On July 4th,1776, United States declared its independence from the British Empire, started

to form a government.The highest form of law in United States, Constitution creates the branches
of government in order to avoid too much power being held by one person or group. In other
way, it created the balance of power between the three branches of government. This three
branches of Government are Executive branch, Legislative branch and Judicial branch.Each
branch has an important role to play and need to work together.
If it is only held by the president of United States, exactly it is Executive branch. The
president, who rules all the power of this branch, and vice president, who is the Executive office
of the president, and the Cabinet are organized into this branch. The president is seen as the
leader of Government. Moreover, he is not only the leader of state but also the Commander-in-
Chief of the US armed forces. Main power of Executive branch leader , president is the power to
sign legislation from Congress into law or to veto it.President can refuse a legislation by using
veto though, it can be still able to become a law if two-thirds of both the house of Congress veto
to remove the veto. We call this as balance of powers put into place by the Constitution.Then,
president needs to work for enforcing and publishing the laws set in place by Congress. President
works together with his office staff, from federal agencies and departments, whose the heads are
appointed by president. Diplomacy with alliances including signing treaties and the power to
grant pardons to criminals of federal crimes are other responsibilities of Executive branch's
leader, president, who has two four-year terms of being president in order president in order to
keep too much power from anyone person. Requirements of becoming president are that
candidates be at least 35 years old, a natural born US citizen, resident from US for at least 14
years. To be ready to take over for the president if something should happen to the president, to
advise president, to break a tie in voting in the Senate. To help with the many duties of president,
the Executive Office of the President(EOP) is headed up by the White House Staff, most of these
are president's closest advisor. Office of Management and Budget are approved by the Senate
and other are just hired by president. National Security and intelligence, the White House
Communications and Press Secretary, three of theses are significant parts of the EOP. It is a
really essential to Executive branch because of keeping this branch running smoothly. The
powerful part of the Executive branch is called the Cabinet approved by the Senate. It has 15
different department. There are (1) department of Agriculture for overseeing farming and our
food,(2) department of Commerce for promoting the nation's economy,(3) department of defense
to provide the military, (4)department of education to promote national education, (5) department
of energy to advance the energy security of the United Sates, (6)department of health and human
services to keep Americans healthy, (7) department of homeland security to prevent and disrupt
terrorist attacks within country, (8) department of housing and urban development to helps
poorer families to buy homes,(9) department of the interior for handling the conservation of our
land, (10)department of Justice to enforce the law and to protect public safety,(11) department of
Labor for making sure American has a strong workforce, (12)department of state for handling
the relationships with foreign countries,(13) department of transportation to make sure that there
is fast and safe transportation around nation,(14)department of the Treasury to manages the
money for financial systems and (15) department of Veteran's Affairs to provide benefit
programs for veteran.
Next branch is the Legislative branch, also called the Congress. It is the part of the
government created to write up and veto on laws or legoslation.Declaring war, confirming
presidential appointments for the Supreme Court and the Cabinet, and investigating power. There
are two parts made by Congress: The House of Representatives and The Senate.Firstly, we call
this like the beneath Congress, which is actually called House of Representative composed with
435 representatives. Numbers of representatives in each state depend on their population, means
that state with more people get more representatives. Everyone who is 25 years old, have been a
US citizen for at least 7 years, and live in the state they represent, are able to be elected in the
elections, that is held every two years. The leader of the House of Representatives hired by
House, is called the Speaker of the House, who is third in line in succession to the president. The
another part is Senate. The Senate has 100 members, by two senators for one state. Senators are
elected every 6 years. To become a Senator, a person must be at least 30 years old, have been a
US citizen for a least 9 years, and must live in the state they represent. Main function of this
Legislative branch is ‘’ making a law''. Both of House and the Senate have to hold their own
debates about the bill, which is ready through committees agreement including pros and cons of
it. After members of each parts discuss about to be or not to be laws, they will vote. A bill with
majority of both parts must go to president to sign. If president veto it, they can reject that veto
by getting two thirds of the votes from both the House and Senate. This is called balance of
power according to Constitution. Creating an annual budget for government and taxing the
citizens to pay for new law, also include to functions of Congress. Other functions are such as:
ratifying treaties with other countries, confirming presidential appointments,checking that
whether government is spending the tax money on right things.
The last one is Judicial branch combined of judges and courts.Federal judges are hired by
the president and then confirmed by the Senate . They are appointed for life but they can be
removed from office by impeachment from Congress . They can fire by themselves due to their
own conscience. There is a hierarchy of federal courts in the United States. 94 U.S District
Courts which cover different regions of the country and handle most federal cases. Then, above
of this, there are 13 courts of appeals. The highest court in U.S is the Supreme Court, included 9
justices and other Supreme Court members nominated by president and confirmed by Senate.It
has not a lot of trials.Main function of it is to review cases that have been appealed from the
lower courts. Even though around 7500 requests are sent to this Supreme Court each year, they
only consider around 150 important enough to review. The jobs of the courts is to interpret the
laws of the Congress and to make decisions on actual case where someone has shown that they
have been harmed. Everyone has the right to a fair trial due to Constitution statements. If the one
side feels like the trial was not fair in one court, they can appeal to a higher court, which may
overturn the decision or keep it the same. There is no appealing a Supreme Court decision in
highest court, Supreme Court.
Three of these have relevant and different powers included to the articles of
constitution.These powers are balanced by checks and balances system which is called
separation powers.Each one has checks on it from the other branches that are made to protect the
branch from becoming too powerful. For instance, president balances the power of the other two
branches by having power to veto the laws of congress and appointing the judges of the supreme
Court.The Congress is able to create laws and in special issue, remove the President from office.
The Congress also gets to approve the Presidents nominations to the Supreme Court, which can
declare a low unconstitutional and has the final say on many court cases.
The United States was in the darkest nights during first Constitution,Articles of
Confederation. There was no way to get money under it for U.S government,which was facing
with debts to foreign countries.The government became too weak and need a new one.After
some debate in May of 1787,there were two plans for constitution:virginia Plan represented
number of representatives to Congress to be based on state 's poulation,and New Jersey Plan
represented number of representatives to be some for each state.In the end, the great
Compromise was reached. It allowed to Virginia Plan At First, the arms of constitution was to
create a powerful enough and light-revealed government, but also created the balance of power
between the three branches of government to avoid the addiction to power. Including the
legislative, executive and Judicial power, there are seven articles organized in Constitution. In
the vivid way, we can say that Constitution save the lives of Americans. Since the Constitution
of U.S is to form a more perfect Union, establish justice,insure domestic Tranquility, promote the
general Welfare, provide for the common defense and secure the blessings of liberty to posterity,
We can see how important this is.So,Now that United States is standing at the line of highest
development thanks to this is Constitution ,that created the essential three branches of
government.