Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: One

1- The botanist .............concluded that all plants are 9- The scientist who described cells as “many little
composed of cells. boxes” was
a) Theodor Schwann a) Robert Hooke
b) Robert Hooke b) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
c) Matthias Schleiden c) Theodor Schwan
d) Rudolf Virchow d) Rudolf Virchow

2- The zoologist .............concluded that all animals 10- The advantage of Anton van Leeuwenhoek’s
are composed of cells. microscopes was that
a) Theodor Schwann a) They were simple
b) Robert Hooke b) They had two lenses
c) Matthias Schleiden c) The lenses could be moved
d) Rudolf Virchow d) The lenses were ground very precisely

3- Who was the first person to identify and see cells? 11- One difference between eukaryotic and
a) Anton van Leeuwenhoek prokaryotic cells is that only
b) Matthias Schleiden a) Prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell
c) Robert Hooke membrane
d) Rudolf Virchow b) Eukaryotic cells have genetic information
c) Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus
4- Which of the following contains a nucleus? d) Eukaryotic cells have membrane -bound organelles
a) Prokaryotes
b) Eukaryotes
c) Bacteria
FILL IN THE BLANKS
d) Organelles 1- The botanist Matthias Schleiden concluded that
………………………… are composed of cells.
5- Prokaryotes lack
a) Cytoplasm 2- ………………………cell lack a membrane-bound
b) Nucleus nucleus and other organelles in cytoplasm.
c) Cell membrane
d) Genetic material 3- In prokaryotic cells, genetic materials are located
free in the…………………………..
6- Which of the following is an example of a
prokaryotic cell? 4- In eukaryotic cells, genetic materials are located in
a) Amoeba the………………………….
b) Bacterium
c) Virus 5- ………………………can change shape leave the blood
d) liver cell and enter the areas surrounding blood vessels.

7- Only eukaryotic cells have 6- Cells come only from the reproduction of……………….
a) DNA
b) Ribosomes TRUE OR FALSE
c) Membrane-bound organellesd 1- ………. Robert Hooke observed cork cells under a
d) Cytoplasm microscope.

8- One early piece of evidence supporting the cell 2- ……….. Anton van Leeuwenhoek concluded that all
theory was the observation that plants are composed of cells.
a) Only plants are composed of cells
b) Only animals are composed of cells
3-………… The cells of animals are prokaryotic.
c) Cells come from other cells
d) Animal cells come from plant cells
4-……….. Then the zoologist Theodor Schwann
concluded that all animals are composed of cells.
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: One

5-…………. An organelle is a cell component that

performs specific function for the cell.

6-………… Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound

nucleus and other organelles in cytoplasm

Define the following terms:

1-Cell:

2- Organelle:

3- Nucleus:

4- Cell membrane:

SECTION 3- 1 REVIEW

1- How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ?

2- State the three parts of the cell theory?

3- What is an organelle?

4- How do you determine whether a unicellular

organism is a prokaryote or a eukaryote?
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

