ICS 77.140.

75
H 48

NATIONAL STANDARD OF

THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 8163-2008
Replace GB/T 8163-1999

Seamless Steel Tubes for Liquid Service

输送流体用无缝钢管

Issued on August 19, 2008 Implemented on April 1, 2009

Jointly Issued by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and

Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
and Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
 Foreword
This standard is nonequivalent to EN 10216-1:2004 Seamless Steel Tubes for
Pressure Purposes – Technical Delivery Conditions Part 1: Non-alloy Steel Tubes with
Specified Room Temperature Properties.
This standard replaces GB/T 8163-1999 Seamless Steel Tubes for Liquid Service.
Compared with GB/T 8163-1999 Seamless Steel Tubes for Liquid Service, this
standard made the following revisions:
- Order content is supplemented;
- Dimension tolerance is amended;
- Requirements for full-length bending are supplemented;
- Requirements for end square cut are supplemented;
- Marking illustration is canceled;
- Steel grades are supplemented;
- Yield strength of Q345 is amended;
- Requirements are supplemented for shock test of steels that are delivered
according to grades and whose quality grade is B or higher;
- Regulations on batch requirements are amended.
This standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee of
Standardization for Steel.
Chief Drafting Organizations: Angang Steel Company Limited, Pangang Group
Chengdu Iron&Steel Co., Ltd. and Hengyang Valin Steel Tube Co., Ltd.
Chief Drafters: Zhang Huixuan, Zhang Peng, Pu Zhimin, Li Zhi, Zhao Bin, Yan
Ru
This standard replaces the following previous editions:
- GB/T 8163-1987, GB/T 8163-1999.
 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

GB/T 8163-2008
Replace 8163-1999

Seamless Steel Tubes for Liquid Service

输送流体用无缝钢管

1. Scope
This standard specifies order content, dimensions, shape, weight, technical
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality
certificate of seamless steel tubes for liquid service.
This standard is applicable to general seamless steel tubes for liquid service.

