Module 2: Internet 2022-2023

Unit 2: Internet and Cybercrime

1.1 Warm-up: Speaking

A. Quickly sketch one or two diagrams to more clearly convey the relationships described. You
will need a blank piece of paper.

Jane is married to Tom and they live at No. 8. Tom's sister Dawn lives at No. 20 and has three
children, Peter, Paul and Mary. Her partner Derek left her 4 years ago and moved to Scotland, but
now she is living with John. John has two children of his own, Tim and Nicholas, from his marriage to
Julie. Keith and Pamela are Tom's and Dawn’s parents, but Pamela died last year. Keith now lives
alone at No. 18.
B. Now describe to each other what you have in your drawing without looking at the text
above.

1.2 Pre-reading
When online, what do you like doing most? Rank these and share your rankings with your
partner.
chat ( )
e-mail ( )
finding out information ( )
games ( )
looking at videos ( )
reading news ( )
shopping ( )
social networking (Facebook, etc.) ( )

ADDICTED? Are you dependent on the Internet? Complete this table and show what you
wrote to your partner.

How often do you… Answer

check your email before doing other

things?

really want to get online?

say “just a few more minutes” when

online?

lie about how long you spend online?

choose to be on the Internet instead of

going out with friends?

feel much happier after logging on?

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How long do you spend online every day?

1.3 Reading
Insert the following words into the gaps in the text:
resembling, impatient, called, reported, concluded, addicted, negatively, changing, telltale, instead,
compared, quizzed, complain, interaction, absorbed, sure

Internet addiction
The New York Times has 1)____________ on a problem that many of us have but are not aware of –
Internet addiction. According to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are 2)____________ to
being online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more forgetful and
3)____________. Ms Parker-Pope writes about various reports highlighting how technology is
4)____________ people. In one, she quotes cyber-psychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says: “More
and more, life is 5)____________ the chat room.” He said we are living in “virtual lifestyles” which is
6)____________ affecting our real-life relationships. Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist from
Melbourne University in Australia, 7)____________ in a recent study that ten per cent of young
people had what she 8)____________ “Internet dependence”.

Tara Parker-Pope 9)____________ experts in this field on what the signs are of being overly
10)____________ in technology. She came up with seven indicators of “tech overload”. The first is
whether you check our e-mail before doing other things. Another 11)____________ sign is if you
always anticipate and look forward to your next online visit – a 12)___________ sign of dependence
and addiction. The third point is if you say, "just a few more minutes" when someone wants you.
Parker-Pope found your 13)____________ with others also says a lot about how important the
Internet is 14)____________ with family and friends; do you lie about how much time you spend
online or choose to surf the Net 15)____________ of go out with others? Other giveaways include
the “online lift” that stops you being unhappy, and when others 16)____________ about you always
being online.

Reading Comprehension

1. TRUE / FALSE: From the text, see if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).
a) Most people know about the problem of being addicted to the Internet. T / F
b) A reporter said there are thousands of online addicts. T / F
c) A cyber-psychologist said life is getting to become like a chat room. T / F
d) A researcher found 10% of youngsters are addicted to the Web. T / F
e) The reporter found seven giveaway signs of Internet addiction. T / F
f) One sign is asking for an extra few hours online. T / F
g) Lying about how much time you spend online suggests you’re addicted. T / F
h) Another sign is when you feel the need to lift up your laptop. T / F

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2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

1. Addiction a) Different
2. Forgetful b) Expect
3. Various c) Impacting
4. Resembling d) Immersed
5. Affecting e) Obsession
6. Quizzed f) Communication
7. Absorbed g) Looking like
8. Anticipate h) Absent-minded
9. Interaction i) Moan
10. Complain j) Questioned

1.4 Grammar: Verb + ing/infinitive

…the Internet appears to be the one with the most potential…

The international auction site eBay allows millions of participants to buy…
…remember to double-check important facts…
Many people remember watching…
…consider purchasing a reliable online encyclopedia…
Look at the highlighted sentences and match these verbs with their patterns.

1 appear a) followed by the infinitive

2 allow b) followed by either the infinitive or the –ing form with a different meaning
3 consider c) followed by the object and infinitive
4 remember d) followed by the –ing form
 He promised to marry her. (verb + infinitive)
 He persuaded the students to work harder. (verb + object + infinitive)
 He dislikes washing the dishes. (verb + -ing form)

Look at the following pairs of sentences and discuss the differences between the verb patterns.

1 a) I remember watching the first TV reports of the tsunami.

b) Remember to lock the door when you go out.

2 a) I'll never forget meeting Brad Pitt when I went to Hollywood.

b) I won't forget to switch off the lights when I go.

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3 a) I stopped driving after three hours at the wheel.

b) I stopped to have a break for a few minutes.

4 a) I tried sending her flowers, but it had no effect.

b) I tried to persuade her to listen to me, but she wouldn't.

Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets in the infinitive or -ing form.
1. I'll never forget ____________ (attend) the Rolling Stones concert in 1999.
2. Don’t forget _______________ (buy) some coffee.
3. I remember ________________ (hear) something about how popular the movie Titanic was
in China.
4. I stopped ____________ (put) my video clips on YouTube because my friends teased me.
5. She remembered _______________ (bring) her video camera to the wedding.
6. I tried ______________ (shut down) the computer without any success.

Grammar transformation exercise

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use the words
in bold. Use between two and five words.

0 John needs to clean his office. Can you ask him? request
Can you _request John to clean____ his office?
1 He worked until he had something to eat. stop
He ________________________something to eat.
2 He reached the top of the mountain despite the weather. manage
He ________________________the top of the mountain despite the weather.
3 Why don’t you take a rest this weekend? suggest
I ________________________ a rest this weekend.
4 Of course I remember. We drove 1,000kms in one weekend. remember
Of course I ________________________1,000 kms in one weekend.
5 Please remember that you need to read the instructions carefully. forget
Don’t ________________________ carefully.
6 The cleaning company says they can do the whole house in one day. offer
The cleaning company ________________________the whole house in one day.
7 I’d like to go to a Turkish restaurant tonight. feel like
I ________________________a Turkish restaurant tonight.
8 I think you need to show some sympathy to your brother. try
Why don’t you ________________________ to your brother?

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1.5 Vocabulary
A. Understanding phrasal verbs
clear up, come up with, drop off, let down, point out
These phrasal verbs can mean all of the following in Spanish:
aclarar, apuntar, decepcionar, defraudar, dejar, enfatizar, entregar, idear, inventar, presentar,
recalcar, remarcar, resolver, señalar, solucionarse
1. You can't rely on him. He's (me) ______________________ so many times.
2. I'll ______________________ the computer at your place tomorrow.
3. He ______________________ a few things to us that we hadn't noticed.
4. He's clever, sharp and creative. He's always __________________ new innovative ideas.
5. Has he ______________________ the misunderstanding he caused?
6. We're going to meet again to ____________________ the discrepancies in the contract.
7. When selling, you should always ______________________ the things that differentiate
your product from your competitors.
8. See if you can ______________________ a better way of doing it.
9. Could you __________________ this parcel at his office? It's for him - I received it by
mistake.
10. I promised to help him and he's relying on me. I can't (him) ______________________.

Match the verbs in the table with their particles:

down off on to up
Come
Get
Go
Put
Take

Match these phrasal verbs with their meanings in Spanish. Some phrasal verbs here
are given with more than one meaning:
come off avanzar, progresar
come on continuar, durar, seguir
get down deprimir
get up empezar

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go off estallar
go on levantar, poner, aumentar, alojar
put off levantarse
put up posponer, desanimar
take off quitar, despegar
take up soltarse, despegarse
B. Understanding new words

Examine the context around the word:

 The context may help you understand the meaning of the word.
 The position of the word in the sentence can help you identify the type of word.

Examine the word:

 Prefixes (e.g. multi-, over-, re-) can give part of the meaning of the word.
 Suffixes (e.g. -ed, -ly, -ment) can help you decide on the type of word.

Look at the prefixes below. What meaning do they give a word?

bi- = __________, inter- = __________, pre- = __________,
sub- = __________, un- = __________.

Look at the suffixes below. What type of word does each suffix form?
-tion = __________, -ed = __________, -ical = __________,
-ing = __________, -ee = __________, -ly = __________.

Work in pairs. Look at the sentences below. Decide what type of word could fill each
gap. Then use the context to find a suitable word to complete the sentences.
1. If we ________________ our prices any more, we’ll start to lose customers.
2. We need to find a suitable ________________ for the meeting, big enough for
over 100 people.
3. He spoke ________________ so that those at the back of the room could hear
him.
4. This is a ________________ opportunity to enter the market. I think we could
make millions.
5. I’m ______________ disappointed with the outcome. It’s the worst possible
result.
6. She has a lot of experience. ________________, is she the right woman for
the job?

Remembering new words

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A. Some groups of words can be put in a logical sequence. Put the words into a
logical order:

1. Words describing company performance

poor/good/disastrous/encouraging/excellent/satisfactory/unsatisfactory

2. Words describing a production/supply chain:

wholesale/retail/consumer/manufacture/quality control/purchase raw materials/

product design/design test/demand analysis

B. Words can be associated with a particular topic. Put the following words into
the correct group:

agenda, AGM, accountant, balance sheet, budget, business plan, chairman, minutes,
negotiate, postpone, statistics, tax

finance meetings

Translation, Definition, Synonym:

The most important thing that a student needs to know is the meaning of a word.
a) Translation; b) Definition; c) Synonym

Business
Translation = negocio
Definition = It is an organization that produces and sells goods or
provides a service.
Synonym = Company, enterprise
Enterprise
Translation = empresa
Definition = It is a company or business (traditionally, a large business)
Synonym = Company, Firm
Warehouse
Translation = almacen
Definition = It is a large building where quantities of materials or
manufactured goods are stored until they are distributed to shops or
exported.
Synonym = Storehouse, depot