1- I-Ribosomes consist of proteins and RNA 9- Which organelles are surrounded by two
II-ER is a system of membranous tubules and sacs membranes?
III-Mitochondria are usually more numerous in a) Lysosome-nucleus-chloroplast
Muscle and liver cells b) Ribosome-nucleus-chloroplast
Which statements above is/are correct? c) ER-ribosome-chloroplast
a) I d) Chloroplast-nucleus-mitochondria
b) II
c) II-III 10- The cell wall is.......... and contains long chains
d) I-II-III of............
a) Rigid-cellulose
2- The inner membrane of mitochondrion has many b) Soft-protein
long folds known as............... c) Rigid-lipid
a) Cristae d) Soft-cellulose
b) Cytoplasm
c) Cytosol 11- The most numerous organelle in many cells are
d) Matrix the.........................
a) Golgi apparatus
3- Two major components of the cytoskeleton b) Ribosome
are............ and ................. c) ER
a) Spindle fibers - microtubules d) Lysosome
b) Spindle tubules - microfilaments
c) Spindle fibers - actin 12- The cytoplasm is the between the cell membrane
d) Microfilaments - microtubules and the nucleus contains……………
a) Nucleus
4- What are 3 main components of a eukaryotic cell? b) ER
a) Cell wall-cell membrane-nucleus c) Ribosome
b) Organelles-cell wall-nucleus d) All of them
c) Cell membrane-organelles-cytoplasm
d) Cell membrane-nucleus-cytoplasm 13- Which of the following assist in the movement of
chromosomes during cell division?
5- Proteins are made on the a) Spindle fibers
a) Mitochondria b) Cilia
b) Golgi apparatus c) Microfilaments
c) Ribosome d) ER
d) Cell membrane
14- Which of the following are hair-like organelles
6- What is the function of mitochondrion in the cell? that extend from the surface and assist in
a) To make ATP movement?
b) To make proteins a) Microtubules
c) To make carbohydrates b) Cilia
d) To move proteins through the cell c) Flagella
d) b and c
7- Complete the following analogy.
Mitochondria: energy release Ribosome : ? 15- Which of the organelles is only found in plant
a) Cell support cells?
b) Protein synthesis a) Cell membrane
c) Cellular digestion b) Vacuole
d) Cellular transport c) Ribosome
d) Lysosome
8- Like the endoplasmic reticulum, the.................has
a single membrane. 16- A cell that contains a cell wall , chloroplast,
a) Mitochondrion b) Nucleus c) Golgi d) Ribosome central vacuole is a..........
a) Plant cell b) Animal cell
c) Prokaryotic cell d) Bacteria cell
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

17- A prokaryote has

a) A nuclear envelope 24-
b) A cell membrane
c) A nucleus
d) Membrane-bound organelles

18- A prokaryote has

a) Ribosome organelle Which organelle is represented in the picture above?
b) A cell membrane a) Ribosome
c) A genetic material b) Mitochondria
d) All of them c) Golgi apparatus
d) ER
19- The eukaryotic nucleus houses all of the
following except the 25-
a) RNA
b) DNA
c) Nucleolus
d) ER

20- Which structure contributes to support and

movement within a cell?
a) Cristae Which organelle is represented in the picture above?
b) Cell wall
c) Ribosome a) Ribosome
d) Microfilament b) Mitochondria
c) Golgi apparatus
21- Complete the following analogy. d) ER
Mitochondria: energy release Plastids : ?
a) Cell support 26-
b) Protein synthesis
c) Cellular digestion
d) Photosynthesis

22-

Which organelle is represented in the picture above?

a) Ribosome
b) Lysosome
c) Golgi apparatus
Which organelle is represented in the picture above?
d) ER
a) Ribosome
b) Mitochondria
27- Which of the following matches is correct?
c) Golgi apparatus
a) Vacuole-stores food or pigment
d) ER
b) Plastid-stores enzymes and wastes
c) Golgi-processes, packages substances
23- The packaging and distribution center of the cell
d) Mitochondria-synthesis proteins
is the…………
a) Ribosome
28- Which organelle are most closely associated with
b) Mitochondria
the process of cellular respiration?
c) Golgi apparatus
a) Ribosome b) Mitochondria
d) ER
c) Golgi apparatus d) ER
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

