THE FIELD GUIDE TO

SPONSORED FILMS

by Rick Prelinger

National Film Preservation Foundation

San Francisco, California
Rick Prelinger is the founder of the Prelinger Archives, a collection of 51,000 advertising,
educational, industrial, and amateur films that was acquired by the Library of Congress in
2002. He has partnered with the Internet Archive (www.archive.org) to make 2,000 films
from his collection available online and worked with the Voyager Company to produce 14
laser discs and CD-ROMs of films drawn from his collection, including Ephemeral Films,
the series Our Secret Century, and Call It Home: The House That Private Enterprise Built.
In 2004, Rick and Megan Shaw Prelinger established the Prelinger Library in San Francisco.

National Film Preservation Foundation

870 Market Street, Suite 1113
San Francisco, CA 94102

© 2006 by the National Film Preservation Foundation

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Prelinger, Rick, 1953–
The field guide to sponsored films / Rick Prelinger.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-9747099-3-X (alk. paper)
1. Industrial films—Catalogs. 2. Business—Film catalogs. 3. Motion pictures in adver-
tising. 4. Business in motion pictures. I. Title.
HF1007.P863 2006
011´.372—dc22 2006029038
CIP

This publication was made possible through a grant from The Andrew W. Mellon
Foundation. It may be downloaded as a PDF file from the National Film Preservation
Foundation Web site: www.filmpreservation.org.

Photo credits
Cover and title page (from left): Admiral Cigarette (1897), courtesy of Library of Congress;
Now You’re Talking (1927), courtesy of Library of Congress; Highlights and Shadows (1938),
courtesy of George Eastman House.
Page 1 and back cover (from left): The Stenographer’s Friend: or, What Was Accomplished
by an Edison Business Phonograph (1910), courtesy of Library of Congress; Tomorrow’s
Drivers (1954), courtesy of Prelinger Archives; A Continent Is Bridged (1940), courtesy
of Prelinger Archives.

Typeset by David Wells

Copyedited by Sylvia Tan
Printed in the USA by Great Impressions
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgments iv
Introduction vi
How to Use This Guide xii
Film Entries 1
Appendix 1: Works Frequently Cited 105
Appendix 2: Sources of Copyright Data 107
Appendix 3: Repositories Cited 108
Appendix 4: Films by Date 111
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations 116
Index of Personal Names 130
About the National Film Preservation Foundation 140
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Gathering, sifting through, and evaluating information for this publication was a huge
undertaking involving hundreds of individuals and institutions over the course of 18
months. Rick Prelinger tirelessly oversaw the project from start to finish, developing the
research strategy, selecting and documenting films, collecting holdings data, and writing
and indexing the entries. The guide is a testament to his knowledge, enthusiasm, and perse-
verance. Assisting Rick in refining the methodology were a team of archivists and scholars:
Dan Streible (New York University), Donald Crafton (University of Notre Dame), Michael
Mashon and Amy Gallick (Library of Congress), Wendy Shay (National Museum of
American History, Smithsonian Institution), Margaret Compton (University of Georgia),
Abby Smith, and the staff of the National Film Preservation Foundation. As the project
took shape, this group advised on the scope and content. Several experts—Jennifer Horne
(Bryn Mawr College), Steve Lubar (Brown University), Gregory Waller (Indiana University),
and Charles McGovern (College of William and Mary)—critiqued the film selection in
the winter and spring of 2006 and offered invaluable suggestions for improving coverage
and documentation. Additional suggestions were contributed by colleagues attending the
University of South Carolina’s Orphan Film Symposium, which in March 2006 featured
a panel and film screening based on the project.

In summer 2006, Alex Thimons, a Cornell University undergraduate who had helped in
the initial stages of the project the previous summer, returned to fact-check the manuscript
and assist, under the direction of the NFPF staff, in its final preparation. We owe him a
special thanks for his exacting and perceptive research.

Scores of scholars and preservationists generously contributed information relating to their

collections and specialties: Ruta Abolins (University of Georgia), Charles Acland (Concordia
University), Geoff Alexander (Academic Film Archive of North America), Bev Allen
(Bessemer Historical Society), Craig Baldwin (Other Cinema), Snowden Becker (Center
for Home Movies), Charles Benton (Benton Foundation), Larry Bird (National Museum
of American History, Smithsonian Institution), Henry Charles, Michele Christian (Iowa
State University), Liz Coffey (Rhode Island Historical Society), Sid Davis, Melissa Dollman
(UCLA Film and Television Archive), Mary Durkee, Paul Eisloeffel (Nebraska State Histor-
ical Society), Skip Elsheimer (AV Geeks), Bob Finehout, David Marc Fischer, Bill Geerhart
(Conelrad.com), Allan Goodrich (John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum),
Charles Grimm, Christine Hennig, Charles Hopkins (UCLA Film and Television Archive),
Jan-Christopher Horak (University of California, Los Angeles), Ann L. Horton-Line (Yale
University), Ken House (Weyerhaeuser Company), Paul Ivester, John Jack, Jeff Joseph
(Sabucat Productions), Gary Kaboly (Pittsburgh Filmmakers), Kim Klausner (University
of California, San Francisco), Christina Kovac (National Archives), Jeff Kreines, Andrew
Lampert (Anthology Film Archives), Steve Leggett (Library of Congress), Erica Levin
(University of California, Berkeley), Arel Lucas (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University),
J. Fred MacDonald (MacDonald and Associates), Steven Mandeville-Gamble (North
Carolina State University), Sarah Ziebell Mann (New York University), Caroline Martel
(Artifact Productions), Karen E. Martin (Nature Society), Eef Masson (Utrecht
University), Barbara Mathe (American Museum of Natural History), Anna McCarthy
(New York University), Joe Morrison (Pittsburgh Filmmakers), Bill Murphy (AVArchives
Services), Bill O’Farrell, Stephen O’Riordan (University of California, San Diego), Stephen
Parr (San Francisco Media Archive), Martin Pernick (University of Michigan), Greg
Pierce (Orgone Archives), Zak Piper (Kartemquin Films), Steve Polta (San Francisco

iv
 Acknowledgments

Cinematheque), Megan Shaw Prelinger (Prelinger Archives), Bradley Reeves (Tennessee

Archive of Moving Image and Sound), Eddie Richmond (UCLA Film and Television
Archive), Linda Ries (Pennsylvania State Archives), Amy Rudersdorf (North Carolina State
University), John Sanford, Eli Savada (Motion Picture Information Service), Sean Savage
(New York University), Valarie Schwan (University of Southern California), Jay Schwartz
(Secret Cinema), Karan Sheldon (Northeast Historic Film), Lee Shoulders (Getty Images),
Bob Shuster (Wheaton College), Scott Simmon (University of California, Davis), Todd
Southern, Paul Spehr, Cecile Starr, Albert Steg, Rob Stone (UCLA Film and Television
Archive), George Stoney (New York University), Henry Strauss, Bob Summers, Dwight
Swanson (Appalshop), Tad Tadlock, Bill Taylor, Mark Taylor (National Air and Space
Museum, Smithsonian Institution), Charles Tepperman (University of Chicago), Mark
Toscano (Academy Film Archive, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences), Louisa
Trott (Tennessee Archive of Moving Image and Sound), Frederick M. Veith (Swarthmore
College), Nancy Watrous (Chicago Film Archives), David Weiss (Northeast Historic Film),
Sam Wells, Liz Wiatr (Boise State University), Pam Wintle (National Museum of Natural
History, Smithsonian Institution), Bret Wood, Frank Wylie (Library of Congress), Tanya
Zanish-Belcher (Iowa State University), Jennifer Zwarich, and the many others who helped
along the way.

This project was funded through a grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and
would not have been possible without the encouragement and support of the foundation
and its program officers. Thank you.

Annette Melville, Director

National Film Preservation Foundation

v
INTRODUCTION
The Field Guide to Sponsored Films is a first effort to review and assess the thousands of
industrial and institutional films sponsored by American businesses, charities, educational
institutions, and advocacy groups over the last century. In the tradition of the naturalist’s
field guides, it describes examples discovered by patient observation and points out their
identifying characteristics. In so doing, The Field Guide calls attention to historically sig-
nificant but neglected titles, makes an argument for reclaiming their rightful place in film
history, and suggests directions for scholarship.

Sponsored films are as old as film itself. From the earliest years of cinema, motion pictures
have been produced to record, orient, train, sell, and persuade. Though it is estimated that
300,000 industrial and institutional films have been made in the United States—far more
than any other type of motion picture—the film type is little known. Almost every major
company, national business association, and educational institution produced or commis-
sioned titles intended for staff, customers, or the public. Today these films are valuable
both as documentation of past places, events, and practices and as examples of changing
styles of rhetoric.

Although it is tempting to characterize sponsored films as specimens of extinct media,

it is more accurate to see them as part of a continuum that today includes video and the
Internet, the media of choice for corporate and institutional communications. Some of
the earliest sponsored films were set in American factories and documented how products
were made on a grand scale. American Mutoscope & Biograph Company’s Westinghouse
Works series (entry 430), filmed at the Westinghouse plant outside Pittsburgh, and Selig
Polyscope Company’s Stockyards Series (entry 367), made for Armour and Company,
showcased the innovative mass production technologies used by corporate giants. The
didactic value of pioneering industrial films was not lost on forward-looking nonprofits,
and by the beginning of the teens advocacy groups were also turning to film to dissemi-
nate their message.

Though definitions of industrial and institutional film have been debated since as early as
the 1920s, the more practical approach is to look for shared criteria. Sponsorship heads the
list. Sponsorship is the common thread that links films funded by for-profit and nonprofit
entities, and it runs through both works made for internal viewing (such as training films)
and titles targeting customers, business partners, and the public. Sponsorship also implies
the packaging of information from a particular corporate or institutional perspective. Finally,
sponsorship denotes direct institutional support, generally through funding, though occa-
sionally through donated services or other nonfinancial assistance. Sponsored films encom-
pass advertisements, public service announcements, special event productions, cartoons,
newsreels and documentaries, training films, organizational profiles, corporate reports, works
showcasing manufacturing processes and products, and of course, polemics made to win
over audiences to the funders’ point of view.

The timeline of the development of sponsored films begins before the invention of the
motion picture with the experiments of visual education pioneers. Beginning in 1891,
the charismatic John H. Patterson, head of National Cash Register Company and a passion-
ate believer in the educational power of images, assembled a corporate library of 68,000
glass lantern slides documenting business activities. Almost every imaginable interaction
between worker, manager, salesman, and customer was visualized and arranged into exposi-

vi
 Introduction

tory sequences for employee training. Public lecture programs were also developed on topics
in which Patterson had an interest, including health, welfare, and municipal reform.1

Meanwhile, cinema had already proved itself as a medium with broad outreach potential.
By 1897, short advertisements such as Admiral Cigarette (entry 4) were being shown out-
doors in New York City. In the initial years of the motion picture, the same production
companies made both theatrical and sponsored films. Indeed, sponsored films were often
packaged as narratives to make their message more accessible to audiences.

The proliferation of sponsors and subjects led to an increase in the number of production
companies specializing in nontheatrical films. Arthur Edwin Krows recounts the early history
in a series published in Educational Screen from September 1938 to June 1944. Although
Krows’s recollections can be inaccurate in their detail, his essays are an invaluable look back
at the pioneering companies. He tells how entrepreneurs like Carlyle Ellis and Watterson
Rothacker tried to build production empires, which never quite achieved their promise, and
how others started more quietly and survived much longer. Reid H. Ray Film Industries
survived under various names for six decades, until the 1970s; the Jam Handy Organization,
founded around 1917, stayed in business through four wars and massive industrial mod-
ernization. It would, however, be a mistake to characterize the history of sponsored film
solely in terms of large firms. It was also an arena for small innovators—On Film Inc.,
Centron Productions, the Eames Studio, and a host of others. Some companies, such as
the Western Union Telegraph Company and the Hills Bros. Coffee Company, became so
committed to using film to document and promote their operations that they created in-
house production units.2

The late 1940s and 1950s were the golden age of the sponsored film. During World War II,
film producers, like most other American companies, put peacetime production on hold
and went to work for the war effort. After the enforced break, the industry exploded.3
In the postwar boom, production companies and 16mm distribution outlets proliferated,
thanks in part to the availability of war-surplus 16mm equipment. The sheer profusion
and variety of titles produced from 1946 to 1980 renders it difficult to map the most sig-
nificant works. Production companies existed in most regions of the United States. Some,
especially those in New York, Los Angeles, Detroit, Kansas City, and Chicago, served
national accounts. Others, less well known today, focused on regional businesses and non-
profit groups. Though generalizations are risky, the New York producers of the 1950s and
1960s seem to have enjoyed a creative efflorescence, moving into innovative, sometimes
even experimental, filmmaking. Los Angeles producers capitalized on local access to high-
end production services and created some big-budget productions, a few with major stars.
Detroit’s venerable Jam Handy Organization turned out thousands of films over its 60-year
history, most of them guided by Jamison Handy’s principles of visual instruction.4 (It was

1. See “The NCR Archive: Magic Lantern Slides,” Dayton History, www.daytonhistory.org/magiclantern.htm. For educators, it
was a small step from glass slides to slidefilms, short strips of 35mm film that were shown with verbal explanation or syn-
chronized phonograph records. Slidefilms, later known as film strips, were inexpensive to make, convenient to use, and so
portable that the projectors were said to be able to fit into a saleman’s jacket pocket. Patterson is said to have been a major
influence on Jamison Handy, the founder of the Jam Handy Organization.
2. For a survey and timeline of sponsored film producers, see Thomas W. Hope, Hope Reports, Industry: AV and Training,
vol. 3 (Rochester, NY: Hope Reports, 1972), 167–71.
3. See Leo C. Beebe, “Industry,” in Film Council of America, Sixty Years of 16mm Film, 1923–1983: A Symposium (Evanston,
IL: Film Council of America, 1954), 88.
4. On Handy, see M.R. McKeown, “Detroit: The Commercial Hollywood,” Barron’s, June 29, 1936, 11–12; and Lawrence M.
Hughes, “Jamison Handy: Master of ‘Show ’Em,’” Sales Mgmt 90 (March 15, 1963): 40–45.

vii
Introduction

said that during these years more film stock may have been exposed in Detroit than in
Hollywood!) The Calvin Company, Kansas City’s high-rise motion picture factory, quoted
production prices by the minute, pioneered many efficient filmmaking methods, and sent
films throughout the Great Plains and the Southwest. A handful of Chicago firms handled
national associations with headquarters in the Windy City and exploited local talent.5

Many distribution channels connected sponsors with viewers. In the early teens the Bureau
of Commercial Economics in Washington, D.C., began exhibiting and distributing indus-
trial films. By 1914, the YMCA Motion Picture Bureau started bringing educational films,
often sponsored, to clubs, church groups, and other organizations. The YMCA Bureau
evolved into Association Films, a for-profit enterprise that circulated sponsored films,
charging sponsors according to the number of viewers reported. Modern Talking Picture
Service was organized in 1935 and led the field for some 40 years, ultimately absorbing
Association Films. By the mid-1930s, nontheatrical exhibition of sponsored films likely
surpassed their theatrical use.6

Several technical innovations fueled the popularity. The first was the introduction of non-
flammable film by Pathé-Frères in 1912. Pathé’s product, the first practical alternative to
flammable nitrate film, was manufactured in a 28mm gauge that was easier to handle than
the larger, 35mm theatrical standard. With its safe and convenient film stock and projector,
Pathé made it possible to show movies at home, in schools, and in other noncommercial
settings. Thousands of Americans bought equipment.7 However, it was Eastman Kodak
Company and the Radio Corporation of America that created the products that enabled
sponsored film to come into its own. In 1923, Kodak introduced 16mm nonflammable
“safety film” along with lightweight, easy-to-use cameras and projectors; 28mm was dropped
almost as rapidly as it had been adopted. RCA’s 16mm sound camera followed in 1934
and along with other improvements in sound recording and track printing, paved the way
for inexpensive sound film production. After years of experiment, Kodak perfected an
improved Kodachrome process and in 1938 brought color film to the 16mm market.