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1.6 Pre-reading

Speaking: ONLINE DANGERS

Discuss what the following words mean and decide which are the most dangerous.
 hacking, phishing, cyber-bullying, fake news, malware, scams

Vocabulary
1. alleged a. The fact or condition of being part of an event or situation.
2. involvement b. A dishonest scheme; a fraud.
3. candidate c. Made a gap in and break through a wall, barrier, security system
or defence.
4. breached d. A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.
5. scam e. Said, without proof, to have taken place or happened.
6. perpetrator f. Conforming to the law or to rules.
7. legitimate g. A person who carries out a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
8. suspect h. In a way that prevents a person from being identified by name.
9. resident i. A person thought to be guilty of a crime or offense.
10. attorney j. Obtained, done by, or involving deception, especially criminal
deception.
11. felony k. A result or effect of an action or condition.
12. fraudulent l. A lawyer.
13. anonymously m. A crime.
14. consequence n. A person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term
basis.

1.7 Reading
Insert the following words into the gaps in the text:
access, altered, breached, charged, citizens, compromised, false, felony, former, funds,
mastermind, multiple, perpetrated, profile, suspects, worth

Three people have been (1) _____________________ for their alleged involvement in the
massive hacking attack on Twitter that took place on July the 15th. Hackers hacked into 130
high- (2) _____________________ accounts, including those of (3) _____________________ US
President Barack Obama, presidential candidate Joe Biden, rapper Kanye West, Amazon CEO
Jeff Bezos and SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk. The accounts of companies like Apple and Uber
were also (4) _____________________. The hack was part of a bitcoin scam. The perpetrators
(5) _____________________ Twitter's administrative tools to gain (6) _____________________
to the accounts. They then (7) _____________________ the accounts to post legitimate-looking

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tweets that informed followers they could double any (8) _____________________ sent to a
bitcoin account.

The three (9) ________________ were arrested on Friday. One is a 19-year-old from the United
Kingdom, the other two are American (10) ________________ aged 17 and 22. The 17-year-old
is a resident of Florida. State investigators believe him to be the (11) _____________________
of the hack. A state attorney has filed 30 (12) ___________________ charges against him for
"scamming people across America". The teen faces (13) _____________________ charges,
including 10 counts of fraudulent use of personal information. A lawyer told CNN: "There is a
(14) _____________________ belief within the criminal hacker community that attacks like the
Twitter hack can be (15) ___________________ anonymously and without consequence." The
hack resulted in 415 transfers being made into the suspects' bitcoin accounts, (16) ___________
nearly $118,000.

TRUE / FALSE: Reading Comprehension

1. The Twitter attack took place earlier this month. T / F

2. Hackers accessed 130 high-profile accounts. T / F
3. The account of a former US President was hacked. T / F
4. The hackers managed to gain access to administrative tools in Twitter. T / F
5. All of the alleged perpetrators are teenagers. T / F
6. The brains behind the attack is believed to be 17 years old. T / F
7. One of the men faces 30 felony charges. T / F
8. The scam netted the perpetrators over a million dollars. T / F

Reading Comprehension Questions

1. When did the Twitter hack take place?

2. How many accounts were hacked?
3. Which rapper's account was hacked?
4. What tools did the hackers gain access to?
5. What was the return on money promised by the hackers?
6. How old is the youngest person who was arrested?
7. How many felony charges does one of the alleged hackers face?
8. What news agency was mentioned in the article?
9. Who did a lawyer say had a false belief?
10. How much money was deposited in the hackers' bitcoin accounts?

Speaking

Role A – Hacking
You think hacking is the biggest online danger. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why
their things aren't as dangerous. Also, tell the others which is the least dangerous of these (and
why): fake news, cyber-bullying.

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Role B – Fake News

You think fake news is the biggest online danger. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why
their things aren't as dangerous. Also, tell the others which is the least dangerous of these (and
why): hacking, cyber-bullying.
Role C – Cyber-Bullying
You think cyber-bullying is the biggest online danger. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them
why their things aren't as dangerous. Also, tell the others which is the least dangerous of these (and
why): fake news, hacking.

1.8 Listening
According to the video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6swtAUKzws):

Pre-Listening:
1. Cybercrime: What does it mean?

Write a definition:

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. Give examples of cybercrimes and how they function:

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
3. What is cybercrime from the perspective of gender?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Listening
4. What do cybercriminals do (according to the video)?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. How did Aunt Clarissa lose €600?

_________________________________________________________________
6. What are botnets?

__________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________

7. How many daily cybercrime victims are there? ___________________________

8. How many viruses circulate daily? _____________________________________
9. What is the EU doing to combat cybercrime?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
10. How is Thomas being careful?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

1.9 Speaking
In groups of 3 or 4, you are going to prepare some guidelines for university students to
prevent them being victims of cybercrime. These guidelines will have ten points:

1. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
10. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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Your group will present your guidelines to the rest of the class (using PowerPoint or whatever
method you prefer to visualize the guidelines).

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