Science and Nature City of the Philippines.
A. Lucban, Quezon
B. Baguio City, Benguet
C. Los Baños, Laguna
D. El Nido, Palawan

2. What is the simple logic for the implementation of the planned parenthood program to control
population growth?
A. Less mouth to feed
B. No to sex liberation
C. End the baby boom
D. One child only

3. Which of the following is correct about APEC?

A. It stands for Asia Pacific Economic Corporation
B. It is meant to facilitate trade among Europe, the Islands in the Pacific, and Asia.
C. It is meant to facilitate trade among North America, Oceania, and Asia.
D. The Philippines become a member in 2001.

4. The following are basic economic problems, except ________

A. What to produce?
B. How to produce?
C. Who will produce?
D. Who will get what is produced?

5. The first scientific school of economics which believes that the wealth of nations was derived
solely from the value of agriculture.
A. Physiocrat
B. Mercantilism
C. Capitalism
D. Socialism

6. Romana is working as one of the factory seamstresses. Based on from the principles of Karl
Mark, from which class Romana belongs?
A. Proletariat
B. Slaves
C. Capitalist
D. Servant

7. Meralco is the sole distributor of electricity in in the NCR. The following are true from the
given situation but not to include _____.
A. It is known as monopoly where there is a competition
B. Meralco have the power to control the price
C. Consumer must conform to the price
D. End-users can’t easily switch to another company

8. Which of the following is the best definition of opportunity costs?

A. The amount of one good that must be given up in order to produce one more unit of another
good
B. The amount of money that must be paid in order to purchase one more unit of a good.
C. The amount of an input that must be used in order to produce one more unit of a good.
D. The price of a good that must be charged in order for a merchant to sell one more unit.

Ratio: Opportunity cost is the value of anything that is given up in choosing the next best
alternative.

9. What economic resources pertains to all the natural resources found above or below the soil
that could include lands used for agricultural and industrial purposes?
A. land resources
B. labor resources
C. capital
D. entrepreneurial abilities

10. In an economy, when all economic decisions are done without government intervention,
competition served as determinant to identify the needs of the society and competition will
determine who will survive in the market, what economic system will likely be in effect in that
economy?
A. mixed economy
B. socialism
C. communism
D. capitalism

11. Bicol Buko Pie generates big amount of income by selling their products in Europe where
they have a branch employing many Filipinos; the total value of final goods and services will be
under_______
A. gross domestic product
B. gross national product
C. gross national income
D. national production

12. What is the significance of GDP?

A. It gives an indication of how successfully society is addressing the scarcity problem
B. Because it shows how much the total output of a country helps in economic growth
C. Because it helps economists look at the performance of the different sectors of society
D. All of the above

13. The price of a coffee increases therefore it is expected that…

I. The demand for substitute product will increase
II. The supply of coffee will rise
III. The demand for coffee will decrease
IV. The supply of coffee will drop

A. I, II, IV
B. II, III, IV
C. I, II, III
D. I, III, IV

14. You have a property worth P500,000. The tax is 1% he pays P5000. If his property is worth
P1,000,000 he pays P10,000. Which does this illustrate?
A. Proportional taxation
B. Equity in taxation
C. Uniformity in taxation
D. Progressive taxation

15. Which of the following statements about producers is false?

A. Households produce many goods and services for themselves.
B. People set up some producers who do not aim to make profits.
C. All the goods and services consumed in any country are produced by its own producers.
D. Governments arrange the production of some goods and services.

16. What does the phrase "final goods and services" refer to?
A. Identical to what is meant by intermediary commodities and services.
B. All products and services other from those that are sold secondhand.
C. Similar with the term consumer goods and services.
D. Goods and services which are finished as far as the economy is concerned.
17. People might buy a certain type of cake for a while. Soon, they may buy less and choose
another type of cake or buy breads instead. This is a result of:
A. Diminishing marginal utility
B. Increasing cost
C. Supply and demand
D. Diminishing marginal returns

18. A group of companies in an industry that get a monopoly of goods or resources in a specific
market or sector?
A. Cartel
B. Command economy
C. Collusion
D. Network

19. A small group of people having control in the market. It possesses sufficient political power to
promote its own interests.
A. Command Economy
B. Oligarchy
C. Monopoly
D. Market economy

20. An economic system in which private actors own and control property in accord with their
interests, and demand and supply freely set prices in markets
A Communism
B. Socialism
C. Capitalism
D. Feudalism

21. What attributes a successful business plan for an enterprise?

A. It should be based on the current data and industry outlook.
B. It ought to be based on trial and error.
C. It ought to be redundant with goods or services already offered in the market.
D. It ought to be used in various settings.