Many companies, schools, and associations maintained film libraries. The Bell Telephone
System, General Motors Corporation, General Electric Company, International Harvester
Company, Ford Motor Company, the American Red Cross, and the National Safety Council
were all involved in distribution, publishing film catalogs and shipping prints. Advertising
agencies and public relations firms commissioned films on behalf of clients, crafting sales
and advocacy messages that were coordinated with print and radio campaigns. Sponsored
films could reach millions of viewers. At its height the industry employed thousands of
people and supported at least one trade journal devoted to sponsored film production,
appropriately called Business Screen (published from 1938 to 1976). Festivals arose in the

5. See Robert Brundage, “Industrial Movies: Big Hollywood Screen Firms Eye Growth of Business Film Industry,” WSJ,
Dec. 10, 1945, 1; Michael J. Saada, “Business Movies: Company-Backed Films Play to Audience 500% Greater Than in
1946,” WSJ, Oct. 29, 1951, 1; William M. Freeman, “Industry Telling Story by Movies,” NYT, Jan. 24, 1954, F1; Ray Vicker,
“Subtle Salesmanship: Business Movies, with Low-Keyed Promotion, Win Big TV Audience,” WSJ, June 25, 1954, 1;
“Enterprise on Celluloid,” Newsweek, Aug. 19, 1957, 71–75; Carl Spielvogel, “Advertising: The Company Motion Picture,”
NYT, Feb. 9, 1958, F9; and Ronald G. Shafer, “Soft-Sell Movies: Entertaining Approach Helps Firms Promote Their Products
on Film,” WSJ, Oct. 14, 1964, 1. For a portrait of the industry in 1960 and case studies of New York production companies,
see Ralph Caplan, “Industry on the Screen,” Industrial Design 7 (Apr. 1960): 48–65.
6. For more on the growth of nontheatrical film distribution in the silent era, see “New Movie Expansion,” NYT, May 8, 1921, 85;
and Elizabeth Richey Dessez, “Motion Pictures for Social Groups,” CSM, Aug. 14, 1928, 10.
7. See Anke Mebold and Charles Tepperman, “Resurrecting the Lost History of 28mm Film in North America,” Film History 15,
no. 2 (2003): 137–51. Through the introduction of 28mm film equipment, middle- and upper-class Americans who had spurned
grubby nickelodeons became film enthusiasts and helped to make motion pictures a nationally shared entertainment.

viii
 Introduction

1940s to recognize worthy examples, sometimes in tandem with educational productions.

The Cleveland Film Festival specialized in industrials; some works were also honored at the
American Film Festival or received Oscars from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and
Sciences, which introduced its documentary awards in the mid-1940s.8

Where did Americans see sponsored films? A typical American living in a city in the 1930s
might see an industrial or institutional film in a theater as a short subject preceding the
featured attraction. At newsreel theaters that existed in some large cities, the viewer might
find sponsored films on the program. Short screen ads running a minute or less also littered
movie schedules and flourished through the 1930s, despite audience objections. Industrials
were shown at often-compulsory lunchtime screenings and in on-the-job training sessions.9
Lodges, women’s organizations, 4-H clubs, scouting groups, Grange branches, and similar
groups also provided venues. Larger than any of these was the biggest captive audience of
all, schoolchildren.10

Industrial and institutional films played in classrooms as early as the mid-teens. Several
states, most notably Wisconsin, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Georgia, estab-
lished distribution services and traveling exhibition programs for young audiences. Educators
took exception with the use of curricular materials espousing an explicit point of view. Media
experts evaluated the educational value of sponsored films and announced their recommen-
dations through the publications of the Film Council of America and the Educational Film
Library Association. H.W. Wilson Company’s Educational Film Catalog (later Educational
Film Guide) became an essential tool. Educational film libraries purged titles thought to
exhibit overt corporate promotion.11

By the late 1950s television had grown to eclipse all other means of sponsored film distri-
bution. As early as the late 1930s, experimental television stations were broadcasting short
sponsored films in a few large cities. After World War II, as broadcasting became more reg-
ularized, sponsored films occupied network time slots and were omnipresent on independent
and UHF TV stations. Programmers were always in search of inexpensive ways to fill air-
time but refused to broadcast explicit advertising. The requirements for television affected
the nature and style of production and brought about “public service” films that advanced
corporate goals without dwelling on mission and products. Companies commissioned films
such as Once upon a Honeymoon (entry 295), a Hollywood-style musical introducing the
color telephone as a decorator accessory and mentioning its Bell Telephone System sponsor-
ship only in an introductory title. Sponsors considered television a major outlet, and few
titles dating after the mid-1950s were made without broadcast in mind.

Then in the 1970s came signs of obsolescence. The advent of inexpensive, portable video
equipment made it more economical for organizations to switch from film to video and
move production in-house. As cable and home video became more common and viewers’
options expanded, the traditional sponsored film audience waned. Although filmmakers
tried to stay up-to-date, incorporating techniques such as cinema verité cinematography

8. See Robert W. Desmond, “Business ‘Goes Hollywood,’” CSM, May 29, 1935, WM8; and “Camera! Action! Sales!,” Bus
Wk, May 27, 1939, 38–47.
9. For a description of workplace exhibition practices, see “Time to Show the Facts,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 2 (1949): 21–22.
10. See Gregory Mason, “Teaching by the Movies,” The Outlook, Aug. 22, 1914, 963; and “Reaching the Consumer with
Films,” Pr Ink Mon 37 (July 1938): 19–22, 60–73.
11. On the use of sponsored films in the classroom, see F. Dean McClusky, “Public Schools,” in Film Council of America,
Sixty Years of 16mm Film, 1923–1983: A Symposium (Evanston, IL: Film Council of America, 1954), 46–59; and Herbert
Kerkow, “Films for Schools: Public Relations Tools for Industry,” Sales Mgmt 54 (Mar. 1, 1946): 68–71. On the film council
movement, see John Beaufort, “Film Library Waits Calls of ‘Grass Roots,’” CSM, May 1, 1948, 20.

ix
Introduction

and split screens, these efforts did not keep sponsored films alive. Today lower-cost video
and digital media have, by and large, taken over the communications role of sponsored
films, and in-house media units have sprung up to customize productions for corporate,
government, and nonprofit employers. On the other end of the spectrum are companies that
produce and distribute generic presentations on widely applicable topics, such as human
resource management. A few multinational giants, like Federal Express and Wal-Mart,
produce corporate programming and run television networks to link their geographically
far-flung outposts. However, the Internet has become the prime communications venue.
Though sponsored works are still being made (even on film), they generally have a
narrow focus.

Huge numbers of sponsored films survive. Many slipped the notice of the distribution cata-
logs and trade magazines of their day and lack active copyright holders. No national catalog
or database has been developed to record the scattered holdings. Furthermore, unlike the-
atrical features that are safeguarded by a handful of corporate owners and public archives,
sponsored films are found in a variety of repositories, ranging from private collections and
corporations to regional nonprofits and commercial stock footage libraries. Such are the
factors that today confound attempts at describing and evaluating these materials.

For several decades sponsored films have been difficult to see and largely forgotten by
scholars. Thanks to the Internet and video, a number of long-unseen titles have once again
become viewable. The conventions and assumptions of such films as The Atom and Eve
(entry 32) or The Home Electrical (entry 186) can seem surprising, even humorous, to con-
temporary audiences. Some titles, such as The House in the Middle (entry 190), have earned
a place in popular culture. When these works are seen as part of a larger historical frame-
work, they become much more revealing.

The Field Guide to Sponsored Films attempts to put these films into context. It names 452
of the most significant or influential examples produced during the first century of film.
Using a short entry format, it describes the works’ major characteristics, suggests the rationale
behind their production, and touches on the reception and impact. By providing informa-
tion on several hundred titles of special interest, The Field Guide explores the contours of
this film type and sketches its potential documentary and evidentiary value for cinema,
cultural, and historical studies.

As historically neglected film types gain attention, archivists and scholars face challenges
quite unlike those confronted in collecting the better-documented fiction feature. In a uni-
verse of hundreds of thousands of poorly known and largely undocumented works, where
to begin? What criteria should inform acquisition and preservation policies? How can prac-
titioners compare similar titles and characterize their specificities, intentions, and reception?
As new works are discovered, what can be learned from examining related titles? The field
guide approach provides a point of departure.

The following entries are not limited to titles still known to exist. This book also covers
a number of works not reported in major American collections but mentioned in at least
two publications of the period. The descriptions, it is hoped, will stimulate a search for
lost titles and encourage preservationists to save what they have and seek better materials
for works known through damaged or incomplete copies. The book might also increase
the availability of films on video and the Internet. Filmmakers seeking footage may also
find The Field Guide helpful, especially since a number of the cited films are in the public
domain or unclaimed by rights holders.

x
 Introduction

Research took the project into resources that have not generally been the province of moving
image scholarship. In addition to the nontheatrical film catalogs and trade journals that
targeted producers and sponsors, I reviewed the two largest American private collections of
sponsored film; unpublished records of two major producers, the Jam Handy Organization
and Jerry Fairbanks Productions; and a wide spectrum of periodicals serving professionals
in advertising and marketing, industrial management, municipal government, and photog-
raphy. These nontraditional sources were a treasure house of information. I also combed
digitized newspaper archives and collections of paper ephemera relating to nontheatrical
film and polled archival colleagues. The working draft of The Field Guide was reviewed by
the project team and by scholars and archivists with expertise in relevant subject areas.

The 452 entries that appear in this book represent many industries, regions, perspectives,
and styles. Though readers will immediately recognize some titles (such as the films from
the Eames Studio and the Bell Telephone System) and individuals (such as George Stoney,
Helen Levitt, Stan Brakhage, and Alexander Hammid), most will seem new except to
devotees. The project team aimed to present a regionally balanced selection showcasing
a variety of organizations and lesser-known women, ethnic, and regional filmmakers.

The selection criteria took diverse factors into account. The project team strove to identify
culturally or socially significant films of potential interest to historians, social scientists,
film experts, and other specialists. Films sometimes earned inclusion for their vivid, detailed,
or revealing portrayals of their subject; in other cases, they presented telling specimens of
corporate or institutional rhetoric. Also highlighted were examples that might encourage
the discovery of similar works. Finally, we tried to single out films of cinematic excellence.
The resulting list is a snapshot rather than a canon, and one that will evolve as more
about the film type becomes known.

Omitted were titles produced exclusively for classroom use, funded solely by the U.S. gov-
ernment, or made for electoral campaigns. Also excluded were works sponsored by religious
organizations for their own membership, titles made primarily for screening abroad, tech-
nical productions intended for medical, engineering, and scientific professionals, and trailers
and other films sponsored by motion picture studios to promote their productions. Space
does not permit coverage of the many works produced exclusively for television broadcast
and not available through film distribution channels.

In looking back on this compilation one can’t help noticing fascinating clusters of related
films calling out for further study. Though the social welfare films of the teens are reason-
ably well documented, few have looked at the booster “municipal movies” of the 1920s.
Roland Marchand and William L. Bird have written about the direct-to-consumer screen
advertising and free-enterprise dramas of the 1930s, but still to be explored are the neorealist
psychology films of the 1940s, many by documentarians with progressive roots. Almost
nothing is known about the exuberant, experimental works of New York filmmakers in
the 1950s, many produced for Fortune 500 sponsors, and the reciprocal influence of
1960s cinema verité and industrial filmmakers. May this book serve as a road map for
new explorations.

Rick Prelinger

xi
HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE
The Field Guide to Sponsored Films describes 452 films commissioned by American advo-
cacy groups, businesses, charities, educational institutions, fraternal and service organiza-
tions, state and local government units, and trade associations between 1897 and 1980.
The films were chosen on the basis of (1) historical and cultural significance, (2) quality,
and (3) reception and influence. Effort was made to achieve a balance across industries,
charitable groups, and regions.

The entries are arranged alphabetically by film title. Descriptive titles are provided
in brackets for untitled works. In a few cases, entries are given for series, such as Ford
Educational Weekly.

The descriptions have three parts.

The first covers the physical characteristics of the film, its major production credits
(sponsor, production company, producer, director, crew, and cast), published sources dis-
cussing the title, and American repositories that have copies. For titles in the two Prelinger
Collections, production credits were transcribed from the film itself. Corporate and per-
sonal names reflect the form of name in use at the time of the film’s production. Sources
are listed in chronological order, beginning with the original copyright registration date
and number. Copyright data were drawn from the publications listed in appendix 2 and
do not report the current copyright status. The citations for frequently consulted publica-
tions are given in short form; the full references are provided in appendix 1. Citations of
Web sites are valid as of June 30, 2006.

The holdings data were derived in two ways. More than 20 stock footage houses, collec-
tors, corporate archives, and public institutions, including the Library of Congress and the
Smithsonian Institution, contributed up-to-date information specifically for this project.
Holdings data from the other repositories were taken from published catalogs, scholarly
monographs, and institutional Web sites; the use of such secondary sources is noted in
appendix 3. Roughly 20 percent of the titles were not found in any American collection;*
for these fugitive titles, no repositories are listed.

The second part of the entry outlines the film’s purpose and content. Quotations cited
without a source are taken from the film itself. Any other quotations are from resources
cited in the first part of the entry.

The third section summarizes awards, accounts of the film’s reception, and production or
distribution details of special interest. Also mentioned is the availability of Internet viewing
copies and sources for further reading.

Compiling a reference work is a humbling task. Many films represented here are known
largely through published descriptions and secondhand accounts. Errors and omissions
are inevitable, and the reader is encouraged to send corrections to Rick Prelinger at
[email protected].

* To be included, a title had to have been described in two or more published accounts of the period.

xii
 FILM ENTRIES

1. A IS FOR ATOM (1953, sound, 15 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. DIRECTOR: Carl Urbano. Writer:
True Boardman. ART DIRECTORS: Gerald Nevius, Lew Keller. PRODUCTION DESIGNER: Tony Rivera. MUSIC: Eugene
Poddany. ANIMATION: Arnold Gillespie, Emery Hawkins. RESOURCES: Copyrights 18Feb1953 MP3815 (10-min.
version) and 1June1953 MP3572 (15-min. version); “Atom Educational Film Made Available by GE,” Wash
Post, Aug. 9, 1953, R11; “A Challenge to Free Enterprise,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 5 (1954): 33; advertisement, Bus
Scrn 18, no. 7 (1957): 5. HOLDINGS: AFANA, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Science film positioning atomic energy as both a peaceful and a warlike force. Sponsored by
a corporation involved in the nascent nuclear industry, the film is an animated introduction
to atomic energy and designed to be, as a Business Screen reviewer reported, “entertaining
but scientifically accurate.” The periodic table, represented as “Element Town,” depicts each
element in a distinctive shape suggesting its use by humans. Radium, whose giant head resem-
bles an atomic nucleus, decays into an unstable state and begins to jitterbug to the sound of
an old Victrola. The short ends with a majestic atomic giant straddling the earth. Our future,
the narrator says, “depends on man’s wisdom, on his firmness in the use of that power.”
NOTE: This example from GE’s Excursions in Science series presents a portentous message in
a humorous, self-deprecating manner. In its first three years of release, it was seen by more than
12 million people. Ten-minute theatrical version released in 35mm Anscocolor; 15-minute
nontheatrical version, in 16mm Kodachrome. Received a Freedoms Foundation award in
1954 and the Second Grand Award for science films at the Venice Film Festival in 1954.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/isforAto1953.

2. ACCURACY FIRST (ca. 1928, silent, 7 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Western Union Telegraph Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Treasures,
48–51. HOLDINGS: SI/NMAH.
Training film for telegraph operators teaching the value of precision. In the story two women
operators cause financial loss for a customer by chatting on company time and correcting what
they falsely believe to be an error. NOTE: One in a series of Western Union films produced to
standardize telegraph operator training.

3. ACTIVITY GROUP THERAPY (1950, sound, 53 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Jewish Board of Guardians, with funding by Nathan Hofheimer Foundation Inc. PRODUCTION
CO.: Campus Film Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Aug50 MP776; 1954 Catalog, 2. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC/Prelinger.
Training film made for mental health and social workers. Activity Group Therapy explores
the development of socially maladjusted boys, 10 and 11 years old, over 65 weeks of activity
group therapy. Using concealed cameras and microphones, the film records how the subjects
act out their disturbances and documents their interactions with a therapist and with other
boys. A dense and absorbing record of children’s vernacular speech and body language, this

1
 Admiral Cigarette

unrehearsed film argues for encouraging troubled boys to form a club and work things out
themselves. NOTE: Developed at the sponsor’s New York City treatment facility. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Activity1950.

4. ADMIRAL CIGARETTE (1897, silent, 30 sec, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Admiral Cigarette. PRODUCTION CO.: Edison Manufacturing Co. DIRECTOR/PHOTOGRAPHER: William
Heise. RESOURCES: Copyright 5Aug1897 44332; More Treasures, 18–19. HOLDINGS: LC.
Early advertising film. Various national symbols—an American Indian, John Bull, Uncle
Sam—appear in front of an ADMIRAL CIGARETTE sign. A showgirl leaps out to shower ciga-
rettes on the group and unfolds a banner reading WE ALL SMOKE. NOTE: Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/admiral_cigarette.