2. Normative Reference
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text,
composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments
(excepting corrigenda content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not
apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 222 Permissible Tolerances for Chemical Composition of Steel Products
GB/T 223.3 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy; The
Diantipyrylmethane Phosphomolybdate Gravimetric Method for the Determination of
Phosphorus Content
GB/T 223.5 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy; The
Reduced Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of
Acid-soluble Silicon Content
GB/T 223.9 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy－The chrome
azurol S photometric method for the determination of aluminium content
GB/T 223.11 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The
ammonium persulfate oxidation volumetric method for the determination of
chromium content
GB/T 223.12 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium
carbonate separation-diphenyl carbazide photometric method for the determination of
chromium content
GB/T 223.13 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy－The
ammonium ferrous sulfate titration method for the determination of vanadium content
GB/T 223.14 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy－The
N-benzoy-N-phenylhydroxylamine extraction photometric method for the
determination of vanadium content
GB/T 223.16 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The
chromotropic acid photometric method for the determination of titanium content
 GB/T 223.18 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium
thiosulfate separation iodimetric method for the determination of copper content
GB/T 223.19 Methods for chemical analysis of iron steel and alloy; The
neocuproine-chloroform extraction photometric method for the determination of
copper content
GB/T 223.23 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel content
GB/T 223.27 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
thiocyanate-butyl acetate extraction spectrophotometric method for the determination
of molybdenum content
GB/T 223.37 Methods for chemical analysis of iron steel and alloy; The
indophenal blue photometric methods for the determination of nitrogen content after
distillation separation
GB/T 223.40 Iron steel and alloy -- Determination of niobium content by the
sulphochlorophenol S spectrophotometric method
GB/T 223.49 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy Extraction
separation-chlorophosphonazo mA spectrophotometric method for the determination
of the total rare earth content
GB/T 223.53 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The flame
atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of copper content
GB/T 223.54 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The flame
atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel content
GB/T 223.58 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The sodium
arsenite-sodium nitrite titrimetric method for the determination of manganese content
GB/T 223.60 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
perchloric acid dehydration gravimetric method for the determination of silicon
content
GB/T 223.61 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
ammonium phosphomolybdate volumetric method for the determination of
phosphorus content
GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The butyl
acetate extraction photometric method for the determination of phosphorus content
GB/T 223.63 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
sodium(potassium) periodate photometric method for the determination of manganese
content
GB/T 223.67 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The reducing
distillation-methylene blue photometric method for the determination of sulfur
content
GB/T 223.68 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
potassium iodate titration method after combustion in the pipe furnace for the
determination of sulfur content
GB/T 223.69 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The gas-
volumetric method after combustion in the pipe furnace for the determination of
carbon content
 GB/T 223.71 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy; The
gravimetric method after combustion in the pipe furnace for the determination of
carbon content
GB/T 223.72 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The alumina
chromatographic separation-barium sulfate gravimetric method for the determination
of sulphur content
GB/T 228 Metallic materials--Tensile testing at ambient temperature (GB/T
228-2002, eqv ISO 6892:1998)
GB/T 229 Metallic materials -- Charpy pendulum impact test method (GB/T
229-2007, ISO 148-1:2006, MOD)
GB 241 Metal materials – Tube -- Hydrostatic pressure test
GB/T 242 Metal materials – Tube -- Drift-expending test (GB/T 242-2007, ISO
8493: 1998, IDT)
GB/T 244 Metallic materials--Tube--Bend test (GB/T 244-2008, ISOL 8491: 186,
IDT)
GB/T 246 Metal materials – Tube -- Flattening test (GB/T 246-2007, ISO
8492:1998, IDT)
GB/T 699 Quality carbon structural steels
GB/T 1591 High strength low alloy structural steels
GB/T 2102 Acceptance packing marking and quality certification of steel pipe
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products--Location and preparation of test pieces for
mechanical testing (GB/T 2975-1998, eqv ISO 377:1997)
GB/T 4336 STANDARD test method for spark discharge atomic emission
spectrometric analysis of carbon and low-Alloy steel (routine method)
GB/T 5777 Seamless steel pipe and tubing-Methods for ultrasonic testing (GB/T
5777-2008, ISO 9303:1989, MOD)
GB/T 7735 Steel tubes—The inspection method on eddy current test (GB/T
7735-2004, ISO 9340:1989, MOD)
GB/T 12606 Steel tubes--The testing method of magnetic flux leakage (GB/T
12606-1999, eqv ISO 9402: 1989, ISO 9598:1989)
GB/T 17395 Dimensions, shapes, masses and tolerances of seamless steel tubes
(GB/T 17395-2008, ISO 1127:1992, ISO 4200:1991, ISO 5252:1991, NEQ)
GB/T 20066 Steel and iron: Sampling and preparation of samples for the
determination of chemical composition (GB/T 20066-2006, ISO 14284:1996, IDT)
GB/T 20123 Steel and iron—Determination of total carbon and sulfur content
Infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace (routine method)
(GB/T 20123-2006, ISO 15350:2000, IDT)
GB/T 20124 Steel and iron—Determination of nitrogen content -- Thermal
conductimetric method after fusion in a current of inert gas (GB/T 20124-2006, ISO
15351:1999, IDT)

3. Order Content
Steel tube contracts or orders entered into according to this standard shall contain
the following content:
 Standard serial number;
Product name;
Grade of steel and quality grade (if available);
Dimension;
Order quantity (total weight or total length);
Delivery state;
Particular requirement;

4. Dimensions, Shapes and Weight

4.1 Outer diameter and wall thickness
Outer diameter (D) and wall thickness (S) of steel tube shall comply with the
provisions of GB/T 17395.
Steel tubes with other outer diameters and wall thicknesses can be delivered
according to the buyer's requirements after negotiations by and between both parties.
4.2 Tolerance of outer diameter and wall thickness
4.2.1 Tolerance for outer diameter of steel tube shall be in accordance with those
specified in Table 1.

