GNC 420aw

400W / 500W Series
Garmin Optional Displays

Pilot’s Guide Addendum For:
• GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Datalink
• GTX 330/330D TIS
• Garmin TAWS (GPS 500W & GNS 530W)
• Garmin HTAWS (Helicopter Installations)
• Terrain Proximity (Helicopter Installations)
• Garmin GTS 8XX Series TAS
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Foreward
This Pilot’s Guide Addendum is written for:

• Garmin GPS 400W, GNC 420W/420AW, and GNS 430W/430AW Main System Software Version 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, 4.00, or later
• Garmin GPS 500W & GNS 530W/530AW Main System Software Version 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, 4.00, or later
• GTX 330/330D Main Software Version 4.05
• GDL 69/69A Main Software Version 3.02 or later
Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.
© 2010 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.
Tel. 913/397.8200 or 800/800.1020 Fax 913/397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon 97302, U.S.A.
Tel: 503/581.8101 Fax: 503/364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park, Southhampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
Tel. +44 (0) 870 850 1243 Fax +44 (0) 238 052 4004
Garmin Corporation, No. 68, Jangshu 2 Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
nd
Tel. 886/2.2642.9199 Fax 886/2.2642.9099

Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this addendum may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded,
or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express prior written consent of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permis-
sion to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium
to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual
or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution
of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Garmin
reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or orga-
nization of such changes or improvements.
Garmin® is a registered trademark, and GTX™ and GDL™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may
not be used without the express permission of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries.
July 2010 190-00356-30 Revision H
The screen display examples shown in this

addendum are taken from the GNS 430W
and GNS 530W. TIS and Weather Data Link
Display Interface functionality is the same
for the 400W and 500W Series Units. TIS
Traffic Display and Weather Data Link are
available only when the 400W/500W units
are configured with the GTX 330 Mode S
Transponder and GDL 69/69A Data Link
Transceiver, respectively.
190-00356-30 Rev H

Introduction
Warnings and Cautions
WARNING: Terrain data are obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of this
data which should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not be used as the sole basis for deci-
sions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be used for navigation.
CAUTION: Use the 400W/500W Series Units at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and
understand all aspects of the Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement, and thoroughly practice basic operation
prior to actual use.
CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its
accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS
equipment. Although Garmin 400W/500W Series Units are precision electronic NAVigation AIDS (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be
misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe.
CAUTION: Use the Weather Data Link Interface, TIS, TAWS, HTAWS, and TERRAIN at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe
operation, thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the
Garmin unit to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc.
For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. The GPS altitude format calculated by the Garmin
400W/500W Series units is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pres-
sure altimeters in aircraft. Never use GPS altitude to determine aircraft altitude.
CAUTION: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the Garmin 400W/500W Series Units must be updated regularly in order to
ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in your
Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit package. Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk.
CAUTION: The Weather Data Link, TIS, TAWS, HTAWS, and TERRAIN information contained in this Pilot’s Guide Addendum is
not intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the applicable Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit and the GTX
330 Transponder. The user must know how to operate the 400W/500W Series Unit and be knowledgeable of the information in
the 400W/500W Pilot’s Guide.
TIS CAUTION: TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve pilot responsibility to “see
and avoid” other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual
contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. Avoidance maneu-
vers are not recommended, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert.
While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure
proper use. Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words, the information provided by
TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC.
CAUTION: Garmin would like to remind pilots flying with GDL 69/69A-equipped aircraft that TFRs are only advisory and
are not a replacement for a thorough preflight briefing on TFR times and locations. Always confirm TFR data through official
sources and contact your Flight Service Station for interpretation of TFR data.
NOTE: For software version 4.00 and later: when configured for helicopters (the helicopter icon will be displayed), black, circu-
lar or oblong “cutouts” will be displayed on the Terrain Page around airports and heliports, to enhance viewing of the informa-
tion displayed for those locations. The Terrain legend (shown in the lower right of the display on the Terrain Page) defines the
color black as -500 ft. However, this does not apply to the black cutouts surrounding the airports and heliports. The cutouts are
for display purposes only and do not affect the performance of HTAWS.
190-00356-30 Rev H i

Introduction
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Section 3: XM AUX Pages..............................................23

XM Information Page . ............................................................23
Part One: Traffic Information Service (TIS) Interface.1 XM WX Timestamps.................................................................24
Section 1: TIS Operation and Symbology.....................1 Section 4: XM Audio......................................................25
TIS Operation.............................................................................1 XM Audio Menu......................................................................27
How TIS differs from TCAS..........................................................2 Add to Presets List...................................................................27
TIS Limitations...........................................................................2 Enter Channel Number.............................................................28
Improving TIS.............................................................................3 Display Channel In List.............................................................28
TIS Symbology...........................................................................3 Display Artist In List.................................................................29
Section 2: Control and Display......................................5 Display Title In List...................................................................29
TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response...............................5 Enable/Mute Audio Output.......................................................30
Traffic Page................................................................................6 Change Volume.......................................................................30
Traffic Page Display Range.........................................................6
Map Page..................................................................................7
Part Three: TAWS Interface..........................................31
Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page........................7 Section 1: Introduction................................................31
Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning.........................8 Overview.................................................................................31
Operating Criteria....................................................................31
Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures.........................9
Limitations...............................................................................31
Introduction...............................................................................9
Power-Up Test............................................................................9 Section 2: TAWS Operation..........................................32
Manual Override......................................................................10 TAWS Alerting.........................................................................32
Flight Procedures.....................................................................10 Baro-Corrected Altitude...........................................................32
After Landing...........................................................................10 Power Up................................................................................32
TAWS Page..............................................................................32
Part Two: XM Radio Interface.....................................11 Inhibit Mode............................................................................34
Section 1: Introduction................................................11 External TAWS Inhibit Control.............................................34
Overview.................................................................................11 TAWS Manual Test...................................................................34
XM Radio Pages......................................................................11 TAWS Symbols.........................................................................35
XM NAV Pages...................................................................11 General Database Information..................................................36
XM WPT Pages...................................................................12 Database Versions....................................................................36
XM AUX Pages...................................................................12 Database Updates...................................................................37
Section 2: XM Weather.................................................12 Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage...........................37
Weather Product Age...............................................................13 Section 3: TAWS Alerts.................................................38
XM NEXRAD Weather..............................................................13 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance..........................................38
NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage................................14 Premature Descent Alerting (PDA)............................................39
NEXRAD Intensity...............................................................15 Excessive Descent Rate Alert (EDR)...........................................40
NEXRAD Abnormalities.......................................................15 Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR)..........................40
NEXRAD Limitations...........................................................16 “Five-Hundred” Aural Alert......................................................42
XM Weather METARs...............................................................16 TAWS Not Available Alert.........................................................42
Textual METAR Page...........................................................18 TAWS Failure Alert...................................................................42
Textual METAR/TAF Code...................................................19 TAWS Alert Summary...............................................................42
TAF Page............................................................................19 Pilot Actions............................................................................44
TFR Information.................................................................19 Airport Terrain “Cutouts”.........................................................44
Lightning (LTNG)......................................................................20
Cell Movement (CELL MOVE)...................................................21
Winds Aloft..............................................................................22
Winds Aloft Altitude...........................................................23
ii 190-00356-30 Rev H

Introduction
Table of Contents
Part Four: HTAWS Interface.........................................45 Part Six: Garmin GTS 8XX Series Interface................63
Section 1: Introduction................................................45 Introduction.............................................................................63
Overview.................................................................................45 GTS 8XX Series Description......................................................63
Operating Criteria....................................................................45 Power-up Self-Test...................................................................63
Limitations...............................................................................45 User-initiated Test....................................................................64
Section 2: HTAWS Operation.......................................46 Voice Announcements..............................................................64
HTAWS Alerting.......................................................................46 Switching Between Standby and Operating Modes...................64
Baro-Corrected Altitude...........................................................46 Altitude Display Mode..............................................................65
Power Up................................................................................46 Traffic Page..............................................................................65
HTAWS Page............................................................................46 Traffic Warning Window...........................................................66
Page Menu.........................................................................47 Traffic Page Display Range.......................................................66
Inhibit Mode............................................................................48 Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page.................................66
External HTAWS Inhibit Control...........................................48 Highlighting Traffic Data Using Map Panning............................67
Reduced Protection Mode........................................................48 Monitoring Traffic.....................................................................68
Mute Active Caution................................................................49 Failure Response......................................................................68
HTAWS Manual Test.................................................................50 Description of Traffic Advisory Criteria.......................................68
HTAWS Legend........................................................................50
HTAWS Symbols.......................................................................51
General Database Information..................................................52
Database Versions....................................................................52
Database Updates...................................................................53
Terrain Database Areas of Coverage.........................................53
Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage......................................54
Section 3: HTAWS Alerts..............................................54
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance..........................................55
Voice Call Out Aural Alert.........................................................55
HTAWS Not Available Alert.......................................................56
HTAWS Failure Alert.................................................................56
HTAWS Alert Summary.............................................................56
Pilot Actions............................................................................57
Voice Call Out Selection......................................................58
Part Five: Terrain Proximity Interface........................59
Introduction.............................................................................59
Displaying Terrain Proximity......................................................59
Terrain Proximity 120° Arc or 360° Rings..................................60
Terrain Proximity Aviation Data.................................................60
Terrain Proximity Legend..........................................................61
Terrain Proximity Limitations....................................................62
System Status..........................................................................62
190-00356-30 Rev H iii

Introduction
Table of Contents
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iv 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part One: Section 1
TIS Operation and Symbology
Part One: • Your aircraft must be equipped with a Mode S

Traffic Information Service data link transponder, such as the GTX 330.
• You must be within range of a Mode S radar
(TIS) Interface that provides the TIS service. Not all Mode S
ground radars provide TIS service.
Section 1: TIS Operation and • The “intruder” aircraft must be equipped with
Symbology a transponder, and that transponder must be
turned on. Aircraft that are not equipped with
operating transponders will not be visible to the
TIS Operation Mode S surveillance radar.
NOTE: Part One of this Addendum assumes the user • The “intruder” aircraft must be within the TIS
has experience operating the 400W/500W Series units coverage volume for your aircraft. TIS displays
and the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder. up to eight traffic targets within seven nautical
miles horizontally from the requesting aircraft,
The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides
and from 3,000 feet below to 3,500 feet above
a graphic display of traffic advisory information in
the requesting aircraft.
the cockpit for non-TCAS (Traffic alert and Collision • Both your aircraft and the intruder aircraft must
Avoidance System) equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground- be visible to the Mode S surveillance radar on
based service providing relative location of all ATCRBS the ground.
(Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System) Mode A
and Mode C transponder-equipped aircraft within a Always remember that TIS cannot alert you to
specified service volume. The TIS ground sensor uses the presence of aircraft that are not equipped with
real-time track reports to generate traffic notification. transponders, nor can it alert you to aircraft that may
TIS Traffic display is available to aircraft equipped be nearby, but obscured from the ground surveillance
with a Mode S Data Link such as the Garmin GTX 330 radar by intervening terrain.
Transponder. TIS Traffic from a GTX 330 Transpon- 7.0 nm
3,500 ft
der can then be displayed on a Garmin 400W/500W
Series unit. Surveillance data includes all transponder-
equipped aircraft within the coverage volume. Aircraft
without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS.
TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within seven 3,000 ft
nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to

3500 feet above the requesting aircraft. TIS Coverage Volume (not to scale)
The TIS is a ground-based service that displays
nearby aircraft on your 400W/500W-series display.
For the TIS feature to inform you of a nearby aircraft’s
presence, several conditions must be met:
190-00356-30 Rev H 1

Part One: Section 1
How TIS differs from TCAS of the client aircraft comes between the transponder
The main difference between TIS and TCAS is the antenna (usually located on the underside of the air-
source of surveillance data. TCAS uses an airborne craft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal
interrogator with a one-second update rate, while TIS may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and
uses the terminal Mode S ground interrogator and its anomalies associated with TIS are described in the
Data Link to provide about a five-second update rate. AIM, Section 1-3-5.
The range accuracy of TIS and TCAS is similar.
TIS Limitations
NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not compre-
hensive. Garmin recommends the user review the TIS
Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information
Manual, Section 1-3-5.
Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geo-
TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision graphical coverage. Operation of the ground
stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer
avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a
responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft. TIS Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the
should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during U.S.
IMC or other times when there is no visual contact
NOTE: TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many
with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.
in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. No rec- Also, when flying near the “floor” of radar coverage
ommended avoidance maneuvers are provided for, nor in a particular area, intruders below the client aircraft
may not be detected by TIS.
authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display
or TIS advisory. TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to
While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoid- the scan during which the uplink occurs. Therefore,
ance, it has some system limitations that must be fully the surveillance information is approximately five
understood to ensure proper use. Many of these limi- seconds old. In order to present the intruders in a “real
tations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance. time” position, the TIS ground station uses a “predic-
In other words, the information provided by TIS will tive algorithm” in its tracking software. This algorithm
be no better than that provided to ATC. TIS will only uses track history data to extrapolate intruders to
display aircraft with operating transponders installed. their expected positions consistent with the time of
display in the cockpit. Occasionally, aircraft maneuver-
TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar,
ing will cause this algorithm to induce errors in the
which is a “secondary surveillance” radar similar to the
400W/500W display. These errors primarily affect rela-
ATCRBS. TIS operation may be intermittent during
tive bearing information and traffic target track vector
turns or other maneuvering. TIS is dependent on
(it will lag); intruder distance and altitude will remain
two-way, “line-of-sight” communication between the
relatively accurate and may be used to assist in “see
aircraft and the Mode S radar. Whenever the structure
2 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part One: Section 1
and avoid.” Some of the more common examples of TIS Symbology

these errors follow: TIS traffic is displayed on the 400W/500W Series
• When client or intruder aircraft maneuvers unit according to TCAS symbology, graphically dis-
excessively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm played on a dedicated graphical page (Traffic Page;
may report incorrect horizontal position until see below), and on the moving Map Page. A Traffic
the maneuvering aircraft stabilizes. Advisory (TA) symbol appears as a solid yellow circle
• When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course (or half circle on the outer range ring if the traffic is
that crosses the client aircraft course at a shal- outside the range of the dedicated Traffic Page). Prox-
low angle (either overtaking or head on) and imity Advisories (PA) are displayed as a solid diamond,
either aircraft abruptly changes course within and other traffic is displayed as an open diamond. PA
¼ NM, TIS may display the intruder on the and other traffic is normally displayed in white, or it
opposite side of the client than it actually is. may be alternatively configured for display in cyan.
When configured for cyan, the traffic page range rings
These are relatively rare occurrences and will and markings are displayed in white. Altitude devia-
be corrected in a few radar scans once the course tion from own aircraft altitude is displayed above the
has stabilized. target symbol if traffic is above own aircraft altitude,
Improving TIS and below the symbol if they are below own aircraft
altitude. Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow
Users of TIS can render valuable assistance in
(> +500 ft/min), down arrow (< -500 ft/min), or no
the correction of malfunctions by reporting their
symbol if less than 500 ft/min rate in either direction.
observations of undesirable performance. Reporters
should identify the time of observation, location, type • Traffic Advisories (TA)—Yellow
and identity of aircraft, and describe the condition
observed; the type of transponder processor and soft- • Proximity Advisories (PA)—White
ware in use can also be useful information. Since TIS
performance is monitored by maintenance personnel (may be configured as Cyan)
other than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions be
reported in the following ways: • Other—White (may be configured as Cyan)
• By telephone to the nearest Flight Service Sta-
tion (FSS) facility.
• By FAA Form 8000-7, Safety Improvement
Report, a postage-paid card designed for this
purpose. These cards may be obtained at FAA
FSSs, General Aviation District Offices, Flight
Standards District Offices, and General Avia-
tion Fixed Based Operations.
190-00356-30 Rev H 3