5. ADVENTURE IN TELEZONIA (1949, sound, 17 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. PUPPETRY: Bil and Cora Baird.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Topics and Sidelights of the Day in Wall Street,” NYT, June 9, 1950,
37; EFG (1953), 559; “Course in How to Use Telephone Rings Bell for Elementary School Children,” CT,
Nov. 17, 1955, W1. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, MacDonald.
One of the Bell Telephone System’s many films instructing the public on proper use of the
telephone. Bobby finds his lost dog with the help of the residents of Telezonia, who teach
him how to use directory assistance, party lines, and proper phone manners. NOTE: Adventure
in Telezonia was the Bairds’ second film for AT&T; “Telezonia” was the name of an instruc-
tional package on good telephone habits that was prepared for schools. It contained this film
as well as practice telephones. A revised version was released in 1969.

6. ADVENTURING IN THE ARTS (1956, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Girl Scouts of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR/EDITOR: Sidney Meyers. RESOURCES:
Copyright 1Apr1956 MP7714; “New Girl Scout Film Inspires Creative Art,” NYT, Apr. 19, 1956, 48; Howard
Thompson, “Newcomers to the 16mm Film Field,” NYT, June 10, 1956, 125. HOLDINGS: LC.
Film produced for Girl Scout leaders that shows ways in which adults can encourage children
to be creative in an age of standardization. After a troop spends an afternoon at a county fair,
the scouts use drawing, painting, and sculpture to describe what they have seen. Howard
Thompson called Adventuring in the Arts a “fine, off-beat little picture that does everyone
concerned proud.” NOTE: Produced in Anscocolor.

7. THE AGE OF CURIOSITY (1963, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Seventeen Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Vavin Inc. DIRECTOR: Gerald Weiler. CAST: Mia Farrow.
RESOURCES: Copyright 20Nov1963 MP14390; “Film for Teens,” CSM, Jan. 6, 1964, 15. HOLDINGS: LC.

Promotional film for Seventeen intended to show how well the magazine knows and serves
its teenage audience. The film observes teenage girls at home, in school, at work and play,
and alone and with friends, zeroing in on teen concerns about dating, marriage, and adult-
hood. At one point, high school newspaper editors fire questions at Seventeen editor in chief
Enid Haupt. NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor. Shot near Philadelphia and at Seventeen’s
New York City office. Mia Farrow is featured in her first screen credit.

8. AIRPORT AMERICA (1954, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of State Aviation Officials. PRODUCTION CO.: Film Originals. PRODUCERS: George
Oliver Smith, Helen Stansfield Smith. NARRATOR: Marx Hartman. RESOURCES: Copyright 17Dec1954 MP5513.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Short advocating airport construction, especially in rural regions, by illustrating the centrality
of aviation in the American economy. Airport America presents a rich panorama of townscapes

2
 America Sails the Seas

and farms and shows how aviation serves business. “The air is the greatest freeway man will
ever know,” says the narrator. “It doesn’t have to be built or maintained. It touches every city
and town.” NOTE: Produced and released in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/AirportA1954.

9. ALASKA’S SILVER MILLIONS (1936, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Can Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Carousel Films. PRODUCER/EDITOR: Beverly Jones. CAMERA:
Nicholas Cavaliere, Father Bernard Hubbard. NARRATOR: Father Bernard Hubbard. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; Living Films, 27; EFG (1949), 494. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Travelogue in three sections narrated by Father Bernard Hubbard, known as the “Glacier
Priest” for his highly publicized Arctic excursions and lectures, and released by a manufacturer
of canning equipment used to pack Alaskan fish. The first segment introduces the regions of
Alaska, the second shows the life cycle of the salmon, and the third illustrates salmon netting
and canning. NOTE: Widely distributed in 16mm, Alaska’s Silver Millions was praised by edu-
cational film users. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/AlaskasS1936.

10. ALBERT IN BLUNDERLAND (1950, sound, 10 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Program, Harding College, with funding by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. RESOURCES: Copyrights 3Jan1950 MP5112 and 15Aug1950
LP347; Irving Spiegel, “Sloan Unit Denies Aid to Extremists,” NYT, Sept. 21, 1964, 31; L. Edward Hicks,
“Sometimes in the Wrong, but Never in Doubt”: George S. Benson and the Education of the New Religious
Right (Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 1994), 63–74; “Better Living,” 176. HOLDINGS: LC.
Animated critique of New Deal–type liberalism. In a dream “Albert,” a worker in a statist
economy, is forced to watch a state-sponsored “free movie” on national planning. On awak-
ening, he is convinced of the failings of excessive government control. NOTE: Produced in
Technicolor and distributed theatrically by MGM, this was among the cartoons in the Fun
and Facts about America series. Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1950. Also distrib-
uted in 16mm and revised in 1961. The Sloan Foundation provided funding to Harding
College for other films extolling free enterprise, including Brink of Disaster (entry 64) and
Make Mine Freedom (entry 246). For more about Harding College, see Gene Blake, “Aims
of Conservative Freedom Groups Told,” LAT, July 2, 1961, B2.

11. ALL MY BABIES: A MIDWIFE’S OWN STORY (1952, sound, 55 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Georgia Dept. of Public Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Medical Audio-Visual Institute, Association of
American Medical Colleges. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/WRITER: George C. Stoney. CAMERA: Peaslee Bond. MUSIC:
Louis Applebaum. EDITOR: Sylvia K. Cummins. CAST: Mary Coley. RESOURCES: Copyright 25Mar1953 MP4939;
1954 Catalog, 3; George Stoney, “All My Babies : Research,” in Film: Book 1: The Audience and the Film-
maker, ed. Robert Hughes (New York: Grove Press, 1959), 79–96; Lynne Jackson, “The Production of George
Stoney’s Film All My Babies: A Midwife’s Own Story (1952),” Film History I (1987): 367–92; Lynne Jackson,
“A Commitment to Social Values and Racial Justice,” Wide Angle 21, no. 2 (1999): 31–40. HOLDINGS: LC,
MacDonald, MoMA, NLM, UCLA.
Portrayal of African American midwives in rural Georgia, with a focus on the work of Mary
Coley in Albany. The film traces the course of pregnancy through birth. NOTE: Although
designed principally for training certified midwives, the film was widely praised and screened
for broader audiences. Selected for the National Film Registry. For more about George Stoney,
see Lynne Jackson, “Filmography,” Wide Angle 21, no. 2 (1999): 168–81.

12. AMERICA SAILS THE SEAS (1946, sound, 32 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: National Federation of American Shipping. PRODUCTION CO.: Palmer Pictures. PRODUCER: Alfred T.
Palmer. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “New Films,” Mod Ind 13 (Mar. 15, 1947): 122; EFG (1951), 331;
Ec Ed, 1. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.

3
 The American Cowboy

Promotional film for the U.S. merchant shipping fleet that emphasizes its importance in war
and peace and argues for expanded foreign trade following World War II. The film includes
scenes of prewar China. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

13. THE AMERICAN COWBOY (1950, sound, 33 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Leo Beebe. CAMERA: Larry
Madison. CAST: Rex Pollock. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “There’s a Ford Film in Your Future,”
Bus Scrn 12, no. 3 (1951): 37. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.
Short promoting the Ford brand without employing explicit advertising. Produced with only
a loose script, the film was shot on location at the Roberson Hereford Ranch near Gunnison,
Colorado, over the course of a year and documents real-life cowboys on the job. NOTE: The
film is part of the Americans at Home series, which strove to record American life without
excessive use of scripting. Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/AmericanCowb. For more about the sponsor’s publicity approach,
see “Ford’s Five-Year Plan,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 8 (1954): 21.

14. AMERICAN FRONTIER (1953, sound, 29 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Oil Industry Information Committee, American Petroleum Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated Film
Producers. DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke. PRODUCER: Richard Leacock. MUSIC: Melvin Powell. NARRATOR: Nils
Halverson. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Along the Highways and Byways of Finance,” NYT, Oct.
11, 1953, F3. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Documentary showing the search for petroleum in the Williston Basin of North Dakota and
the impact of the discovery of oil on the rural region. This humanistic film explores a large,
complex story by showing how it causes small, visible changes in daily life. NOTE: Amerada
Petroleum Corporation discovered oil in April 1951 on the wheat farm worked by the narra-
tor of American Frontier. The film was released on October 11, 1953, to celebrate “Oil Progress
Week.” Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/American1953.

15. AMERICAN HARVEST (1951, sound, 30 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. CAMERA: Gordon
Avil, Pierre Mols, Robert Tavernier. MUSIC: Samuel Benavie. NARRATOR: John Forsythe. RESOURCES: Copyright
26Jun52 MU5468; “American Harvest : Chevrolet’s Epic Technicolor Picture on American Productivity,” Bus
Scrn 13, no. 7 (1952): 37; The Uncharted Landscape, vol. 6, Secret Century. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger,
MacDonald.
Film promoting the automobile industry as a pillar of the American economy. By showing
the number and range of businesses and industries that produce materials for the modern
Chevrolet, American Harvest demonstrates the interdependence of industry, commerce, and
agriculture and argues that large integrated manufacturing enterprises are ideally suited to
satisfy consumer needs. This panoramic survey illuminates national concerns about materials
shortages during the Korean War. NOTE: Revised in 1955 and 1960, American Harvest was
the first offering in an ambitious series that also included American Look (entry 17). The first
version was produced in 35mm Technicolor and released theatrically; all versions were released
nontheatrically in 16mm Technicolor. Version from 1955 viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/American1955.

16. AN AMERICAN IN THE MAKING (1913, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: United States Steel Corp.; United States Bureau of Mines. PRODUCTION CO.: Thanhouser Co.
DIRECTOR: Charles J. Hite. CAST: Harry Benham, Ethyle Cooke, Leland Benham. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; Before Video, 5–6. HOLDINGS: NARA.
Dramatization showing the industrial training and “Americanization” of an immigrant steel-
worker. The film tells the story of a Hungarian who comes to America and finds employment

4
 Americans at Work

at the Illinois Steel Company, where modern industrial safety measures are practiced. The
immigrant improves himself through education, marries a schoolteacher, and becomes thor-
oughly American. NOTE: The film was shot on location on Ellis Island, at U.S. Steel’s facility
in Gary, Indiana, and at the National Tube Works in Lorain, Ohio. Films like An American
in the Making were part of a broad industry campaign to acculturate immigrants; see Gerd
Korman, “Americanization at the Factory Gate,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 18
(Apr. 1965): 396–419.

17. AMERICAN LOOK (1958, sound, 28 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTORS: W.F.
Banes, John Thiele. CAMERA: Roger Fenimore, Pierre Mols, Robert Tavernier. ART DIRECTORS: Robert Mounsey,
Charles Nasca, Otto Simunich. Music: Samuel Benavie, James Higgins, Milton Weinstein. EDITORS: V.L.
Herman, Harold Rogers. RESOURCES: Copyright 29Dec58 MU6546; “Screen Tribute to the Stylist,” Bus Scrn
19, no. 7 (1958): 31; Ralph Caplan, “Industry on the Screen,” Industrial Design 7 (Apr. 1960): 63. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Promotional film celebrating the 1959 Chevrolet automobile line as an exemplar of American
industrial design and styling. American Look highlights the contribution of interior, industrial,
product, and automobile designers to the “populuxe” era; the term was coined by writer
Thomas Hine to describe the late-1950s stylistic fusion of luxury and mass-produced con-
sumer goods. This wide-screen spectacular showcases an array of contemporary architectural
exteriors, interiors, packaging, office equipment, and industrial machines and ends by reveal-
ing designers at work on the 1959 Chevrolet Impala at General Motors’ new Technical Center
in Warren, Michigan. Declaring that “the greatest freedom of the American people is the free-
dom of individual choice,” American Look takes pride in the country’s abundance of consumer
goods and the “customization” made possible by designers. NOTE: Premiered at the 1958
conference of the American Society of Industrial Designers. Produced in Technicolor and
SuperScope. Also released in 16mm Technicolor. Received Freedoms Foundation’s George
Washington Honor Medal Award in 1958. Ralph Caplan characterized American Look as
“a popular film that was unpopular with the designers who saw it, partly because the term
‘stylist’ was used exclusively, and partly because it presented so misleading a picture of how
design gets done.” Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/American1958.
For more about “populuxe” design, see Thomas Hine, Populuxe (New York: Alfred A. Knopf,
1986), 82–106.

18. THE AMERICAN ROAD (1953, sound, 43 min, b&w/color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions. DIRECTOR: George Stoney. WRITER: Joseph
Marsh. MUSIC: Alex North. NARRATOR: Raymond Massey. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Produced to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Model T Ford, The American Road
highlights the role of automobiles, highway construction, and Ford Motor’s leadership in
the development of transportation in the United States. The production mixes archival
footage with reenactments and has a contemporary ending in color. NOTE: Also released
in 16mm. Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1954 and a Golden Reel Award
from the American Film Assembly in 1954. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/american_road_1.

19. AMERICANS AT WORK (1959–60; sound; approx 104 films, 15 min ea; b&w; 16mm)
SPONSOR: Public Relations Dept., American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations.
PRODUCTION CO.: Norwood Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Roscoe Born, “AFL-CIO Slates TV
Campaign to Improve Public View of Unions,” WSJ, July 29, 1958, 15; “Films for Labor,” Bus Scrn 20, no. 5

5
 Anarchy, U.S.A.

(1959): 28–29; Gerald Pomper, “The Public Relations of Organized Labor,” Public Opinion Quarterly 23
(Winter 1959–60): 487. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC.
Series produced by the labor federation to introduce Americans to the industries represented
by the AFL-CIO unions. Titles include Telephone Linemen, Bookbinders, and Subway Workers.
Gerald Pomper wrote, “There is no overt advertising for the labor movement. Instead, the
public is presented the image of clever, skillful, and prosperous workers who ‘keep the wheels
of American industry rolling.’” NOTE: Produced for television broadcast and for 16mm distri-
bution to civic, community, and labor groups, Americans at Work was the AFL-CIO’s response
to the National Association of Manufacturers’ Industry on Parade (entry 203) and to an ongo-
ing Senate investigation of labor union corruption. The films were carried by more than 200
television stations.

20. ANARCHY, U.S.A. (1966, sound, 78 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: John Birch Society. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR/WRITER: G. Edward Griffin. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; Joseph H. Jeppson, “Confusion U.S.A.,” Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought
2 (Spring 1967): 110; Ken Reich, “Birch Anti-Rights Film Creates Southland Stir,” LAT, Oct. 2, 1967, SG1.
HOLDINGS: MacDonald.

Right-wing film arguing that the civil rights movement and urban disturbances of the 1960s
were evidence of a worldwide communist revolution and growing dominance at home. The
polemic warns that communists may be planning to create an independent African American
state. NOTE: Anarchy, U.S.A. incorporates purchased news footage.

21. ANATOMY OF A LIE (1962, sound, 19 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: International Association of Machinists. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR: Gordon Cole.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Robert G. Rodden, The Fighting Machinists: A Century of Struggle
(Washington, DC: Kelly Press, 1984), chap. 60, also available online at www.iamawlodge1426.org/-
hisupdate60.htm. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Refutation of the National Right to Work Committee’s And Women Must Weep (entry 25),
an antiunion film dramatizing a strike in Princeton, Indiana, in 1956–57.

22. AND SO THEY LIVE (1940, sound, 22 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. PRODUCTION COS.: Educational Film Institute, New York University;
University of Kentucky. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS: John Ferno, Julian Roffman. WRITERS: John Ferno, Edwin
Locke, Julian Roffman. MUSIC: Lee Gron. EDITOR: Irving Lerner. NARRATORS: George Tiplady, House Jamison.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 27; EFG (1949), 340; Ec Ed, 2; Film Forum Review staff,
“And So They Live,” in Ideas, 158. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Stark, realistic documentary showing poorly educated “mountain peoples” living in poverty
and stricken with disease. Their solace comes in strong family bonds and the prospect of
improved educational opportunities. NOTE: Shot in Kentucky, the film was made in conjunc-
tion with The Children Must Learn (entry 75). John Ferno had been a cameraman for Joris
Ivens and Henri Storck. Irving Lerner had a lengthy career as a producer, editor, and direc-
tor; see Thomas J. Brandon, “Irving Lerner: A Filmography and Bibliography,” Cinema
Journal 18 (Autumn 1978): 53–60.