22. Which of the various economic sectors is commonly acknowledged in democratic capitalist
countries as being the one that drives the nation's expansion, productivity, and development?
A. Finance institution
B. Private sectors
C. Government sectors
D. Non-government organizations

23. What is the term used in a process where goods or services are traded across computer
networks or internet?
A. Digital taxation
B. Online transaction
C. Express credit
D. E-commerce

24. What is a deliberate deception used by advertisers when they say, "the thousands who have
chosen to switch to the better network".
A. Circular thinking
B. Bandwagon
C. Personal attack
D. Falsehood or the big lie
25. A downward trend in the business cycle characterized by a decline in production and
employment, which in turn causes the incomes and spending of households to decline.
A. Recession
B. Depression
C. Devaluation
D. Legal Tender

26. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The main focus of microeconomics is the economy as a whole.
B. The focus of macroeconomics is mostly on individual markets.
C. Market pricing are not influenced by governments.
D. When economists study the price in a market, their chief aims are to understand why the
price is what it is and why it may change.

27. What pertains to the pattern of coercive and assaultive actions used by adults or
adolescents against their intimate relationships, such as physical, sexual, and psychological
assaults as well as pecuniary coercion?
A. Sexual harassment
B. Sexual discrimination
C. Sexual trafficking
D. Domestic violence

28. How do we distinguish between the modern and current periods?

A. The structure. The modern era comprises a complex structure, while the contemporary era
entails a simple structure.
B. The time. The modern era has passed already, while the contemporary era depicts the
present and future.
C. The system. The modern era is an advent of advanced technology, while the contemporary
era is delved into a manual system of economy.
D. The people. The modern era has populated society while the contemporary era is densely
populated.

29. Do you think that the US's extensive political, economic, and cultural influence over
numerous countries, including the Philippines, qualifies it as a neo-colonial and imperialist
state?
A. Yes. The US has colonies such as Guam and Puerto Rico
B. No, this relationship is a product of liberal and progressive.
C. Yes, the US is an Imperial power.
D. Yes, the US dominates political affairs.

30. The urgent issue that led to abortion becoming legal in America.
A. Increased risk of institutionalized brutality and torture
B. Increase mortality and health complications in women
C. It fits in with society's egalitarianism.
D. Criminalization of abortion does not stop women from getting one.

31. When discussing the research process, which comes first?

A. Selecting Research Tools
B. Defining Terms and Concepts
C. Identifying the Problem
D. Collecting Data

32. The style of interview that permits a conversation on a question to flow naturally.
A. Structured
B. In-depth
C. Correlation
D. Open-ended
33. The following are the prior name of our country, which among them appeared in the
legendary Ramusio-Gastaldi Map
A. Ma-yi
B. Minolas
C. Filipina
D. Archipelago de San Lazaro

34. Cagayan River also known as Rio Grande is the longest river in the Philippines. While the
longest river in the world is known as _______
A. Huang Ho
B. Yangtze
C. Nile
D. Congo

35. The very first ancient people to use iron in weapons and equipment:
A. Persians
C. Hebrews
B. Hittites
D. Greeks

36. Who is a well-known Chinese thinker whose socio-political philosophy spread into parts of
East Asia.
A. Marco Polo
C. Genghis Khan
B. Lao Tzu
D. Confucius

37. Why did Han emperors institute the civil service exam?
A. to find the most qualified officials
B. to give special privileges to the sons of nobles
C. to give peasants a chance to serve their government
D. to discourage applicants from civil service jobs

38. When Christopher Columbus arrived in this place in 1492, he thought he had reached India.
He therefore called the people he found there Indians.
A. The America
C. Cape of Good Hope
B. “New World”
D. India