Part One: Section 1
The TIS audio alert is generated from the Traffic Advisory (TA)—This symbol is generated when traffic
GTX 330 whenever the number of Traffic Ad- meets the advisory criteria described in TIS Operational Proce-
visories on the 400W/500W display increases dures.
from one scan to the next. Limiting Traffic
Own Aircraft
Advisories only reduces the “nuisance” alerting
due to proximate aircraft. For example, when
the first Traffic Advisories appears on the TIS
display, the user is alerted audibly. So long as
a single aircraft remains on the TIS display, no
further audio alert is generated. If a second (or
more) aircraft appears on the display, a new Traffic Ground Track is indicated
audio alert is sounded. on the 400W/500W display by a
“target track vector”, a short line
If the number of Traffic Advisories on the TIS displayed in 45-degree increments.
This vector shows the flight direc-
display decreases and then increases, a new
tion of the traffic.
audio alert is sounded. The TIS audio alert is
also generated whenever TIS service becomes
unavailable. The volume, pitch, and duration
of the audio alert (including the choice between
a male or female voice) is configured during
installation. “Other” Traffic—This symbol represents
traffic detected within the selected display
The following TIS audio alerts are available: range that does not generate a TA.
• “Traffic” —TIS traffic alert is received.

• “Traffic Not Available” — TIS service is not
available or out of range.
4 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part One: Section 2
TIS Controls and Display
Section 2: Control and Display display due to the age of the data being too old
TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response
to “coast” (for the time period after 12 seconds
from the last receipt of a TIS message). The pilot
• STBY — When the 400W/500W displays STBY should be aware that traffic may be present but
in the upper right hand corner of the display the not shown.
TIS system is in standby mode and cannot display
traffic data.
• OPER — When the 400W/500W displays OPER
in the upper right hand corner of the display the
TIS system is in operational mode and available
to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.
• AGE — If traffic data are not refreshed within Traffic Page displaying “TRFC RMVD”
6 seconds, an age indicator (e.g., “AGE 00:06”) banner.
is displayed in the lower right corner of the dis- • UNAVAIL — After a 60 second period elapses
play (when displaying traffic). The pilot should with no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable.
be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is This state is indicated by the text “UNAVAIL”.
reduced in this condition. The pilot should be aware that “UNAVAIL” could
• TRFC CST — If data are still not received between indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a line-
six and twelve seconds, the “TRFC CST” (traffic of-sight situation, a low altitude condition, no
coasting) banner located above the AGE timer will TIS service, or a result of flying directly over the
indicate that displayed traffic is held even though radar site providing coverage (cone of silence).
the data are not current. The pilot should be aware • NO DATA — “NO DATA” is displayed when no
that the quality of displayed traffic is reduced in data are being received from the GTX 330. The
this condition. pilot should be aware that this status may be a
normal mode of operation in a dual transpon-
der installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is
not the selected transponder. The GTX 330 may
not be powered on.
• DATA FAIL — “DATA FAIL” is displayed when
data are being received from GTX 330, but there
Traffic Age Indication showing “traffic coasting”. was a failure detected in the data stream. The
pilot should see the dealer for corrective action.
• TRFC RMVD — If data are still not received after
twelve seconds, the “TRFC RMVD” banner will • FAILED — “FAILED” is displayed when the
indicate that traffic has been removed from the GTX 330 has indicated it has failed. The pilot
should see the dealer for corrective action.
190-00356-30 Rev H 5

Part One: Section 2
Traffic Ground Track Traffic Page

Traffic ground track is indicated in the TIS Traffic data are displayed on two 400W/500W
400W/500W display by a “target track vector”, a short Series unit pages, the Traffic Page and the Map Page.
line displayed in 45° increments, extending in the The 500W Series unit can also be configured to
direction of target movement. display a traffic thumbnail window below the VLOC
frequency window. Unlike other forms of traffic, TIS
traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the
map. The only difference between TIS and other traffic
data occurs on the Traffic Page. If heading is available,
then the traffic data are compensated and displayed
as heading-up. If it’s not available, the Traffic Page is a
track-up display. It is labeled on the upper portion of
the Traffic Page.
Traffic Page Display Range
Traffic Target Track Vector. Various display ranges can be selected for optimal
display of TIS traffic information.
Traffic Warning Window
To change the display range on the Traffic Page:
When the unit is on any page (other than the Press RNG to zoom through the range selec-
NAV Traffic Page or when a TAWS/Terrain, or Dead tions which are: 12/6 NM, 6/2 NM, and
Reckoning pop-up is displayed) and a traffic threat is 2 NM.
imminent, the Traffic Warning Window is displayed.
The Traffic Warning Window shows a small thumb-
nail map which can take the user to the Traffic Page
by pressing ENT, or go back to the previous page by
pressing CLR.
Traffic Warning Window
NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when

the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 knots or when
an approach is active.
6 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part One: Section 2
Map Page From the Map Page you can display traffic in
TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page in addition a thumbnail format in any of the top three (400W
to the Traffic Page. Series) or four (500W Series) data fields on the right
side of the Map Page.
The Map Page displaying traffic.

Thumbnail Traffic displayed on the
Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page GNS 430W.
NOTE: The thumbnail will display traffic
To configure TIS traffic on the Map Page:
coasting “TRFC CST” or traffic removed
1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map “TRFC RMVD” in the lower right when TIS
Page. messages have been missed.
2. Press the MENU key.
Turn the small right knob to select “Setup To display Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page:
Map?” 1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map
3. The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field. Page.
Turn the small right knob to select “Traffic” and 2. Press the MENU key and display the Page Menu.
press ENT. 3. Turn the small right knob to select “Change
4. Turn the large right knob to Fields?” and press ENT.
select the desired Traffic Mode 4. Select one of the top three (400W Series) or four
option. Turn the small right knob (500W Series) configurable fields. Select ‘TRFC’
to select the desired option and from the Select Field Type List and press ENT. Note
press ENT. Repeat the step for that the thumbnail range defaults to 6 NM and
Traffic Symbol and Traffic Label. cannot be changed.
5. Press CLR to return the Map Page.
The traffic mode selection menu allows the user to
choose from the following:
• All trfc - All traffic is displayed on the Map Page.
• TA/PA - Only traffic advisories and proximity
advisories are displayed on the Map Page.
• TA only - Only traffic advisories are displayed on
the Map Page.
190-00356-30 Rev H 7

Part One: Section 2
Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning

Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows
you to move the map beyond its current limits without
adjusting the map scale. When you select the panning
function — by pressing the small right knob — a
target pointer will flash on the map display. A window
also appears at the top of the map display showing
the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the
bearing and distance to the pointer from your present
position.
Displaying traffic range and altitude separa-

tion using the Map Panning feature.
To activate the panning feature and pan the map

display:
1. Press the small right knob to activate the panning
target pointer.
2. Turn the small right knob to move up (turn clock-
wise) or down (counterclockwise).
3. Turn the large right knob to move right (turn
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).
4. To cancel the panning function and return to your
present position, press the small right knob.
When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the
traffic range and altitude separation are displayed.
8 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part One: Section 3
TIS Operational Procedures
Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures is displayed. The “FAILED” message indicates

Introduction the GTX 330 has failed. The “DATA FAIL” mes-
TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic sage indicates data are being received from the
GTX 330 but a failure was detected in the data
advisories whenever it predicts an intruder to be a
stream. The “NO DATA” message indicates that
threat (see illustration). Voice and visual data are sent
data are not being received from the GTX 330.
from the GTX 330. The user should not start evasive
maneuvers using information from the 400W/500W NOTE: “NO DATA” may be a normal mode of opera-
tion in a dual transponder installation where the GTX
display or on a traffic advisory only. The display and 330 with TIS is not the selected transponder.
advisories are intended only for assistance in visually
locating the traffic, due to the lack in resolution and • UNAVAIL — When a 60 second period
coordination ability. The flight crew should attempt elapses with no data, TIS is considered to be
to visually acquire the intruder aircraft and maintain unavailable. This state is indicated by the text
a safe separation in accordance with the regulatory “UNAVAILABLE” (500W Series) and “UNAVAIL”
(400W Series). The pilot should be aware
requirements and good operating practice. If the flight
that “UNAVAIL” could indicate a TIS coverage
crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft, they should
limitation due to a line-of-sight situation, a low
contact ATC to obtain any information that may assist
altitude condition, no TIS service, or a result
concerning the intruder aircraft. Based on the above
of flying directly over the radar site providing
procedures, minor adjustment to the vertical flight coverage (cone of silence).
path consistent with air traffic requirements are not Intruder Aircraft
considered evasive maneuvers.
Power-Up Test 0.5 nm
+ 500 ft
The TIS interface performs an automatic test
during power-up.
• If the system passes the power-up test, the
Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page.
• If the system passes the power-up test and the
aircraft is airborne (as determined by system This area within 34 seconds - 500 ft
configuration at the time of installation, see
your installer for detailed criteria information), Conditions for Traffic Advisories
traffic is displayable on the Traffic Page in oper-
The following condition causes TIS to display a Traffic
ating mode. Advisory (TA) on the 400W/500W Series unit:
• If the system fails the power-up test, the “NO • The intruder aircraft approaches your aircraft on
DATA”, “DATA FAIL”, or “FAILED” message a course that will intercept (defined by a 0.5 NM
is displayed. See your installer for corrective horizontal radius and a relative altitude of ± 500
feet) your course within 34 seconds.
action if the “DATA FAIL”, or “FAILED” message
190-00356-30 Rev H 9

Part One: Section 3
TIS Operational Procedures
Manual Override
The user can manually switch between standby
(STBY) and operating (OPER) mode of operation to
manually override automatic operation.
To place the display into operating mode from the
standby mode (to display TIS traffic):
1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “STBY”. The ‘NO DATA’ message indicates that data
2. Turn the small right knob to select are not being received from the GTX 330.
NOTE: This may be a normal mode of opera-
“OPER?”.
tion in a dual transponder installation where
3. Press ENT to confirm. the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected
To place the display into standby mode from transponder.
operating mode (to stop displaying TIS traffic):
Flight Procedures
1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “OPER”.
Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system
2. Turn the small right knob to select “STBY?”
configuration at the time of installation) the system
3. Press ENT to confirm. switches from standby mode to operating mode. The
400W/500W Series unit displays OPER in the upper
right hand corner of the display and begins to display
traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.
The TIS Traffic Advisory (TA) should alert the crew
to use additional vigilance to identify the intruding
aircraft. Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow
circle or a voice warning is announced, conduct a
visual search for the intruder. If successful, maintain
visual contact to ensure safe operation. See Section 2:
“DATA FAIL” Message Control and Display for a description of pilot responses
to TIS display messages.
After Landing
Once the aircraft is “ground-borne” (determined
by system configuration at the time of installation)
the system switches from operating mode to standby
mode. The 400W/500W Series unit displays “STBY”.
As described previously, both the standby and operat-
ing modes can be manually overridden by the display
controls.
10 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 1
XM Radio Introduction
Part Two: be available with the unit.

