The History of WiFi: 1971 to

Today

The first version of the 802.11 protocol

was released in 1997, and provided up to
2 Mbit/s link speeds. This was updated
in 1999 with 802.11b to permit 11 Mbit/s
link speeds. In 1999, the Wi-Fi Alliance
formed as a trade association to hold
the Wi-Fi trademark under which most
IEEE 802.11 products are sold.
Definition
Wi-Fi is a wireless technology used
to connect computers,
tablets, smartphones and other
devices to the internet.
Wi-Fi is the radio signal sent from
a wireless router to a nearby
device, which translates the signal
into data you can see and use. The
device transmits a radio signal
back to the router, which connects to the
internet by wire or cable.

Hedy Lamarr (1914-2000 ) and George

Antheil (1900 – 1959 ) invented a system
which allowed radio waves to jump onto
different frequencies .
What is a Wi-Fi network?
A Wi-Fi network is simply an
internet connection that’s shared
with multiple devices in a home or
business via a wireless router. The
router is connected directly to your
internet modem and acts as a hub
to broadcast the internet signal to
all your Wi-Fi enabled devices. This
gives you flexibility to stay
connected to the internet as long
as you’re within your network
coverage area.
What does Wi-Fi stand for?
The term was created by
a marketing firm because the
wireless industry was looking for a
user-friendly name to refer to some
not so user-friendly technology
known as IEEE 802.11 and the
name stuck. Wi-Fi, often referred to
as WiFi, wifi, wi-fi or wi fi, is often
thought to be short for Wireless
Fidelity and the organization that
paid for the marketing firm is
sometimes referred to as the
Wireless Fidelity Alliance Inc.
How does Wi-Fi work?
Wi-Fi uses radio waves to transmit
data from your wireless router to
your Wi-Fi enabled devices like
your TV, smartphone, tablet and
computer. Because they
communicate with each other over
airwaves, your devices and
personal information can become
vulnerable to hackers, cyber-
attacks and other threats. This is
especially true when you connect
to a public Wi-Fi network at places
like a coffee shop or airport. When
possible, it’s best to connect to a
wireless network that is
password-protected or a personal
hotspot.
Types of Wi-Fi connections
Your options for connecting
wirelessly at home are growing as
mobile networks expand into the
home internet realm. As with
internet service, there are
advantages and disadvantages to
each type of wireless connection,
such as speed and strength of
signal. We’ve outlined a few of
them here.
Wireline/router
Most homes use a wireless
router to access the internet
these days. The pros include
convenience of setup, mobility
within range of the Wi-Fi access
point (router) and the ability to
connect multiple devices. The
cons: limited bandwidth and
reduced speed as more devices are
connected to the same Wi-Fi
network, as well as potential
interference from other
electromagnetic devices in the
home.

Lifi History:
LiFi (light fidelity) is a bidirectional
wireless system that transmits data via
LED or infrared light. It was first
unveiled in 2011 and, unlike wifi, which
uses radio frequency, LiFi technology
only needs a light source with a chip to
transmit an internet signal through light
waves.

Harald Haas
The term was first introduced by Harald
Haas during a 2011 TEDGlobal talk in
Edinburgh. Li-Fi is a light
communication system that is capable
of transmitting data at high speeds over
the visible light, ultraviolet, and infrared
spectrums.
What is lifi technology?
LiFi (light fidelity) is a bidirectional
wireless system that transmits data via
LED or infrared light. It was first unveiled
in 2011 and, unlike wifi, which uses radio
frequency, LiFi technology only needs a
light source with a chip to transmit an
internet signal through light waves.
This is an extraordinary advance over
today's wireless networks. LiFi multiplies
the speed and bandwidth of wifi, 3G and
4G. The latter have a limited capacity and
become saturated when the number of
users surfing increases, causing them to
crash, reducing speeds and even
interrupting the connection.
The history of the Internet
and its evolution
The internet traces its roots to a US defense department
project in the 1960s born out of (pdf) the Cold War, and a
desire to have armed forces communicate over a connected,
distributed network. The military’s research arm, the
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), began work on
a communication project, which led to the creation of
ARPANET, one of the earliest iterations of computers
talking to each other on a network. ARPANET eventually
connected military installations, third-party contractors, and
a handful of universities in the US. By the mid-1970s,
ARPANET had connected to NORSAR, a US-Norwegian
system designed to monitor seismic activity from
earthquakes or nuclear blasts, over satellite. The Norwegian
system then connected to computers in London, and
eventually, other parts of Europe
In the 1970s, the ARPANET grew to include additional universities
and research centers, and email was introduced as a means of
communication. In the early 1980s, the National Science
Foundation (NSF) established the Computer Science Network
(CSNET) to provide networking capabilities to researchers who
did not have access to the ARPANET. This
was the first step toward creating a more
widespread network of interconnected
computers

Dial-up history
The first dial-up connection was
made in 1965 by Lawrence G.
Roberts at MIT (Massachusetts
Institute of Technology) with a
TX-2 computer and Tom Marill
with a Q-32 at SDC in California
Advantages
Dial-up service is usually the least expensive
type of Internet access, and may even be free
in some places, although often with
advertising added to it. It is also available to
anyone who has a phone line, so there's no
need for a separate connection to be added to
a home. Most computers already have
modems installed, so there's often no
additional hardware to buy to start the
service

Disadvantages
The biggest problem with dial-up Internet is
that it's slow. Due to the limited bandwidth,
which is the ability for the modem to send
and receive data, downloading large files
can take a very long time. Most dial-up
services operate no faster than 56 kilobits
per second (kbps); downloading a file that's
several megabytes (MB) large would likely
take several hours, which makes it too slow
for streaming video or music. Saving copies
(called "caching") of frequently visited
pages and other software tricks can speed up
the experience in some cases, but most
people who want to access a lot of
multimedia will likely find the speed
unsatisfactory.
Dial-up Internet also depends on the regular
telephone line, which means that a home
must pay for regular phone service to
connect. The phone cannot be used for any
other purpose, like voice calls, while the
computer is using the line in most cases, and
any disruption to the line will typically
break the connection. In most situations, the
user must dial in to the service each time he
or she wants to get online, which means that
the connection isn't always on; it's also
likely to disconnect if the connection isn't
being used for some period of time. In
addition, only one computer can use the
phone line at a time.

Dial-up Introduction

A dial-up is a connection that's

established using a modem. To
make the dial-up connection,
the modem must connect to an
active phone line that is not in
use. When connecting, the
modem picks up the phone and
dials a number that's attached
to another computer. After the
connection is made the
computer can check e-mail,
browse the Internet, and share
files.