Table 1 Tolerance for Outer Diameter of Steel Tube

Unit in millimeter
Type of Steel Tube Permissible Deviation
Hot-rolled (extruded, expanded) steel tube ±1%D or ±0.50, which is larger
Cold-drawn (rolled) steel tube ±1%D or ±0.30, which is larger

4.2.2 Tolerance for wall thickness of hot-rolled (extruded, expanded) steel tube
shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.

Table 2 Tolerance for Wall Thickness of Hot-rolled (Extruded, Expanded) Steel

Tube
Unit in millimeter
Nominal outer
Type of Steel Tube S/D Permissible Deviation
diameter of steel tube
±12.5%S or ±0.40,
≤ 102 -
which is larger
±15%S or ±0.40,
≤ 0.05
Hot-rolled (extruded) which is larger
steel tube ±12.5%S or ±0.40,
>102 >0.05-0.10
which is larger
+12.5%S
>0.10 -10%S

Hot-expanded steel
- ±15%S
tube

4.2.3 Tolerance for wall thickness of cold-drawn (rolled) steel tube shall be in
accordance with those specified in Table 3.

Table 3 Tolerance for Wall Thickness of Cold-drawn (Rolled) Steel Tube

Unit in millimeter
Nominal Wall Thickness of Steel
Type of Steel Tube Permissible Deviation
Tube
+15%S
-10%S or ± 0.15, which is
≤3
Cold-drawn
larger
(rolled)
+12.5%S
>3 -10%S

4.2.4 Steel tubes whose dimension tolerances are not specified in Tables 1, 2 and
3 can be delivered according to the buyer's requirement after negotiations by and
between both parties and statement in the contract.
4.3 Length
4.3.1 General length
General length of steel tube is 3000mm-12500mm.
4.3.2 Scope length
Steel tubes can be delivered according to scope length according to the buyer's
requirements after negotiation by and between both parties and statement in the
contract. Scope length shall be within the scope of general length.
4.3.3 Cut length and double length
4.3.3.1 Steel tubes can be delivered in cut length or double length according to
the buyer's requirements after negotiation by and between both parties and statement
in the contract.
4.3.3.2 Cut length of steel tube shall be within the scope of general length and
full-length tolerance shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
+10
A) Cut length is not larger than 6000mm, 0 mm ;

+15
B) Cut length is larger than 6000mm, 0 mm .

4.3.3.3 Double length of steel tube shall be within the scope of general length,
+20
and full-length tolerance shall be 0 mm . For each double length, cutting surplus

shall be reserved according to the following requirements:

A) Outer diameter is not larger than 159mm: 5mm-10mm;
B) Outer diameter is larger than 159mm: 10mm-15mm.
4.4 Bending
4.4.1 Bending of steel tube per meter shall be in accordance with those specified
in Table 4.
 Table 4 Bending of Steel Tube
Nominal Wall Thickness of Steel Bending per meter/(mm/m)
Tube/mm
≤15 ≤1.5
>15-30 ≤2.0
>30 or outer diameter ≥351 ≤3.0

4.4.2 Full-length bending of steel tube shall not larger than 1.5‰ of full length
of steel tube.
4.5 Noncircularity and Wall Uneveness
Noncircularity and wall unevenness of steel tube shall not larger than 80% of
tolerances of outer diameter and wall thickness separately according to the buyer's
requirements after negotiation by and between both parties and statement in the
contract.
4.6 End Shape
4.6.1 For steel tube whose outer diameter is not larger than 60mm, square cut at
the tube end shall not exceed 1.5mm; for steel tube whose outer diameter is larger
than 60mm, square cut at the tube end shall not exceed 2.5% of outer diameter of the
steel tube, but the maximum value shall not exceed 6mm. For square cut of steel tube,
see Figure 1.