XM Radio Interface Follow the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activa-
Section 1: Introduction tion Instructions (190-00355-04) enclosed with your
Overview
GDL 69/69A unit to activate the XM products.
The GDL 69 is a remote sensor that receives XM Radio Pages
To reach the XM pages:
broadcast weather data from a data service of XM Sat-
ellite Radio, Inc. The GDL 69A is similar to the GDL 1. From any page, press and hold CLR to select
the Default NAV Page. (You may skip this step
69, but also receives audio entertainment broadcasts
if you are already viewing any of the main
from another service of XM Satellite Radio. The 400W
pages.)
and 500W series units serve as the display and control
head for your remotely mounted GDL 69/69A satellite 2. Turn the large right knob to select the AUX
radio. page group. “AUX” appears in the lower right
Before the GDL 69/69A can be used, the unit corner of the screen.
must be activated by XM Satellite Radio with a service 3. Turn the small right knob to select the XM
subscription through XM Satellite Radio. Please note Audio, XM Information, or XM WX Timestamps
that the GDL 69 is a weather data link. The GDL 69A pages.
is a weather data link and audio receiver. The data link XM Weather page is displayed in the NAV page
service and the audio entertainment services must be group. The XM Audio function pages are displayed in
activated separately. the AUX page group.
Your GDL 69 or GDL 69A is shipped with one
or two radio hardware identifications, respectively. XM NAV Pages
These IDs serve as identification codes for your XM- When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, the fol-
equipped GDL 69/69A and are needed in the activa- lowing XM-related pages appear in the NAV group of
tion process. The ID(s) is (are) attached to the Activa- pages:
tion Instructions and printed on a label on the back of • Map Page. The Map page (the second page
the unit. The IDs can also be retrieved through your in the NAV page group) becomes capable of
unit in the XM Information page of the Aux function. displaying weather data and the boundaries
Contact your dealer or customer service if you are of areas with Temporary Flight Restrictions
unable to locate the radio hardware IDs. (TFRs).
Weather and/or audio data from your GDL 69/69A • XM Weather Page. The XM Weather page is
are provided by XM Satellite Radio, a company inserted in the NAV page group, immediately
separate and independent from Garmin Corporation. before the Terrain page. This page is like the map
Have your radio hardware IDs ready before contact- page, but can show NEXRAD weather data, col-
ing XM Satellite Radio. During the process, you can ored flags showing which airports have METARs
select services for subscription. Keep in mind that the (current weather observations—Meteorological
GDL 69 has no audio capability, audio services will not Aerodrome Reports), Lightning (LTNG) reports,
Cell Movement, or Winds Aloft.
190-00356-30 Rev H 11

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
XM WPT Pages Section 2: XM Weather

When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, two XM- The XM Weather Function is capable of displaying
related pages are added to “airport” pages in the WPT graphical weather information through the XM Satel-
page group: lite Radio Service when activated in the optional instal-
• Textual METAR Page. The Textual METAR lation of the GDL 69/69A. Next Generation Weather
page shows the text of the most recent METAR Radar (NEXRAD), METARs symbols (METAR),
(Meteorological Aerodrome Report) that has Lightning (LTNG), Cell Movement (CELL MOVE),
been received for an airport. and Winds Aloft (WINDS) are displayed on the NAV
• TAF Page. The TAF page shows the text of the pages. The types of products available depend on the
most recent TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Fore- subscription service with XM Satellite Radio.
cast) that has been received for an airport. Once you have activated an aviation weather ser-
vice from XM Satellite Radio, the 400W/500W series
XM AUX Pages
unit can display the following aviation-related data:
When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, the fol- • NEXRAD. An indication of the intensity
lowing XM pages appear in the AUX group of pages: of weather radar echoes from the National
• XM Audio Page (GDL 69A only). See Section 4 Weather Service’s network of NEXRAD (NEXt
below for a description of this page. generation RADar) sites can be shown on the
• XM Information Page. This page contains XM Weather Page and can optionally be over-
information that you will use when activat- laid on the Map page. (Both these pages are in
ing your XM satellite radio subscription. It the NAV page group.) Canadian Radar may also
also reports the GDL 69/69A’s software version be available.
number. • Radar Coverage. Whenever NEXRAD is
• XM Weather Timestamp Pages. This page shown, a cross-hatch pattern indicates the limits
show timestamp data for the most recently of NEXRAD radar coverage. The cross-hatched
received XM weather data. area shows where NEXRAD information is
unavailable.
• Lightning (LTNG). When enabled, lightning
strikes and cells are shown as yellow “+”
signs. Lightning information indicates the
location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes.
• Cell Movement (CELL MOVE). When
enabled, Cell Movement shows the storm
cells identified by the ground-based system.
The movement is depicted by an arrow. The
tip of the arrow represents where the cell is
expected to be in 10 minutes from the time
the cell location was determined.
12 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
• Winds Aloft (WINDS). The Winds Aloft Weather Product Age

selection provides the pilot with wind speed The age of the displayed weather product—or the
and direction. The winds at a given altitude effective time of Winds Aloft predictions—is shown
are selected in the Winds Aloft Alt below the
WINDS selection. The selected altitude is in the upper right corner of the display. For example,
shown along with the product time. if NEXRAD is displayed, “0:05” indicates that the data
• Textual Meteorological Aerodrome Reports are five minutes old. If Winds Aloft predictions are
(METARs). When you zoom in to show the being displayed, “10:00” indicates the effective time
airport symbol associated with the colored flag for the displayed prediction is 10:00 AM.
for a graphical METAR, and move the Map The data for each XM Weather product are updated
Pointer to highlight that airport, you can then
regularly from the GDL 69/69A. XM Weather products
press ENT to see the Textual METAR page for
that airport. The Textual METAR page is one of expire after the following intervals:
the airport pages of the WPT page group. Product Expiration Interval
• Graphical Meteorological Aerodrome
Reports (METARs). The XM Weather page (in METARs 90 minutes
the NAV page group) can show colored flags NEXRAD/Radar Coverage 30 minutes
to indicate the level of current weather condi- TFRs 60 minutes
tions at those airports for which textual METAR TAFs 60 minutes
reports are available. The flags are color-coded
to indicate the severity of the current weather at Lightning 30 minutes
the airport: cyan for VFR conditions, green for SCITs 30 minutes
Marginal VFR conditions, yellow for IFR condi- Winds Aloft Predictions 90 minutes
tions, or magenta of Low IFR conditions.
• Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAFs). A When the age of the displayed XM Weather prod-
TAF page is added among the airport pages of uct reaches one half of its expiration time, the color
the WPT page group. The TAF page differs from of the displayed time changes from green to amber.
the Textual METAR page in that it describes Expired XM Weather products are never displayed. In
forecast future weather conditions rather than the unlikely event that the data should expire before
current conditions. a fresh update is received, the time will be dashed out
• Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs). The and the data removed from the display.
boundaries of areas with TFRs are outlined in
yellow on the Map and XM Weather pages of XM NEXRAD Weather
the NAV page group. In the 500W-series, TFR The National Weather Service’s network of WSR-
boundaries are also shown on the NAV main 88D Doppler weather surveillance radars—also called
page. You can obtain more information about a NEXRAD, for Next Generation Radar—has greatly
TFR by bringing up the map cursor, moving the improved the detection of meteorological events such
map cursor to within the yellow outlined area, as thunderstorms, tornados, and hurricanes. An exten-
and pressing the ENT key. sive network of NEXRAD weather radars provides
190-00356-30 Rev H 13

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
almost complete coverage of the continental United To display NEXRAD weather on the XM Weather
States, Alaska, and Hawaii. The unobstructed range of page:
each NEXRAD is up to 250 nautical miles. 1. With the XM Weather page (the third page of
When enabled, composite data from all the the NAV page group) displayed, look at the
NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. upper left corner of the page. Under the page
This data are composed of the maximum reflectivity title (“XM Weather”) either “NEXRAD-US,”
from the individual radar sweeps. Canadian radar may “NEXRAD-CN,” or another weather product
also be displayed. The display is color-coded to indi- appears. If the word is “NEXRAD-US” or
cate the weather level severity. Information about with “NEXRAD-CN,” do nothing; NEXRAD weather
is already being displayed.
sites are operational or off-line is also available.
To display NEXRAD weather on the Map page:
2. If the word in the upper left corner of the
page is another weather product (rather than
1. With the Map page (second page of the NAV “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN”), press the
page group) displayed, press the MENU key. small right (CRSR) knob to highlight that
The Page Menu for the Map page appears. word. Then turn the small right knob to
NEXRAD is also available on the Nav 1 page change to “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN.”
of the 500W series.
3. Press the small right knob again to bring
2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Display down the cursor (that is, to stop the blinking
US NEXRAD?” or “Display CN NEXRAD?,” and highlighting of “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-
then press ENT. (If “Hide US NEXRAD?” or CN”) and retain the selection.
“Hide CN NEXRAD?) appears, NEXRAD radar
data are already enabled; just press MENU
again to exit the Page Menu.)
NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage

SW Version 3.30 adds the ability to display
Canadian NEXRAD on the moving map pages and
the XM Weather page. The display has been modified
to specify whether the NEXRAD displayed is U.S. or
NOTE: US and Canadian radar may not be displayed
simultaneously.
Canadian.
14 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
NEXRAD Intensity 4. Turn the large or small knob to scroll through

Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD the full table. Press CLR to return to the normal
echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dBZ (deci- view.
bels of Z). “Reflectivity” is the amount of transmitted NEXRAD Abnormalities
power returned to the radar receiver. Reflectivity There are possible abnormalities regarding dis-
(designated by the letter Z) covers a wide range of played NEXRAD images. Some, but not all, causes of
signals (from very weak to very strong). So, a more abnormal displayed information include:
convenient number for calculations and comparison, a
decibel (or logarithmic) scale (dBZ), is used. The dBZ • Ground Clutter
values increase as the strength of the signal returned • Strobes and spurious radar data
to the radar increases. There are seven gradations for • Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points
rain, two gradations for mixed rain and snow, and two directly at the sun
gradations for snow.
• Military aircraft deploy metallic dust which can
cause alterations in radar scans
To display the NEXRAD Intensity Legend:
• Interference from buildings or mountains,
1. While viewing the XM Weather page, press the which may cause shadows
MENU key to display the Page Menu.
• Scheduled maintenance may put a radar off-line
2. Turn the large or small knob to select “Display
legend?”
3. Press ENT to display the NEXRAD Intensity

Legend.
190-00356-30 Rev H 15

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source NEXRAD Limitations

U.S.
Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD
radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the
user’s awareness:
• NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide suf-
ficient information to determine cloud layers or
precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc).
• NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the
minimum antenna elevation angle. An indi-
vidual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude
storms at close ranges, and has no information
about storms directly over the site.
XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source
Canada • Neither NEXRAD weather data nor the age of
the NEXRAD weather data are displayed at a
zoom range of less than 10 NM. The resolu-
tion of displayed NEXRAD data is 2 kilometers.
Therefore, when zoomed in on the display,
each square block is 2 kilometers. The intensity
level reflected by the square will be the high-
est level sampled within the 2 kilometer square
area.
XM Weather METARs
XM Weather METARs (Meteorological Aerodrome
Reports) are available on the XM Weather page. When
NOTE: The only weather product available for Canada enabled (that is, when “METAR” is shown in the upper
is Canadian NEXRAD. left corner of the page), airports with METAR infor-
mation above a certain severity level are marked with
colored flags on the display. Refer to the XM Weather
legend for a description of the color code. The update
rate is every 12 minutes.
16 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
To display METARs on the XM Weather page: To display the METAR Legend:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check 1. Press the MENU key to display the Page
the upper left corner to see whether “METAR” Menu.
or another weather product is displayed in the 2. Turn the large or small right knob to select
upper left corner. “Display legend?”
2. If another weather product (rather than 3. Press ENT to display the METAR symbols
“METAR”) is shown, press the small right legend. Press the CLR key to remove the
(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name, METAR Symbols legend.
such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob
to change to “METAR,” and press that small
right knob again to bring down the cursor
(stop the highlighting) and retain the “METAR”
selection.
3. Now, colored flags will be displayed at those
airports that have METARs above a certain
severity level. (If there are no colored flags
visible, you may have to search a wider
area—zoom out with the RNG key—before
you see some METAR flags.)
XM Weather METAR Symbols

VFR - Ceiling > 3000 ft and Cyan
visibility > 5 statute miles
MVFR (Marginal VFR) - Ceil- Green
ing 1000 to 3000 ft, and/or
visibility 3 to 5 statute miles
IFR - Ceiling 500 to 1000 ft, Yellow
and/or visibility 1 to 3
statute miles
LIFR (Low IFR) - Ceiling less Magenta
than 500 ft and/or visibility
less than 1 statute mile
190-00356-30 Rev H 17

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
Textual METAR Page

When the GDL 69/69A is installed, a Textual
METAR page is added among the APT (airport) pages
of the WPT page group. This page can be accessed
from the XM Weather page as well as from the WPT
page group.
To display Textual METARs from the Nav XM
Weather page:
1. While viewing the Nav XM Weather page, press
the MENU key to display the Page Menu.
2. Turn the large or small right knob to high-
light “Show Map Pointer?” and then press To view any airport’s Textual METAR page:
ENT.
1. If not viewing the WPT page group, press CLR
and turn the large right knob to select the
WPT page group.
2. Turn the small right knob until the Textual
METAR page appears.
3. Turn the large or small right knob to move
the Map Pointer to highlight an airport with a
METAR flag.
3. To select another airport, press the small right

(CRSR) knob to highlight the airport ID (in the
“APT” field).
4. Turn the small and large right knobs to edit
4. Press ENT to display the METAR text. With the airport identifier for the desired airport.
“Done?” highlighted, press ENT to return to Then, press ENT to confirm the airport name.
the map view. 5. Press the small right (CRSR) knob again to
remove the cursor (that is, to stop highlighting
the APT field).
18 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
Textual METAR/TAF Code TFR Information

