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    Leach 6

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    rfid
    The document discusses radio energy models and transmit power control in wireless sensor networks. It explains that an accurate radio propagation model is important for estimating the performance of WSN algorithms and protocols. The LEACH protocol models energy consumption as increasing exponentially with distance, but there are no maximum limits. The energy needed to transmit a message can be calculated based on the free space loss model or power loss model depending on the distance. Transmit power is adjusted based on the distance and receiver sensitivity level to ensure successful reception of data packets.

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    Leach 6

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    rfid
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    The document discusses radio energy models and transmit power control in wireless sensor networks. It explains that an accurate radio propagation model is important for estimating the performance of WSN algorithms and protocols. The LEACH protocol models energy consumption as increasing exponentially with distance, but there are no maximum limits. The energy needed to transmit a message can be calculated based on the free space loss model or power loss model depending on the distance. Transmit power is adjusted based on the distance and receiver sensitivity level to ensure successful reception of data packets.

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    The document discusses radio energy models and transmit power control in wireless sensor networks. It explains that an accurate radio propagation model is important for estimating the performance of WSN algorithms and protocols. The LEACH protocol models energy consumption as increasing exponentially with distance, but there are no maximum limits. The energy needed to transmit a message can be calculated based on the free space loss model or power loss model depending on the distance. Transmit power is adjusted based on the distance and receiver sensitivity level to ensure successful reception of data packets.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views2 pages

    Leach 6

    Uploaded by

    rfid
    The document discusses radio energy models and transmit power control in wireless sensor networks. It explains that an accurate radio propagation model is important for estimating the performance of WSN algorithms and protocols. The LEACH protocol models energy consumption as increasing exponentially with distance, but there are no maximum limits. The energy needed to transmit a message can be calculated based on the free space loss model or power loss model depending on the distance. Transmit power is adjusted based on the distance and receiver sensitivity level to ensure successful reception of data packets.

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    of 2

    11

    environmental sensors are deployed maybe homogeneously in a mono-crop plantation or


    heterogeneously in mixed crops farm area with multiple types of vegetation as shown in Figure
    5. A realistic radio propagation model, especially model that can represent the target
    environment is important to accurately estimate the performance of algorithms and protocols.
    Inaccurate radio propagation models used in simulation to estimate the performance of WSNs
    protocols will result in inaccurate performance metrics such as network connectivity, energy
    consumptions and network lifetime.

    (a) Homogeneous environments such as in managed (b) Heterogeneous environment with mixed crops
    plantation

    Figure 5 Examples of WSNs node placement in agriculture monitoring

    4.2. Radio Energy Model and Transmit Power Control

    The aim of the transceiver modeling and simulation is to allow accurate evaluation of
    different parameters that influence energy consumption in WSNs nodes. An accurate radio
    energy model would enable precise performance measurements and more energy efficient
    protocols to be designed and evaluated. In power computation performed to determine the power
    consumed from the energy source, LEACH protocols models the energy loss based on the
    distance. The algorithm assumes that, as the distance increases, energy consumption increases
    exponentially and there are no maximum limits as shown in Figure 6.
    12

    Figure 6 Energy Consumption during transmission based on LEACH Energy Model

    Thus, to transmit an G-bit message at distance d, the energy that the radio expends can be
    calculated using equation (3).

    GH,J,) K GLM* ( : ( N ()**+, &


    H67 I
    GH,J,) K GLO ( - ( P ()**+,
    (3)

    where the parameters LM* is based on FSL equations meanwhile, LO is calculated based on PE
    model.To transmit over a short distance (below cross-over distance), the energy consumption is
    proportional to the square distance between the transceivers, ( : , and based on FSL model. On
    the other hand, the energy consumed in a data transmission across longer distances (such as from
    a cluster head to the base station) is proportional to ( - and calculated based on PE model. Based
    on Equation 2, the crossover distance for the experiments described in this research (assuming no
    system loss (L=1), transmitting and receiving antenna height of 0.5m and 2.4 GHz radio
    frequency) is 21.5m. The power level needed to transmit for a successful reception of data
    packets is adjusted based on the distance as given by equation (4).

    Q '*,R*S=S+S=T ( : ( N ()**+, &


    '67 I
    Q: '*,R*S=S+S=T ( - ( P ()**+,
    (4)

    -. U 
    Where Q , Q: and '*,R*S=S+S=T is the receiver sensitivity level.
    V23 V43 5U V23 V43 123 143

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