Figure 1 Square Cut

4.6.2 Cutting burrs at the ends of steel tube shall be cleared.

4.7 Weight
4.7.1 Steel tubes can be delivered according to actual weight or theoretical
weight. Calculation of theoretical weight of steel tube shall be in accordance with
those specified in GB/T 17395 and density of steel shall adopt 7.85kg/dm3.
4.7.2 Tolerance for actual weight and theoretical weight of steel tubes delivered
shall be in accordance with the following provisions according to the buyer's
requirement after negotiation by and between both parties and statement in the
contract:
Single piece of steel tube: ±10%;
Steel tubes whose minimum batch weight is 10t: ±7.5%.

5. Technical Requirements
5.1 Grade of Steel and Chemical Composition
5.1.1 Steel tube shall be made of steel of grades 10, 20, Q295, Q345, Q390,
Q420 and Q460.
5.1.2 Steel tubes of other grades specified in GB/T 699 can be produced
according to the buyer's requirement after negotiation by and between both parties,
and chemical composition (heat analysis) shall be in accordance with those specified
in relevant standards.
5.1.3 Chemical composition (heat analysis) of steel tubes of grades 10 and 20
shall be in accordance with those specified in GB/T 699.
5.1.4 Chemical composition (heat analysis) of steel tubes of grades Q295, Q345,
Q390, Q420 and Q460 shall be in accordance with those specified in GB/T 1591 and
contents of phosphorus and sulfur in steels of quality grades A, B and C shall not
larger than 0.030%.
5.1.5 Analysis on finished products, if required by the buyer, shall be stated in
the contract, and tolerance for chemical composition of finished steel tubes shall be in
accordance with those specified in GB/T 222.
5.2 Manufacturing Methods
5.2.1 Steel smelting method
Steel shall be smelted with arc furnace plus out-furnace refining or oxygen
converter plus out-converter refining.
Other smelting methods with higher requirements can also be adopted after
negotiation by and between both parties. Smelting method specified by the buyer shall
be stated in the contract.
5.2.2 Manufacturing method of tube blank
Tube blank can be made by continuous casting or hot-rolling (forging) methods,
and steel ingot can also be adopted as tube blank.
5.2.3 Manufacturing method of steel tube
Steel tubes shall be made by seamless hot-rolling (extruding, expanding) or
cold-drawing (rolling) method. Manufacturing method specified by the buyer shall be
stated in the contract.
5.3 Condition of Delivery
5.3.1 Hot-rolled (extruded or expanded) steel tubes shall be delivered under
hot-rolling condition or heat treatment condition. Delivery of steel tube under heat
treatment condition, if required, shall be stated in the contract.
5.3.2 Cold drawn (rolled) steel tubes shall be delivered under heat treatment
condition. Steel tubes can also be delivered under cold drawing (rolling) condition
according to the buyer's requirement after negotiation by and between both parties
and statement in the contract.
5.4 Mechanical Property
5.4.1 Tensile property
Longitudinal tensile property of steel tube under delivery condition shall be in
accordance with those specified in Table 5.
 Table 5 Mechanical Property of Steel Tube
Tensile Property
Lower yield Impact Test
a percentage
strength RcL/MPa
elongation
Quality Tensile Wall thickness/mm Absorption
No. at break
Grade strength energy
≤16 >16-30 >30 A/% Temperature/
Rm/MPa KV2/J
℃
Not less
Not less than
than
10 - 335-475 205 195 185 24 - -
20 - 410-530 245 235 225 20 - -
A - -
Q295 390-570 295 275 255 22
B +20 34
A - -
20
B +20
Q345 C 470-630 345 325 295 0 34
D 21 -20
E -40 27
A - -
18
B +20
Q390 C 490-650 390 370 350 0 34
D 19 -20
E -40 27
A - -
18
B +20
Q420 C 520-680 420 400 380 0 34
D 19 -20
E -40 27
C 0
34
Q460 D 550-720 460 440 420 17 -20
E -40 27
a. During the tensile test, if the yield strength can not be measured, the specified
non-proportional tensile strength Rp0.2 can be measured to substitute RcL.