29- What are K, L and M consequently? 35- Which cell structure contains the cell’s genetic
A cell component that performs specific functions for material and controls many of the cell’s activities?
the cell called...K..... a) Organelle
The most numerous organelle is....L.... b) Cell envelope
The first person to observe living cells was…...M….. c) Nucleus
a) Organelle-Nucleus-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek d) Cytoplasm
b) Organelle-Nucleus-Robert Hooke
c) Nucleus-Ribosome-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 36- Cells fall into two broad categories are eukaryotic
d) Organelle-Ribosome-Anton Van Leeuwenhoek and prokaryotic depending on whether they
a) Have a cell wall
30- The ribosomes of all cells are sites for the b) Have a nucleus.
synthesis of …………… c) Contain genetic material.
a) ATP d) Contain chloroplasts.
b) Sugars
c) Nucleic acids 37- Eukaryotes usually contain
d) Protein a) Nucleus
b) Genetic material
31- Which organelle contains hereditary factors and c) Specialized organelles
controls most cell activities? d) All of the above
a) nucleus
b) cell membrane 38- Which cell structure contains the cell’s genetic
c) vacuole material and controls many of the cell’s activities?
d) endoplasmic reticulum a) Organelle
b) Cell envelope
32- Which statement best describes the plasma c) Nucleus
membrane of a living plant cell? d) Cytoplasm
a) It selectively regulates the passage of substances
into and out of the cell 39- Cells fall into two broad categories are eukaryotic
b) It is composed of proteins and carbohydrates only and prokaryotic depending on whether they
c) It is a double carbohydrates layer with lipid have………
molecules a) Have a cell wall
d) It is a double protein layer with lipid molecules b) Have a nucleus
c) Contain genetic material
33- Which structures are found in every living cell? d) Contain chloroplasts
a) A cell membrane and cytoplasm
b) Chloroplasts and mitochondria 40- Which of the following is NOT found in the
c) A cell wall and nucleus nucleus?
d) Centrioles and chromosomes a) Cytoplasm
b) Chromatin
34- Which cellular organelle is represented by c) Nucleolus
diagram below? d) DNA

41- Which structures carry out cell movement?

a) Cytoplasm and ribosomes
b) Nucleolus and nucleus
c) Microtubules and microfilaments
d) Chromosomes

42- Which organelle breaks down compounds into

small particles that the cell can use?
a) Golgi apparatus
a) Ribosome b) Cell membrane b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Nucleus d) Cell wall c) Lysosome
d) Mitochondrion
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

43- Which organelle makes proteins using coded 51- Which of the following structures serves as the
instructions that come from the nucleus? cell’s boundary from its environment?
a) Golgi apparatus a) Mitochondrion
b) Vacuole b) Chloroplast
C) Mitochondrion c) Cell membrane
d) Ribosome d) Channel proteins

44- Which of the following is a function of the cell 52- A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs
membrane? a specific function is called a(n)
a) Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins a) Organelle
from foods b) Tissue
b) Stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates c) Organ tissue
c) Keeps the cell wall in place d) Cell
d) Regulates which materials enter and leave the cell
53- Short, hairlike structures that protrude from the
45- The thin, flexible barrier around a cell is called surface of a cell and are packed in tight rows are
the called
a) Cell membrane a) Flagella
b) Cell envelope b) Microfilaments
c) Cell wall c) Microtubules
d) Cytoplasm d) Cilia

46- The main function of the cell wall is to 54- Which type of molecule forms a lipid bilayer
a) Support and protect the cell within a cell membrane?
b) Direct the activities of the cell a) Protein
c) Store DNA b) Nucleic acid
d) Help the cell move c) Phospholipid
d) Carbohydrate
47- Which of the following is a function of the
nucleus? 55- The cell membrane
a) Stores DNA a) encloses the contents of a cell
b) Controls most of the cell’s processes b) Allows materials to enter and leave the cell
c) Contains the information needed to make protein c) Is selectively permeable
d) All of the above d) All of the above

48- Which of the following is a function of the 56- Phospholipids are molecules that
cytoskeleton? a) Contain phosphate
a) Helps a cell keep its shape b) Have nonpolar “tails” and polar “heads.”
b) Contains DNA c) Form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane
c) Surrounds the cell d) All of the above
d) Helps make proteins
57- Cell : Cell membrane ::
49- Which of the following is an organelle found in a) Nucleus : chromosome
the cytoplasm? b) Chromosome : DNA
a) Nucleolus c) Nucleus : nuclear envelope
b) Chromatin d) Cell : DNA
c) Ribosome
d) Cell wall 58-The double membrane surrounding the nucleus is
called the
50-Which organelle would you expect to find in plant a) Nucleolus
cells? b) Ribosome
a) Mitochondrion b) Chloroplast c) Nuclear wall
c) Ribosome d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum d) Nuclear envelope
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