39. What element of the state refers to its supreme power?

A. People
B. Sovereignty
C. Territory
D. Government

40. The current Chief Justice of the Philippines.

A. Alexander Gesmundo
B. Lord Allan Velasco
C. Ferdinand Martin Romualdez
D. Juan Miguel Zubiri

41. Which economic system is otherwise known as free enterprise?

A. Capitalism
B. Communism
C. Mixed economics
D. Totalitarianism
42. The following are among the elements to gauge a country's economic growth EXCEPT
______.
A. national income
B. gross national product
C. population growth
D. gross domestic investment

43. The political empowerment of women is one of the most important themes currently. What are
signs of the political empowerment of women?
I. A general law called the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act has been passed.
II. More women are achieving accolades and recognition compared from men
III. There are increasingly more women being elected to various posts.
IV. Women and gender issues are on the key development agenda at international summits and
conferences.
E. I, II, III
F. II, III, IV
G. I, III, IV
H. I, II, IV

44. Economically speaking, which is a glorious period?

A. Stability
B. Boom
C. Depression
D. Recession

45. Which is a tentative answer to a research problem?

A. Theoretical Framework
B. Conclusion
C. Recommendation
D. Hypothesis

46. For privileged communication, the researcher keeps _________ of respondents under
secrecy or anonymity.
A. data
B. answers
C. names
D. evidence

47. Participants may be willing to be interviewed but there should the right of ________ need to
be ensured by telling them the nature of a specific research.
A. non-coercion
B. privacy
C. informed consent
D. protection from harm

48. What is NOT related to ethical conduct in research?

A. Respect for confidentiality
B. Limitation in research scope
C. Voluntary participation be respondents
D. Security of participants

49. What should the researcher do when he/she is not clear yet familiar with the subject?
A. Set assumptions
B. Explore the topic
C. Chronicle activities
D. Draw up hypothesis
50. Which variable do you manipulate when doing research?
A. Moderator
B. Independent
C. Dependent
D. Extraneous

51. In which part of the research do you find the answers to the research problems?
A. Recommendation
B. Conclusion
C. Hypothesis
D. Theoretical Framework

52. According to a survey conducted in Asia, Filipinos are the happiest people. Japanese people
are wealthy but they are the most miserable. We Filipinos don't have money, but we do have a
smile, a hug, a song, laughing, and the joy of living. What does this demonstrate?
E. The lack of concern for material wealth among Filipinos.
F. That people from the Philippines are joyful and upbeat.
G. That the Filipinos are rich in the treasures of the spirit.
H. That Filipinos lead a healthy, happy life.

53. The Spaniards put the Church in the middle of towns…

A. To show the power of the church.
B. To make life more religious for the natives.
C. To make Christ the center of the natives’ life.
D. To make the natives believe in the Christian God.

54. Which is NOT TRUE about the colonization of the Philippines?

A. The Philippines was conquered through religion.
B. The Philippines was conquered through force.
C. The Philippines was conquered through a stagnant approach.
D. The Philippines was conquered using the strategy of divide and conquer.

55. Which form of government did the Philippines have under 1935 constitution?
A. Parliamentary
B. Federal
C. Military
D. Commonwealth

56. Which of the following are characteristics of capitalism EXCEPT?

E. Government ownership
F. Profit driven
G. Laissez-faire
H. Pure competition

57. What doctrine states that a group of islands near should be treated as one unit?
A. Archipelagic doctrine
B. Territorial Sea doctrine
C. Island doctrine
D. Continental doctrine

58. Which among these statements is TRUE about the territory of the state?
A. It involves the terrestrial and fluvial aspects of the state.
B. It involves all the islands within the state.
C. It involves all possible territories that can be claimed by the state.
D. It involves the terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial aspects of the state.

59. What will you identify as the main, if not the only preoccupation of consumers in a direct
appropriation economy that satisfies basic needs?
A. Demand for security
B. Quest for food
C. Desire for leisure
D. Fondness for travel
60. In the example of macroeconomics which of the following will you consider as not relevant?
A. Changing levels of prices
B. Impact of inflation
C total output of the goods and services
D. Tax level on selected leisure outlets

61. When the price of a product rises, consumers may replace it with an alternative; chicken
instead of beef.
A. Sunk Cost
B. Substitution effect
C. Quota
D. Alternative

62. Rica married a foreigner and lived with him in another country. They now share together the
recipes they have from both of their countries. This blending and merging of cultural traits is
called _____.
A. Arbitration
B. Accumulation
C. Accommodation
D. Assimilation