The current airport weather reports on the Textual Areas with TFRs (Temporary Flight Restrictions)
METAR page (and the airport weather forecasts on the are shown outlined in yellow on the NAV main page
TAF page, too) use a rather cryptic format originally of the 500W-series and on the Map and XM Weather
devised for teleprinters. You can find information page of both the 400W and 500W-series. More
about this format in an FAA publication, Aviation information about Temporary Flight Restrictions can
Weather Formats: METAR/TAF, which can be down- be seen on the TFR Information page, which can be
loaded from the FAA Web site. accessed from the Map page or the XM Weather page.
You may see the following codes, which differ 1a. With the Map page (the second page of the
slightly from the codes described in the FAA publica- NAV page group) displayed, press the small
tion referenced above, at the start of a METAR on the right knob to bring up the map pointer.
Textual METAR page: or
• SA = METAR — a standard hourly METAR
report. 1b. With the XM Weather page (the third page
• SP = SPECI — a Special Report inserted of the NAV page group) displayed, press the
between regular hourly METARs to provide MENU key to bring up the Page Menu. Then,
late-breaking weather news. turn the large right knob to highlight “Show
Map Pointer” and press ENT to bring up the
TAF Page map pointer.
When a GDL 69/69A is installed, the TAF (Termi- 2. Turn the large and small right knobs to move
nal Aerodrome Forecast) page is inserted into the WPT the map pointer to the yellow boundary of a
page group, immediately after the Textual METAR TFR region. When the map pointer is within
page. the TFR region, its boundary will be highlighted
This page shows a text message giving a weather with a wider yellow line.
forecast for a particular airport. The format is similar
to that used for METARS, but describes a weather
forecast rather than current weather at the particular
airport.
190-00356-30 Rev H 19

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
3. Press ENT. The first item is the pop-up Page NOTE: The full text of the NOTAM may be obtained
Menu will be “Review TFR?”. from a local FSS or from the FAA web site, using the
contents of this field as a reference to locate the
particular NOTAM. However, the information shown on
the TFR Information page is sufficient to let you comply
with the Temporary Flight Restriction by avoiding the
affected area.
• Active Time. This field is for the beginning and

ending times of the temporary flight restriction.
It may be blank, in which case the TFR is active
“until further notice.”
• Vert Limits. This field gives the upper and
4. Press ENT again to see the TFR Information lower limits of the airspace to which the TFR
page. applies.
Lightning (LTNG)
When enabled, lightning strikes and cells are
shown. Lightning information indicates the location of
cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. Lightning strikes are
noted by yellow plus (+) signs.
To view XM Weather Lightning Strikes:
1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check
the upper left corner to see whether “LTNG”
5. Press ENT when done viewing the TFR Informa- or another weather product is displayed.
tion page. 2. If another weather product (rather than
The fields of the TFR Information page are as fol- “LTNG”) is shown, press the small right
lows: (CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,
• Type. A brief description of the reason for the such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob
temporary flight restriction appears here. Some to change to “LTNG,” and press that small
examples of the text that might appear here right knob again to bring down the cursor
are: “Fire,” “Miscellaneous,” “National Security (stop the highlighting) and retain the “LTNG”
Area,” “Natural Disaster,” and “Sports Event.” selection.
• Facility/NOTAM. This filed contains a code
for the name of the FAA facility that issued the
NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) announcing the
TFR, followed by the NOTAM number. For
instance, “ZSE 6/9507” would mean NOTAM
number 6/9507 from the Seattle ARTCC (KZSE).
20 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 2
XM Weather
Cell Movement (CELL MOVE) To view XM Weather Cell Movement details:

When enabled, Cell Movement shows the storm 1. While viewing the XM Weather page with Cell
cells identified by the ground-based system. The Movement active, activate the Map Pointer by
movement is depicted by an arrow. The tip of the pressing the MENU key, highlighting “Show
arrow represents where the cell is expected to be in 10 Map Pointer,” and press ENT.
minutes from the time the cell location was deter- 2. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor
mined. Cell Movement is noted by a yellow box with left and right. Turn the small right knob to
an arrow showing reported the direction of travel. move the cursor up and down.
To view XM Weather Cell Movement: 3. Move the cursor into the Cell Movement sym-
1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check the bol to view details about the Cell.
upper left corner to see whether “CELL MOVE”
or another weather product is displayed.
2. If another weather product (rather than “CELL
MOVE”) is shown, press the small right
(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,
such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob
to change to “CELL MOVE,” and press that
small right knob again to bring down the
cursor (stop the highlighting) and retain the
“CELL MOVE” selection.
190-00356-30 Rev H 21

Part Two: Section 3
XM Weather
Winds Aloft For example, a vertically oriented wind barb with a

The Winds Aloft selection provides the pilot with pennant, two long lines and a short line at its upper end
a graphic display of predicted winds at any one of 15 would denote a 75-knot wind blowing from the north.
selectable altitudes. The winds at a given altitude are To view XM Weather Winds Aloft:
selected in the Winds Aloft Alt selection. The selected 1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check the
altitude is shown along with the product effective upper left corner of the display. If a weather
time. Winds Aloft predictions are updated every hour product other than “WINDS” is shown, press
and are made available via the GDL 69/69A at a more the small right (CRSR) knob to highlight the
frequent interval. product name. Turn the small right knob until
The display includes: “WINDS” is displayed.
• Wind barbs, representing wind speed, and 2. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor
direction down to the Altitude field, then use the small
• The selected altitude right knob to select an altitude from ground
• The effective time for the prediction. level up to 42,000 feet (in 3,000-foot incre-
ments). Note that you can move up and down
Winds Aloft are represented by meteorological
the atmosphere, comparing wind predictions
symbols known as “wind barbs”. A wind barb consists
at different altitudes.
of an arrow-like line that indicates the direction in
which the wind is blowing, with marks (“barbs”) along
one side of the line to indicate wind speed. The barbed
end of the symbol points in the direction from which
the wind is coming. Barbs, which are used singly and
in combinations, have the following values:
• A short line: 5 knots
• A long line: 10 knots
• A pennant (triangle): 50 knots
3. When done, press the small right (CRSR)

knob again to remove the cursor (remove
highlighting from the altitude field).
22 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 3
XM Aux Pages
Winds Aloft Altitude Section 3: XM AUX Pages

The Winds Aloft Altitude selection provides the When a GDL 69 (or GDL 69A) is installed, three
pilot with the ability to select any wind altitude from (or four) pages are inserted into the 500W/500W’s
the ground up to 42,000 feet in 3,000 foot increments. AUX page group. Here we discuss the two pages that
When no data are shown at a given altitude, the data are inserted regardless of whether the XM receiver is a
for that altitude has not been received. Wait for the GDL 69 or GDL 69A:
next update. The selected altitude is depicted below • XM Information Page. This page contains
the WINDS label. information that you will use when activating
To change the XM Weather Winds Aloft altitude: your XM satellite radio subscription.
1. With the “WINDS” product selected, turn the • XM Weather Timestamp Pages. These pages
large right knob to highlight the altitude show timestamp data for the most recently
value. received XM weather data.
The other AUX page, which is installed only if the
XM receiver is a GDL 69A, is the XM audio page.
XM Information Page
The XM Information page in the AUX page group
is the page you will refer to when activating your sub-
scription to the XM Satellite Radio services.
2. Turn the small right knob to change the

value.
3. When done, press the small right (CRSR)
knob again to remove the cursor (remove
highlighting from the altitude field).
• Audio ID. The Audio ID contains the eight-

character identification code of the XM Audio
radio built into the GDL 69A. Provide this ID
to XM Satellite Radio when activating an XM
audio subscription. (In the case of a GDL 69,
this field shows eight hyphens instead of an
190-00356-30 Rev H 23

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
audio ID, because the GDL 69 is a data-only NOTE: If an unrecognized service class is detected,
receiver.) “Activated” will be displayed along with a service class
• Audio Signal. The Audio Signal field indicates code.
the signal strength of the GDL 69A’s audio
• GDL 69 Version. This field shows the version
signal. (In the case of a GDL 69, this field shows
number of the software in your GDL 69 or GDL
“antenna” rather than a signal strength indica-
69A XM radio receiver.
tion.)
• Data ID. The Data ID field contains the eight- XM WX Timestamps
character ID code of the XM data radio built The XM WX Timestamp pages, like the XM
into the GDL 69 or GDL 69A. Provide this ID Information page, is added to the 400W/500W’s AUX
to XM Satellite Radio when activating your XM page group when a GDL 69/69A is installed. These
aviation data subscription.
pages display date/time stamps showing when the
• Data Signal. The Data Signal field displays an
various items of XM weather data were most recently
indication of the XM data signal strength.
downloaded.
• Service Class. Once you have activated your
XM Satellite Radio service, the Service Class
field will show the XM subscription plan you
have purchased. Typical values would be “Avia-
tor LT” or “Aviator.” Currently, the 400W and
500W-series only support a subset of the Avia-
tor LT service from XM Satellite Radio.
Product Aviator LT Aviator
US NEXRAD • •
CN NEXRAD •
Radar Coverage • •
Precipitation Type • •
(at surface)
TFRs • •
US METARs • •
US TAFs • •
US Winds Aloft •
Cell Movement •
Lightning •
24 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
Each of these time stamps is a date-time group in Section 4: XM Audio

“DDHHMMZ” format, where:
• DD is the day of the month Audio entertainment is available through the XM
• HH is the hour of the day Satellite Radio Service when activated in the optional
• MM is the minute of the hour installation of the GDL 69A. The 400W and 500W
• Z is a time zone designator indicating that the series units serve as the display and control head for
date and time are for standard time on the your remotely mounted GDL 69A. XM Satellite Radio
Greenwich meridian: that is, UTC (Coordi- allows you to enjoy a variety of radio programming
nated Universal Time). over long distances without having to constantly
search for new stations. Based on signal from satellites,
coverage far exceeds land-based transmissions. When
enabled, the XM Satellite Radio audio entertainment is
accessible in the AUX function.
The information on the XM Satellite Radio display
is composed of four areas: the Active channel, avail-
able Channels, Category of the highlighted channel,
and the Volume setting. The Active Channel window
shows the Channel Name and Number, Artist, Song
Title, Category, and provides an indication of signal
strength. A bar graph next to the antenna symbol
describes the signal strength. Maximum signal strength
is shown by three full bars.
Category name
Channel Name
Channel
number
Slider
Pointer showing
current selection
being played
Artist name
Audio output (enabled or disabled)
Song title
Channel Signal strength
number indicator
Channel name
XM Audio Page Description
190-00356-30 Rev H 25

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
The XM Audio page allows you to control the 3. Press ENT to select the highlighted category.
functions of the XM Audio receiver in the GDL 69A, The first channel in the selected category will
such as, category and channel selection, artist now be highlighted and the current song being
selection, and volume. Pressing the MENU key played in that channel will be shown in the
displays the Page Menu selections. lower window.
Selecting categories 4. Turn the large right knob counterclockwise

1. Press the small right (Crsr) knob to high- to move the highlight back up to the cat-
light the category names. The categories will egory name window.
be listed below in numeric order. Selecting channels
2. Turn the small right knob to scroll through 1. Press the small right (Crsr) knob to high-
the list of categories. Categories are shown in light the category names.
the upper section of the display. The channels
2. Turn the large right knob clockwise, or press
for each category are shown in the list below
ENT, to move the highlight into the channel
the category title.
selections.
3. Turn the small right knob to highlight a chan-
nel.
4. Press ENT to select the highlighted channel
for listening. A triangle will point to the song
currently being played.
26 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
XM Audio Menu
The XM Audio Menu provides choices for selecting
a channel, displaying the channel, artist, or title,
enabling audio output, and controlling the volume.
1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the
MENU key.
3. Turn the large right knob clockwise to move

the highlight into the presets list. Turn the
small right knob to highlight the position
where you want to place the preset.
2. Turn the large or small right knobs to high-

light the choices. Press the ENT key to make a
selection.
Add to Presets List
Up to fifteen channels may be saved as presets to
easily return to your favorite channels. 4. Press ENT to replace the previous preset chan-
1. While viewing the XM Audio page, selected nel with the newly selected channel.
the desired channel.
2. While the desired channel is highlighted, press
the MENU key. With “Add to Presets List?”
highlighted, press ENT.
190-00356-30 Rev H 27

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
Enter Channel Number Display Channel In List

You may directly select a specific channel by using Channels can be shown in a list of channels in the
the “Enter Channel Number” item from the Page middle pane by using the “Display Channel In List”
Menu. item from the Page Menu.
1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the 1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the
MENU key. Turn the large right knob to MENU key. Turn the large right knob to
highlight “Enter Channel Number.” highlight “Display Channel In List.”
2. Turn the large right knob to move the
highlight and the small right knob to select
a number.
3. Press the ENT key to make a selection. The

selected channel will now play and is dis-
played in the window at the bottom of the 2. Press the ENT key.
display.
28 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
Display Artist In List Display Title In List

The name of the artists in the range of displayed The Titles of the songs in the range of displayed
channels can be shown in the middle pane by using channels can be shown in the middle pane by using
the “Display Artist In List” item from the Page Menu. the “Display Title In List” item from the Page Menu.
1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the 1. While viewing the XM Audio page, press the
MENU key. Turn the large right knob to MENU key. Turn the large right knob to
highlight “Display Artist In List.” highlight “Display Title In List.”
2. Press the ENT key. 2. Press the ENT key.
190-00356-30 Rev H 29