23. AND TEN THOUSAND MORE (1951, sound, 10 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Housing Authority, City of Los Angeles. PRODUCTION CO.: Dept. of Cinema, University of Southern
California. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS: Algernon G. Walker, Gene Petersen. NARRATOR: Chet Huntley. CAST: Harold
C. Hillhouse. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Antidote for Housing Propaganda,” LAT, Jan. 23, 1952,
A4. HOLDINGS: UCLA, USC.
Student film sponsored by an urban housing authority advocating the financing of public
housing. In the story a newspaper editor sends his reporter to investigate the low-income

6
 Angry Boy

housing shortage in Los Angeles. Visiting slums in central L.A., the reporter finds decaying
dwellings, some without plumbing and heating. The film contrasts them with the sturdy
pre–World War II city housing projects that continue to provide a healthy environment for
their residents. And Ten Thousand More takes its title from the number of new housing units
reportedly required by L.A. residents. NOTE: The film was broadcast and screened at public
meetings during the postwar public housing debate in L.A.

24. AND THEN THERE WERE FOUR (1950, sound, 24 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS: General Petroleum Corp.; Socony-Vacuum Oil Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Roland Reed Productions Inc.
DIRECTOR: Frank Strayer. PRODUCER: Guy V. Thayer Jr. WRITER: Charles “Cap” Palmer. MUSIC: Eliot Daniel.
NARRATOR: James Stewart. RESOURCES: Copyright 26Apr1950 LP248; “And Then There Were Four,” Bus Scrn
11, no. 5 (1950): 22. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.
Driving safety film sponsored as a public service by oil companies. Of five drivers who leave
home in the morning, only four return, and we wait to learn who the victim is. The film
gives considerable discussion to careless driving habits and depicts Angelenos from different
walks of life as well as their homes, neighborhoods, streets, and freeways. NOTE: And Then
There Were Four was shown theatrically in first-run houses before being distributed on the
nontheatrical circuit and released in 16mm. Received an award from the National Committee
on Films for Safety in 1950. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/-
and_then_there_were_four.

25. AND WOMEN MUST WEEP (1962, sound, 26 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: National Right to Work Committee. PRODUCTION CO.: Gentron Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright
8July1962 LP22540; George Bliss, “NLRB Election Upset Because of Use of Film,” CT, May 9, 1963, A1;
Joseph A. Pichler and H. Gordon Fitch, “And Women Must Weep: The NLRB as Film Critic,” Industrial and
Labor Relations Review 28 (April 1975): 395–410; Robert G. Rodden, The Fighting Machinists: A Century of
Struggle (Washington, DC: Kelly Press, 1984), chap. 60, also available online at www.iamawlodge1426.org/-
hisupdate60.htm. HOLDINGS: LC.
Antiunion film dramatizing a strike staged by the International Association of Machinists in
Princeton, Indiana, in 1956–57. NOTE: The film was based on a fictionalized pamphlet by
Rev. Edward Greenfield, an antistrike movement leader who worked as a propagandist for a
right-to-work organization in California. And Women Must Weep was used to counter union
organizing campaigns; in 1963, the National Labor Relations Board nullified a union repre-
sentation election because the film was shown beforehand. The IAM answered with Anatomy
of a Lie (entry 21).

26. ANGRY BOY (1950, sound, 33 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Michigan State Dept. of Mental Health; Mental Health Film Board. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated
Film Producers. DIRECTOR: Alexander Hammid. PRODUCER/WRITER: Irving Jacoby. CAMERA: Peter Glushanok.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Lucy Freeman, “Romulo Reminds World of Bataan,” NYT, Dec. 7,
1950, 24; unsigned review, Ed Scrn 30 (June 1951): 234–35; William C. Bessey, review, The Coordinator 1
(Mar. 1952): 13–14. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, NLM, Prelinger, UGA.
Simple, affecting case study produced for social workers and psychologists and illustrating
how counseling can help children come to terms with anger. Young Tommy Randall has been
caught stealing money from his teacher’s purse and receives help from a psychiatrist. A psy-
chiatric social worker enables his mother to better understand her relationship with her son.
This sensitive documentary is filled with revealing behavioral details. NOTE: Shot in the Huron
Valley Child Guidance Clinic near Ann Arbor, Michigan. Also released in 16mm. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/AngryBoy1950. Known for his avant-
garde works, Alexander Hammid made other psychological films in the 1950s, including
Marriage Today, and also produced large-format films for expositions and museums.

7
 Art in the Negro Schools

27. ART IN THE NEGRO SCHOOLS (1940, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Harmon Foundation. CAMERA: Kenneth F. Space. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; Negro Year, 455. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Educational film surveying the instruction of the fine and performing arts at leading African
American institutions, including Calhoun, Dillard, Fisk, Hampton, and Howard. The film
argues that exposure to theater, music, dance, and the fine arts produces well-rounded stu-
dents and enriches their lives. NOTE: Art in the Negro Schools was part of the sponsor’s Negro
Education for American Living series. The foundation provided funds for parks, established
the Religious Film Association, improved educational opportunities for African Americans,
and fostered awareness of African and African American art.

28. THE ART OF SHIP BUILDING IN 1930 (1930; silent; 57 parts, 1 reel ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: Mariners.

Series produced to train shipyard workers in modern naval construction techniques. These
beautifully photographed films carefully document the stages of ship construction and include
scenes of the workforce at the sponsor’s Virginia facility.

29. AS THE TWIG IS BENT (1943, sound, 11 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Aetna Casualty and Surety Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Motion Picture Bureau, Affiliated Aetna Life
Companies. RESOURCES: Copyright 15Dec1943 MP14892; EFG (1947), 203; Mental Hygiene, 120–21. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Aetna’s contribution to the wartime campaign to fight crime and juvenile delinquency on
the home front. Produced as a public service, this semidocumentary film with dramatized
sequences exposes the problem of “latchkey children,” whose parents work night shifts, and
argues for closer supervision of teenagers. It also illustrates the dangers posed by “Victory
Girls,” who entice servicemen into compromising situations. NOTE: Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/AstheTwi1943.

30. ASK DADDY (1923, silent, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Safety Council. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Oct23 MP2336;
“Charging Failure of Support, Safety Council to Disband,” Wash Post, July 2, 1924, 12; EFC (1936), 37.
HOLDINGS: Not reported.

Safety film for children that exposes dangers in the home, on the street, and around firearms.
Ask Daddy contrasts perils posed by contemporary life with those of “caveman days.” NOTE:
In Washington, D.C., alone, approximately 20,000 schoolchildren saw the film.

31. ASK ME, DON’T TELL ME (1960, sound, 21 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: American Friends Service Committee. Director/Producer: David Myers. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, Prelinger.
Exploration of juvenile delinquency in San Francisco featuring interviews with teenagers
from different racial and ethnic groups about their neighborhoods and gangs. The documen-
tary offers community projects, such as the “Youth for Service” program, as a constructive
way to draw teenagers back into the community. Ask Me, Don’t Tell Me is a revealing por-
trayal of multicultural San Francisco through the eyes of disenfranchised residents. NOTE:
Received first prize in the “Film as Communication” competition at the San Francisco
International Film Festival in 1960.

32. THE ATOM AND EVE (1966, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Connecticut Yankee Atomic Power Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Bay State Film Productions Inc. RESOURCES:

8
 The Awakening of John Bond

Copyright not registered; Lin Nelson, “Promise Her Everything: The Nuclear Power Industry’s Agenda for
Women,” Feminist Studies 10 (Summer 1984): 291–92. HOLDINGS: See note.
A soft-sell argument to women for building an investor-owned nuclear power plant in
Connecticut. To illustrate the increasing need for electricity, the live-action film follows
Eve from infancy to womanhood and parallels her growing use of electrical appliances with
that of millions of other “Eve”s across the region. Lin Nelson wrote, “Eve dances, flits, and
demurely gyrates through a world charged with electricity and rich with all the wonders of
a dream house.” NOTE: Distributed by Green Mountain Post Films, www.gmpfilms.com.

33. THE ATOM COMES TO TOWN (1957, sound, 29 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Chamber of Commerce of the United States. PRODUCTION CO.: Muller, Jordan & Herrick. RESOURCES:
Copyright 25Jun57 MP8235; “Peacetime Roles for the Atom,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 5 (1957): 37. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC.
Promotional film showing the role of atomic energy in medicine, agriculture, industry, and re-
search and the potential for nuclear-generated electrical power. NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor.

34. ATTACK ON THE AMERICAS (1980, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Security Council Foundation for the Coalition for Peace Through Strength. PRODUCTION
CO.: Wentworth Films Inc. DIRECTOR/EDITOR: Sandra W. Bradley. RESOURCES: Copyright 22Dec80 PA-92-056;
“Latin Unrest Called a Peril to U.S.,” NYT, Dec. 17, 1980, A4. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.
Short suggesting that the Central American conflicts of the era were an indicator of Soviet-
Cuban expansionism and a threat to American interests. The piece warns that Soviet-Cuban
influence could spread throughout Central and South America and northward. Appearing are
Ronald Reagan, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Henry Kissinger, and Alfonso Robelo, a former Sandinista
leader. NOTE: Produced for television and for nontheatrical viewing. Updated in 1982.

35. AUTOPSY ON OPERATION ABOLITION (1961, sound, 61 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Catechetical Guild. PRODUCTION CO.: Impact Films. DIRECTOR: Fred Barnes. NARRATOR: Rev. Louis J.
Twomey. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Lawrence Laurent, “Autopsy Could Set Up the Funeral for
Operation Abolition,” Washington Post and Times Herald, Mar. 15, 1962, D8; “Catholic Film Gives Views on
Coast Riot,” NYT, May 3, 1962, 16. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.
Dissection of the film Operation Abolition, which was produced by the House Un-American
Activities Committee to show communist involvement in the protests sparked by its 1960
hearings held in San Francisco. Autopsy on Operation Abolition includes an interview with his-
torian Henry Nash Smith, who attacks Operation Abolition as “a deliberate falsification” but
is sympathetic to its anticommunist viewpoint. NOTE: The Catechetical Guild is a Roman
Catholic educational organization.

36. THE AWAKENING OF JOHN BOND (1911, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A.
Edison Inc. DIRECTOR: Charles Brabin. WRITER: Bannister Merwin. CAST: Mary Fuller, Harold M. Shaw, Bigelow
Cooper, Miriam Nesbitt. RESOURCES: Copyright 5Dec1911 J164290-93; “Picture Show as Educator,” LAT,
June 16, 1912, II6; Boyd Fisher, “Motion Pictures to Make Good Citizens,” Am City 7 (Sept. 1912): 236–37;
Martin S. Pernick, “Thomas Edison’s Tuberculosis Films: Mass Media and Health Propaganda,” Hastings
Center Report 8 (June 1978): 21–27. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Narrative commissioned by a national advocacy group to encourage the prevention of tubercu-
losis, then a leading cause of death in the United States. In this melodrama John Bond refuses
to improve living conditions in a tenement that he owns. However, when his wife contracts
tuberculosis, he sees the error of his ways and joins the fight against the disease. NOTE: One
of many early public health films shown free in selected American cities. Twenty thousand
were said to have seen this title during its first week of exhibition in New York City parks.

9
 Back of the Mike

37. BACK OF THE MIKE (1938, sound, 9 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Div., General Motors Sales Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization.
RESOURCES: Copyright 31Oct38 and 5Nov38 MU8901. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Advertising film promoting Chevrolet while providing a humorous, behind-the-scenes look

at the production of radio programming. As a boy listens to a Western, the radio actors and
technicians are seen in the studio making the sound effects. The sheriff ’s posse catches the
robbers with the aid of a Chevrolet. NOTE: Primarily intended for theatrical screening, Back
of the Mike was part of the Direct Mass Selling series. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Backofth1938.

38. BACK TO THE OLD FARM (1912, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: International Harvester Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Essanay Film Mfg. Co. PRODUCER: Frank W. Heiskell.
WRITER: E.L. Barker. CAST: Beverley Bayne, William Bailey, E.H. Calvert, Frank Dayton. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; “Back to the Old Farm,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 4 (1938): 16; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures
—Not for Theatres,” Ed Scrn 19 (May 1941): 200, 223; John W. Branta, “Rural America and the Screen,”
Bus Scrn 8, no. 7 (1947): 23–24; Before Video, 49–50. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Film outlining the advantages of modern farm equipment. John Branta pronounced Back to
the Old Farm “the first full length reel industrial motion picture made in America.” NOTE:
Sometimes referred to as Back to the Farm, the film was reissued in 1940 as a comedy with
an added soundtrack. By 1915, International Harvester had established a distribution service
providing free film loans to rural communities; see “International Harvester: A Pioneer of
1911 Shows the Way in 1938,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 1 (1938): 14.

39. THE BALTIMORE PLAN (1953, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Baltimore Redevelopment Commission; Fight Blight Fund Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Encyclopaedia
Britannica Films. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS/WRITERS: Selma Weisenborn, John Barnes. CAMERA: Louis Clyde
Stoumen. RESOURCES: Copyright 13Apr53 MP3983; “Nonprofit Concern Fights Slums,” CSM, Sept. 11, 1953,
10. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, MacDonald, UCLA.
Short detailing how the City of Baltimore overcame lethargy to launch a slum rehabilitation
campaign. NOTE: Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1953. John Barnes made films
for Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, which produced and distributed The Baltimore Plan at
the urging of the Fight Blight Fund. For a list of Barnes’s films, see Geoff Alexander, “Barnes’
Filmography,” Academic Film Archive of North America, www.afana.org/barnesfilmog.htm.

40. BANANAS? SI, SEÑOR! (1956, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: United Fruit Co. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. MUSIC: Les Baxter. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Film Gives Solution to Red Menace,” Wash Post, May 17, 1956, 37; “United Fruit on the
Screen,” Bus Scrn 17, no. 3 (1957): 35. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Introduction to the banana industry that blends live action and animation. The short promotes
United Fruit’s “industrial integration” and contribution to the Central American economy.
NOTE: Bananas? Si, Señor! is reported to have been seen by more than 14 million people in
eight months. Produced in Eastmancolor. Companion to The Living Circle (entry 231). For
more about the sponsor’s campaign, see Edmund S. Whitman, “Fruit Company Staff Keeps
Public Informed of Firm’s Doings,” CSM, Aug. 9, 1958, 12.

41. BASEBALL (1938, sound, 41 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: National League of Professional Baseball Clubs; General Mills Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Burton
Holmes Films Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “National League Movies Take a Chapter out of
Baseball History,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 3 (1938): 24; “Baseball and Wheaties,” Pr Ink 185 (Dec. 8, 1938): 23–24;
EFC (1939), 230. HOLDINGS: GEH.
Introduction to America’s favorite sport that was sponsored by the producer of Wheaties

10
 Behind Your Radio Dial

cereal, the “Breakfast of Champions.” Baseball discusses the origin, history, and technique
of the game and positions it as a healthy activity for youths. The National League ballplayers
are shown eating Wheaties. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm to schools, clubs, and commu-
nity groups.

42. BAY AT THE MOON (1959, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Remington Arms Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: Prelinger.

One of the many hunting films sponsored by the arms manufacturer, Bay at the Moon con-
sists of three vignettes illustrating hunting practices in different regions. Accompanied by
folk music and minimal narration, this fascinating urban view of rural folkways presents
firearm use as a vital part of country life. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

43. BEHIND THE CUP (1939, sound, 40 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Hills Bros. Coffee Inc. PRODUCERS/CAMERA: Ken Allen, T. Carroll Wilson. RESOURCES:
Copyright 23Aug39 MU9607; “Behind the Cup in Cinecolor Proves Hit Show in the West,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 1
(1939): 26–27; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1,
1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: SI/NMAH, UCLA.
Promotional film created for the 1939 San Francisco World’s Fair. Based on an earlier film
by company photographer and filmmaker Ken Allen, Behind the Cup tells the story of Hills
Bros. Coffee from cultivation in El Salvador to roasting and blending at the San Francisco
plant. Company employees handled every aspect of its production. “A unique feature in con-
nection with the showing of Behind the Cup,” commented Business Screen, “is the introduction
of coffee aroma into the theatre through the ventilating system at a point in the picture where
the action shows a can of Hills Bros. coffee being opened.” NOTE: Shot in Cinecolor.

44. BEHIND THE FREEDOM CURTAIN (1957, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Automatic Voting Machine Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: McLarty Productions. CAST: Robert E. Horrocks,
William D. Ellis. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film by an automatic voting machine manufacturer. In contrast to old-fashioned
paper balloting, the machines are shown as easy-to-use, accurate, and honest. NOTE: Behind
the Freedom Curtain was shot around Jamestown, New York. Produced in Kodachrome. View-
able online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Behindth1957.

