Module code and title: BM 565 Digital Business and New Technologies

Module leader: Dr Muhammad Haque

Word Count: 2007

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 London School of science and technology
Digital Business and New Technologies
Report Topic:

Student full name:

BNU ID:

LSST ID:

Lecturer:

Date:

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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................4
Part-1.....................................................................................................................................................5
Importance of cloud computing to the business...............................................................................5
Development of Cloud-Computing....................................................................................................5
Description and Usage of cloud computing.......................................................................................6
Technological platforms and software are used in Cloud-Computing...............................................6
Cloud computing as a business tool and its effectiveness.................................................................7
Part-2.....................................................................................................................................................7
Relationship of cloud computing and the nature of cloud computing in business and its relationship
with emerging new and old theories of management...........................................................................7
Contingency Theory...........................................................................................................................8
Decision-Making Theory....................................................................................................................8
Quantitative Theory...........................................................................................................................9
Human Relation Theory.....................................................................................................................9
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................10
References...........................................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
The process of obtaining computing power electronically is provided by cloud computing.
Storing and data centers can now be managed by a third-party service provider, leading to the
evolution of the word (Alleweldt et al., 2014). Cloud computing makes companies access
their data from any location, at any time, offering a more dynamic and worldwide approach
to collecting information. This report contains the importance of cloud computing in
business. It also includes the effectiveness, development, and tools of this technology. The
last part of this report contains the management theory and its relation to digital technologies.
The applications of this technology to the Unilever company are described.

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Part-1

Importance of cloud computing to the business

Among the many important cloud-based solutions provided, there is the expanded
adaptability, portability, and sustainability of the cloud platform. Keeping a well-thought-out
backup system is crucial for firms that hold company data (Catlett, 2015). It's essential to
explore how cloud storage may help firms with their continuous innovation when discussing
the relevance of cloud computing in corporations. In today's fast-changing world, it can be
crucial for organizations to extend and react to changing market needs if their IT framework
is archaic. Organizations that don't have a competitive edge over other companies will be left
behind by their rival companies, which are growing more and more tech-savvy. Cloud-based
infrastructure is essential for a company's capacity to expand its operational capabilities and
requires businesses from a digital perception by delivering adjustable, on-demand access to
the technology. With the assistance of different technology providers, Google Cloud and
Unilever created a comprehensive management console. Unilever's distribution network will
be better considered indicative, and a better method of identifying development will be
constructed, resulting in greater accountability and the maintenance of the most vital
landscape and ecological areas (Philips, 2016).

Development of Cloud-Computing
During the 1960s, RJE (Remote Job Entry) became a common phrase for time-sharing; this
framework was mostly affiliated with large vendors like IBM and DEC. As early as the
beginning 1970s, such frameworks as Multics provided full alternatives for workers. Virtual
private network (VPN) facilities were first supplied by information technology firms in the
1990s, which had previously predominantly offered specialized point-to-point connectivity
(Catlett, 2015). Companies could exploit the internet bandwidth more efficiently by
rearranging traffic as needed to manage server load. Rackspace Hosting and NASA
established a fully accessible web services venture called OpenStack in July 2010. This fully
accessible effort is intended to assist companies that provide cloud-based services using
standard technology. OpenStack Applications or computing packages that can be run fully on
internet platforms are known as cloud-based services or information technology solutions
(Benn, 2017).

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Description and Usage of cloud computing
The concept of "cloud computing" includes distributing a variety of services through the
Internet. Methodologies and services, including databases, systems, and collaboration, are
among the resources available. Information can be located in a cloud platform, known as a
"cloud," in cloud applications (Alleweldt et al., 2014). Service providers allow customers to
create files and programs in faraway locations and acquire that material through the Internet.
This means that the client needn't be in a selected point to avail of it, allowing a person to
work anywhere. From the point of view of Unilever, Cloud computing eliminates the cost of
analysis and processing and processing data from one’s hardware and delivers it under the
control of a central server. These certain operations are sent several into cyberspace to
massive computer systems. Many tasks of Unilever are being handled out on massive
workstation systems thousands of miles away in cyberspace (Osypanka and Nawrocki, 2020).
It is used to store big data, analytics, Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Data backup, disaster
recovery, etc.

Technological platforms and software are used in Cloud-Computing.

