CHAPTER 9- THE URINARY SYSTEM

Ablation
the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function by surgery,
hormones, drugs, heat, chemical destruction, electrocaudery, or other
methods
Anuria
the absence of urine formation by the kidneys
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs most often in men
over 50
Catheterization
passage of a catheter into the bladder to withdraw urine or to place
therapeutic fluid into the bladder
Cystitis
an inflammation of the bladder
Cystocele
hernia of the bladder through the vagina bladder (AKA fallen bladder)
Cystolith
stone in the urinary bladder
Cystopexy
surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall
Cystoscopy
the visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope
Dialysis
a procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose
kidneys no longer function
Diuresis
increased output of urine
Enuresis
involuntary discharge of urine
Epispadias
congenital abnormality of the urethral opening
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
the destruction of stones with the use of high energy ultrasonic waves,
travelling through water or gel
Glomerulonephritis
type of nephritis that involves primarily the glomeruli
Hemodialysis
replaces kidney function by filtering waste products directly from the
patients blood
Hydronephrosis
the swelling of one or both kidneys as a result of obstruction of the flow of
urine
Hydroureter
stretching out of a ureter with urine; caused by the blockage in the ureter
that does not allow urine to flow normally
Hyperproteinuria
presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine;
characteristic of kidney malfunction diseases
Hypoproteinemia
presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood;
characteristic of kidney malfunction diseases
Hypospadias
congenital abnormality of the urethral opening
Incontinence
the inability to control excretory functions
Interstitial cystitis
chronic inflammation within the wall of the bladder
Intravenous pyelogram
diagnostic radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters with the use of a
contrast medium that is administered intravenously
Lithotomy
surgical incision into the bladder for the purpose of removing a stone from
the bladder
Nephrectasis
the distention of a kidney
Nephrolith
stone located in the kidney
Nephrolithiasis
disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney
Nephrolysis
the freeing of a kidney from adhesions
Nephropathy
describes any kidney disease including degenerative and inflammatory
conditions
Nephroptosis
the prolapsed or downward displacement of a kidney
Nephropyosis
the formation or discharge of puss from the kidney
Nephrostomy
the establishment of an opening between the pelvis of the kidney to
theexterior of the body
Nephrotic syndrome
abnormal condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine
and very low levels of protein are present in the blood
Neurogenic bladder
a urinary problem caused by interference with the normal urinary pathways
associated with urination
Nocturia
excessive urination during the night
Nocturnal enuresis
urinary incontinence (unrestrained movement or flow) during sleep also
known as bedwetting
Oliguria
scanty (slight) urination
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a
nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone
Peritoneal dialysis
lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the
blood
Polycystic kidney disease
inherited kidney disorder in which the kidneys become enlarged because of
multiple cysts
Polyuria
excessive urination
Prostate-specific antigen
blood test used to screen for prostate cancer (PSA test)
Prostatism
the condition of having symptoms resulting from compression or
obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hypertrophy
Pyeloplasty
the surgical repair of the renal pelvis
Pyelotomy
surgical incision into the renal pelvis
Suprapubic catheterization
the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made in
the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone
Uremia
a toxic condition resulting from excessive amounts of urea and other waste
products in the blood stream
Ureterectasis
distension of a ureter
Ureterolith
stone located in the ureter
Ureterorrhagia
the discharge of blood from the ureter
Ureterorrhaphy
the surgical suturing of a ureter
Urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
Urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra; usually performed to correct urinary distress
incontinence
Urethrorrhagia
bleeding from the urethra
Urethrostenosis
the narrowing of the urethra
Urethrostomy
surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin
Vesicovaginal fistula
abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
Voiding cystourethrography
diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of
urine through the bladder and through the urethra
Wilms tumor
malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children
chronic kidney disease
the progressive loss of renal function over months or years. may result from
diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or a family history of kidney disease. Can be
life-threatening
end-stage renal disease
final stage of chronic kidney disease, and this condition is fatal unless the
functions of the failed kidneys are replaced by dialysis or kidney transplant
nephron
microscopic functional units of each kidney. it is here that urine is produced
through the processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
urinary catheterization
a tube insertion into the bladder to procure a sterile specimen for diagnostic
purposes. also used to drain urine from the bladder when patient is unable to
urinate for other reasons.
-cele
hernia, tumor, swelling
cyst/o
urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
dia-
through, between, apart, complete
-ectasis
stretching, dilation, enlargement
glomerul/o
glomerulus
lith/o
stone, calculus
-lysis
breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening
nephr/o
kidney
-pexy
surgical fixation
pyel/o
renal pelvis, bowl of kidney
-tripsy
to crush
ur/o
urine, urinary tract
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
-uria
urination, urine
which condition is the abnormal narrowing of the tube that carries urine out
of the body?
A) urethrostomy
B) ureterostenosis
C) urinary retention
D) urethrostenosis
D) urethrostenosis
which sudden onset condition is characterized by uremia?
A) chronic renal failure
B) acute renal failure
C) end-stage renal disease
D) nephrotic syndrome
B) acute renal failure
the congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the upper
surface of the penis is known as ____.
A) hypospadias
B) hyperospadias
C) epispadias
D) paraspadias
C) epispadias
the term ____ describes the presence of stones in the kidney
A) renal colic
B) nephrosis
C) nephrolith
D) nephrolithiasis
D) nephrolithiasis
which condition is a chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder?