45. BEHIND THE SCENES AT HUTZLER’S (1938, silent, 14 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Hutzler’s. PRODUCTION CO.: Stark Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: Maryland.

Informal staff portrait sponsored by the Baltimore department store to celebrate its 50th
anniversary. This picture takes pleasure in the company’s esprit de corps and shows the employ-
ees dining in the cafeteria, posing for the camera, playing quoits, and enjoying themselves at
an in-house party and talent show. In the spirit of fun, Behind the Scenes at Hutzler’s also
takes a good-natured swipe at top managers trying to lose weight. The concluding intertitle
reads, “THE END OF A PERFECT DAY (EVERY DAY–AT HUTZLER’S).”

46. BEHIND YOUR RADIO DIAL (1947, sound, 24 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Broadcasting Co. PRODUCTION CO.: RKO-Pathé. DIRECTOR: Edward J. Montagne. CAST:
Arturo Toscanini, H.V. Kaltenborn, Fibber McGee, Fred Allen. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “NBC
Orders 500 Prints of Film on Radio for National Distribution,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 3 (1949): 8. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC/Prelinger.
A comprehensive, behind-the-scenes tour of NBC’s radio, television, and sound recording
studios at Rockefeller Center in New York City. NOTE: Distributed theatrically and nonthe-

11
 The Benefactor

atrically and broadcast by NBC television stations. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/BehindYo1947.

47. THE BENEFACTOR (1917, silent, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: General Electric Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1936), 92; “General
Electric: A Visual Pioneer,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 5 (1938): 17; “Exposition Pays Its Homage to the Wizard of Menlo
Park,” NYT, Aug. 13, 1939, 26. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film linking the sponsor with its founder, Thomas Alva Edison. The Benefactor recounts the
celebrated inventor’s biography, emphasizing his early career and invention of the incandescent
lamp. NOTE: The film was shot with Edison’s approval in a studio built at General Electric’s
plant in Schenectady, New York. It was later distributed in a two-reel silent version and as a
one-reel sound short titled The Great Benefactor.

48. THE BEST MADE PLANS (1956, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Dow Chemical Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Dallas Jones Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
EFG (1954–58), 32. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film for Saran plastic wrap, a Dow Chemical product. Targeting home econom-
ics classes, women’s clubs, and community groups, The Best Made Plans follows a weekend in
the life of a typical suburban family, during which plastic wrap is used for almost every con-
ceivable purpose. With the housewife as field marshal, the husband as passive bumbler, and
the young daughter as princess, the film suggests that successful households depend on the
near-infinite functionalities of plastic wrap. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome and released in
Eastmancolor. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/BestMade1956.

49. THE BIG CITY (1956, sound, 25 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: City of St. Louis. PRODUCTION CO.: Charles Guggenheim & Associates. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Charles
Guggenheim. PRODUCER: Richard Hefferon. CAMERA: Victor Duncan. MUSIC: St. Louis Symphony Orchestra.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “St. Louis Taxpayers Get Film Report,” Am City 71 (June 1956): 16–18;
Howard Thompson, “New Arrivals in the 16mm Field,” NYT, June 9, 1957, 125. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
St. Louis’s annual report to taxpayers. The Big City visually illustrated how tax dollars were
put to good use and was considered a “graphic, fluent and compact documentary” by Howard
Thompson. NOTE: Sixteen prints were made for exhibition by schools, civic organizations,
and church groups. For more on the filmmaker, see Shelby Coffey III, “Politics as an Art
Form: Guggenheim and the Movies,” Wash Post, Feb. 9, 1969, 262.

50. BIG IDEA (1951, sound, 53 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Swift & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR: Edward M. Grabill. WRITER:
James Prindle. CAMERA: John Niklasch. EDITOR: John Cook. MUSIC: Benny Kyte. CAST: Veronica Pataky,
Milburn Stone, James Bannon. RESOURCES: Copyright 15Mar51 LP894; “20,000 Swift Workers to Be Party
Guests,” CT, Apr. 8, 1951, WA9; “Swift Premieres Big Idea,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 2 (1951): 64; “Vast Audience
Hears Freedom’s Ring,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 3 (1951): 29–31; Ray Vicker, “Business Movies, with Low-Keyed
Promotion, Win Big TV Audience,” WSJ, June 25, 1954, 1. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.
Pro–free enterprise parable sponsored by the large meatpacker as part of a widespread “eco-
nomic education” campaign. In the dramatization, a woman reporter from an iron curtain
country and an American newspaperman, a “fellow traveler,” tour a Swift plant and visit
workers’ homes. Together they come to realize that capitalism is the system that provides the
greatest degree of worker freedom. NOTE: The cast included an estimated 130 Swift employ-
ees. Some 28,000 workers and friends attended four screenings at Chicago’s International
Amphitheater. Thirty- and 28-minute versions were released for noncommercial screening
and broadcast. In the first two years of release, Big Idea reached 3.5 million moviegoers and
13 million television viewers.

12
 Boil Your Water

51. BIRTH OF A BABY (1937, sound, 72 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Committee on Maternal Welfare Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Special Pictures Corp. DIRECTOR:
Al E. Christie. PRODUCER: Jack H. Skirball. WRITERS: Arthur L. Jarrett, Burke Symon. CAMERA: George Webber.
EDITOR: Sam Citron. CAST: Eleanor King, Richard Gordon, Ruth Matteson, William Post Jr. RESOURCES: Copy-
right LP7675 1Jun37; “Film on a Birth Put Up to Regents,” NYT, Mar. 20, 1938, 48; “Birth of a Baby Aims to
Reduce Infant Mortality Rate,” Life, Apr. 11, 1938, 33–37; “Regents Uphold Ban on Birth Movie,” NYT, Apr.
15, 1938, 17; “Bar White House Showing of Film Birth of a Baby,” CT, Apr. 19, 1938, 3; Nelson Bell, “Debated
Film Now on View at the Rialto,” Wash Post, Oct. 6, 1938, X15; Bosley Crowther, “Learning by Seeing,”
NYT, Apr. 24, 1938, 149; Geraldine Sartain, “The Cinema Explodes the Stork Myth,” Journal of Educational
Sociology 12 (Nov. 1938): 142–46; Sex Ed, 59–62; Exploitation, 187–91. HOLDINGS: UCLA.
Film commissioned by a committee representing 16 medical and maternal welfare organiza-
tions to disseminate information to prospective parents on prenatal health and the care of
newborns. Birth of a Baby begins with a lecture on prenatal care and shows the birth of a
child in close-up. “We gave dramatic continuity to a shelf of medical textbooks,” said pro-
ducer Jack Skirball in an interview reported in the New York Times (April 24, 1938). NOTE:
Birth attracted the ire of censorship boards. When Life magazine published stills from the
movie on April 11, 1938, the issue was banned from newsstands in scores of cities, a move
that prompted newspaper editorials to come out in favor of the film. Eleanor Roosevelt an-
nounced that there would be a screening at the White House, but the showing was squelched.
Although the film eventually played theatrically in 15 states, it was enjoined from public
exhibition in some areas and only screened in New York State beginning in 1942, after the
birth scene was removed.

52. BITTER WELCOME (1958, sound, 36 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Mental Health Film Board. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated Film Producers. DIRECTOR: Irving Jacoby.
WRITERS: Irving Jacoby, Millard Smith. CAMERA: Richard Leacock. EDITOR: Paul Falkenberg. CAST: Paul S.
Hostetler, Milton Schneider, Virginia S. Hostetler, John Costello. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
EFL (1978), 582. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Psychologically sophisticated drama, produced for mental health and social professionals,
about the struggle of a discharged mental hospital patient to adjust to his new construction
job and win the acceptance of his fellow workers. NOTE: Also released in 16mm.

53. BLAME IT ON LOVE (1940, sound, feature-length, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Edison General Electric Appliance Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR:
Wallace Fox. MUSIC: Marvin Hatley. CAST: Joan Marsh, John King, Nella Walker, Cissy Loftus. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Hotpoint Dealers Present Blame It on Love,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 4 (1940): 14–15;
“Leading Sales Films of 1939–40 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 47 (Oct. 10, 1940): 64–68.
HOLDINGS: MacDonald.

Narrative promoting the sponsor’s Hotpoint appliance line. The plot involves a wealthy man-
ufacturing heir who elopes with a nightclub singer who can’t cook. When the couple break
up, the singer goes to cooking school, learns how to use Hotpoint appliances, and prepares
the perfect meal for her estranged husband. They reunite and the accomplished cook earns
the respect of her formerly unsupportive in-laws. The film includes scenes of a television pro-
gram promoting the Hotpoint electric range. NOTE: Reginald Leborg directed the musical
sequences. Also distributed in 16mm.

54. BOIL YOUR WATER (1911, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York City Dept. of Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Pathé Frères. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“What Science Is Learning from the Motion Camera,” Atlan Con, Apr. 28, 1912, C7; Boyd Fisher, “Motion
Pictures to Make Good Citizens,” Am City 7 (Sept. 1912): 236. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Early microphotography film that makes the case for boiling water by revealing the tiny

13
 Booked for Safekeeping

organisms living in the untreated liquid. “Nothing could convey to the mind of either chil-
dren or adults the folly of drinking such fluid than the succession of horrors that wriggle
and writhe on the screen,” wrote a reporter in the Atlanta Constitution.

55. BOOKED FOR SAFEKEEPING (1960, sound, 31 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Louisiana Association for Mental Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Stoney Associates. DIRECTOR: George
Stoney. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Training film for police officers explaining how to recognize and handle the mentally disturbed
and developmentally disabled. At the time of the film’s making, the police were generally the
first responders in psychiatric emergencies. The film uses dramatized scenes featuring New
Orleans police officers and nonprofessional actors to illustrate how to communicate and con-
trol anxious, confused, and possibly violent people. NOTE: Based on a pamphlet by Lloyd
Rowland, director of the Louisiana Association for Mental Health. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Bookedfo1960.

56. BOULDER DAM: THE PICTORIAL RECORD OF MAN’S CONQUEST

OF THE COLORADO RIVER (ca. 1937, sound, 35 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS/PRODUCTION COS.: Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Dept. of the Interior; Six Companies Inc.; Babcock &
Wilcox Co. EDITOR: Dowling and Brownell. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Expansive film surveying the construction of Hoover Dam, a key Depression-era public
works project, and the building of Boulder City, the new town created for project workers.
NOTE: Also known by the title A Report on Hoover Dam Project by a Committee of the
Associated General Contractors of America and the American Engineering Council. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/BoulderD1931.

57. BOY IN COURT (1940, sound, 12 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Probation Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Willard Pictures Inc. DIRECTOR: David H. Lion.
PRODUCER: Edward C. Kienle. WRITER: Robert T. Furman Jr. CAMERA: Thomas W. Willard. NARRATOR: Niles
Welch. RESOURCES: Copyright 25Oct40 LP10091. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Advocacy film encouraging communities to establish probation services and become more
involved in the juvenile justice system. A detailed look at the workings of juvenile court,
Boy in Court follows the life of a delinquent charged with auto theft. Because of the timely
intervention of a probation officer, Johnny reforms and considers a career in aviation. A
product of the New Deal ethos, this film takes place in a progressive, engaged community
with a juvenile court and a probation system. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/BoyinCou1940.

58. BOY MEETS DOG (1938, sound, 10 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Bristol-Myers Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Caravel Films. DIRECTOR: Walter Lantz. MUSIC: Frank Churchill.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “This Animating Business,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 1 (1938): 24; “Reaching
the Consumer with Films,” Pr Ink Mon 37 (July 1938): 71. HOLDINGS: LC.
Animated short promoting Bristol-Myers’s Ipana toothpaste. The cartoon uses characters from
Gene Byrne’s comic strip, Reg’lar Fellers. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor, Boy Meets Dog was
said to have been one of the most expensive commercials ever made for theatrical distribution
as an “added attraction.” For more about Caravel Films, see Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion
Pictures—Not for Theatres,” Ed Scrn 18 (Dec. 1939): 363.

59. BOY WITH A KNIFE (1955, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Los Angeles Community Chest. PRODUCTION CO.: Dudley Pictures Corp. DIRECTOR: Laslo Benedek.
NARRATOR: Richard Widmark. CAST: Chuck Connors. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC/Prelinger.

14
 Bridging San Francisco Bay

Drama arguing for more sympathetic treatment of troubled adolescents. A social worker
reaches out to Jerry, a disturbed youngster in an unhappy home dominated by an uncaring
stepmother. During a melodramatic confrontation, Jerry takes out his anger by attacking sofa
cushions with a switchblade. Shot like a low-budget Hollywood feature, the film mirrors the
period’s growing concern with juvenile delinquency. NOTE: Boy with a Knife was made as a
fund-raiser for the Los Angeles Community Chest and distributed widely. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Boywitha1956.

60. BREAKFAST PALS (ca. 1940, sound, 1 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: W.K. Kellogg Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Cartoon Films Ltd. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; adver-
tisement, Bus Scrn 2, no. 6 (1940): 6. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Theatrical cartoon pitching Rice Krispies breakfast cereal. In this precursor of the animated
television commercial, Snap, Crackle, and Pop, the Breakfast Pals of the title, introduce them-
selves and overcome their foes Soggy, Mushy, and Toughy. The “minute movie” ends with a
close-up of a crackling bowl of Rice Krispies. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Breakfas1939. Cartoon Films’ roster of clients
included Shell Oil and Kraft Cheese.

61. BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION (1950, sound, 42 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: American Cancer Society; National Cancer Institute, U.S. Public Health Service. PRODUCTION CO.:
Audio Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Jun50 MP159; “Clinics in Homes for Cancer Urged,” NYT,
Oct. 4, 1950, 35; Ida Jean Kain, “Cancer Movie Demonstrates New, Simple Health Habit,” LAT, May 4, 1951,
C2; “Life Saver,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 1 (1952): 49; Walter Ross, “Motion Pictures Worth 10,000 Lives,” Bus
Scrn 20, no. 2 (1959): 28–31. HOLDINGS: LC.
First breast-cancer-awareness film released for wide distribution. Promoting self-examination
as an early detection technique, the film shows women how to check for breast cancer symp-
toms. NOTE: The ACS reported 1,300 prints in circulation in the first year of release. The film
was said to have reached 1 million women over the age of 35. Also distributed in a 16-minute
version. Revised version, Time and Two Women, released in 1958.

62. THE BRIDGE (1944, sound, 30 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Foreign Policy Association, with funding from Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.:
Documentary Film Associates. PRODUCER/DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke. WRITER: Ben Maddow. CAMERA: Fred
Porrett. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Film to Cite Riches of South America,” NYT, Dec. 30, 1941, 6;
“Mass of South Americans Found Pro–United Nations,” CSM, Nov. 21, 1942, 8; EFG (1945), 416; Raymond
Spottiswoode, “The Bridge,” in Ideas, 236; Ec Ed, 5. HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Internationalist film exploring the economic and political importance of Latin America to
the United States. A document of the “Good Neighbor Policy” era, The Bridge shows the
endemic poverty and recent industrialization of Latin America and looks to such postwar
advances as air travel, the “bridge” that will eventually link the United States with its neigh-
bors to the south. The New York Times quoted Willard Van Dyke as saying, “We cannot ex-
pect to do much trade with South America in the long run if we do not help our Southern
neighbors develop a buying power.”

63. BRIDGING SAN FRANCISCO BAY (1937, sound, 60 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Bridge Div., United States Steel Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 168. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, SI/NMAH.

Dramatic documentary showing the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge.
Focusing on the dangerous task of winding the suspension cables, Bridging San Francisco Bay
appears to have been shot, for the most part, with a handheld camera from atop scaffolds and

15
 Brink of Disaster

towers. Much of the “ground-level” footage was shot by Ken Allen of Hills Bros. Coffee, which
had its headquarters near the San Francisco anchorage. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. A 17-
minute version is viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Bridging1937.

64. BRINK OF DISASTER (1972, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Program, Harding College. PRODUCTION CO.: Jerry Fairbanks Productions.
DIRECTOR: John Florea. WRITER: Leo S. Rosencrans. CAMERA: Emil Oster. ART DIRECTOR: Jim Schoppe.
EDITOR: William R. Lieb. CAST: Ed Nelson, Gary Crabbe. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Conservative drama bemoaning the national “breakdown of moral, religious, and ethical
principles.” In a college library attacked by protesters, current-day student John Smith is vis-
ited by his forebear, the John Smith of 1776, who laments that America is threatened with
destruction by “young hooligans.” The two John Smiths debate radicalism, drugs, sexuality,
freedom of speech, and pornography. As protesters break into the library, the film concludes
in a freeze-frame title: “WILL YOU LET THIS BE THE END?” NOTE: A sequel was titled Tragedy or
Hope. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/BrinkofD1972.