5.4.2 Impact test

5.4.2.1 For steel tubes of grades Q295, Q345, Q390, Q420 and Q460 and quality
grades B, C, D and E, impact test shall be carried out when outer diameter of the steel
tube is not less than 70mm and wall thickness is not less than 6.5mm. Impact
absorption energy and test temperature in the charpy V-notch test shall be in
accordance with those specified in Table 5. Impact absorption energy shall be
calculated according to the arithmetic mean of three samples of the same group.
Single value of one of these three samples can be less than the specified value, but
shall not be less than 70% of the specified value.
5.4.2.2 Impact absorption energy set out in Table 5 are values required for charpy
V-notch impact absorption energy of sample with standard dimension. Where sample
of standard dimension can not be produced, samples of smaller dimension can be
made. If impact sample of smaller dimension is adopted, the minimum value required
for charpy V-notch impact absorption energy shall the product of value required for
impact absorption energy by decline coefficients set out in Table 6. Dimension of
impact sample shall give priority to larger ones.

Table 6 Decline Coefficient of Impact Absorption Energy of Small Sample

Specification of Dimension of sample (height× Decline
sample width)/(mm×mm) coefficient
Standard sample 10×10 1.00
Small sample 10×7.5 0.75
Small sample 10×5 0.50

5.4.2.3 Charpy V-notch test can also be carried out to steel tubes of other grades
and quality grades, and the test temperature, sample dimension and impact absorption
energy shall be determined through negotiation by and between both parties.
5.5 Process test
5.5.1 Flattening test
Flattening test shall be carried out to steel tubes of grades 10, 20, Q295 and
Q345 whose outer diameter is larger than 22mm-400mm and ratio of wall thickness to
outer diameter is not larger than 10%. Spacing (H) among boards for flattening test
shall be calculated according to formula (1):
(1 + a ) S
H= (1)
a+S D

Where,
H -- spacing among boards, unit in millimeter (mm);
S -- nominal wall thickness of steel tube, unit in millimeter (mm);
D -- nominal outer diameter of steel tube, unit in millimeter (mm);
A -- deformation coefficient of unit length, 0.09 for steel of grade 10; 0.07 for
steel of grade 20; 0.06 for steel of grades Q295 and Q345.
After the flattening test, the test sample shall not have cracks or rupture.
5.5.2 Flaring test
Flaring test can be carried out to steel tubes of grades 10, 20, Q295 and Q345,
whose wall thickness is not larger than 8mm, according to the buyer's requirement
after negotiation by and between both parties and statement in the contract. Taper at
the top center of flaring test shall be one of 30, 45 and 60. After the test, flaring rate of
the outer diameter of test sample shall be in accordance with those specified in Table
7, and the test sample shall not have crack or rupture.
 Table 7 Flaring Rate of Outer Diameter of Steel Tube
Flaring rate of outer diameter of steel tube/%
No. Inner diameter/outer diameter
≤0.5 >0.6-0.8 >0.8
10, 20 10 12 17
Q295, Q345 8 10 15

5.5.3 Bending test

Bending test can be carried out to steel tubes whose outer diameter is not larger
than 22mm according to the buyer's requirement after negotiation by and between
both parties and statement in the contract. Bending degree shall be 90 degree and
bending radius shall be 6 times outer diameter of steel tube. After the test, the test
sample shall not have crack or rupture at the bending position.
5.5.4 Hydraulic test
Steel tube shall go through hydraulic test piece by piece, and test pressure shall
be calculated according to formula (2), but the maximum test pressure shall not
exceed 19.0MPa. Under the test pressure, the pressure shall be kept stable for not less
than 5s and the steel pipe shall not have leakage defects.
P=2SR/D (2)
Where,
P -- test pressure, unit in megapascal (MPa);
S -- nominal wall thickness of steel tube, unit in millimeter (mm);
D -- nominal outer diameter of steel tube, unit in millimeter (mm);
R -- permissible stress, which is 60% of specified yield strength, unit in
megapascal (MPa).
The supplier can substitute the hydraulic test with eddy current inspection, flux
leakage testing or ultrasonic testing. Acceptance grade A in GB/T 7735 shall be
adopted for eddy current inspection; acceptance grade L4 in GB/T 12606 shall be
adopted for flux leakage test; artificial defect dimension L4(C12) in GB/T 5777 shall
be adopted for ultrasonic test.
5.6 Surface quality
Interior and exterior surfaces of steel tube shall not have visible cracks, folding
rupture, scab, rolled fold and delamination. These defects shall be cleared thoroughly.
The clearing depth shall not exceed the minus deviation of the nominal wall thickness
and actual wall thickness at the clearing position shall not be less than the permissible
minimum value of the wall thickness deviation.
Other local defects that are not larger than the minus deviation of wall thickness
are allowed.