A) cystodynia
B) cystalgia
C) interstitial cystitis
D) cystitis
C) interstitial cystitis
which term describes the presence of abnormally high concentrations of
protein in the urine?
A) hypolipidemia
B) hypoproteinemia
C) hyperproteinuria
C) hyperproteinuria
The complete suppression of urine formation by the kidneys is known as
____.
A) diuresis
B) anuria
C) polyuria
D) oligura
B) anuria
which condition is the formation or discharge of pus in the kidney?
A) hydronephrosis
B) nephropyosis
C) nephrolysis
D) nephroptosis
B) nephropyosis
which term describes a radiographic study of the kidneys ureters and
bladder without the use of a contrast medium?
A) intravenous urography
B) IVP
C) KUB
D) retrograde urography
C) KUB
which of the following signs is not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?
A) hyperlipidemia
B) pyelitis
C) edema
D) hyperproteinuria
A) hyperlipidemia
which term describes the inability to control the voiding of urine under
physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing?
A) urge incontinence
B) stress incontinence
C) overactive bladder
D) micturition
B) stress incontinence
A/An ____ is an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that
allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina.
A) cystolith
B) paraspadias
C) cystocele
D) vesicovaginal fistula
D) vesicovaginal fistula
____ is an inflammation of both the renal pelvis and the kidney. This is
usually caused by a bacterial infection that has spread upward from the
bladder.
A) cystitis
B) pyelonephritis
C) pyelitis
D) nephritis
B) pyelonephritis
which term describes the outer layer of the kidney?
A) medulla
B) bowman's capsule
C) nephron
D) cortex
D) cortex
____ refers to the late stages of chronic renal failure, in which there is
irreversible loss of function in both kidneys.
End-stage renal disease
the term ____ describes difficult or painful urination
dyssuria
which procedure is the removal of a kidney stone through a surgical incision
into the kidney?
A) lithotripsy
B) nephrolithotomy
C) nephrolithiasis
D) lithotomy
B) nephrolithotomy
the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made
through the abdominal wall is known as ____ catheterization
suprapubic
___ is a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function
is compromised and urea is retained in the blood.
A) anuresis
B) nephrotic syndrome
C) diuresis
D) uremia
D) uremia
which term describes the surgical repair of the tube extending from the
kidney to the bladder?
ureteroplasty
which condition is the abnormal enlargement of a ureter?
A) ureterostenosis
B) ureterectasis
C) hydroureterosis
D) ureteralgia
B) ureterectasis
The urethral meatus ____.
is the external opening of the urethra
which procedure is the freeing of a kidney from adhesions?
A) nephrolithiasis
B) lithotripsy
C) nephrolithotomy
D) nephrolysis
D) nephrolysis
neurogenic bladder _____
is caused by interference with the nerve pathways associated with urination.
Find the correctly spelled word.
cystocele
hyperproteinuria
polyuria
uremia
nephroptosis
ureter
pyeloplasty
diuresis
lithotripsy
nephrectasis
enuresis
glomerulonephritis
nephrolithiasis
cystourethrography
oliguria
nephrotic
anuria
dialysis
hydroureter
vesicovaginal
hydronephrosis
epispadias
ureterorrhagia
ablation
incontinence
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
1.Inflammation of the kidney or kidneys
nephritis
Glomerunephritis
Kidnitis
Incorrecto
0/5 Puntos
2.remove products like urea, creatinine, etc
Dialysis
Hemodialysis
DIuretics
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
3.The visual examination of the urinary bladder
Cystoscopy
Cistoscopy
Endoscopy
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
4.Creatinuria is an increased concentration of creatinine in the blood
TRUE
FALSE
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
5.Removal of a stone from the bladder.
Lithotomy
Lithotomy position
meatotomy
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
6.Frequent urination during the night
Nocturia
Nicturia
Enuresis
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
7.The involuntary discharge of urine
Eneuresis
Enuresis
Epiddidymitis
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
8.Pelvic muscel exercises
Kegel Exercises
Kaposi Exercises
KUB
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
9.The inability of one or both of the kidneys to perform their functions
Renal Failure
Chronic Renal Failure
Acute Renal Failure
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
10.A type of malignant tumor of the kidney
 Wilms Tumor
Willis Tumor
Leukemia
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
11.Study without the use of a contrast medium
KUB
X ray
Lasik
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
12.The presence of protein in the urine
Albuminuria
Triage
Kidney
Albumina
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
13.Cystolith is a stone located outside the urinary bladder
TRUE
FALSE
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
14.A toxic condition in which urea and other waste product ...
Uresis
Uremia
urosepsis
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
15.Excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine
Nephrotic Syndrome
Neuritis
Albuminuria
Incorrecto
0/5 Puntos
16.Examination of urine
Urinalysis
 EGO
Urethritis
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
17.The presence of pus in the urine
Pyuria
Albuminuria
Pyrosis
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
18.removal of a body part or the destruction of its function
Abortion
Ablation
Adhesion
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
19.Cystalgia is a Pain in the urinary bladder
TRUE
FALSE
Correcto
5/5 Puntos
20.Check the kidneys are filtering blood
Glomerular Filtration rate
Glomerulonephritis
kub