65. BROTHERHOOD OF MAN (1947, sound, 11 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Auto Workers. PRODUCTION CO.: United Productions of America. DIRECTOR: Robert Cannon.
WRITERS: Ring Lardner Jr., Maurice Rapf, Phil Eastman. MUSIC: Paul Smith. ANIMATION: John Hubley.
RESOURCES: Copyright 18Jun47 MP2709; Bosley Crowther, “McBoing Boing, Magoo and Bosustow,” NYT,
Dec. 21, 1952, SM14; “Broyhill Calls Disputed Films Red Propaganda,” Wash Post, May 3, 1963, C6; Film
Forum Review staff, “Brotherhood of Man,” in Ideas, 216. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Animated film speaking out for racial tolerance. Using small green demons to caricature
racial prejudice, the cartoon argues that the only real difference among the races is skin color
and that underneath, all people are the same. Bosley Crowther wrote that the UAW, seeking
to widen labor support in the auto industry, sponsored the film “to counteract a critical
race-relations problem among the workers in Detroit.” NOTE: Based on the pamphlet Races
of Mankind by Ruth Benedict and Gene Weltfish, Brotherhood of Man premiered at the
Museum of Modern Art. Anticommunists attacked the film because of the involvement of
known leftists, such as Ring Lardner Jr., one of the “Hollywood Ten,” and Maurice Rapf, a
blacklisted screenwriter who helped organize the Screen Writers Guild. For more on similar
labor-sponsored films of the period, see “The UAW-CIO Pioneers Use of Films among
Labor Unions,” Bus Scrn 6, no. 4 (1945): 46; and Selling, 125.

66. BUY AT HOME CAMPAIGN (1937, sound, 13 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Unknown. PRODUCTION CO.: Blaché Screen Service. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Michael Blaché. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: Wallowa.
Film apparently sponsored by local merchants that urges consumers to “buy at home” and
support the community. Made in Enterprise, Oregon, by a San Francisco–based producer,
the film shows local shops, proprietors and staff, civil servants, and Civilian Conservation
Corps workers. As an intertitle reminds, “United we stand, and united we succeed…. Ladies
and gentlemen, support wholeheartedly your local merchant.” NOTE: The Library of Congress
reports holding a similar film made for Burlingame, California.

67. CALHOUN SCHOOL, THE WAY TO A BETTER FUTURE (1940, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Harmon Foundation. CAMERA: Kenneth F. Space. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; EFC (1939), 81–82; Negro Year, 455. HOLDINGS: NARA.
Portrait of Calhoun School, founded in 1892, and its vocational work among rural African
Americans of Lowndes County, Alabama. The film shows the living conditions of the poor

16
 A Case of Spring Fever

and illustrates how the school makes a difference in health education, agriculture, and road
construction. Mary McLeod Bethune, then-director of the Negro Affairs Division of the
National Youth Administration, addresses graduates. Educational Film Catalog singled out
Calhoun School’s “creative camera technique” and pronounced it a “deep and moving pano-
rama of Negro life.” NOTE: The film was part of the foundation’s Negro Education for American
Living series.

68. CAMP WO-CHI-CA (1940, silent, 1 reel, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Workers’ Children’s Camp Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Realfilm Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Sidney
Kaufman. CAMERA: Sy Wexler. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 29. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Short film documenting one of the first interracial children’s camps in the United States.
NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Operating between 1935 and 1954, Wo-Chi-Ca was a
Communist Party–run camp that hosted such artists in residence as dancer Pearl Primus
and actor Paul Robeson. Sy Wexler became an educational filmmaker.

69. THE CANDID CAMERA (1938, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Carl Zeiss Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke. PRODUCERS: Lee Dick,
Willard Van Dyke, Edward Anhalt. WRITERS: Lee Dick, Mary Hammond, Willard Van Dyke. CAMERA: Edward
Anhalt. EDITOR: Jules V.D. Bucher. NARRATOR: Peter Stackpole. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living
Films, 30. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film demonstrating how to use the 35mm Leica and narrated by famed Life magazine pho-
tographer Peter Stackpole. NOTE: Lee Dick and her husband directed Day after Day (entry
106), Men and Dust (entry 262), and School (entry 347). Edward Anhalt produced and
directed sponsored films and later joined CBS. Jules Bucher also worked on films for the
Harmon Foundation.

70. CANDY AND NUTRITION (1947, sound, 22 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Council on Candy, National Confectioners Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Willard Pictures.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Council on Candy Appropriates Budget for Film Exploitation,”
Bus Scrn 10, no. 6 (1949): 40; EFG (1951), 404. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film for the candy industry. Candy and Nutrition discusses human metabolic
requirements, the foods necessary for an adequate diet, and the special role of candy as a
source of quick energy. NOTE: Business Screen reported that over the course of some 17,000
screenings the film reached more than 1.5 million students.

71. CARVING MAGIC (1959, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Swift & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Dallas Jones Productions. DIRECTOR: Herschell Gordon Lewis. CAST:
William Kerwin, Harvey Korman. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
One of the many films sponsored by the major meat processor to encourage the cooking and
consumption of meat. A home economist provides carefully lit, step-by-step lessons in carving
21 popular cuts. Husbands, she notes, take pleasure in showing off carving skills. NOTE:
Produced in Eastmancolor and also released in a 13-minute version. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/carving_magic. Herschell Gordon Lewis, a
direct-mail advertising copywriter, later gained a reputation as a director of low-budget
gore films. For more about Lewis, see the Official Site of Herschell Gordon Lewis,
www.herschellgordonlewis.com.

72. A CASE OF SPRING FEVER (1940, sound, 8 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 21Jan41
and 22Jan41 LU10185. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

17
 Century 21 Calling

Advertising short for Chevrolet combining live action and animation. The film relates the
story of Gilbert Willoughby, who, exasperated by his stubborn boxspring mattress, impru-
dently wishes for the disappearance of springs. Coily, the animated spring sprite, grants his
wish, and Gilbert is bedeviled by once-familar appliances that no longer function. Apolo-
gizing to Coily, Gilbert acknowledges the contribution of springs to daily life, especially in
the Chevrolet. NOTE: From the Direct Mass Selling series, this film combines two features
common in industrial films: the anthropomorphized product and the discovery of the
product’s central role in everyday life. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/CaseofSp1940.

73. CENTURY 21 CALLING (1963, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jerry Fairbanks Productions. DIRECTOR:
Robert W. Larsen. PRODUCER: Jerry Fairbanks. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger,
MacDonald, UCLA.
Promotional film, set at the 1962 Seattle World’s Fair, illustrating AT&T’s technological
leadership and new products. Running enthusiastically through the AT&T exhibits, a young
couple learns about radio paging, speed dialing, Touch-Tone telephones, and home appliances
controlled remotely by telephone. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor and released in Eastman-
color and Technicolor. Distributed in 35mm and 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Century21964.

74. A CHILD WENT FORTH (1942, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of Nursery Educators. PRODUCERS: John Ferno, Joseph Losey. WRITER:
Munro Leaf. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Ed Scrn 21 (June 1942): 236; Film Forum Review staff, “A
Child Went Forth,” in Ideas, 159; EFG (1953), 409. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
World War II–era film illustrating the importance of quality child care on the home front.
Following a day at summer camp, A Child Went Forth candidly shows young children learn-
ing to express their creativity, enjoy nature, and solve problems independently. The commen-
tary links the camp activities to progressive education and discusses the child care needs of
female defense industry workers and emergency evacuees. NOTE: Also distributed in a
Spanish-language version. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/-
ChildWen1942. Munro Leaf also wrote the children’s book The Story of Ferdinand.

75. THE CHILDREN MUST LEARN (1940, sound, 13 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. PRODUCTION COS.: Documentary Film Productions Inc.; Educational
Film Institute, New York University; University of Kentucky. Director: Willard Van Dyke. WRITER: Spencer
Pollard. CAMERA: Bob Churchill. MUSIC: Fred Stewart. EDITOR: Irving Lerner. NARRATOR: Myron McCormick.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 30–31; EFG (1943), 93; Film Forum Review staff, “The
Children Must Learn,” in Ideas, 159–60. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Documentary profiling an Appalachian farming family struggling to scrape out a living.
Linking education and economic development, The Children Must Learn suggests that better
schooling, especially in agricultural techniques, would bring improvement. NOTE: Made
in conjunction with And So They Live (entry 22). Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Children1940.

76. CHILDREN WHO LABOR (1912, silent, 13 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Child Labor Committee. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A. Edison Inc. DIRECTOR: Ashley Miller.
Writer: Ethel Browning. CAST: Leonie Flugrath [Shirley Mason], Robert Conness, John Sturgeon, Viola
Flugrath [Viola Dana]. RESOURCES: Copyright 23Feb1912 J166654-57; More Treasures, 64–68. HOLDINGS: MoMA.
Social-issue melodrama exposing the exploitation of child mill workers. The film begins with

18
 The Clean Look

children beseeching Uncle Sam for help as the word “greed” floats above their heads. After
falling from a train, an industrialist’s daughter is rescued and adopted by immigrant workers.
Unbeknownst to her father, she ends up working in his factory. She falls ill, becomes reunit-
ed with her parents, and persuades her father to hire only adults. NOTE: Praised by contem-
porary reviewers, Children Who Labor was part of the National Child Labor Committee’s
multimedia campaign to fight the industrial exploitation of children.

77. THE CITY (1939, sound, 44 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Institute of Planners, through Civic Films Inc., with funding from Carnegie Corp. of
New York. PRODUCTION CO.: American Documentary Films Inc. DIRECTORS: Ralph Steiner, Willard Van Dyke.
Producer: Oscar Serlin. WRITERS: Henwar Rodakiewicz, Pare Lorentz, Lewis Mumford. CAMERA: Ralph
Steiner, Willard Van Dyke, Jules V.D. Bucher, Edward Anhalt, Roger Barlow, Rudolph Bretz. MUSIC: Aaron
Copland. EDITOR: Theodore Lawrence. NARRATOR: Morris Carnovsky. PRODUCTION MANAGER: John Flory.
RESOURCES: Copyright 23Jun39 MU9480; Karl Schriftgiesser, “Man and His Cities,” NYT, Apr. 30, 1939, 101;
“Wonder City Seen in Film at Fair,” NYT, May 28, 1939, 21; “The American Institute of Planners Presents
The City,” Am City 54 (June 1939): 129; Living Films, 31–32; Film Forum Review staff, “The City,” in Ideas,
197–98; EFG (1951), 587; Henwar Rodakiewicz, “Working on The City (1939),” in Unseen Cinema, 109–10;
Nicole Huffman, “The City,” New Frontiers in American Documentary Film, xroads.virginia.edu/~MA01/-
Huffman/Frontier/city.html. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC/Prelinger, MoMA, UCLA.
Film advocating New Deal “green towns” as a healthy alternative to congested urban slums.
Presenting the traditional New England town (represented by Shirley Center, Massachusetts,
the home of pioneer planner Benton MacKaye) as an inspiration, The City shows the decay
and overcrowding of New York City and Homestead, Pennsylvania, and finds alternatives in
the newly planned communities of Radburn, New Jersey; Greenbelt, Maryland; Greendale,
Wisconsin; and Greenhills, Ohio. “Year by year, our cities grow more complex and less fit for
living. The age of rebuilding is here,” proclaims the narrator. “We must remold our old cities
and build new communities better suited to our needs.” NOTE: Produced for screening at the
1939–40 New York World’s Fair, The City was later released theatrically and made available
to civic groups and educational institutions. It was excerpted in the MGM short This Is
Tomorrow. Selected for the National Film Registry. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/CityTheP1939.

78. A CITY DECIDES (1956, sound, 27 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Fund for the Republic. PRODUCTION CO.: Charles Guggenheim & Associates. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER:
Charles Guggenheim. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “The 16mm Honor Roll,”
NYT, Dec. 29, 1957, 57; William J. Sloan, “The Documentary Film and the Negro: The Evolution of the
Integration Film,” Journal of the Society of Cinematologists 4 (1964–65): 66–69. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Documentary, with some dramatized sequences, covering the racial integration of St. Louis
public schools after the 1954 Brown decision. William J. Sloan wrote, “The film was note-
worthy in that it revealed, at least briefly, the fears of Negro parents in having their children
attend school with white children.” NOTE: The film employed nonprofessional actors and
voice-over narration by a local schoolteacher. Nominated for an Academy Award for Best
Documentary Short Subject in 1956.

79. THE CLEAN LOOK (1951, sound, 30 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Armour & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Stanley Neal Productions. CAST: Mary Bayless. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “That Clean Look,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 5 (1951): 27. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Good-grooming film for women that was funded by the meatpacking and consumer prod-
ucts giant to showcase the company’s Dial soap. The Clean Look teaches how to apply make-
up, bathe, develop proper posture, apply shampoo, and comb one’s hair. NOTE: The short
was produced in Kodachrome and distributed to schools and women’s groups.

19
 Clean Waters

80. CLEAN WATERS (1945, sound, 23 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “14 Festival Awards to Sponsored Pictures,” Bus Scrn 8, no. 8 (1947): 25; EFG (1948), 382; Film Forum
Review staff, “Clean Waters,” in Ideas, 182–83; “1954 Edition of GE’s Clean Waters,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 1
(1954): 124. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Film advocating electrically powered waste-treatment facilities. Produced as part of General
Electric’s “More Power to America” campaign encouraging infrastructure investment, Clean
Waters demonstrates the health and safety dangers of water pollution and presents electric-
powered sewage treatment as a way to clean up America’s waterways. The film includes footage
shot in 28 states and the Alaska territory. NOTE: Clean Waters was selected “the world’s best
commercially sponsored motion picture” at the 1947 Films of the World Festival in Chicago.
Revised in 1954.

81. CLOSE HARMONY (1942, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 16Jan43
and 18Jan43 MU13199. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Film sponsored by General Motors to demonstrate its commitment to World War II indus-
trial mobilization. In a barbershop, people question whether industry is doing all that it can
to convert to war production. Fielding questions, one customer convinces the rest that industry
is indeed successfully cooperating with government. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/CloseHar1942.

82. CLOUD IN THE SKY (1939, sound, 18 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Tuberculosis Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR: Edgar G. Ulmer. CAMERA:
J. Burgi Contner. MUSIC: Tipica Orchestra of San Antonio. EDITOR: Marc S. Asch. CAST: Rosario de la Vega,
R.C. Ortega. RESOURCES: Copyright 23Jan40 MP10044; EFC (1940–41), 89. HOLDINGS: NARA, NLM.
Antituberculosis drama aimed at the Mexican American community. Following a structure
familiar to TB films, the story tells how a neglected infection leads to a death in a Mexican
American family and then contrasts a second case that is diagnosed, treated, and cured.
The recovery is celebrated with a fiesta and a wedding. NOTE: Distributed in English- and
Spanish-language versions and in 16mm. Cloud in the Sky was one of several TB films made
by Edgar G. Ulmer.

83. A COACH FOR CINDERELLA (1937, sound, 9 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 14Jun37
MU7512; “Reaching the Consumer with Films,” Pr Ink Mon 37 (July 1938): 70. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
High-production-value cartoon promoting Chevrolet. While Cinderella sleeps, forest dwellers
join forces to build her a coach that turns into a new automobile, with caterpillars rolling
into tires, fireflies igniting the spark plugs, and mice propelling the pistons. NOTE: One of six
Technicolor cartoons produced by Jam Handy for Chevrolet as part of its 118-film Direct
Mass Selling series, the cartoon was said to have been shown in 7,000 theaters to an audience
of 14 million during its first year of release. Followed by A Ride for Cinderella. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Coachfor1936.

84. COFFEE HOUSE RENDEZVOUS (1966, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Coffee Information Service. PRODUCTION CO.: Ted Steeg Productions. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Ted Steeg.
MUSIC: Jordy Ramin, Ted Steeg, the Niteliters. EDITOR: Mark Rappaport. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
Sheila Wolfe, “A Newcomer Relaxes in Shoes of Two Pros,” CT, June 7, 1966, B10; Philip H. Dougherty,
“Advertising: Getting the Coffee Kick Young,” NYT, Dec. 6, 1966, 67. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film promoting consumption of coffee in youth-oriented coffee houses. Accompanied by

20
 The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company

a folk music sound track, Coffee House Rendezvous profiles seven coffee houses located near
churches and college campuses and illustrates the wholesome activities that occur in these
public places. NOTE: The film was made as part of the “Think Drink” campaign mounted by
the Coffee Information Service, whose objective was to turn 17- to 20-year-olds into coffee
drinkers. Produced in Eastmancolor. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/CoffeeHo1969. The film’s editor, Mark Rappaport, has had a long career as an
independent filmmaker.