Cloud solutions and technologies are a fast-growing industry. Big data analysis, the Internet
of Things, automation, and even connected products applications servicing are all modern
technologies that require a lot of computational powe (Catlett, 2015) r. Businesses now have
an alternative to developing their networks and services in the shape of cloud computing and
cloud platform services. Cloud resources provided by Google are known as Google Cloud
Platform (GCP). Information technology, connectivity, data management, machine learning
(ML), and IoT technology are all areas where it assists businesses and individuals (IoT).
Various cloud administration and management features are also included. It is Microsoft's
Azure that supplies the company's cloud technology. With this service, Microsoft disciples
might rest assured that their data is safe and secure in Microsoft-managed network
infrastructure. IBM Cloud computing platform (PaaS) and technology as service options are
included in IBM's Bluemix cloud computing platform. Bluemix IaaS allows a company to
construct and acquire virtualized compute, store, and networking devices via the internet
(Hataba, Sherif and Elkhouly, 2022). In a time of a dynamic world, almost all the
organizations related to education, healthcare, financial institutions, banks, hospitality, and
insurance are taking the benefits of cloud computing. Unilever is not out of them.

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Cloud computing as a business tool and its effectiveness
Cloud computing is a more current solution to long-term business requirements. Cloud
computing enables businesses to access information from any device compatible with the
cloud. Cloud computing saves data in a remote location rather than locally on a user's
computer or a server in an office. There is software used by businesses, but it is not
commonplace among individuals (Osypanka and Nawrocki, 2020). Even though dedicated
software is frequently implemented on the corporate network in the office, cloud computing
users can access all types of files and activities as if they were in the workplace. Obtaining
and sustaining server hardware involves resources such as time, competence, and expense.
Instead of establishing your system sensitive to unavailability, cloud computing keeps
company data for you without any limitations. A move to the cloud helps Unilever save on IT
design and control. Unilever can effectively adapt its procedures, and data transfer needs to
meet its emerging needs, providing to accommodate conditions (Osypanka and Nawrocki,
2020). In a platform alliance system, Unilever can engage and share increasingly easily than
before.

Part-2

Relationship of cloud computing and the nature of cloud

computing in business and its relationship with emerging new and
old theories of management
Cloud technology has made it possible for most of today's emerging industry practices to
perform more effectively on a distant server than on their own industry’s built-in
technologies. A very big thanks to the arrival of internet and broadband service. Dropbox,
SalesForce.com, and Slack are some of the most popular examples of cloud computing that
have already been used by emerging business firms like Unilever (Alginahi and Nomani
Kabir, 2018). Unilever is getting highly benefited from the use of cloud technology. They
have grasped the concept of E-commerce and operate their business activity throughout their
national boundaries with the help of E-commerce. With the advent of cloud technology,
organizations save both their time and effort by enhancing employment and cooperation and
fostering innovation and creativity. For medium and small-sized business firms, cloud-based

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applications offer numerous extra advantages closely related to the firm’s development in
their management and operational activities, so as for Unilever.
Utilizing their own Personal Data Centers, Unilever is attaining this goal to become more and
more developed with cloud technologies. In around 26 regions, their data concentrate on the
following regions: societal intelligence, interactive marketing centers, and customer
relationship management (Iliev and Ignatova, 2019). It has been possible for the company to
obtain a greater knowledge of their consumer needs and demands by using cloud-based
automation services in their daily managerial and business activities. The tools they use are
interpretation and visualization techniques and computational linguistics. With the help of
various tools and information, Unilever has been capable of creating more efficient
promotional activities. There is a huge difference between the early management
prescriptions and today’s management practices (Sudarshan Rao, 2016). The relationship of
early management theories with today’s cloud-based firm’s management practices will be
discussed in the following:
In today’s dynamic business world, contemporary management has a significant impact. In
terms of maximizing the value of its processes, researchers and academics have examined
and investigated corporate and local business management. Some various strategies and
concepts have been in use for a long period now (Iliev and Ignatova, 2019). It’s not unusual
to see comparable managerial practices in the workplace. Companies frequently standardize
their product and services to become more developed and efficient in their management
process. Cloud computing has made it easier and more flexible for businesses to grow better
in their regular managerial practices. Some of the early management theories are:

Contingency Theory
One person can’t probably accommodate the best leadership techniques according to this
theory. It’s possible that something that performs best in one circumstance may not be
appropriate for another. Some of the aspects that affect the company’s ability to progress
include the traits of managers and team members and the information they need to make a
sensible judgment (Jones and Hill, 2016). Managers have access to more specialized and
thorough knowledge than they had before. They have developed themselves with the use of
cloud-based technologies like using cell phones, personal technology, and so on. These can
help businesses make better decisions and give appropriate solutions to emerging managerial
and other problems (Lazebnyk and Voitenko, 2022).