Part Two: Section 4
XM Audio
Enable/Mute Audio Output Change Volume

The Enable/Mute Audio Output selection of the The XM Audio volume may be changed in two
Page Menu allows you to toggle the audio output On ways: directly with the Range keys or through the
or Off. When Audio Output is muted, a green slash Page Menu.
will cross over the music symbol in the song pane.
MENU key. Turn the large right knob to
highlight “Enable Audio Output” or “Disable
Audio Output.”
2. Press the ENT key to perform the highlighted
action. Pressing the CLR key toggles the
audio output.
MENU key. Turn the large right knob to
highlight “Change Volume.”
2a. Press the ENT key and then turn the small
right knob to change the volume.
or
2b. Press the Range keys to adjust the volume.
30 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Three: Section 1
TAWS Introduction
Part Three: NOTE: TAWS-enabled units can be identified by

observing the power-up screens. TAWS-enabled units
TAWS Interface will display “TAWS” after the model number. TAWS-
Section 1: Introduction enabled units can also be identified by going to the
Terrain page and checking the upper left-corner for
“TAWS.”
NOTE: Either the TERRAIN, TAWS (500W-series only),
HTAWS, or Terrain Proximity functionality will be avail-
able via the Terrain page, depending on the installed Operating Criteria
hardware and configuration. Garmin TAWS requires the following to operate
properly:
Overview
Garmin’s Terrain Awareness Warning System • The system must have a valid 3D GPS position
(TAWS) is an optional feature (500W-series only) to solution
increase situational awareness and aid in reducing
• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/
controlled flight into terrain. Garmin TAWS satisfies airport terrain database
TSO-C151b Class B requirements for certification.
Limitations
Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 aircraft
operations with six or more passenger seats and for NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle
databases comes from government agencies. Garmin
Part 135 turbine aircraft operations with six to nine accurately processes and cross-validates the data, but
passenger seats (FAR Parts 91.223, 135.154). cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the
TAWS provides visual and aural annunciations data.
when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to
threshold from the aircraft. the altitude of the aircraft. Individual obstructions may
be shown if available in the database. However, all
obstructions may not be available in the database and
data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for
navigation.
Terrain information is based on terrain elevation
data contained in a database that may contain
inaccuracies. Terrain information should be used
as an aid to situational awareness. Never use it for
navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain.
Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO-C151b Class B TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information sup-
requirements for certification plied by government sources. The data undergoes veri-
fication by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content,
per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information
should never be understood as being all-inclusive.
190-00356-30 Rev H 31

TAWS Operation
Section 2: TAWS Operation defined by the International Standard Atmosphere

(ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse
TAWS Alerting rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-cor-
rected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ
TAWS uses information provided from the GPS
from the GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in
receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude.
the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-cor-
GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements.
rected altitude.
GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-
based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to Power Up
determine TAWS alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is During power-up of the 500W Series unit, the
affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is terrain/obstacle database versions are displayed along
not subject to variations in pressure and temperature with a disclaimer to the pilot. At the same time,
that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS- TAWS self-test begins. TAWS gives the following aural
MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings messages upon test completion:
to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude
provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude • “TAWS System Test, OK”, if the system passes the test
source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. • “TAWS System Failure”, if the system fails the test
TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that
A test failure is also annunciated visually for TAWS,
are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS
as shown in the TAWS Alert Summary table.
position and GPS-MSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D
picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative TAWS Page
to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, The TAWS Page is in the NAV group of pages (see
the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to the 500W Series Pilot’s Guide for detailed information
calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in regarding page groups and pages).
relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this
manner, TAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted
dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are
described later in this section.
Baro-Corrected Altitude
Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is de-
rived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmo-
spheric conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected
altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the
altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along The TAWS Page
the flight path. However, because actual atmosphere
conditions seldom match the standard conditions
32 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Operation
To display the TAWS Page, select the NAV group To change the display range:
and turn the small right knob until the TAWS Page 1. Select the TAWS Page and press up or down
is displayed. Terrain information, aircraft ground on the RNG key to select the desired range:
track, and GPS-derived MSL altitude are displayed 1 NM, 2 NM, 5 NM, 10 NM, 25 NM, 50 NM,
on the page. Altitude is shown in increments of 20 100 NM.
feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending on unit Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and
configuration. The “G” to right of the MSL altitude other navaids can be turned on or off on the TAWS
display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived. Page.
The TAWS Page has two selectable view settings:
To show or hide aviation information:
1. Press MENU.
2. Select “Show (or Hide) Aviation Data?” and
press ENT. Pressing the CLR key when the
TAWS Page is displayed can also be used to
toggle aviation information on or off.
120˚ Viewing Angle on the TAWS Page
•360˚ View—View from above aircraft depicting

surrounding terrain on all sides Aviation Data
•120˚ View—View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to To show or hide Legend:
either side of the aircraft flight path 1. Press MENU.
NOTE: The TAWS Page gives a “Track Up” display ori-
entation, as indicated by the “TRK” label shown on the 2. Select “Show (or Hide) Legend?” and press
display. This is the only orientation available for the ENT.
TAWS Page.
To display a 120˚ view:

1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU. Select
“View 120˚?”.
2. Press ENT. The TAWS Page displays the 120˚
view. To change to a 360˚ view, repeat step 1,
select “View 360˚?”, and press ENT. Select Show/Hide Legend
Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a
more complete view of the surrounding area.
190-00356-30 Rev H 33

TAWS Operation
Inhibit Mode The annunciation is displayed in

TAWS provides an “inhibit mode”. This mode is the terrain annunciator field whenever TAWS
designed to deactivate PDA/FLTA aural and visual is inhibited.
alerts when they are deemed unnecessary by the To enable PDA and FLTA alerts:
aircrew. Flying VFR into an area where unique terrain 1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.
exists could cause the system to annunciate a nuisance “Enable Terrain?” is selected by default.
alert. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting 2. Press ENT. The PDA/FLTA alerts are functional
the TAWS system and always remember to enable the again.
system when appropriate. Only the PDA and FLTA External TAWS Inhibit Control
alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode. See section 3 An optional installation is allowed for providing
for more information on TAWS alerts. an external TAWS Inhibit switch. Pressing the external
TERRAIN configured units will restore the “inhibit TAWS Inhibit switch toggles the TAWS inhibit on and off
state” at startup to the last pilot-selected setting. TAWS in the same manner as using the Page Menu selection.
configured units will always start up with TAWS alerts
TAWS Manual Test
uninhibited.
Garmin TAWS provides a manual test capability
which verifies the proper operation of the aural and
visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight.
“Test TAWS” selection

To manually test the TAWS system:
1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.
2. Select the “Test TAWS?” option.
3. Press ENT to confirm the selection.
An aural message is played giving the test results:
Inhibiting Terrain • “TAWS System Test, OK” if the system passes the
test
To inhibit PDA and FLTA alerts:
• “TAWS System Failure” if the system fails the test
1. Select the TAWS Page and press MENU.
“Inhibit Terrain?” is selected by default. NOTE: TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground
speed exceeds 30 knots so as not to impede TAWS alert-
2. Press ENT. The PDA/FLTA alerts are inhibited. ing.
34 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Operation
TAWS Symbols Map” menu option in the “Terrain” group under the
The symbols and colors in the following figure and “Obstacles” option. Obstacles can be shown up to the
table are used to represent obstacles and potential impact maximum zoom range on the TAWS page. However,
points on the TAWS Page. TAWS uses yellow and red obstacles are ALWAYS shown on the TAWS page at
to depict terrain information relative to aircraft altitude. 10 NM and below. Gray/White obstacles are shown on
Each color is associated with an alert severity level. Ter- the Nav Map pages, but not on the TAWS page.
rain graphics and visual annunciations also use these
color assignments. NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
The zoom range of obstacles (on the TAWS and of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically
zooms in to the closest potential point of impact
NAV pages) is controlled by the NAV map’s “Setup
on the TAWS Page.
Potential Impact Point
Projected Flight Path Terrain above or

within 100 ft
100 ft Threshold below the aircraft
Unlighted Obstacle altitude (Red)
1000 ft
Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the

aircraft altitude (Yellow)
Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black)
TAWS Terrain Colors
Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle

< 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Color Obstacle Location
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Obstacle Symbol
Red Obstacle at or within 100 ft below current aircraft altitude
Obstacle between 100 ft and 1000 ft below current aircraft

Yellow
altitude
White Obstacle is 1000 ft below current aircraft altitude
TAWS Obstacle Colors and Symbology

190-00356-30 Rev H 35

TAWS Operation
Database Versions
Potential Impact Point Alert Level
WARNING (Red) The version and area of coverage of each ter-
rain/obstacle database is shown on the Terrain Data-
CAUTION (Yellow) base Versions Page, located in the AUX Page Group.
Databases are checked for integrity at power-up. If a
TAWS Alert Coloring and Symbology database is found to be missing and/or deficient, the
General Database Information TAWS system fails the self-test and displays the TAWS
Garmin TAWS uses terrain and obstacle informa- system failure message.
tion supplied by government sources. The data under-
goes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of
the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed
information should never be understood as being
all-inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves
with the appropriate charts for safe flight.
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle data-
bases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately
processes and cross-validates the data, but cannot guaran-
tee the accuracy and completeness of the data.
The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a

datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the
400W/500W Series units.
Terrain Database Information
36 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Operation
Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodi- The following describes the area of coverage avail-
cally with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the able in each database. Regional definitions may change
Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/ without notice.
obstacle databases. Compare database cycle numbers
to determine if a newer version is available. Database Coverage Area
The database update process includes either Latitudes: N75° to S60°
reprogramming or replacing the database card and Longitudes: W180° to E180°
inserting the updated card in the right card slot on the Worldwide (WW) Cycle 09T1 and later:
unit front panel. The terrain/obstacle database may Latitudes: N90° to S90°
be downloaded via the internet and the card repro- Longitudes: W180° to E180°
grammed using a USB programmer available from Limited to the United States plus
Garmin. Contact Garmin at 800-800-1020 or at United States (US) some areas of Canada, Mexico,
www.garmin.com for more information. Caribbean, and the Pacific.
To update your terrain/obstacle databases: Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,
1. Acquire a new terrain data card from Caribbean*, Czech Republic,
Garmin. Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
2. Turn off the power to the 500W Series unit. Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,
US/Europe Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
3. Remove the old terrain data card and insert the
Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,
new card into the right-most slot of the 500W
Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Series unit.
Sweden, Switzerland, United
4. Turn on the 500W Series unit and verify that Kingdom, United States
the TAWS system passes self-test. * Indicates partial coverage
NOTE: It is very important to note that not all obstacles

are necessarily charted and therefore may not be con-
tained in the Obstacle Database.
190-00356-30 Rev H 37

TAWS Alerts
Section 3: TAWS Alerts NOTE: TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant
black text on a yellow background; TAWS Warning
Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red
parameters that are set within TAWS software background.
algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ either a
CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations The unit will issue terrain alerts not only when the
are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued. aircraft altitude is below the terrain elevation but
Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower also when the aircraft is projected to come within
left corner of the display. minimum clearance values of the terrain. This
TAWS Annunciation Field alerting, called Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
(FLTA), is also provided for obstacles. Any potential
impact points are depicted on the display. There
are 2 levels of severity for FLTA alerts. They are
cautionary (amber) and warning (red) in nature and
are described in further detail below.
TAWS Annunciation Field

Annunciations are color-coded according to the
TAWS Alert Summary table. Pop-up terrain alerts can
also appear during an alert, but only when the TAWS CAUTION—Estimated potential impact in approximately 30 sec-
Page is not displayed. There are two options when onds after a FLTA Caution pop-up alert and annunciation. FLTA
caution alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Caution
an alert is displayed:
Terrain; Caution Terrain” OR “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”.
To acknowledge the pop-up alert and return to Similarly, a “Caution Obstacle; Caution Obstacle” or “Obstacle
the currently viewed page: Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” alert is also provided. The time to an
Press the CLR button. alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is no guarantee
of a 30 second caution alert being issued.
To acknowledge the pop-up alert and quickly
access the TAWS Page:
Press the ENT button.
NOTE: To further capture the attention of the pilot,
TAWS issues aural (voice) messages that accompany
visual annunciations and pop-up alerts. Some aural
messages are configurable during installation of the
system. For a summary of aural messages, see the
TAWS Alert Summary table.
38 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Alerts
WARNING— Estimated potential impact in approximately Premature Descent Alerting (PDA)

15 seconds after a FLTA warning pop-up alert. FLTA warning
pop-up alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Terrain,
The TAWS system issues a Premature Descent
Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” or “Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Alert (PDA) when the system detects that the aircraft
Ahead, Pull Up”. Similarly, a “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull is significantly below the normal approach path to a
Up” or “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up” runway. PDA begins when the aircraft is within 15 NM
alert is also provided. The time to an alert can vary with condi- of the destination airport.
tions, therefore there is no guarantee of a 15 second warning
alert being issued. PDA ends when the aircraft is either:
• 0.5 NM from the runway threshold
OR
Phase of Flight Level Flight Descending • is below an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within
En Route 700 ft. 500 ft. 1.0 NM of the threshold.
Terminal 350 ft. 300 ft.
Approach 150 ft. 100 ft. (EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET

Departure 100 ft. 100 ft.
Minimum TERRAIN Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts
NOTE: During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA
alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is 0$! !LERTING !REA
below 200 feet AGL while within 0.5 NM of the approach

runway or is below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 NM of
the runway. 2UNWAY
4HRESHOLD
$ISTANCE &ROM $ESTINATION !IRPORT NM
CAUTION — The above annunciation and pop-up

terrain alert are displayed during a PDA alert. For
TAWS, the PDA alert is accompanied by the aural
message “Too Low, Terrain”.
190-00356-30 Rev H 39

TAWS Alerts
Excessive Descent Rate Alert (EDR)

The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate alert
is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is
determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain
at an excessive speed. The parameters for the alert as
defined by TSO-C151b are shown in the Descent Rate
graph. WARNING—The annunciation and pop-up terrain alert
are accompanied by the aural message “Pull Up”.

Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR)

The purpose of the Negative Climb Rate After
Takeoff alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After
Height Above Terrain (Feet)
E"
AT Takeoff”) is to provide suitable alerts to the pilot
K R
IN when the system determines that the aircraft is losing
"S
altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The

aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts,
accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain
alert on the display.
NCR alerting is only active when departing from an
airport and when the following conditions are met:
"PULL UP"
• The height above the terrain is less than 700 feet
• The distance from the departure airport is 2 NM or

less

$ESCENT 2ATE • The heading change from the heading at the time of
departure is less than 110 degrees
Excessive Descent Rate Graph
The NCR alerting parameters as defined by
TSO-C151b are shown in the Negative Climb Rate
Excessive Descent Rate Severity Levels
Alert Criteria figures below. The NCR alert is issued
when the altitude loss and height are within the range
in the first figure, or when the sink rate (negative
vertical speed) and height are within the range in the
second figure.
CAUTION—The annunciation and pop-up terrain alert

are accompanied by the aural message “Sink Rate”.
40 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Alerts

(EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET

h$/.4 3).+v

!LTITUDE ,OSS &EET

(EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET

h$/.4 3).+v

3INK 2ATE &EET 0ER -INUTE

Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Alert Criteria
190-00356-30 Rev H 41

TAWS Alerts
“Five-Hundred” Aural Alert

The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-Hun-
dred” is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that
the aircraft is five-hundred feet above terrain. When
the aircraft descends within 500 feet of terrain, the
aural message “Five-hundred” is generated. There are no
display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany
the aural message.
TAWS Not Available Alert
Garmin TAWS requires a 3-D GPS navigation solu- No GPS Position
tion along with specific vertical accuracy minimums.
Should the navigation solution become degraded, or if TAWS Failure Alert
the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the an- TAWS continually monitors several system-critical
nunciation “TER N/A” is generated in the annunciation items, such as database validity, hardware status, and
window. When the GPS signal is re-established and the GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not avail-
aircraft is within the database coverage area, the “TER able, the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is issued
N/A” annunciation is removed.
along with the “TER FAIL” annunciation.
“TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE” Display

TAWS FAILED Display
TAWS Alert Summary

The aural alert voice gender is configurable to be
either male or female. Also, there are different alert
text phrases available for several of the alerts, as shown
below. See your Garmin installer for further informa-
tion on configuring the alert system.
Position Outside Terrain Database Coverage

42 190-00356-30 Rev H

TAWS Alerts
TAWS Alerts Summary
TAWS
Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Description
Annunciation
None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS has failed
None None TAWS has been inhibited by flight crew
None “Terrain Not Available” TAWS not available
“Sink Rate” Excessive Descent Rate Caution
“Pull Up” Excessive Descent Rate Warning
“Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
or or Caution for Terrain
“Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”
“Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
or or Warning for Terrain
“Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up”
“Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

or or Caution for Obstacle
“Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”
“Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
or or Warning for Obstacle
“Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull
Up”
“Too Low, Terrain” Premature Descent Alert Caution
“Don’t Sink” Negative Climb Rate Caution
or or
“Too Low, Terrain”
None None “Five-Hundred” 500 ft. AGL Altitude Callout
NOTE: TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background; TAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as
constant white text on a red background.
190-00356-30 Rev H 43

TAWS Alerts
Pilot Actions
If a TAWS warning and associated aural are
received, the pilot should immediately respond to the
aural and pull up with maximum power and climb
rate unless the terrain or obstacle is clearly identified
visually and determined to not be a safety of flight
factor. Reference FAR 91.223.
A TAWS caution indicates terrain or obstacle
nearby. If possible visually locate the terrain or
obstacle for avoidance. A TAWS warning may follow
a TAWS caution unless the aircraft’s path towards the
terrain or obstacle is changed.
NOTE: Display of terrain and obstacles on the display
is supplemental data only. Maneuvering solely by ref-
erence to the terrain and obstacle data is not recom-
mended or authorized.
44 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Four: Section 1
HTAWS Introduction
Part Four: Operating Criteria
HTAWS Interface Garmin HTAWS requires the following to operate

properly:
Section 1: Introduction • The system must have a valid 3D GPS position
solution
NOTE: Either the TERRAIN, TAWS (500W-series only),
• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle
HTAWS, or Terrain Proximity functionality will be available
via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware database.
and configuration.
Limitations
Overview
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle
Garmin’s Helicopter Terrain Awareness Warning databases comes from government agencies. Garmin
accurately processes and cross-validates the data, but
System (HTAWS) is an optional feature to increase
cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the
situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled data.
flight into terrain. Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO-C194
requirements for certification. HTAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to
HTAWS provides visual and aural annunciations the flight path of the aircraft. Individual obstructions
when terrain and obstacles are a hazard to the aircraft. may be shown if available in the database. However, all
obstructions may not be available in the database and
data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for
navigation.
Terrain information is based on terrain elevation
data contained in a database that may contain
inaccuracies. Terrain information should be used as an
aid to situational awareness. Never use it for navigation
or to maneuver to avoid terrain.
HTAWS uses terrain and obstacle information sup-
plied by government sources. The data undergoes veri-
HTAWS Page with Terrain Alert fication by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content.
However, the displayed information should never be
NOTE: HTAWS-enabled units can be identified by
observing the power-up screens. HTAWS-enabled understood as being all-inclusive.
units will display “HTAWS” after the model number.
HTAWS-enabled units can also be identified by going to
the Terrain page and checking the upper left-corner for
“HTAWS.”
190-00356-30 Rev H 45

HTAWS Operation
Section 2: HTAWS Operation fined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse rates
HTAWS Alerting have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected
altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the
HTAWS uses information provided from the GPS
GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s
receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude.
true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude.
GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements.
GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)- Power Up
based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to During power-up of the unit, the terrain/obstacle
determine HTAWS alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer
is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is to the pilot. At the same time, HTAWS self-test begins.
not subject to variations in pressure and temperature HTAWS gives the following aural messages upon test
that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS- completion:
MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to
• “HTAWS System Test, OK”, if the system passes the test
determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude pro-
vides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source • “HTAWS System Failure”, if the system fails the test
to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. A test failure is also annunciated visually for
HTAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that HTAWS, as shown in the HTAWS Alert Summary table.
are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS
HTAWS Page
position and GPS-MSL altitude, HTAWS displays a 2-D
The HTAWS Page is in the NAV group of pages (see
picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative
the Pilot’s Guide for detailed information regarding
to the position and altitude of the aircraft. The GPS
page groups and pages).
position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate
and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to
the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner,
HTAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted
dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are
described later in this section.
Baro-Corrected Altitude
Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is de-
rived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmo-
spheric conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected
altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the
altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along
HTAWS Page
the flight path. However, because actual atmosphere
conditions seldom match the standard conditions de-
46 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Operation
To display the HTAWS Page, select the NAV group To display 120˚ or 360˚ view:
and turn the small right knob until the HTAWS 1. Select the HTAWS Page and press MENU. Select
Page is displayed. Terrain information, aircraft ground “View 120˚?” or “View 360˚?”.
track, and GPS-derived MSL altitude are displayed 2. Press ENT. The HTAWS Page displays the
on the page. Altitude is shown in increments of 20 selected view. Repeat step 1 to select the
feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending on unit alternate view, and press ENT.
configuration. The “G” to right of the MSL altitude Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a
display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived. more complete view of the surrounding area.
Page Menu To change the display range:
The HTAWS page menu provides options to 1. Select the HTAWS Page and press up or down
acknowledge caution alerts, reduce protection, or on the RNG key to select the desired range:
inhibit alerting. The acknowledge caution alert 1 NM, 2 NM, 5 NM, 10 NM, 25 NM, 50 NM,
functionality suppresses the issuance of caution 100 NM.
aural messages, while still displaying the visual Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and
annunciations, but allows warnings to remain other navaids can be turned on or off on the HTAWS
annunciated both visually and aurally. Page.
The HTAWS Page has two selectable view settings: To show or hide aviation information:
1. Press MENU.
2. Select “Show (or Hide) Aviation Data?” and
press ENT. Pressing the CLR key when the
HTAWS Page is displayed can also be used to
toggle aviation information on or off.
120˚ Viewing Angle on the HTAWS Page
• 360˚ View—View from above aircraft depicting

surrounding terrain on all sides.
• 120˚ View—View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to Aviation Data
either side of the aircraft flight path.
NOTE: The HTAWS Page gives a “Track Up” display
orientation, as indicated by the “TRK” label shown on
the display. This is the only orientation available for the
HTAWS Page.
190-00356-30 Rev H 47

HTAWS Operation
Inhibit Mode To inhibit HTAWS alerts:

HTAWS provides an “inhibit mode”. This mode is 1. Select the HTAWS Page and press MENU.
designed to deactivate aural and visual alerts when they “Inhibit HTAWS?” is selected by default.
are deemed unnecessary by the aircrew. Pilots should 2. Press ENT. The HTAWS alerts are inhibited. The
use discretion when inhibiting the HTAWS system and annunciation is displayed in the
always remember to enable the system when appropri- terrain annunciator field whenever HTAWS is
ate. VCO’s are not inhibited in Inhibit Mode. See section inhibited.
3 for more information on HTAWS alerts. When alerting NOTE: When the ground speed falls below 30 knots
is inhibited, all FLTA aural and visual alerting is sup- HTAWS will automatically display the “TAWS INHB”
pressed. HTAWS should only be inhibited when in visual annunciation. This indicates that HTAWS is no longer
providing CFIT protection.
contact with terrain and when the pilot can be assured
of maintaining clearance from terrain and obstacles. This automatic “TAWS INHB” cannot be removed by
When conducting en route operations and operations menu option selection. In fact, the menu option can
still list the “Inhibit HTAWS” option when HTAWS is
from published airports and heliports HTAWS should be automatically inhibited due to speed.
operated in Normal mode. HTAWS configured units will
always start up with HTAWS alerts uninhibited. If the pilot selects any mode on the Menu while the
unit is Auto-Inhibited because it is less than 30 knots
then the unit will enter that mode once ground speed
exceeds 30 knots. Hence the presence of these selec-
tions on the Menu.
External HTAWS Inhibit Control
An optional installation is allowed for providing an
external HTAWS Inhibit switch. Pressing the external
HTAWS Inhibit switch toggles the HTAWS inhibit on
and off in the same manner as using the Page Menu
selection.
Reduced Protection Mode
The Reduce Protection (RP) functionality allows
operating with a reduction in the alerting thresholds,
and suppresses visual and aural annunciation of cau-
tion alerts. Reduced protection allows low level opera-
tions and landings off airport with a minimum number
of alerts while continuing to provide protection from
terrain and obstacles. Reduced Protection should only
Inhibiting HTAWS be selected when operating in visual contact with the
terrain as alerting times are significantly less than in
normal mode. There is support for an external RP
Mode switch and an external Mute Caution switch.
48 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Operation
Mute Active Caution

When an HTAWS Caution occurs, the “Mute Active
Caution?” selection will be available on the Page Menu.
NOTE: 1) Selecting this only mutes the caution that
is presently active - if the caution goes away, then the
next caution will be heard, 2) It does not mute warn-
ings, only cautions., 3) Mute Caution functionality via a
remote switch may be installed.
To mute a caution:
1. Select the HTAWS Page and press MENU. Turn
the large or small right knob to highlight
“Mute Active Caution?”.
Reducing HTAWS Protection

To reduce protection:
“Reduce Protection?”.
2. Press ENT. Protection is reduced. The “RP
Mode” annunciation is displayed in the ter- Mute HTAWS Caution
rain annunciator field whenever protection is 2. Press ENT. The caution will be muted.
reduced. To unmute active caution:
To enable full protection:
“Unmute Active Caution?”.
“Enable Full Protection?”.
“Enable Full Protection” selection 2. Press ENT. The active cautions will be
unmuted.
2. Press ENT. Full protection is functional again.
190-00356-30 Rev H 49

HTAWS Operation
HTAWS Manual Test HTAWS Legend

Garmin HTAWS provides a manual test capability 1. Select the HTAWS Page and press
which verifies the proper operation of the aural and MENU. Turn the large or small
visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight. right knob to highlight “Hide
Legend?” or “Show Legend?.”
“Test HTAWS” selection

To manually test the HTAWS system:
1. Select the HTAWS Page and press MENU.
2. Select the “Test HTAWS?” option.
2. Press ENT. The legend will be hidden or shown
3. Press ENT to confirm the selection. as selected.
HTAWS Test Display HTAWS Display with Legend

An aural message is played giving the test results: Color Description
• “HTAWS System Test, OK” if the system passes the Red Terrain is more than 250 ft above the aircraft.
test
Orange Terrain is between 0 ft and 250 ft above the aircraft.
• “HTAWS System Failure” if the system fails the test Yellow Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft below the aircraft.
NOTE: HTAWS System Testing is disabled when ground Green Terrain is between 250 ft and 500 ft below the aircraft.
speed exceeds 30 knots so as not to impede HTAWS Black Terrain is more than 500 ft below the aircraft.
alerting.
50 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Operation
HTAWS Symbols
The symbols and colors in the following figures and table are used to represent obstacles and potential impact points on the
HTAWS Page. Each color is associated with a height above terrain.
The zoom range of obstacles (on the TAWS and NAV pages) is controlled by the NAV map’s “Setup Map” menu option
in the “Terrain” group under the “Obstacles” option. Obstacles can be shown up to the maximum zoom range on the TAWS
page. However, obstacles are ALWAYS shown on the TAWS page at 10 NM and below.
NOTE: If an obstacle or terrain cell and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to
the closest potential point of impact on the HTAWS Page.
Terrain is more than 250 ft

Red above the aircraft altitude
Aircraft Altitude +250 ft
Orange Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft

above the aircraft altitude
Aircraft Altitude
Terrain is between 0 ft and 250 ft

Yellow below the aircraft altitude
Aircraft Altitude -250 ft

Green
below the aircraft altitude

Black Terrain more than 500 ft
HTAWS Terrain Altitude Colors and Symbology

Obstacle
< 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Obstacle Location
Color
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Red Obstacle is at or above current aircraft altitude

Obstacle Symbol
Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft below current aircraft

Yellow
altitude
White Obstacle is 250 ft, or more, below current aircraft altitude
HTAWS Obstacle Colors and Symbology
190-00356-30 Rev H 51

HTAWS Operation
Obstacle is at or above the aircraft altitude (Red)
250 ft
250 ft Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft

below the aircraft altitude (Yellow)
Obstacle is 250 ft, or more,

below the aircraft altitude (Gray)
HTAWS Obstacle Altitude Colors and Symbology
Potential Impact Point Alert Level Database Versions