63. It is a celebration that takes place in Camarines Sur and features water parades.
A. Peñafrancia Fluvial Festival
B. Ati-atihan Festival
C. Kadayawan Festival
D. Kansilay Festival

64. Involves at least two people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground while
one or more dancers step over and in between the poles in a dance imitating tikling birds
dodging the traps set by farmers
A. Cariñosa
B. Tinikling
C. Kuratsa
D. Pandango sa Ilaw

65. According to recent history education research, the teacher is still the most essential
resource in any classroom. Which of the following advice is most in line with this study's
findings?
A. Teachers should use a variety of activities, such as small group discussions where students
can express their opinions.
B. The improvement of teachers' knowledge and abilities should be a priority for teacher
education programs.
C. There is a need to place a premium on teachers' knowledge of and ability to deploy
resources that enable them to realize their classroom aims and aspirations.
D. Teachers must be persistent in helping students cultivate historical thinking.

66. How may congressional hearings be a methodical approach to social legislation?

E. Seeking new approaches from the public
F. Allowing citizens to examine issues
G. Defining provisions of laws
H. Scrutinizing news articles

67. Diversity among students helps foster peace in the classroom. What does this mean for the
process of teaching and learning?
A. More than just theory may be taught in a lecture by the instructor. They can turn the classroom
into a location where the public may attend and engage.
B. Diverse pupils can be encouraged to communicate and collaborate through student-centered
teaching techniques. Participate in a cooperative or team learning process by working together.
C. The classroom is an unusual marketplace of ideas where students might be given the chance
to access peers' points of view.
D. As they see how others vary, encourage the pupils to concentrate on their awareness of
themselves.

68. The significant causes of the weak internalization of desired values is ________
E. Lack of role models among those who should be the best representatives of these principles
F. use of methods that are more cognitive than effective
G. inadequate follow-up procedures from one grade level to the next
H. minimum level of praise and recognition for instructors

69. The brain benefits from simulation. Which course of action makes sense in this situation?
E. Teenagers should not be given difficult tasks since they easily become demotivated.
F. Children should be given toys they can manipulate to play with.
G. Early retirement will spare you the burden of labor.
H. Teach your child to blindly follow instructions.

70. Rizal opposed the Katipunan's proposed revolution for this reason
A. Unpreparedness of the Katipuneros for an armed struggle.
B. Filipinos with riches are willing to support the fight.
C. lack of a military strategist to oversee the KKK's military efforts.
D. Rizal does not want the Philippines to be an independent country; simply a colony

71. Which of the subsequent violates the Constitution?

A. a rule requiring personal ID before attending school.
B. a rule preventing professionals from working abroad.
C. a road regulation that forbids some vehicles from traveling on a specific day.
D. a court's order restricts a person's option for residence.

72. Which policy is implemented by the Constitution to ensure that the public is provided with
accountability and openness in relation to government transactions affecting matters of public
interest?
A. Balanced and healthful ecology
B. Rural development and agrarian reform
C. Full public disclosure
D. Private enterprise and incentives to needed investment

73. Which was the outcome of the mercantilism concept, which served as the foundation for
economic policy during the Spanish colonial period?
A. Sequestration of the Philippines for its raw materials that should flow only to Spain.
B. Purchasing raw supplies from the governments of the UK, the Netherlands, and Portugal.
C. Raw materials from the Philippines were sold to the governments of the British, Dutch, and
Portuguese.
D. Other than Spain, there is a flow of manufactured goods entering the Philippines.

74. There are alternative energy sources that can be used to mitigate negative effects on the
economy, but ________ is NOT one of them.
E. wind-turbines
F. geo-thermal
G. fossil fuel
H. Solar panels

75. How might social research benefit corporate and government policymakers?
E. Orient policy toward reducing poverty
F. Provide data for social policies
G. Increase professional leadership
H. Increasing social awareness across sectors

76. According to a survey by the Foundation for Economic Freedom, the Philippines has the
lowest foreign direct investments (FDIs) in the ASEAN. Which clause of the Constitution is
Congress planning to change?
E. A welcoming attitude toward the exploitation of natural resources
F. Consumption-driven economic expansion
G. Restrictions on foreign ownership and investments
H. Limitations on international competitiveness
77.According to the Engel theory, "the percentage of income spent on non-food items also
increases as income increases." On which sector would this rule not apply to?
E. Entrepreneurs
F. Middle Class
G. Unemployed
H. Corporate executives

