BHAVAN’S PUBLIC SCHOOL, DOHA, QATAR

GEOGRAPHY-VII NOTES 2023-24

Chapter: 1. ENVIRONMENT
Prepared by
Mr Vinod
Mr Radhesh

Introduction
The nature, place, people, things, etc. that surrounding the living organisms make the
environment.
· It has three components: Natural, human and human-made.
· It is a combination of both natural as well as man-made phenomena.
· Natural environment comprises biotic and abiotic-conditions, whereas the man-made
phenomena comprises the activities and interactions among human beings.

· Natural Environment:
(i) Lang, water, air, plants and animals comprises the natural environment.
(ii) Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere are the four domains of the
natural environment.
(iii) Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It contains landforms
like mountains, plateaus, plains and valleys.
(iv) Hydrosphere is the domain of water. It comprises water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas,
oceans, etc.
(v) The atmosphere is the thin layer of earth that surrounds the earth. It protects us from the
harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun.
(vi) Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other
to support life.

· What is Ecosystem?
(i) The relation between the living organisms as well as the relation between the
organisms and their surrounding form the ecosystem.
(ii) There could be an ecosystem of large rainforest, grassland, desert, mountains, lake,
river, ocean and even a small pond.

· Human Environment:
(i) Human beings interact with the environment and modify it according to their needs.
(ii) Early humans adapted themselves to their natural surroundings.
(iii) With time, humans learnt to grow new things, domesticate animals and lead a settled life.
(iv) Industrial revolution, transportation and information revolution and information
made communication easier and speedy across the world.
Environment: The place, people, things and nature that surround any living organism is
called the environment.

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Biotic: It refers to the world of living organisms, such as plants and animals.

Abiotic: It refers to the world of non-living elements such as land.

Hydrosphere: It refers to the water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, etc. on the earth.

Atmosphere: It is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth.

Ecosystem: The relation between the living organisms, as well as the relation between the
organisms and their surroundings, form an ecosystem.

Barter system: A trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money.

Question 1.
What is a source of mineral wealth?
(a) Atmosphere
(b) Biosphere
(c) Lithosphere

: (c) Lithosphere
Question 2.
The domain OF water is referred to as:
(a) Hydrosphere
(b) Atmosphere
(c) Lithosphere

: (a) Hydrosphere
Question 3.
Who protect earth from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the Sun?
(a) Mechanical Force
(b) Gravitational Force
(c) Atmosphere

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: (c) Atmosphere
Question 4.
Which of the Following is a human made environment?
(a) Hydrosphere
(b) Economic
(c) Industries

: (c) Industries
Question 5.
When is the world environment day is celebrated?
(a) 5 July
(b) 5 June
(c) 5 January

: (b) 5 June
Question 6.
What is Environer/Environner means?
(a) Environment
(b) Aquarium
(c) Neighbourhood

: (c) Neighbourhood
Question 7.
Which one has solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth?
(a) Lithosphere
(b) Hydrosphere
(c) Atmosphere

: (a) Lithosphere

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Question 8.
Plant and animal kingdom together made:
(a) Atmosphere
(b) Hydrosphere
(c) Biosphere

: (c) Biosphere

Question 9.
Which one has thin layer of air that surrounds the earth?
(a) Atmosphere
(b) Biosphere
(c) Hydrosphere

: (a) Atmosphere
Question 10.
Which is not a component of human environment?
(a) Land
(b) Religion
(c) Community
(d) All of these

: (a) Land
Land is not a component of human environment. Human beings make cars, mills, Factories
and road
Question 11.
Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert
(b) Aquarium
(c) Forest
(d) None OF these

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(b) Aquarium
Question 12.
What is the solid crust OF the earth is called?
(a) Atmosphere
(b) Lithosphere
(c) Crust
(d) All OF these

: (b) Lithosphere
Lithosphere is the solid crust OF the earth. It is made up OF rocks and minerals and covered
by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular surface with various landforms such as mountains,
plateaus, plains, valleys, etc.
Question 13.
When is world Environment Day is celebrated?
(a) 5th January
(b) 5th June
(c) 5th August
(d) None OF these

: (c) 5th August

: (c) Environment

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Environment is our basic life support system. It provides the air we breathe, the water we
drink, the Food we eat and the land where we live.
Question 15.
Match the following
Column I Column Il

1. Landforms (a) Domain OF water

2. Human made (b) Bridges

3. biosphere (c) Communication

4. Gravitational Force (d) Continents and ocean Floors

5. Information revolution (e) Holds the atmosphere

ANSWER
Column I Column Il

1. Landforms (d) Continents and ocean Floors

2. Human made (b) Bridges

3. biosphere (a) Domain OF water

4. Gravitational Force (e) Holds the atmosphere

5. Information revolution (c) Communication

1. What is an ecosystem?
Ans:An ecosystem is the interaction between all living things with their physical ,chemical
and biological environment i.e. their surroundings.
2.What do you mean by natural environment?
Ans:Natural environment comprises all living and non living things occurring naturally or
free gifts of nature. The different domains of natural environment are air ,water, land and
living elements.
3. Which are the major components of the environment?

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Ans:They are;
Natural>Air,water,land and living things
Human>Individual,family,community and religion
Artificial>Road,buildings,cars,parks etc
4.What is lithosphere?
Ans:Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and
minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.

5. Which are the two major components of the biotic environment?

Ans: Plants and animals are the two major components of a biotic environment.

6.What is the biosphere?

Ans:It is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water, and air interact with each other to
support life.

7. Man modifies his environment. Give reason.

Ans:Man changes his environment according to his day to day needs. For example; forests
are being cut to develop townships for accommodating growing population.

8. Plants and animals depend on each other.Give reason

Ans:Plants and animals depend on each other because plants are the producers and animals
are the consumers.

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