85. COLOR AND TEXTURE IN ALUMINUM FINISHES (1956, sound, 18 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Aluminum Co. of America. PRODUCTION CO.: On Film Inc. DIRECTORS: Wheaton Galentine, Tracy
Ward [Virginia Bell]. PRODUCER/WRITER: Tracy Ward [Virginia Bell]. CAMERA: Richard Bagley. MUSIC: Frank
Lewin. NARRATOR: Walter Abel. RESOURCES: Copyright 12Feb57 LP10427; “Inspiration in Visual Design,” Bus
Scrn 18, no. 3 (1957): 37; Ralph Caplan, “Industry on the Screen,” Industrial Design 7 (Apr. 1960): 61, 64;
Howard Thompson, “New Arrivals in 16-mm,” NYT, July 28, 1957, 69. HOLDINGS: LC, UCLA.
Film from the leading American producer of aluminum illustrating the versatility of the
material in building and design. Color and Texture in Aluminum Finishes was singled out in
the trade press for its avant-garde qualities and considered by Howard Thompson as “proba-
bly the most strikingly imaginative industrial short subject ever filmed in the United States.”
NOTE: Although originally targeted at design professionals, the short was also successfully
shown to general audiences. On Film Inc. continued making critically acclaimed and un-
usual films, including In the Suburbs (entry 198) and Pittsburgh (entry 318). Richard Bagley
went on to shoot Lionel Rogosin’s On the Bowery.

86. THE COLOR OF A MAN (1946, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: American Missionary Association; Congregational Christian Churches. PRODUCTION CO.: Inter-
national Film Foundation. PRODUCER: Julien Bryan. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Church Group
Follows Up Anti-segregation Resolution,” CSM, June 29, 1946, 12; Charley Cherokee, “National Grapevine,”
Chi Def, Oct. 12, 1946, 13; Film Forum Review staff, “The Color of a Man,” in Ideas, 198–99; EFG (1953), 343.
HOLDINGS: Not reported.

Report on the American Missionary Association’s work in the South. The Color of a Man was
produced to mark the association’s 100th anniversary and to help overcome racial prejudice.
It contrasts the situation in the South with that in the District of Columbia, where the African
American community is served by its own schools, hospital, and churches. Improving the
standard of living for African Americans, the film argues, requires addressing racial prejudices
and bettering the education system.

87. COLORADO CARES (1958, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Colorado State Dept. of Public Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Western Cine Services. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Colorado Films the Story of a Program for Migrant Workers,” Bus Scrn 19, no. 6 (1958):
60; EFG (1959), 13. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film illustrating Mesa County’s efforts to improve public health and education for migrant
workers employed by local peach growers. It explains how the creation of a county migrant
council helped residents and migrants learn about each other and improve relations.

88. THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY (1920s, silent, 10 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Colorado Fuel and Iron Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
Bessemer.
Tour of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company’s steel mill in Pueblo, Colorado. The film
documents the steelmaking process, including coke preparation, blast furnace operation,
and the making of steel rail and wire, and shows the mill, administrative building, company

21
 Columbia Bicycles Advertising Film

store, medical dispensary, and hospital. Appearing is Jesse Welborn, company president when
the CF&I suppressed the coal strike of 1913–14 that led to the infamous Ludlow Massacre.
NOTE: Built in 1882, the plant was at one time the largest integrated steelmaking operation
west of the Mississippi.

89. [COLUMBIA BICYCLES ADVERTISING FILM] (1897, silent, 100 ft, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Columbia Bicycles. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Camera!
Action! Sales!,” Bus Wk, May 27, 1939, 38; Patricia Murray, “When Advertisers Tried Films in the Gay
’90s,” Pr Ink 205 (Nov. 19, 1943): 25–26. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
One of the first documented advertising films. The short ran less than a minute but included
all the promotional basics: children sporting a Columbia Bicycles banner, footage of a local
bike race showing the product in action, dealer location, and prices.

90. COMMAND PERFORMANCE (1942, sound, 19 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: RCA Victor Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: William J. Ganz Co. NARRATOR: Milton Cross. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Promotional film for phonograph records. Using Strauss’s Blue Danube as an example,
Command Performance follows the production of shellac records from recording of the music
to mastering and replication of the disks. NOTE: Milton Cross was the longtime announcer
for NBC’s radio broadcasts of the New York Metropolitan Opera. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/CommandP1942.

91. COMMUNICATION AND INTERACTION IN THREE FAMILIES

(1952, sound, 75 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Kinesis Inc. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS: Gregory
Bateson, Weldon Kees. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1953), 290; Robert E. Knoll, ed., Weldon
Kees and the Midcentury Generation: Letters, 1935–1955 (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1986),
155–56. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film documenting nonverbal communication in three families. Produced as a training film
for mental health professionals, Communication and Interaction in Three Families includes a
15-minute interpretation of the families’ behavior by the filmmakers. NOTE: Weldon Kees
collaborated with Gregory Bateson on other projects.

92. COMMUNISTS ON CAMPUS (1970, sound, 55 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Program, Harding College. PRODUCTION CO.: Sid Fields Productions. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Conservative investigation of the July 1969 California Revolutionary Conference and sim-
ilar demonstrations deemed to promote a “socialist-communist overthrow of the U.S. gov-
ernment.” Communists on Campus warns against the activities of Students for a Democratic
Society, the Black Panthers, and Vietnam War protestors. The film contains footage of radi-
cals of the era, including Herbert Aptheker, H. Rap Brown, Angela Davis, Mario Savio, and
Bobby Seale.

93. CONQUEST OF DIPHTHERIA (1933, sound, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. PRODUCER: Carlyle Ellis. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 158–59. HOLDINGS: NLM.
One of Metropolitan Life’s many public health education films about the treatment of conta-
gious diseases. When four-year-old Skipper falls ill, the doctor is called in to give him his first
diphtheria immunization. The family physician recalls the early years of his medical practice,
when children lost their lives from the disease. NOTE: For more about the distribution of the
sponsor’s films, see “More Sales with Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 69–71.

22
 The Crime of Carelessness

94. CONQUEST OF THE HUDSON (1938, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Port of New York Authority. PRODUCER: Eugene W. Castle. RESOURCES: Copyright 19Jan38 MU8081;
EFC (1939), 169. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Film about the planning, construction, and operation of the Lincoln Tunnel. Released one
year after the structure opened, Conquest of the Hudson shows the tunnel shield, sandhogs
in the airlock, and the tunnel service between New York City and New Jersey. NOTE: Also
released in a silent version.

95. A CONTINENT IS BRIDGED (1940, sound, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. NARRATOR: Edwin C. Hill. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald, Prelinger.
Docudrama produced in celebration of the 25th anniversary of transcontinental voice com-
munications. The film highlights the history of the telephone, from Alexander Graham Bell’s
invention to the linking of New York City and San Francisco by transcontinental voice line
on January 25, 1915, with the final connection made at the Nevada-Utah state line. The
short details how AT&T departments worked together to achieve long-distance telephony.
NOTE: A Continent Is Bridged was intended for both corporate and public screenings and in
March 1940 was broadcast from NBC’s experimental TV station in New York.

96. THE CO-OPS ARE COMIN’ (1941, silent, 35 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSORS: Harmon Foundation; Cooperative League of the United States of America. PRODUCER: Leopold
Steiner. CAMERA: Robert Blair. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1947), 196. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Documentary about the co-operative movement in the Midwest. The film is structured
around the tour of a six-member study group to consumer co-operatives in eight states and
concludes with a radio broadcast of the group’s findings.

97. THE COST OF CARELESSNESS (ca. 1915, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS: Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co.; Brooklyn Institution for Safety. PRODUCTION CO.: Universal Animated
Weekly. WRITER: Eugene C. Clarke. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: GEH.
Public service film promoting safe behavior by Brooklyn pedestrians, streetcar riders, and
automobile drivers. Cost of Carelessness starts in the classroom, where students watch a safety
movie, and moves out to the streets, where a boy is hit by a streetcar, a shopper trips while
descending from a tram, and a reckless automobile driver has a terrible accident. The film
shows why Brooklyn residents should pay attention on local streets. NOTE: Shown as part of
a “Safety Crusade” in borough schools and at civic group meetings.

98. THE COURAGE OF KAY (1935, sound, 4 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Edison Electric Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Mason Wadsworth. PRODUCER: Mason Wadsworth.
WRITER: Philip Hurn. CAST: Lois Wilson, Lloyd Hughes. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1936),
57–58; “More Reports on 1935–36 Sales Films and Comments from Sponsors on Results,” Sales Mgmt 39
(Sept. 1, 1936): 740. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film funded by an electrical industry group to promote kitchen modernization and the
installation of electrical appliances. Prominently featuring name brands, The Courage of Kay
was made after the passage of the 1934 National Housing Act, which provided federal guar-
antees for mortgages and home improvement loans. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. For more
about the industry’s attempts to increase power usage, see Electrifying, 238–86.

99. THE CRIME OF CARELESSNESS (1912, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: National Association of Manufacturers; National Safety Council. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A.
Edison Inc. DIRECTOR: James Oppenheim. RESOURCES: Copyrights 13Dec1912 LP176 and 20Dec1912 LP214;
“Finance and Industry,” Current Opinion 55 (Sept. 1913): 206–7; “Better Living,” 268. HOLDINGS: LC, MoMA.

23
 Crossroads for America

Melodrama loosely based on the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in New York City,
in which 146 workers died. This industry-funded film places the blame for a factory fire on
a careless smoker as well as on negligent management.

100. CROSSROADS FOR AMERICA (1947, sound, 35 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Research Institute of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Academy Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “Sees Output Way to Combat ‘Isms,’” NYT, Oct. 1, 1947, 41; “Communists Aren’t under the Bed,”
Mod Ind 15 (Apr. 15, 1948): 87–88; EFG (1951), 285; Ec Ed, 11; Raymond Spottiswoode, “Crossroads for
America,” in Ideas, 199. HOLDINGS: MacDonald, UCLA.
Anticommunist film produced by an employer-funded group to drive home the communist
threat to labor unions. In the story “a typical communist” tricks worker Dave Nelson into
leading a strike, but later Nelson sees his error. The film points to faults in America’s free
enterprise system, such as high food prices and poor housing, but argues that communism is
not the answer. Crossroads for America suggests that business should fight leftist propaganda
by providing accurate information to workers about operations and profits. NOTE: Raymond
Spottiswoode writes that the film was seen as a response to the union-sponsored Deadline
for Action (entry 110).

101. CROWDED OUT (1958, sound, 29 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Agrafilms Inc. DIRECTOR: Irving Rusinow. WRITER:
Sid Abel. CAMERA: Pinckney Ridgell. MUSIC: Gerhardt Maasz. EDITOR: Wilkes Straley. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film urging parents to join forces with educators to solve school overcrowding during the
1950s baby boom. In Crowded Out, a teacher is assigned so many students that she is unable
to respond to their individual needs and must resort to rote instruction. Dissatisfied, she plans
to resign. The film recommends that parents work through their parent-teacher associations
to secure increased school funding. NOTE: The credits also acknowledge the involvement of
affiliated state education associations. A short version was released under the title I Wish I
Could, Kathy. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/crowded_out.

102. CRY FOR HELP (1962, sound, 32 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Louisiana Association for Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health. PRODUCTION CO.:
George C. Stoney Associates. DIRECTOR/WRITER: George Stoney. NARRATOR: James Daly. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, NLM.
Exploration of the psychological reasons and “triggers” for suicide. Made for professional psy-
chiatric audiences, the film recounts the fictional story of a suicidal Chicago policeman, who,
pressured by job stress, bad health, and family demands, courts death with his reckless behav-
ior. Like other works by George Stoney, Cry for Help serves as both a psychological profile and
a perceptive cultural study. NOTE: Received an award at the American Film Festival in 1963.

103. DANCE LITTLE CHILDREN (1961, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Kansas State Board of Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Centron Productions. DIRECTOR: Harold “Herk”
Harvey. WRITER: Margaret Carlile Travis. Resources: Copyright not registered; EFL, 765; Sex Ed, 71–72, 132–33;
Mental Hygiene, 132–33. Holdings: MacDonald, UKansas.
State-funded film produced to encourage the prevention of venereal disease. Dance Little
Children tells the story of a syphilis outbreak among teenagers in a Kansas town. Epidemi-
ologists and public health investigators eventually track down the cause of the disease. More
perceptive and balanced than most films about VD, this Centron production contextualizes
the problem by exploring the peer pressures faced by teenagers and the sexualized culture of
the period. NOTE: Shot in Lawrence, Kansas, Dance Little Children is a sequel to another state
government film, The Innocent Party. Produced in Eastmancolor.

24
 The Days of Our Years

104. THE DAVID HALL STORY (1963, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Employers Mutual of Wausau. PRODUCTION CO.: Solana Studios. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Jack La Frandre.
CAMERA: Robert K. Geisel Studios. EDITOR: Patti Dozzie. NARRATOR: David Hall. CAST: David Hall. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Insurance-company-sponsored film presenting a cautionary tale for teenage drivers. Based on
the true story of David Hall’s 1955 automobile accident, this grisly documentary reconstructs
Hall’s many months of treatment and rehabilitation and is narrated by the victim himself.
NOTE: In 1963, Hall was named “Handicapped American of the Year” by President Kennedy.
For more information on David Hall, see “Honored,” Washington Post and Times Herald,
March 8, 1963, A20.

105. THE DAWN OF BETTER LIVING (1945, sound, 16 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Westinghouse Electric Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Walt Disney Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright
13Apr45 MP15998; “Color Movie Sells Appliances,” Mod Ind 12 (Sept. 15, 1946): 108–10; EFG (1948), 358.
HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.

Animated film encouraging homemakers to upgrade home electrical systems after World
War II and plan for increased circuit capacity for new appliances. Intended for women’s-club
audiences, The Dawn of Better Living shows the evolution of lighting systems from pioneer
America to the present and projects a bright “electrified” future. NOTE: Produced in Techni-
color and released theatrically; also distributed in 16mm. Westinghouse issued a pamphlet
based on the film. For more about the postwar domestic demand for electricity, see Mary
Roche, “Wiring for Electrical Living,” NYT, Feb. 24, 1946, 100.

106. DAY AFTER DAY (1940, sound, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Henry Street Visiting Nursing Service. PRODUCTION CO.: Dialfilms Inc. DIRECTOR: Fred Stewart.
WRITER/CAMERA: Sheldon Dick. EDITOR: Irving Lerner. NARRATOR: Storrs Haynes. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Of Local Origin,” NYT, Jan. 8, 1941, 15; Living Films, 33. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Introduction to the services of a community nursing program helping the poor on Manhattan’s
Lower East Side. NOTE: The Henry Street Settlement’s nursing service, established in the 1890s
by Lillian Wald with the help of Mary Brewster, became a model for public health nursing
programs throughout the United States. Day after Day was also released in a one-reel version,
which showed at Radio City Music Hall for a week in January 1941.

107. DAY WITH THE A.S.P.C.A. (1930s, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. PRODUCTION CO.: Pathéscope.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 79; 1000 and One: The Blue Book of Non-Theatrical
Films (Chicago: Educational Screen, 1939–40), 74. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film showing how the ASPCA watches over the interests of New York City’s
animal population 24 hours a day.

108. DAYLIGHTING THE PADRES TRAIL (1937, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Southern Pacific Railroad. PRODUCTION CO.: Castle Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
“Brief Reviews of Current Releases,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 1 (1938): 37; Ward Allan Howe, “Rail Notes: Ferry’s
End,” NYT, Feb. 27, 1938, 167. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Travelogue following the scenic trip along the coast from Los Angeles to San Francisco
aboard the streamlined Daylight train.

109. THE DAYS OF OUR YEARS (1955, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Union Pacific Railroad. PRODUCTION CO.: Dudley Pictures. DIRECTOR: Allen Miner. PRODUCER: Carl
Dudley. WRITERS: Herman Boxer, Joseph Ansen. CAMERA: Alan Stensvold. MUSIC: Howard Jackson. EDITOR:

25
 Deadline for Action

Ernest Flook. NARRATOR: Art Gilmore. CAST: Florence Shaen, Rev. C.S. Reynolds, Henry Rupp Jr., William E.
Hill. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Safety film produced for railroad workers that illustrates the impact of occupational accidents
on families and friends. The Days of Our Years shows how a single workplace accident can
disrupt an entire community. Filmed on location in working-class neighborhoods of Los
Angeles. NOTE: Shot in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/DaysofOu1955.