59- One important organelle that helps maintain 66- Microfilaments are made of a protein called ..........
homeostasis by moving substances from one part of .......... are small, spherical organelles that enclose
the cell to another is the hydrolytic enzymes
a) Endoplasmic reticulum .......... are short and in large numbers on a cell
b) Golgi apparatus Find missing terms of written sentences above
c) Mitochondrion respectively?
d) Cytoplasm a) Cilia-Actin-Lysosomes
b) Actin-Cilia-Lysosomes
60- The packaging and distribution center of the cell c) Lysosomes-Cilia-Actin
is the d) Actin-Lysosomes-Cilia
a) Nucleus
b) Central vacuole 67- Which of the followings about nucleus is
c) Golgi apparatus incorrect?
d) Nuclear envelope a) Nuclear matrix maintains shape of nucleus
b) Nucleus modifies proteins for export
61- A cell that requires a lot of energy might contain c) Nucleus stores hereditary information in its DNA
large numbers of d) The nucleus is the site where RNA is copied from
a) Chromosomes DNA
b) Mitochondria
c) Vacuoles 68- Which structures are found in every living cell?
d) Lysosomes a) a plasma membrane and cytoplasm
b) chloroplasts and mitochondria
62- Which of the following pairs contains unrelated c) a cell wall and nucleus
items? d) centrioles and chromosomes
a) Eukaryote-amoeba
b) Cell wall-animal cell 69- Which structures are used by a paramecium for
c) Ribosomes-protein movement?
d) Mitochondria-ATP a) Contractile vacuoles
b) Pseudopodia
63- The organelles associated with plant c) Flagella
photosynthesis are the d) Cilia
a) Mitochondria
b) Golgi apparatus 70- Plant cells
c) Chloroplasts a) Do not contain mitochondria
d) Vacuoles b) Have a cell wall instead of a plasma membrane
c) Have a large central vacuole instead of a Golgi
64- Which of the followings about cell membrane is apparatus
correct? d) Have chloroplasts and a cell wall
a) Peripheral proteins extend across the entire cell
membrane 71- The characteristic of a nerve cell that relates
b) Integral proteins are located on exterior and directly to its function in receiving and transmitting
interior surface of the cell membrane nerve impulses is its
c) Some substances easily cross the membrane, while a) A long extension
others cannot. So, the cell membrane is said to be b) Flat shape
completely permeable. c) Ability to change shape
d) Some integral proteins form channels or pores d) Ability to engulf and destroy bacteria
through which certain substances can pass.
72- The cell membrane
65- Which of the following matches is correct? a) Allows all substances to pass into and out of the cell
a) Vacuole-stores food or pigment b) Prevents all substances from passing into and out
b) Plastid-stores enzymes and wastes of the cell
c) Golgi-processes, packages substances c) Is composed mainly of a protein bilayer
d) Mitochondria-synthesis proteins d) Is composed mainly of a lipid bilayer
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

73- Cells that have a high energy requirement 81-

generally have many
a) Nucleus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Cell membrane

74- Which organelle breaks down compounds into

small particles that the cell can use?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Lysosome
d) Mitochondrion