WARNING (Red) The version and area of coverage of each terrain/
obstacle database is shown on the Terrain Database Ver-
CAUTION (Yellow) sions Page, located in the AUX Page Group. Databases
are checked for integrity at power-up. If a database
HTAWS Alert Coloring and Symbology
is found to be missing and/or deficient, the HTAWS
General Database Information system fails the self-test and displays the HTAWS
Garmin HTAWS uses terrain and obstacle infor- system failure message.
mation supplied by government sources. The data
undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy
of the content. However, the displayed information
should never be understood as being all-inclusive.
Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropri-
ate charts for safe flight.
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle data-
bases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately
processes and cross-validates the data, but cannot guarantee
the accuracy and completeness of the data.
The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a

datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the
400W/500W Series units.
52 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Alerts
using a USB programmer available from Garmin. Con-

tact Garmin at 800-800-1020 or at
www.garmin.com for more information.
To update your terrain/obstacle databases:
1. Acquire a new terrain data card from Garmin.
2. Turn off the power to the unit.
3. Remove the old terrain data card and insert the
new card into the right-most slot of the unit.
4. Turn on the unit and verify that the HTAWS
system passes self-test.
Terrain Database Areas of Coverage
The following describes the area of coverage avail-
able in each database. Regional definitions may change
without notice.
Database Coverage Area

Cycle 09T1, and later:
Terrain Database Information Worldwide (WW) Latitudes: N90° to S90°
Longitudes: W180° to E180°
To function properly HTAWS requires the use of
Latitudes: 0° to N90°
databases specific to helicopters and HTAWS. The databases Americas - North
Longitudes: W180° to W30°
required are:
1) 6 arc-second Terrain Database Latitudes: N30° to S90°
Americas - South
2) Helicopter Obstacle Database Longitudes: W180° to W30°
3) Helicopter Aviation Database including Heliports Latitudes: 0° to N90°
Atlantic - North
Database Updates Longitudes: W30° to E90°
Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodi- Latitudes: N30° to S90°
Atlantic - South
cally with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Longitudes: W30° to E90°
Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/ Latitudes: 0° to N90°
Pacific - North
obstacle databases. Compare database cycle numbers to Longitudes: E60° to E180°
determine if a newer version is available. Latitudes: N30° to S90°
Pacific - South
The database update process includes either repro- Longitudes: E60° to E180°
gramming or replacing the database card and inserting
the updated card in the right card slot on the unit front
panel. The terrain/obstacle database may be down-
loaded via the internet and the card reprogrammed
190-00356-30 Rev H 53

HTAWS Alerts
Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage Section 3: HTAWS Alerts

The following describes the area of coverage avail- Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet
able in each database. Regional definitions may change parameters that are set within HTAWS software
without notice. algorithms. HTAWS alerts employ either a CAUTION
or a WARNING alert severity level. When an alert is
Database Coverage Area
issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Aural alerts
Limited to the United States plus are simultaneously issued. Annunciations appear in a
United States (US) some areas of Canada, Mexico, dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display.
Caribbean, and the Pacific. HTAWS Annunciation Field
Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,
Caribbean*, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,
US/Europe Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, United States
* Indicates partial coverage HTAWS Annunciation Field
Annunciations are color-coded according to the
NOTE: It is very important to note that not all obstacles HTAWS Alert Summary table. Pop-up terrain alerts will
are necessarily charted and therefore may not be con-
tained in the Obstacle Database. occur if an HTAWS alert is activated while not on the
HTAWS page. There are two options when an alert is
displayed:
To acknowledge the pop-up alert and return to the
currently viewed page:
Press the CLR button.
To acknowledge the pop-up alert and quickly
access the HTAWS Page:
Press the ENT button.
NOTE: To further capture the attention of the pilot,
HTAWS issues aural (voice) messages that accom-
pany visual annunciations and pop-up alerts. Some
aural messages are configurable during installation of
the system. For a summary of aural messages, see the
HTAWS Alert Summary table.
54 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Alerts
NOTE: HTAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant

black text on a yellow background; HTAWS Warning
Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red back-
ground.
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The unit will issue terrain alerts not only when the FLTA WARNING— Warning pop-up alerts are issued 15 seconds
prior to an estimated potential impact in normal mode and
aircraft altitude is below the terrain elevation but approximately 10 seconds in RP Mode. FLTA warning alerts are
also when the aircraft is projected to come within accompanied by the aural message “Warning - Terrain, Terrain” .
minimum clearance values of the terrain. This Similarly, a “Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle” alert is also provided.
alerting, called Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance The time to an alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is
(FLTA), is also provided for obstacles. no guarantee of a 15/10 second warning alert being issued.
The FLTA functionality looks ahead of the aircraft The alerts are annunciated visually through the
using GPS position information and the terrain annunciator status bar, a pop-up alert box, and the red
and obstacle databases to provide alerts when the and yellow X’s on the NAV - HTAWS page map. The
predicted flight path does not clear the terrain or alerts are annunciated aurally through a voice message
obstacle by the required clearance. The amount indicating the potential threat, such as “Caution - Ter-
of clearance required varies depending on position rain, Terrain” or “Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle”.
relative to airports and heliports, in order to reduce
the occurrence of nuisance alerting.
Any potential impact points are depicted on the
display. There are 2 levels of severity for FLTA alerts.
They are cautionary (amber) and warning (red) in
nature and are described in further detail below.
Voice Call Out Aural Alert

The purpose of the Voice Call Out aural alert mes-
FLTA CAUTION—Estimated potential impact in approximately sages are to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that
30 seconds after a caution pop-up alert and annunciation. FLTA the aircraft is between 500 feet and 100 feet above ter-
caution alerts are accompanied by the aural message “Caution rain in 100 foot increments. When the aircraft descends
Terrain; Caution Terrain” OR “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”. within the selected distance from the terrain, the aural
Similarly, a “Caution Obstacle; Caution Obstacle” or “Obstacle
Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” alert is also provided. The time to an message for the selected distance is generated. There are
alert can vary with conditions, therefore there is no guarantee no display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accom-
of a 30 second caution alert being issued. pany the aural message.
190-00356-30 Rev H 55

HTAWS Alerts
HTAWS Not Available Alert

Garmin HTAWS requires a 3-D GPS navigation so-
lution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums.
Should the navigation solution become degraded, or
if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area, the
annunciation “TAWS N/A” is generated in the annun-
ciation window. When the GPS signal is re-established
and the aircraft is within the database coverage area,
the “TAWS N/A” annunciation is removed.
No GPS Position
HTAWS Failure Alert

HTAWS continually monitors several system-critical
items, such as database validity, hardware status, and
GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not
available, the aural message “HTAWS System Failure” is
issued along with the “TAWS FAIL” annunciation.
“TAWS NOT AVAILABLE” Display
HTAWS FAILED Display
HTAWS Alert Summary

Position Outside Terrain Database Coverage The aural alert voice gender is configurable to be
either male or female. See your Garmin installer for
further information on configuring the alert system.
56 190-00356-30 Rev H

HTAWS Alerts
Pilot Actions
If a HTAWS warning and associated aural are received, the pilot should immediately maneuver the rotorcraft
in response to the alert unless the terrain or obstacle is clearly identified visually and determined by the pilot not
to be a factor to the safety of the operation.
A HTAWS caution alert indicates terrain or obstacle nearby. If possible visually locate the terrain or obstacle for
avoidance. A HTAWS warning alert may follow a HTAWS caution unless the aircraft’s path towards the terrain or
obstacle is changed.
NOTE: Display of terrain and obstacles on the display is supplemental data only. Maneuvering solely by reference to the terrain
and obstacle data is not recommended or authorized.
HTAWS Alerts Summary
HTAWS
Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Description
Annunciation
None “HTAWS System Failure” HTAWS has failed
None None HTAWS has been inhibited by the crew,
or the aircraft groundspeed has fallen
below 30 knots (automatic inhibiting).
None “HTAWS Not Available” HTAWS not available.
“Caution - Terrain, Terrain” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
Caution for Terrain
“Warning - Terrain, Terrain” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
Warning for Terrain
“Caution - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
Caution for Obstacle
“Warning - Obstacle, Obstacle” Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance
Warning for Obstacle
None None “Five Hundred” HTAWS provides optional 500 ft through
“Four Hundred” 100 ft (in 100 ft increments) altitude call
“Three Hundred” out alerts.
“Two Hundred”
“One Hundred”
NOTE: HTAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background; HTAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant white text
on a red background.
190-00356-30 Rev H 57

HTAWS Alerts
Voice Call Out Selection

The Voice Call Out (VCO) selection is available
where HTAWS is installed. The VCO functionality pro-
vides a voice annunciation of the aircraft’s height above
terrain or the nearest airport, heliport, runway, or
helipad when that threshold is first crossed. The avail-
able call outs include “Five Hundred” through “One
Hundred” in one hundred foot intervals. The voice call
outs can be enabled and disabled through the Voice
Call Out Selection option on the AUX - SETUP 2 page.
To select the Voice Call Out choices, in the Setup 2 3. Turn the small right knob to highlight the
page select the Voice Call Out Selection item and then desired VCO value.
select the desired options.
1. Select “Voice Callout Selection” from the Setup
2 Page and press ENT.
4. Press ENT. The values above the selected value

will be disabled.
2. The flashing cursor highlights the VCO selec-

tion.
58 190-00356-30 Rev H

Airport/Heliport Terrain “Cutouts”
Airport/Heliport Terrain “Cutouts”

For software version 4.00 and later: when con-
figured for helicopters (the helicopter icon will be
displayed), black, circular or oblong “cutouts” will be
displayed on the Terrain Page around airports and heli-
ports, to enhance viewing of the information displayed
for those locations. The Terrain legend (shown in the
lower right of the display on the Terrain Page) defines
the color black as -500 ft. However, this does not apply
to the black cutouts surrounding the airports and
heliports.
Airport and Heliport Cutouts
NOTE: The cutouts are for display purposes only and do

not affect the performance of HTAWS.
190-00356-30 Rev H 59

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60 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Five
Terrain Proximity
Part Five: Terrain Proximity requires the following to operate

Terrain Proximity Interface properly:
• The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position
NOTE: Either the TERRAIN, TAWS (500W-series only), solution.
HTAWS, or Terrain Proximity functionality will be available
via the Terrain page, depending on the installed hardware • The system must have a valid terrain database.
and configuration. .
Displaying Terrain Proximity
Introduction The Terrain Proximity page is in the Map page group.
Garmin Terrain Proximity is an optional non-TSO- 1. Turn the large right knob to the Map func-
certified terrain awareness feature of the 400W/500W tion.
series available in helicopter configurations to increase 2. Then, the small right knob to the Terrain
situational awareness and help reduce controlled flight Proximity page.
into terrain (CFIT). Terrain Proximity is available in
the Nav page group Terrain pages. Terrain Proximity
depicts nearby terrain and obstacles relative to the air-
craft altitude, however it does not provide any alerts.
Terrain Proximity uses information provided from
the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and
altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measure-
ments. GPS altitude is converted to a Mean Sea Level
(MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used
to provide terrain coloring that depicts terrain eleva-
tion relative to the aircraft. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy Terrain Proximity Page
is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is
not subject to variations in pressure and temperature
that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-MSL
altitude does not require local altimeter settings to
determine MSL altitude.
Terrain Proximity utilizes terrain and obstacle
databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL).
Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, Terrain
Proximity displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding
terrain and obstacles relative to the position and alti-
tude of the aircraft. In this manner, Terrain Proximity
increases awareness of the aircraft proximity to terrain
and obstacles.
190-00356-30 Rev H 61

Part Five
Terrain Proximity
Terrain Proximity 120° Arc or 360° Rings Terrain Proximity Aviation Data
Select the 120º Arc or 360º rings overlay for the Select the display of Aviation data on the Terrain
Terrain Proximity page with the Page Menu. Proximity page. The Page Menu selections allow you
1. Press the MENU key to display the Page Menu. to hide or show aviation data overlay on the Terrain
The “View 120°” or “View 360°” option will Proximity page.
be highlighted. 1. Press the MENU key to display the Page Menu
and turn the small right knob to highlight the
Aviation Data selection.
Select 120° View

2. Press the ENT key to accept the displayed selec-
tion. Repeat these steps to toggle between the Select “Show Aviation Data”
two selections. 2. Press the ENT key to accept the displayed selec-
tion. Repeat these steps to toggle between the
two selections.
120° View Selected
62 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Five
Terrain Proximity
Terrain Proximity Legend

Select the display of the Terrain color legend on the
Terrain Proximity page from the Page Menu.
1. Press the MENU key to display the Page Menu
and turn the small right knob to highlight the
Legend selection.
Terrain Legend Shown in Lower Right Corner
Select “Show Legend”
2. Press the ENT key to accept the displayed selec-

tion. Repeat these steps to toggle between the
two selections.
Terrain is more than 250 ft

Red above the aircraft altitude
Aircraft Altitude +250 ft
Orange Terrain is between 250 ft and 0 ft

above the aircraft altitude
Aircraft Altitude

Yellow below the aircraft altitude

Green

Black Terrain more than 500 ft
Terrain Proximity Terrain Colors
190-00356-30 Rev H 63

Part Five
Terrain Proximity

< 1000 ft > 1000 ft < 1000 ft > 1000 ft Color Obstacle Location
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Obstacle Symbol
Red Obstacle is at or above current aircraft altitude
Obstacle is between 250 ft and 0 ft below current aircraft

Yellow
altitude
White Obstacle is 250 ft, or more, below current aircraft altitude
Terrain Proximity Obstacle Coloring and Symbology
Terrain Proximity Limitations

