Blood Transfusions
Blood Transfusions
Blood Transfusions
Blood Groups
2 Blood Typing
Cross-Matching
Hema Quebec
3
Blood Donors
Blood & Blood Products
4 Nursing Considerations
Administering Blood
Transfusion Reactions
Blood
Transfusions
1
Introduction
Why transfuse blood?
1) To restore
intravascular (blood)
volume
2) To restore the bloods
ability to transport
oxygen and carbon
dioxide, to clot, and to
fight infection.
1
Introduction
1
Introduction
Blood is the fluid flowing through our veins and arteries. It’s made up of
Blood Groups,
plasma and Typing
a yellow liquid that is & Cross-Matching
composed of 90% water containing 3
types of cells: red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Plasma also
contains….
(Hema-Quebec, 2012)
BLOOD GROUPS
1 2 Blood
Introductio
n
RHESUS (Rh) FACTOR
Positive (Rh+) Negative (Rh-)
Absence of Rh factor on
Presence of Rh factor on blood
blood When exposed to Rh
factor, these individuals
Present in approximately
develop Rh antibodies
85% of people
(Example?)
1 2 Blood
Introductio
n
Blood Type (Determined by antigen)
BLOOD TYPING & CROSS-MATCHING
1 2 Blood
Introductio
n
HÉMA QUÉBEC Since March 26, 1998
4045 Côte-Vertu Blvd.
Saint-Laurent, Québec H4R 2W7
Telephone: 514-832-5000
Toll-free: 1-888-666-HEMA (4362)
Fax: 514-832-1021
[email protected]
1 2 3 Hema
Introduct Quebec
ion Blood
BLOOD DONORS
Rigorous process
Most donors are unpaid volunteers
Who can donate?
https://www.hema-quebec.qc.ca/sang/donneur-sang/puis-je-donner/
index.en.html
Autologous Red
Blood Cells
1 2 3 Hema
Introduct Quebec
ion Blood
BLOOD TRANSFUSION
1. Assess need for BT
2. Consent & Baseline
Assess
3. Verify MD orders
4. Blood Type & Screen
5. Notify Blood Bank
6. Prepare for
administration
7. Double verification
8. Baseline VS
9. Blood administration
10. Follow-up 1 VS 2 3 Hema 4
11. Monitor for reactions
Introduction
Blood Quebec Transfusio
n
Blood,
Plasma and
Platelet IV
Tubing Setup
1 2 3 Hema 4
Introduction Quebec Transfusio
Blood n
TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
Fever
Allergic Reaction
Circulatory Overload
Sepsis
1 2 3 Hema 4
Introduction Quebec Transfusio
Blood n
NURSING
CONSIDERATIONS
1 2 3 Hema 4
Introduction Quebec Transfusio
Blood n
Acute Fever Allergy Circulator Sepsis TRALI
Hemolyti y Overload
c
Stop Stop Stop Slow Stop Oxygen
Transfusio Transfusio Transfusio down Transfusio
n& n & Notify n & Notify infusio n & Notify
Notify MD MD n MD IVF to
MD Raise maintain
Treat Collect BP
Shock Antipyretic Antihistami HOB
s as Rx (High BCs and
(if ne & Meds Send
as Rx Fowlers) Diuretic
present bloods s as Rx
)Blood and to
Urine Notify BB/TS
samples MD
Monitor IVF &
Maintain BP with IV VS & Abx as
colloid solutions. airways Diuretics Rx
Diuretics as Rx to & O2 &
maintain urine flow. Morphine
Restart as Rx
transfusio
Monito n slowly
r VS & (ONLY
I/O mild
(Foley) cases)
(Kozier et al., 2004)
1 2 3 Hema 4
Introduction Quebec Transfusio
Blood n
Blood Transfusion: Other Specific Cases
Kozier, B. J., Erb, G., Berman, A. T., Snyder, S., Buck, M., Yiu,
L., &
Stamler, L. L. (2012). Fundamentals of Canadian nursing:
Concepts, process, and practice (3rd ed.).
Kozier, B., Erb, G., Berman, A. J., Burke, K., Bouchal, D. S., &
Hirst, S. P.
(2004). Fundamentals of Nursing: The nature of nursing
practice in Canada (1st ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-
Hall.
References
Images
http://www.clpna.com/2013/07/free-lpn-learning-
module-on-handling-adverse-transfusion-reactions/
http://academicobgyn.com/2011/09/04/taking-care-of-the-dying-jehovah
%E2%80%99s-witness/
http://www.swattourniquet.com/orange/
http://www.asons.co.uk/medical-negligence/negligence-claims/blood-transfusion-
compensation/
https://www.eheandme.com/news_articles/549653656
http://www.animalzoo.ro/animale-bizare-cu-nume-de-vedete/
http://www.paramountfitness.co.uk/training-fitness-nottingham/protein-and-
some-unfamiliar-sources-to-help-up-your-intake
http://www.canstockphoto.de/illustration/infektion.html
http://modifylifestyle.com/cancer-brief-introduction/
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-importance-of-blood-type-for-a-blood-
transfusion.htm
http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health/blood-groups-a-b-ab-run-higher-
diabetes-risk-than-group-o/20467.html
http://www.hema-quebec.qc.ca/hema-quebec/profil/historique.en.html
http://www.iran-daily.com/News/55530.html
http://www.dailytech.com/Hobby+Lobby+Ruling+Raises+Question+
+Can+Religious+Doctors+Deny+Transfusions/article36148.htm
http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-nurse-helping-senior-to-walk-
image23622121