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Decision-Making Theory
Due to today's challenging business environment, collecting a large amount of data from
various authentic sources has become so difficult for supervisors. For this reason, new
technology advancements, collection of foreign and domestic connectivity, and the use of E-
commerce and other cloud-based technology have become so important (Lazebnyk and
Voitenko, 2022). These allow the flow of documentation faster and make a business's
decision-making easier and less time-consuming for business managers. The early decision-
making process was based on handwritten documents, which are now totally replaced by
cloud-based decision-making processes.

Quantitative Theory
A quantitative approach is applied in the strategic plan of the management unit through the
use of statistical approaches such as modeling tactics and statistical packages. Companies are
seen as judgment entities by the use of this approach (Jones and Hill, 2016). Numerical
simulations with relevant considerations and quantitative terms can be used efficiently in
decision-making procedures. Mathematics and statistics are used too in cloud-based
technology to simplify complex systems, processes or relationships into linear regression
models and formulas in the field of management.

Human Relation Theory

The managerial strategy emphasizes employee behavior and engagement with business,
connections, group processes, and style of leadership as key elements in determining the
success of the organization (Jones and Hill, 2016). Respected, collaborative, and
communicative managers are regarded as more effective than autocratic regimes from a
humanistic viewpoint. In today’s competitive business market, cloud-based technologies like
Salesforce.com and other E-commerce websites have made it easier to keep closer to
management and their workforce. Managers are learning new and newer techniques to
develop their leadership styles, and the human force enjoys working in a cooperative and
friendly environment (Lazebnyk and Voitenko, 2022).
Businesses are developing gradually and trying to cope with the challenges they face in the
dynamic market. The way managers used to operate the business in past decades has already
been replaced by today's digital technology. Today's business managers are generating ideas
from early prescriptions of management theories and replacing those with a better source of
knowledge and understanding that is helping the firms grow faster. Unilever is a global

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business trying to compete with its competitors by using early management theories in a new
and productive way (Lefebvre, 2021).

Conclusion
The reasonable inference from this report is that there has never been a greater opportunity
for supervisors to put their heads in the clouds, contributing to the expanding dimensions in
which the business is headed. The term "cloud computing" has only been used for a short
period (Alleweldt et al., 2014). Engagement between Unilever and Google Cloud for cloud
computing helps the company gain greater insight into its environmental impact and design
successful product line adjustments. Using E-commerce and other cloud computing
technologies, they've been able to adapt to a wide range of changes in their business
operations and their production strategy, personalization, and more (Lefebvre, 2021).

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References

Alginahi, Y. and Nomani Kabir, M., 2018. Authentication technologies for cloud technology,
IoT, and big data. 2nd ed. London: Pearson.

Alleweldt, F., Kara, S., Fielder, A., Brown, I., Weber, V. and McSpedden-Brown, N., 2014.
Cloud computing. 2nd ed. Brussels: European Parliament.

Benn, A., 2017. IEEE Cloud Computing Call for Papers: Intelligence in the Cloud. IEEE
Cloud Computing, 3(5), pp.25-25.

Catlett, C., 2015. Cloud computing and big data. 1st ed. Amsterdam: IOS Press.

Hataba, M., Sherif, A. and Elkhouly, R., 2022. Enhanced Obfuscation for Software
Protection in Autonomous Vehicular Cloud Computing Platforms. IEEE Access, 10,
pp.33943-33953.

Iliev, R. and Ignatova, K., 2019. Implementation of Cloud Technologies for Building Data
Centers in Defence and Security. Information & Security: An International Journal,
43(1), pp.89-97.

Jones, G. and Hill, C., 2016. Management Theory. 2nd ed. Australia:
South-Western/CENGAGE Learning.

Lazebnyk, L. and Voitenko, V., 2022. DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURAL

ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT. Financial and credit activity problems of theory and
practice, 6(41), pp.203-210.

Lefebvre, V., 2021. Business group affiliation in rural contexts: Do small firms grow faster
through working capital management?. Growth and Change, 52(4), pp.2453-2476.

Osypanka, P. and Nawrocki, P., 2020. Resource Usage Cost Optimization in Cloud
Computing Using Machine Learning. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, pp.1-1.

Philips, A., 2016. IEEE Cloud Computing Call for Papers Connecting Fog and Cloud
Computing. IEEE Cloud Computing, 3(4), pp.c2-c2.

Sudarshan Rao, S., 2016. Use of Knowledge Management Tools and Techniques in
Academic Libraries in India: A Study. SRELS Journal of Information Management, 53(5),
p.367.

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