Terrain Proximity displays terrain and obstruc- NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and
obstacle databases comes from government
tions relative to the altitude of the aircraft. Individual agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-
obstructions may be shown if available in the database. validates the data but cannot guarantee the ac-
However, all obstructions may not be available in the curacy and completeness of the data.
database and data may be inaccurate. Never use this
information for navigation or to maneuver to avoid System Status
obstacles. The Terrain Proximity system continually monitors
Terrain Proximity information is based on terrain several system-critical items, such as Terrain Proxim-
elevation information in a database that may contain ity database validity, hardware status, and GPS status.
inaccuracies. Terrain Proximity information should be The Terrain Proximity page will post the message “NO
used as an aid to situational awareness. Never use it for DATA” when the terrain database is not available.
navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain. A blue cross-hatching pattern is shown when out of
Terrain Proximity uses terrain and obstacle informa- the area of coverage, but no system message is posted.
tion supplied by government sources. The displayed
information should never be understood as being all-
inclusive.
64 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Six
GTS 800 Interface
Part Six: GTS 8XX Series Description
Garmin GTS 8XX Series Please refer to the GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s Guide for
Interface a complete description of the GTS 8XX Series Traffic
system.
Introduction
The Garmin GTS 8XX Series unit is a Traffic Advisory
System (TAS - GTS 800 and GTS 820) or Traffic Alert and
Collision Avoidance System (TCAS I - GTS 850). The GTS
8XX Series enhances flight crew situational awareness by
displaying traffic information for transponder-equipped
aircraft. The GTS 8XX Series also provides visual and aural
traffic alerts including voice announcements to assist in
visually acquiring traffic. The GTS 800 and GTS 820 are
TAS systems, the GTS 850 is a TSO-approved TCAS I Traffic Page showing GTS 8XX series traffic
near the 40 NM mile range, at
system. The GTS 8XX uses active interrogations of Mode 10 o’clock above.
A/C/S transponders to provide Traffic Advisories.
Power-up Self-Test
Check for the following test criteria on the Traffic
Page during power-up:
1. If the GTS 8XX series unit passes the power-up
test and your aircraft has both a squat switch
and is on the ground, the Standby Screen is
displayed (see sidebar).
The Standby Screen appears when the 2. If the GTS 8XX series unit passes the power-up
GTS 8XX series passes the power-up test. test and your aircraft has both a squat switch
and is airborne, the Traffic Page is displayed
NOTE: when the system is in standby, the on the 6-NM display range and in the normal
GTS 8XX series does not transmit, interro-
altitude display mode.
gate, or track intruders aircraft.
3. If the GTS 8XX series unit passes the power-up
test and your aircraft does not have a squat
switch, the Standby Screen is displayed.
4. If the display indicates that the GTS 8XX series
unit has failed, please refer to the failure
response section in the GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s
Guide on actions to take.
190-00356-30 Rev H 65

Part Six
GTS 800 Interface
To begin tracking intruder aircraft: Voice Announcements

1. Press the cursor knob and highlight STBY. See the GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s Guide for informa-
2. Turn the small right knob to select OPER. tion on voice announcements.
3. Press ENT to confirm operating mode and begin Switching Between Standby and Operating Modes
tracking intruder aircraft.
The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to
be displayed. The ability to switch out of standby into
operating mode on the ground is especially useful for
scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff.
To switch into Operating Mode from Standby
Mode:
1. Press the cursor knob and highlight
Operating Mode is confirmed by the display “STBY”. Turn the small right knob to select
of “OPER” in the upper right-hand corner of “OPER?”.
the Traffic Page.
2. Press ENT to confirm and place the GTS 8XX
NOTE: The FAILED message occurs when the system series unit in operating mode.
detects an error and prohibits further traffic display oper-
NOTE: The GTS 8XX series unit switches out of standby
ation as long as this message stays on the screen.
into the 6-NM display range. If your aircraft has a squat
switch and you do not manually switch out of standby,
User-initiated Test the GTS 8XX series unit will automatically switch out of
standby 8 to 10 seconds after takeoff.
NOTE: A user-initiated test can only be performed when
in standby or failed mode. To switch into Standby Mode from the Traffic Page:
In addition to the power-up test, the GTS 800 series 1. Press the cursor knob and highlight
unit performs a continuous self-test. This continuous “OPER”.
self-test is performed several times per minute. A user- 2. Turn the small right knob to select
initiated test of the GTS 8XX series unit interface can “STBY?”.
also be performed. 3. Press ENT to confirm and place the GTS 8XX
To perform a user-initiated test: series unit in standby mode.
1. Turn the small right knob to select the Traffic NOTE: If your aircraft has a squat switch, STBY is not
Page. displayed while you are airborne but will go into standby
24 seconds after landing. This delay allows the GTS 8XX
2. From the Traffic Page, press MENU to display series unit to remain in the operating mode during a
the Page Menu. touch-and-go maneuver.
3. Turn the small right knob to select “Self Test?”

and press ENT.
66 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part six
GTS 800 Interface
Altitude Display Mode information regarding altitude display ranges.

The GTS 8XX has four altitude display modes: 3. Note that confirmation is not required. The
Normal (±2,700 feet, Above (-2,700 feet to +9,000 mode is changed immediately when using the
feet), Below (-9,000 feet to +2,700 feet), and Unre- small right knob. Turn the cursor off when
stricted (±9,900 feet). The GTS 8XX continues to track selection is made.
up to 30 intruder aircraft within its maximum surveil- Traffic Page
lance range, regardless of the altitude display mode Traffic can be displayed both on the Map Page (only
selected. if heading is available) and on the Traffic Page.
The selected altitude display mode is displayed in Traffic
the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic page. Altitude Display Mode Operating Mode
Display Range
Traffic Advisory
The name of the selected altitude display mode (ABV: look up, (with no bearing information)
NRM: normal, BLW: look down, or UNR: unrestricted) is displayed
Traffic Page
in the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic Screen. The GTS 8XX
series continues to track up to 30 intruder aircraft within its +9,900 ft
maximum surveillance range, regardless of the altitude display +9,000 ft
mode selected.
+2,700 ft +2,700 ft
To change the Altitude Display Mode:

Unrestricted (UNR)
1. From the Traffic Page, turn the cursor on,

Normal (NRM)
Above (ABV)
Below (BLW)
0 ft 0 ft
highlight the current mode and turn the small
right knob to cycle through the options. Drawing Not to Scale
-2,700 ft
2. With each turn of the knob, the screen changes
to display the traffic detected within the selected -9,000 ft
altitude display range. The 400W/500W Series -9,900 ft
Altitude Display Modes

screen also displays unrestricted traffic (UNR)
having a range of maximum specified by the
GTS 8XX series unit Pilot’s Guide. Please refer
to the GTS 8XX series unit Pilot’s Guide for
190-00356-30 Rev H 67

Part Six
GTS 800 Interface
TAS Symbol Traffic Type Description

The hollow white (may be configured as cyan) diamond represents traffic detected within
Other Traffic
the selected display range that does not meet the criteria for a TA or a PA and does not
Symbol
pose an immediate collision threat.
Proximity Advisories (PA) are displayed as solid white (may be configured as cyan)
Proximity
diamonds. PA’s are defined as traffic within 6 NM, within 1200 feet of vertical separation,
Advisory (PA)
and are not a Traffic Advisory (TA)
A Traffic Advisory (TA) is generated when the GTS 8XX predicts that an intruder aircraft
Traffic may pose a collision threat. A solid yellow circle represents an intruder aircraft that meets
Advisory (TA) the TA criteria as described in the TA Alerting Conditions section. A TA consists of the traffic
symbol and an aural alert (e.g., “traffic, 12 o’clock, high, 3 miles”).
Out-of- This solid yellow half circle appears (on the outer range ring) under the same conditions
Range Traffic and has the same urgency as a TA. Its appearance differs from the TA only to signify that
Advisory the intruder is outside of the current range of the Traffic page.
TAS/TCAS Symbology
Traffic Warning Window NOTE: GTS 8XX series unit data is only displayed on the
When the unit is not on the traffic page and a traffic Map Page if suitable aircraft heading data is available.
See the Garmin 400W or 500W Series Installation Manu-
threat is imminent, the Traffic Warning Window is dis-
als available at your authorized Garmin service center for
played. The Warning Window shows a small map and details.
can display the Traffic Page (if the user presses ENT) or
return to the previous page (if the user presses CLR). Traffic Page Display Range
You can change the display range on the Traffic
Page at any time.
1. Press the RNG Key to cycle through the fol-
lowing range options:
• GTS 800 - 2 NM, 2 and 6 NM, and 6 and 12 NM.
• GTS 820 and 850 - 2 NM, 6 NM, 12 NM, 24 NM,
Traffic Warning Window and 40 NM.
NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when
the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 knots or when
an approach is active, unless the unit is configured for
helicopter operation as noted by the helicopter ownship
icon.
68 190-00356-30 Rev H

Part Six
GTS 800 Interface
Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page NOTE: Proximity Advisories (PA) are displayed as solid
Traffic is only displayed on the Map Page if aircraft white diamonds (may be configured as cyan). The GTS
800 shows these PAs as “other” (hollow diamonds).
heading data is available. When heading is not avail- PAs are defined as traffic within the 6.0-NM range, with
able, Traffic Advisories are displayed as non-bearing ± 1200 feet of altitude separation, and not a traffic advi-
banners on the Map Page. sory (TA).
The traffic label is the altitude separation above or

below the symbol and the vertical speed sense arrow to
the right of the symbol. From the Map Page, you can
display traffic in a thumbnail format in any of the top
three data fields (top four fields on the 500W Series)
on the right side of the Map Page.
Selections for configuring traffic data are
made from the Map Setup Menu on the Map
Page.
To configure traffic on the Map Page:

1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map
Page. When a Traffic Advisory is active, the “Traffic” banner is dis-
2. Press MENU to display the Page Menu. Turn played in the lower right corner of the Map Page.
the small right knob to select “Setup Map?” To display Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page
and press ENT. 1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map
3. The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field. Page.
Turn the small right knob to select Traffic and 2. Press MENU to display the Page Menu.
press ENT.
3. Turn the small right knob to select “Change
4. Turn the large right knob to select the desired Fields?” and press ENT.
Traffic Mode option. Turn the small right knob
4. Select one of the top three fields (top four
to select the desired option and press ENT.
fields on the 500W Series). Select TRFC from
Repeat the step for Traffic Symbol and Traffic
the Select Field Type List and press ENT. Note
Label.
that the thumbnail range defaults to 6 NM and
5. Return to the Map Page by pressing CLR. cannot be changed.
Traffic mode allows the operator to choose which traf-
fic is displayed (all traffic, traffic and proximity advisories,
or traffic advisories only). The traffic symbol is the symbol
used to depict the type of traffic:
190-00356-30 Rev H 69

Part Six
GTS 800 Interface
Highlighting Traffic Data Using Map Panning When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the
Another map page function is panning, which traffic range and altitude separation are displayed. The
allows you to move the map beyond its current limits traffic is identified as:
without adjusting the map scale. When you select TA: Traffic Advisory, PA: Proximity Advisory,
the panning function—by pressing the small right TRFC: Other Traffic
knob—a target pointer flashes on the map display. A
window also appears at the top of the map display Monitoring Traffic
showing the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, See the information in the GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s
plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from your Guide regarding monitoring traffic on the display and
present position. the corresponding actions to take.
Failure Response
Errors indicated by a “FAILED” message on the
screen prevent continued use of the GTS 8XX Series
unit. Please see the GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s Guide for
detailed information on Failure Response.
Description of Traffic Advisory Criteria
For a description of Traffic Advisory criteria and
When the target pointer is placed on traffic, display interpretation, please see the GTS 8XX Series
the traffic range and altitude separation are Pilot’s Guide.
displayed.
To select the panning function and pan the map

display:
1. Press the small right knob to activate the
panning target pointer.
2. Turn the small right knob clockwise to move
up, or turn it counterclockwise to move down.
3. Turn the large right knob clockwise to move
right, or turn it counterclockwise to move left. The GTS 8XX Series Pilot’s Guide contains
4. To cancel the panning function and return to detailed information on traffic advisory and
display interpretation.
your present position, press the small right
knob.
70 190-00356-30 Rev H

© 2010 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries
Garmin International, Inc.

1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.
Garmin AT, Inc.

2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon 97302, U.S.A.
Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park,
Southhampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
Garmin Corporation
No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
www.garmin.com
Part Number: 190-00356-30 Revision H

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400W / 500W Series

Garmin Optional Displays

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This Pilot’s Guide Addendum is written for:

Tel. 886/2.2642.9199 Fax 886/2.2642.9099

July 2010 190-00356-30 Revision H

The screen display examples shown in this

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Table of Contents Section 3: XM AUX Pages..............................................23

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190-00356-30 Rev H iii

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Part One: • Your aircraft must be equipped with a Mode S

nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to

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and avoid.” Some of the more common examples of TIS Symbology

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• “Traffic” —TIS traffic alert is received.

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Traffic Ground Track Traffic Page

Traffic Warning Window

NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when

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The Map Page displaying traffic.

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Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning

Displaying traffic range and altitude separa-

To activate the panning feature and pan the map

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Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures is displayed. The “FAILED” message indicates

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Part Two: be available with the unit.

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XM WPT Pages Section 2: XM Weather

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• Winds Aloft (WINDS). The Winds Aloft Weather Product Age

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NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage

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NEXRAD Intensity 4. Turn the large or small knob to scroll through

3. Press ENT to display the NEXRAD Intensity

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XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source NEXRAD Limitations

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To display METARs on the XM Weather page: To display the METAR Legend:

XM Weather METAR Symbols

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Textual METAR Page

3. To select another airport, press the small right

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Textual METAR/TAF Code TFR Information

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• Active Time. This field is for the beginning and

Approach 150 ft. 100 ft. (EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET

Departure 100 ft. 100 ft.

Minimum TERRAIN Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts

NOTE: During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA

(EIGHT !BOVE 4ERRAIN &EET

!LTITUDE ,OSS &EET

3INK 2ATE &EET 0ER -INUTE