78. Which statement is true regarding the Katipunan?

A. Its political objective was the assimilation of the Philippines by Spain.
B. It was founded by Bonifacio upon receiving the news that Rizal would be deported to Dapitan.
C. Its aim was merely to introduce reforms in the country.
D. Its members belonged to the middle class only

79. What role does the instructor play in ensuring that students receive a high-quality education?
E. Be responsible for informing parents about students' performance.
F. Be responsible for informing stakeholders and the school's head on students' performance.
G. Be responsible for grading students' performance.
H. Be responsible for the successful completion of the stated learning objectives and results.
80. Which of the following claims regarding a marker economy is TRUE?
E. Taxes aid in the cost and benefit communication between producers and consumers through
price.
F. Central planners could direct production more effectively than markets if they had access to
a powerful computer.
G. Market participants act as if guided by an invisible hand to produce outcomes that maximize
social welfare.
H. A market system's strength is its propensity to evenly allocate resources among consumers.

81. What transpires in the cooperative system when compared to the capitalist one where "to the
strongest goes the spoil"?
E. All benefits are shared to the members proportionate to the shared capital.
F. Goods are distributed among the members.
G. Members receive goods, while elected and appointed officials receive more as payment for
their services.
H. Although goods are divided to the members, the policy-making body mostly benefits.
82. A teacher "has the right and duty to determine the academic marks and the promotion of
learners," according to the Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers. In light of the aforementioned
right as stipulated by the Education Act of 1982, what responsibility does the instructor have?
A. Avoid deducting points from students' grades for behavior that is not indicative of poor
scholarship.
B. Avoid discriminating high and low performers in the classes he or she is in charge of.
C. Avoid using corporal punishment and make it the basis for academic grade reductions.
D. Avoid dividing students into fast and slow learners to make rating them easier.

83. Until proven guilty, the subject is presumed innocent, hence the burden of proof lies with the
prosecution. Both parties may appeal the decision to a higher court for reconsideration even after
a verdict has been rendered in the case. Why are judicial rulings appealable?
E. so that mistakes can be corrected if they are made
F. to allow time for both sides to craft stronger arguments
G. to hinder the effective operation of the justice system
H. to increase the number of individuals who can hear the case

84. Which government program supports the phrase "The State shall protect and promote the
right of all citizens to quality education at all levels"?
A. Exclusion of children with special needs from the formal system
B. Free elementary and secondary education
C. Deregulated and secondary education
D. Re-introduction of the NEAT and NSAT

85. The impeachment processes that took place in December 2000 and January 2001 were
beneficial to the Filipinos in what way?
A. Recognize the judge's observations
B. Dislike administration trails
C. Respect the democratic system of government
D. Pay attention to the dialogue

86. What distinguishes evaluation from assessment?

E. Evaluation is value judgment of the quality of performance, assessment is the process of
collecting, synthesizing and interpreting information to aid in decision making.
F. Evaluation is the process of comparing assessment data to a set of standards in order to
enhance instruction.
G. Evaluation lacks a scoring guide, whereas assessment needs one.
H. Evaluation uses conventional tools, while Assessment employs real instruments.

87. What can be done to stop the imprisonment of children alongside adult inmates?
E. juvenile and adult cells separation
F. years of juvenile detention as a lesson
G. alternative educational approach in prisons
H. Improve the juvenile justice system

88. What challenging question did instructor Ana use to get her sociocultural class thinking
critically?
E. Was the killing of Ninoy related to People Power?
F. What happened to kill Ninoy Aquino?
G. How do you feel about Ninoy Aquino's death on the tarmac of the airport?
H. Where did Ninoy Aquino spent his years in exile?

89. A human rights principle known as the ______ principle states that no Filipino's rights may be
revoked, mortgaged, or abandoned.
E. Indivisible
F. Interdependence
G. Inalienable
H. Universal

90. The following occur during a recession or a depression, EXCEPT ________.

E. People cherish their work.
F. Businesses make more money.
G. Lower overall spending
H. Production decreases

91. Which is untrue in light of the current birth control debate?

E. Population can be taught.
F. The Philippine population is not high.
G. Farm productivity requires a lot of labor.
H. Pregnancy is prevented by contraceptives.