6. Testing Method
6.1 Dimension and shape of steel tube shall be measured by instruments that
meet relevant accuracy requirements.
 6.2 Interior and exterior surfaces of steel tube shall go through visual test under
conditions where is bright enough.
6.3 Sampling method and test method of other testing items of steel tube shall be
in accordance with those specified in Table 8.

Table 8 Testing Items, Sampling Quantity, Sampling Method and Test Method of
Steel Tube
Inspection Sampling
No. Sampling Quantity Test Method
Item Method
GB/T 223
Chemical GB/T 4336
1 One sample from each furnace GB/T 20066
composite GB/T 20123
GB/T 20124
One sample from two pieces of
2 Tensile test GB/T 2975 GB/T 228
steel tubes of each batch separately
Three samples from two pieces of
3 Impact test GB/T 2975 GB/T 229
steel tubes of each batch separately
One sample from two pieces of
4 Flattening test GB/T 246 GB/T 246
steel tubes in each batch separately
One sample from two pieces of
5 Flaring test GB/T 242 GB/T 242
steel tubes in each batch separately
One sample from two pieces of
6 Bending test GB/T 244 GB/T 244
steel tubes in each batch separately
7 Hydraulic test Piece by piece - GB/T 241
8 Ultrasonic test Piece by piece - GB/T 5777
Eddy current
9 Piece by piece - GB/T 7735
inspection
Flux leakage
10 Piece by piece - GB/T 12606
test

7. Inspection Rules
7.1 Inspection and Acceptance
Inspection and acceptance of steel tube shall be carried out by the supplier's
department for quality and technical supervision.
7.2 Grouping regulation
7.2.1 Steel tubes shall be inspected and accepted in batches.
7.2.2 If steel tube will not go through heat treatment after being cut into pieces,
all segments cut from steel tubes rolled from the fame tube blank shall be deemed as
the same piece of steel tube.
7.2.3 Each batch shall be composed of steel tubes with the same grade, furnace
number, specification and heat treating degree (times of smelting). Quantity of each
batch of steel tube shall not exceed the following provisions:
A) Outer diameter is not larger than 76mm and wall thickness is not larger than
3mm: 400 pieces;
B) Outer diameter is larger than 351mm: 50 pieces;
C) Other dimension: 200 pieces.
7.2.4 If the buyer has no particular requirements, steel tubes made of 10 steel and
20 steel with the same grade and specification but different furnace numbers can be
grouped in the same batch.
7.2.5 If their quantity is not less than 50% of the aforesaid provision, the remnant
steel tubes can be grouped in the same batch; otherwise, they can be grouped in the
adjacent batch with the same grade, furnace number and specification.
7.3 Sampling quantity
Sampling quantity of steel tubes from each batch for each test shall be in
accordance with those specified in Table 8.
7.4 Review and judging rules
Review and judging rules of steel tubes shall be in accordance with provisions in
GB/T 2102.

8. Packaging, Marking and Quality Certificate

8.1 Packaging, marking and quality certificate of steel tube shall be in
accordance with provisions in GB/T 2102.
8.2 Interior and exterior surfaces of steel tube can be coated according to the
buyer's requirement after negotiation by and between both parties and statement in the
contract.