75- Viruses, bacteria and old organelles that a cell

ingest are broken down in
a) Ribosomes
b) Lysosomes
c) The rough endoplasmic reticulum Refer to the illustration above.
d) The smooth endoplasmic reticulum The cell uses structure 2
a) To transport material from one part of the cell to
76- Which one of the following organelles is found in another
plant cells but not in animal cells? b) To package proteins so they can be stored by the
a) Nucleus cell
b) Chloroplast c) As a receptor
c) Mitochondria d) To transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP
d) Golgi apparatus
83- Refer to the illustration above. Structure 9 is
77- The end products of photosynthesis include a) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
a) Carbon dioxide and water b) Golgi apparatus
b) Sugar and oxygen c) Mitochondrion
c) Carbon dioxide and oxygen d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
d) Oxygen and water
84- Refer to the illustration above. Structure 5 is
78-The organelle in the plant cells that contain green a) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
pigment are the b) Golgi apparatus
a) Mitochondria c) Mitochondrion
b) Bilayer lipids d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) Chloroplast
d) Golgi body 85-Refer to the illustration above. Structure 4 is
a) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
79- Plants cells have a large membrane -bound b) Golgi apparatus
organelle in which water, waste products and c) Mitochondrion
nutrients are stored. This organelle is known as a d) Lysosome
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplast 86- Refer to the illustration above. Structure 1 is
c) Golgi apparatus a) Cilia
d) Central vacuole b) Golgi apparatus
c) Flagella
80- Which of the following matches is correct? d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
a) Nucleolus- Synthesis ribosome
b) Plastid- Contain a green pigment
c) Cell wall – Support and protect
d) All of them
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

FILL IN THE BLANKS 5- …………. The nonpolar tails of a phospholipid are

1- According to the cell theory, new cells are attracted to water.
produced from existing…………………..
6- …………. Most functions of a prokaryotic cell are
controlled by the cell’s nucleus.
2- During cell division, chromatin condenses to form
…………………………………., which are threadlike
7- ………. Substances made in the nucleus, such as
structures containing genetic information.
RNA, move into the cytoplasm by passing through
nuclear pores.
3- Unlike smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough
endoplasmic reticulum has ………………..attached to it.
8- ……….. DNA stores information that directs the
activities of a cell.
4- A phospholipid is a molecule with a(n) …………………..
head.
9- ……….. Flattened, membrane-bound sacs that
package and distribute proteins are called
5- The ………………… houses a cell’s DNA, which
mitochondria.
contains heredity information.
10- ………… Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that
6- The organelles that are the site of protein synthesis
break down proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and
in a cell are called………………………
carbohydrates.
7- Rough endoplasmic reticulum has …………………………
11- ………… Ribosomes are the sites of ATP production.
embedded on its surface.
12- ………. Lysosomes transfer energy from organic
8- Photosynthesis takes place in the ………………………of
compounds to ATP.
plant cells.
13- ………. Each animal cell contains one or more
9- There are two types of protein in cell membrane:
chloroplasts.
………………………and ………………………. proteins.
14- ……… Phospholipid molecules of the cell
10- ………………….. is located between the cell
membrane form a lipid bilayer.
membrane and the nucleus.
15- ……….. Cytoskeleton is a network of long lipid
11- ………………… play important roles in the synthesis
strands that are located in the cytoplasm.
of protein.
16- ………….Flagella made of a protein called actin.
12-……………. and…………….Hair-like organelles that
extend from the surface of the cell.
17- …………. The nucleolus is the site where ribosomes
are synthesized.
13- Nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane
called ……………………………….
TRUE OR FALSE Define the following terms:
1- ………. Two different structures that all cells have
1- Microtubules:
are a cell membrane and a cell wall.

2- ……….. Organelles enable eukaryotic cells to carry 2- Hydrolytic enzyme:

out specialized functions.

3- ………….. Proteins in the cell membrane may serve

as channels, receptors, or markers. 3- Cristae:
4- ……….. The cell membrane contains DNA.
Chapter: Three BIOLOGY Section: Two

SECTION 3- 2 REVIEW 10- Write the parts of the figure.

1- List three functions of the cytoskeleton.

2- Name the three main component of a

eukaryotic cell?

3- Which organelles are surrounded by two

membranes? 1-…………………………… 2-……………………………

3- …………………………… 4-……………………………..

4- What structural feature do cilia and flagella 5-……………………………. 6- ……………………………

have in common?
7-…………………………… 8-……………………………

9- …………………………… 10-……………………………..

5- What are plant cell walls made of? 11-……………………………. 12- ……………………………

13- ……………………………. 14- ……………………………

6- What is the function of cell walls?

11- Draw the cell membrane structure.
7- What is the function of cilia and flagella?

8- List three functions of the smooth ER.

9- List the functions of cell membrane.