92. Non-economic needs and wants center on the problem of _________.

E. inadequate employment
F. increased cost of goods
G. societal position of women
H. decreasing family income

93. These pieces of evidence refute the idea that Filipinos are idle or lazy, With the exception of
_______
E. Working until morning
F. indulgences in electronic devices and toys
G. Scavengers retrieve scrap from landfills.
H. OFWs sacrifice their family lives to work abroad.

94. Which paradox claimed that the fact that tap water is a very useful commodity yet is less
expensive than diamonds refutes the idea that a good's value is determined by how useful it is?
E. diamond–water
F. useful-not useful
G. price-priceless
H. liquid-solid
95. Teacher Risa wants her students to have an understanding of the evolution of human life from
earlier times to the present. What strategy from the list below is best for Teacher Risa to use?
A. The teacher should use open-ended questions that encourage students to make judgments on
their own.
B. The teacher needs to provide learning activities where students will have intriguing encounters
with the subjective experience of people in the past and opportunity to speculate how people
made meaning of that experience through their own temporal lenses.
C. The teacher can make use of popular stories.
D. The teacher should employ when-based questions, questions that deal with beginnings and
endings, questions that deal with labels or time periods, and questions that deal with change's
speed or type.

96. What could be a useful endeavor as an application of Robert Merton's contention that before
being married, spouses should be honest about concealed functions like parenting
responsibilities.
E. Interdict civil unions
F. Accept trial marriages
G. Legalize divorce
H. Include a lesson on marital duties in sex education

97. What should permit more U.S. a military presence in the Philippines?
E. Visitor Agreement with American Forces
F. Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement
G. US-Philippines Agreement
H. Subic Base Agreement

98. How do historians discover the truth about earlier periods in man's history?
E. Investigating tradition
F. interviewing individuals
G. Seeking for recorded evidence
H. watching historical movies

99. According to a study by the International Labor Organization, households headed by women
are more susceptible to poverty. The following reasons account for this EXCEPT ________.
E. Women must balance this household and earning a wage.
F. Women have limited employment options and a limited set of technical abilities.
G. Women are less strong
H. Women have less access to land, money, and technology.

100. The ______ is used to gauge a country's economic growth rate.

I. its wealth of natural resources
II. the existence of discoveries and research in science and business
III. the year-to-year change in its gross national product
IV. the standard living of its citizens
E. I, II
F. II, III
G. III, IV
H. I, IV

101. Has Philippine society become more secular and less influenced by Hispanic religion? What
does this prove?
E. Culture is not static
F. Culture is secular
G. Culture is not ingrained profoundly.
H. Culture is folkloric

102. Because the South China Sea serves as a ________ connecting East Asian nations with
Southeast Asian nations, China must take care not to militarize it.
E. Philippine territory
F. fishery resource
G. sea lane
H. natural oil reserve
103. What can sociologists do to improve social action in their field without getting involved in
social transformation themselves?
E. more social science research
F. increase the scientific veracity of studies
G. Demand newer grants
H. express their opinions on current events

104. According to a survey conducted in Asia, Filipinos are the happiest people. Japanese people
are wealthy but they are the most miserable. We Filipinos don't have money, but we do have a
smile, a hug, a song, laughing, and the joy of living. What does this demonstrate?
E. The lack of concern for material wealth among Filipinos.
F. That people from the Philippines are joyful and upbeat.
G. That the Filipinos are rich in the treasures of the spirit.
H. That Filipinos lead a healthy, happy life.

105. Social institutions are enduring social organizations that offer pre-made solutions to solve
fundamental human issues. Which of these fundamental social structures offers defense, law
enforcement, and community coordination?
E. the family
F. the economy
G. government
H. religion

106. Culturally, why are state rules against killing comparable to religious mores?
E. The prohibition against killing is a universal rule.
F. Folkways and mores can become the basis for laws.
G. The act of killing is terrible.
H. Lawmakers are devout.

107. It is considered as the international version' of the "Battle of the Tirad Pass."
A. Battle of Leipzig
B. Battle of Normandy
C. Battle of Salamis
D. Battle of Thermopylae

108. He is the earliest modern astronomer, of Polis nationality, who proposed a heliocentric model.
A. Copernicus
B. Kepler
C. Erasmus
D. Galilei

109. The covid-19 pandemic's shift to online learning came with its own set of challenges,
including the widespread dissemination of false and inaccurate news and information on social
media. What should be done to solve these concerns and shortcomings in the teaching of history?
A. Teachers should make sure that their pupils acquire the fundamental knowledge, abilities, and
values that will aid them in finding, scrutinizing, and memorizing information.
B. Enable students to distinguish a judicious and well-informed opinion as opposed to a silly,
ignorant, and prejudiced one.
C. Develop among students the skills of a historian.
D. Develop an understanding of the nature and status of historical knowledge through a
developed concept of evidence.

110. Known as the "Iron Chancellor", he masterminded the drive to unify Germany under Prussian
leadership.
A. Otto Von Bismarck
B. Allan Hume
C. Adolf Hitler
D. Victor Emmanuel

111. Industrial Revolution started in

A. England
B. USA
C. France
D. UK

112. They are known to be fierce, yellow-skinned warriors who rode on horses.
A. Perians
B. Assyrians
C. Hittites
D. Mongolians

113. The Venetian merchant, most well-known for his book The Travels, penned while he was a
prisoner, after almost a quarter of a century of travelling through Asia in the late thirteenth and
early fourteenth centuries.
A. Christopher
B. Marco Polo
C. Ferdinand Magellan
D. Vasco da Gama

114. The first independent black country

A. Trinidad and Tobago
B. Haiti
C. Belize
D. Dominican Republic

115. The seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and came to reject several teachings and
practices of the Roman Catholic Church; in particular, he disputed the view on indulgences.
A. Martin Luther
B. John Tetzel
C. Andrew Karlstadt
D. John Eck

On October 31, 1517, Martin Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses against papal indulgences, or
the atonement of sins through monetary payment, on the door of the church at Wittenberg,
Germany

116. The responsiveness of demand/supply to a change in its determinant

A. Price Elasticity
B. Point Elasticity
C. Elasticity
D. Arc Elasticity

117. Elizabeth l, a known ruler of England, is also known as

A. People's queen
B. Virgin queen
C. Iron butterfly
D. Democracy icon

118. A secretive agreement among firms in a market about prices to charge and quantities to
produce
A. Oligopoly
B. Collusion
C. Cartel
D. Connivance

119. If the price of a potato increases, what happens to the demand?

E. Nothing. Consumers will continue to buy hotdog buns.
F. Depends on the brand of the bun
G. The demand decreases
H. The demand increases
120. Jessica just got her bonus and decided to treat herself by enjoying a luxurious meal in a
high-end restaurant than her usual habit of dining in a fast food . The meal from the fast food
becomes a/an
A. Complementary good
B. Normal good
C. Inferior good
D. Substitute good

121. On which assumption is the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program anchored?

E. In a democracy, the rich become richer and the poor become poorer.
F. Filipinos' dependence on landlords is a cultural fact.
G. Men always work harder when they work on that which is their own.
H. Land as a natural resource should not be owned privately

122. He is known for his famous quotation "the end justifies the means".
A. Thomas More
B. Niccolo Machiavelli
C. Desiderius Erasmus
D. William Harvey

123. What was the First Philippine Republic?

E. The republic proclaimed in Malolos
F. The republic proclaimed under the 1935 Constitution
G. The republic of the Philippines proclaimed in 1946
H. The republic proclaimed under the Japanese-sponsored constitution

124. Ryan lives in a very traditional community where homosexuality is taboo. Ryan went under
a surgery for sex change. Ryan shows_______.
E. Subculture
F. Culture Pattern
G. Counter Culture
H. Culture Universal

125. It is any social group of people who are united together by ties of marriage for rearing
children. This is also known as the basic unit of the society.
E. Society
F. Marriage
G. Family
H. Household

126. The "Father of Sociology"

E. Auguste Comte
F. Herbert Spencer
G. Karl Marx
H. Emile Durkheim

127. Known as the "Father of Communism"

E. Karl Marx
F. Emile Durkheim
G. Max Weber
H. Charles Cooley

128. Which theoretical approach highlights common values and norms as essential to
society, emphasizing a system of agreements-based social order?
E. Consensus theory
F. Conflict theory
G. Structural functionalism
H. Symbolic interactionism
129. Which theoretical viewpoint highlights the superiority of some social groupings over others
and sees social order as the result of manipulation and control by powerful groups?
E. Consensus theory
F. Conflict theory
G. Structural functionalism
H. Symbolic interactionism

130. Which theory contends that people grow their person's opinion of themselves depending
on how they think others see them?
E. Interactions
F. Self-identity
G. Looking glass self
H. Socialization

131. Leah couldn’t stand eating American foods after having a taste of Filipino foods, therefore
she totally changed her diet into Filipino cuisine. This shows _________.
E. Assimilation
F. Innovation
G. Accommodation
H. Cultural diffusion

132. Which of the following shows endogamy?

E. A teacher marrying a co-teacher
F. A muslim woman marrying a Christian man
G. A Bhramin marrying a Kshatriya
H. A Filipina marrying an Englishman

133. Mica and Harvey is newlywed who chose to lived in another town away from both of their
families, this is an example of ________?
E. Patrilocal
F. Neolocal
G. Matrilocal
H. Independence

134. He is considered as the father of modern geography.

E. Ptolemy
F. Alexander von Humboldt
G. Herodotus
H. Gerardus Mercator

135. The newest continent found and is considered as a "lost continent"

E. Zealandia
F. Gondwanaland
G. Afro-Eurasia
H. Rodinia

136. The continuous masses of land surrounded by big bodies of water on the earth’s surface is
known as
E. peninsula
F. continent
G. archipelago
H. hemisphere

137. The focal theme/agenda of 2009 Earth’s Summit held in Copenhagen, Denmark
E. Sustainable Development
F. Climate Change
G. Poverty
H. Cyber crime
138. About 85% of gigantic waves called tsunamis occur in which ocean?
E. Pacific Ocean
F. China Sea
G. Atlantic Ocean
H. Indian Ocean

139 What do you call the process of water constantly moving from ocean to air land and back to
the ocean?
E. transpiration
F. hydraulic cycle
G. evaporation
H. precipitation

140. What is known as the Land of the Aztecs?

E. Valley of Mexico
F. Yucatan Peninsula
G. California
H. South America

141. Which statement(s) concerning Korea's history is incorrect?

E. Soviet forces seized Northern Korea following Japan's surrender in World War II, with
American forces occupying the South.
F. China annexed Korea for many centuries
G. Two distinct governments were established in 1948
H. In 1980, North Korea invaded South Korea following a number of border incidents.

142. The most likely outcome of an overpopulation brought on by high fertility and low mortality
is______.
E. greater participation of women in social structures other than the family
F. the younger age demographic
G. shortage of labor force
H. more effective strategies for reducing poverty

143. The ______ is used to gauge a country's economic growth rate.

I. its wealth of natural resources
II. the existence of discoveries and research in science and business
III. the year-to-year change in its gross national product
IV. the standard living of its citizens
E. I, II
F. II, III
G. III, IV
H. I, IV

144. Which might be one factor in the Philippines' difficulty passing a divorce law?
E. It does not adhere to previous customs and values.
F. The society in the Philippines is patriarchal.
G. Families and kids are dear to Filipinos.
H. Alimony makes divorce costly.

145. What do Sun Yat Sen and Mahatma Gandhi have in common?
E. promoted a society where religious authorities rule
F. rejected using violence to gain political influence
G. successfully sparked a patriotic movement in their own nations.
H. backed the Marxist movement to overthrow established governments

146. Which comes after "Filipino First Policy" of Pres. Garcia? Filipinos _____
E. should only use and purchase Filipino products
F. Should not intensify the issue of brain-drain
G. Foreign professionals entering the nation should do so with caution.
H. were to be given priority in all decisions pertaining to the nation's economic development
147. When are laws considered to be unscientific? When laws ______.
E. further political objectives
F. not backed up by research
G. concentrate on allocating funds
H. are unimportant

148. Which of the following statements is not a realistic representation of what culture actually is?
E. Culture is acquired through social interaction.
F. Culture instructs us on how to think and act.
G. Cultural transmission is mediated by biological inheritance.
H. Culture aids in problem-solving and environment adaptation.

149. Known as the “Isla de Pintados” by the Spaniards

E. Luzon
F. Visayas
G. Mindanao
H. Isla Verde

150. The World biggest peninsula

E. Arabian peninsula
F. Iberian peninsula
G. Korean peninsula
H. Italy vast reserves of oil and natural gas