110. DEADLINE FOR ACTION (1946, sound, 40 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Union Films.
PRODUCER: Carl Aldo Marzani. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “How Unions Pack Punch into ‘Sales’
Films,” Mod Ind 13 (Feb. 15, 1947): 115–18; J.A. Livingston, “Economist Says CIO Builds Wage Backfire,”
Wash Post, Mar. 23, 1947, B3; Charles J. Lazarus, “Quebec Censors,” NYT, Sept. 28, 1947, X4; Ec Ed, 11;
Raymond Spottiswoode, “Deadline for Action,” in Ideas, 199; EFG (1951), 285; “Interview with Carl
Marzani,” Cineaste 7 (Spring 1976): 33–35; Selling, 47. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Influential union film arguing for political action through the ballot box. The film traces
the story of an ex-serviceman who joins the picket line against his antilabor employer but
also learns the importance of fighting big business through democratic elections. In explain-
ing the rationale behind the post–World War II strikes against General Electric and Westing-
house, Deadline for Action uses footage of police suppression of the picketers and animated
sequences depicting corporate dominance of the American political system. Wrote J.A.
Livingston, “It’s worth seeing, both as a technical tour de force and as a masterful piece of
propaganda. There’s no doubt about this job—it was not done by amateurs. But there might
be some doubt whether it was made in America.” NOTE: Also released in a 21-minute version.
Business responded by producing the film Crossroads for America (entry 100). Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Deadline1946.

111. DEATH TO WEEDS (1947, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Dow Chemical Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. NARRATOR: Al Prough. RESOURCES:
Copyright 3Mar47 and 5Mar74 MU1751. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film introducing Dow products containing 2,4-D, the first successful selective
herbicide. Beginning with a faux-medieval “death sentence” to weeds, the short makes its point
by showing crops before and after the application of the new herbicide, the process of applying
the product through crop dusting, and a time-lapse sequence of a weed withering in a pot.
NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at the Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/DeathtoW1947.

112. DECISION FOR CHEMISTRY (1953, sound, 53 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Monsanto Chemical Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Sidney Meyers. WRITER:
Burton J. Rowles. CAMERA: Michael Nebbia. MUSIC: Alex North. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Audiences Decide for Monsanto,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 1 (1954): 130; S.P., “The American Scene,” NYT, Feb.
7, 1954, SM20; Mildred Weiler, “Monsanto’s 50 Films Soft-Pedal and Sell,” Industrial Marketing, Mar. 1956,
92–96. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Film surveying the role of chemistry in American life and the central role of the people,
products, and plants of Monsanto. Intended for nontheatrical use and broadcast, Decision for
Chemistry is structured around questions asked by a young boy. NOTE: Also released in 33-
minute nontheatrical and 28-minute television versions. A 16-minute version was shown in
1954 on NBC’s Omnibus. The film was selected as one of 20 contemporary American docu-
mentaries to be shown at New York’s Museum of Modern Art in 1954. Sidney Meyers also
directed the acclaimed documentary The Quiet One.

26
 Dial S for Service

113. DEMOCRACY’S DIARY (1948, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: The New York Times. PRODUCTION CO.: RKO-Pathé. DIRECTOR/CAMERA: Larry O’Reilly. PRODUCER: Jay
Bonafield. WRITER: Richard Hanser. NARRATOR: Dwight Wiest. EDITOR: David Cooper. RESOURCES: Copyright
30Apr48 MP3118; “The New York Times Interprets Its Story in a New Picture,” Bus Scrn 9, no. 8 (1948): 18;
“Free Press,” NYT, May 2, 1948, 85. HOLDINGS: LC.
Promotional film for America’s “newspaper of record” that was targeted at clubs, adult groups,
and high school audiences. Democracy’s Diary demonstrates how the newspaper is produced
through the teamwork of many specialized workers. Shown are the city room, the morgue, a
fashion shoot, and a fire covered by news photographers. NOTE: Released as part of RKO-
Pathé’s This Is America series.

114. DESIGN FOR DREAMING (1956, sound, 9 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. PRODUCER: Victor D. Solow. CAST:
Thelma “Tad” Tadlock, Mark Breaux. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Apr56 MP7798; “Motorama: Vision of the
Future,” Bus Scrn 17, no. 4 (1956): 40. HOLDINGS: Getty Images, GMMA, LC/Prelinger.
Best-known of the films presenting “Motorama,” General Motors’ annual traveling automobile
and appliance trade show. This example introduces the 1956 automobile models, Frigidaire’s
“Kitchen of Tomorrow,” electronic highways of the future, and GM “dream cars” the Olds-
mobile Golden Rocket and the turbine-powered Pontiac Firebird II. An amalgam of styles
drawn from industrial stage shows and Hollywood musicals, Design for Dreaming has become
emblematic of 1950s futuristic modernism. NOTE: Debuting at New York’s Waldorf-Astoria
Hotel, the 1956 “Motorama” show attracted 2 million people during its five-city tour. It was
released in 35mm Eastmancolor and 16mm Anscocolor prints and shown in theaters and
at automobile dealerships. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/-
Designfo1956.

115. DESIGN FOR EDUCATION (1939, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Sarah Lawrence College. PRODUCTION CO.: American Documentary Films Inc. DIRECTOR: Willard
Van Dyke. PRODUCER: Theodore Lawrence. WRITERS: Ralph Steiner, Willard Van Dyke. CAMERA: Roger Barlow.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 34; “Alumnae Club to See Film,” Wash Post, Feb. 8, 1940,
15; EFG (1945), 171–72. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film showing the college experience of a typical Sarah Lawrence student. Design
for Education illustrates the progressive education methods applied by the women’s school.

116. DESTINATION EARTH (1956, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Oil Industry Information Committee, American Petroleum Institute. PRODUCTION COS.: John Suther-
land Productions; Film Counselors Inc. DIRECTOR: Carl Urbano. WRITERS: Bill Scott, Michel Amestoy, George
Gordon. PRODUCTION DESIGNERS: Tom Oreb, Vic Haboush. ANIMATION: George Cannata, Ken O’Brien, Bill
Higgins, Tom Ray, Russ von Neida. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Science-fiction-influenced cartoon sponsored by petroleum producers to lionize their indus-
try and promote free enterprise. “Colonel Cosmic,” an astronaut from the totalitarian planet
Mars, flies to Earth, where he discovers cheap oil and the market economy. Returning home,
he leads a revolution and frees Martian entrepreneurs to begin oil exploration, start small
businesses, and lead the planet out of economic stagnation. NOTE: Destination Earth played
at New York’s Paramount Theatre and was later broadcast and distributed nontheatrically.
Produced in Technicolor and released in 35mm and 16mm. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/Destinat1956.

117. DIAL S FOR SERVICE (1957, sound, 3 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Pan American World Airways. PRODUCTION CO.: Henry Strauss Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright

27
 The Doctor in Industry

not registered; Richard Rutter, “New Attitudes Made to Order,” NYT, Dec. 31, 1955, 19; “Industry’s Shortest
‘Attitude’ Film Packs Champion’s Punch,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 8 (1957): 38. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Unusual training film produced for airline customer service personnel. The entire action of
this potent short takes place in a telephone booth, where the caller displays increasing frus-
tration as he deals with the telephone reservations clerk. Dial S for Service was praised for its
laconic minimalism.

118. THE DOCTOR IN INDUSTRY: THE STORY OF KENNETH W. RANDALL, M.D.

(1946, sound, 55 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR: Haford Kerbawy. WRITER:
Gordon H. Miller. CAST: William Post Jr., Nell O’Day, Frank Thomas, Thomas Hume. RESOURCES: Copyright
25Apr46 MU496; “Doctor in Industry : General Motors Dramatizes Story of Industrial Medicine,” Bus Scrn 7,
no. 7 (1946): 25; “Better Living,” 153–55, 268. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, NLM.
General Motors drama produced to demonstrate the corporate interest in occupational health
and safety. The Doctor in Industry traces the career of an industrial medicine specialist, from
his early service as a physician helping injured factory workers and soldiers to his work as
medical director for the automaker. In following his development, the film shows GM’s
provisions for employee medical care and its proactive role in advancing workplace safety.
NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/Doctorin1946.

119. DOWN THE GASOLINE TRAIL (1935, sound, 8 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 21Mar36 and
23Mar36 MU6294; Steven Heller, “Ephemeral Films: The Prelinger Collection,” Print 42 (Mar.–Apr. 1988): 126.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Theatrical cartoon showing the odyssey of a gasoline drop from its entry into a Chevrolet’s
fuel tank to its explosive end in the engine cylinder. Down the Gasoline Trail uses humor
to leaven the technical explanation of how a fuel system works. NOTE: Released as part of
Chevrolet’s Direct Mass Selling series. The cartoon was broadcast from NBC’s New York City
experimental television station in October 1939. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/DowntheG1935.

120. THE DYNAMIC AMERICAN CITY (1956, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Chamber of Commerce of the United States. PRODUCER: Frederic J. Baskaw. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film promoting urban renewal as a means of stimulating business activity in American cities.
The Dynamic American City illustrates the stages of the redevelopment process, from the dem-
olition of decaying neighborhoods to their revival. In contrasting the old with the new, the
film argues for the aggressive replacement of aging structures. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/DynamicA1956.

121. EASTIN FILM PRESENTS (1940, sound, 16 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Eastin 16mm Pictures. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC
(1940–41), 146. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Advertising film showing the workings of the well-known film distribution company head-
quartered in Davenport, Iowa. Eastin Film Presents illustrates the back office operations that
made nontheatrical motion picture distribution possible, from film inspection and storage
to bookkeeping and customer service.

28
 The End of the Road

122. ELECTRIC SHIP (ca. 1934, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1936), 81.
HOLDINGS: LC.

Advertising travelogue showing the New York–San Francisco journey aboard the new all-
electric liner S.S. Virginia and featuring demonstrations of its electrical equipment. NOTE:
Also distributed in a one-reel 35mm version and in 16mm.

123. ELECTRIFYING NEW YORK (1937, sound, 45 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Consolidated Edison Co. of New York. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; EFC (1939), 163; “Notes on Television,” NYT, Feb. 11, 1940, 136. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film for the New York City utility company that dramatizes the history of
the city’s electrical power generation and distribution system up to the advent of television.
Electrifying New York also shows Con Ed’s underground power network and the company’s
quick response to outages caused by a midday thunderstorm. NOTE: The film was broadcast
in New York City in February 1940 by NBC’s experimental television station.

124. 1104 SUTTON ROAD (1958, sound, 28 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Champion Paper and Fibre Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. WRITER: Sam Beall.
Resources: Copyright 31Dec57 LP10280; “A New Look at Productivity,” Bus Scrn 19, no. 5 (1958): 31; “A
Champion among Sponsors,” Bus Scrn 19, no. 8 (1958): 31–34; “Better Living,” 268. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC,
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Self-improvement film funded by a paper company. In the story a dissatisfied factory worker
imagines what it would be like to become a company foreman or the company president.
The worker comes to learn that every employee, regardless of position, must be productive
to succeed. Through this parable, 1104 Sutton Road argues that improving personal relations
and communications in the workplace increases productivity and makes each employee a
better person. NOTE: Released in Technicolor and also distributed in 16mm. The film, which
contains no promotion for Champion or its products, received much attention. Champion
also sponsored Production 5118 (entry 328), another film about workplace communication.

125. ELLIS IN FREEDOMLAND (1952, sound, 85 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Westinghouse Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Roland Reed Productions. CAST: Lucille Ball, Percy
Kilbride, James Mason, Edward Arnold, Maureen O’Sullivan, Jerry Colonna, Iron Eyes Cody, Willie Best,
Robert Rockwell, Marie Wilson, Jack Mulhall, Alan Hale Jr., Andy Devine. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “Westinghouse Promotes Better Retail Selling,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 2 (1952): 37; “Dealer Training à la
Hollywood,” Mod Ind 23 (June 15, 1952): 127. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Longest of four dealer promotion films in a two-hour series produced to promote Westing-
house home appliances. Ellis in Freedomland breaks into two parts. In the first, a store manager
has a dream in which talking appliances, speaking with the well-known voices of major film
and television stars, offer tips on increasing sales. The second introduces “Freedom Fair,”
Westinghouse’s spring sales event, and celebrates through a song-and-dance number how the
company’s appliances free women from the drudgery of housework. NOTE: The cornerstone
of “Freedom Fair,” the film series reached 25,000 dealers in 75 cities in a single week. Released
in Technicolor and in 16mm.

126. THE END OF THE ROAD (1919, silent, 7 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Social Hygiene Association. PRODUCTION CO.: War Dept. Commission on Training Camp
Activities. DIRECTOR: Edward H. Griffith. WRITERS: Katharine Bement Davis, Edward H. Griffith. CAST: Claire
Adams, Richard Bennet. RESOURCES: Copyrights 30Jan 19 LU13332 and 1Mar19 LP14184; “Government Film

29
 Enterprise

to Teach Here Lesson of Life,” Atlan Con, Mar. 22, 1919, 10; “Sex Film Used by Small as Bait to Women,”
CT, Mar. 26, 1924, 6; Sex Ed, 10, 21, 31–34; Exploitation, 27–36. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Wartime venereal disease prevention film intended primarily for female audiences. Sponsored
by a public health organization devoted to eradicating syphilis, The End of the Road tells the
parallel stories of two women, one of whom receives instruction in sexual hygiene from her
mother, while the other does not. NOTE: The End of the Road was originally produced for use
by the military. Sometimes referred to as The Story of Life, the popular film was also put in
theatrical release but withdrawn in 1919.

127. ENTERPRISE (1948, sound, 32 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Cluett, Peabody & Co. Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Caravel Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Enterprise: The Story of a Town,” Bus Scrn 9, no. 8 (1948): 21; “Story ‘Natural’ Makes Company Film,”
Mod Ind 16 (Nov. 15, 1948): 88; J. Austin Burkhart, “Big Business and the Schools,” The Nation, Nov. 10,
1951, 400–402; Ec Ed, 15. HOLDINGS: AAFF, Orgone.
Film sponsored by the Troy, New York–based manufacturer of Arrow shirts to explain its
reasons for moving its business down south. Enterprise tells the true story of how two World
War II veterans invited the company to occupy an industrial plant that they had built in the
hope of revitalizing Buchanan, Georgia. Five hundred residents signed a pledge stating that
they were willing to work in the new factory. Cluett, Peabody & Co. eventually employed
one-third of the townspeople. Note: Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1950.

128. AN EQUAL CHANCE (1949, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York State Commission Against Discrimination. PRODUCTION CO.: March of Time. RESOURCES:
Copyright 15Aug49 MP4608; EFG (1951), 286; “Film Tells How to Integrate Minorities into Workforce,” Mod
Ind 23 (Jan. 15, 1952): 62. HOLDINGS: LC.
Film produced to acquaint minority workers with the sponsor’s services and promote a diverse
workplace. In the story a laborer threatens a walkout after his foreman hires an African Ameri-
can but learns acceptance after he observes the on-the-job skills of the new hire. An Equal
Chance also illustrates the process through which the commission resolves bias complaints.
NOTE: The film was shown in theaters throughout New York State. For more about the spon-
sor’s work, see “State Anti-Bias Unit Ready to Aid Young Persons If Lay-offs Begin,” NYT,
Mar. 16, 1950, 33.

129. AN EVENING WITH EDGAR A. GUEST (1938, sound, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Household Finance Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR: Louis Marlowe.
MUSIC: Samuel Benavie. EDITOR: W. Kislingbury. RESOURCES: Copyright 12May39 LU8833; “Advertisers’ Films
Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1, 1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film for the Household Finance Corporation featuring its spokesperson Edgar A. Guest, the
popular poet and radio personality. Guest performs without making any explicit reference to
the sponsor or its products. NOTE: The short was shown under the title A Heap o’ Livin’ at
the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. Also released in 16mm. For more about the sponsor’s
films, see E.A. Petrtyl, “After Giving 5,330 Shows, Here’s What Advertiser Learned about
Films,” Pr Ink 184 (July 21, 1938): 50–56.

130. THE EYES OF SCIENCE (1930, sound, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Bausch and Lomb Optical Co. DIRECTOR/CAMERA: James Sibley Watson. RESOURCES:
Copyright 11Aug30 MP2501; Living Films, 35; EFG (1945), 332; J.S. Watson Jr., “My Films,” in Unseen Cinema,
113–15. HOLDINGS: GEH.
History of optical instruments and survey of their modern applications. The Eyes of Science
illustrates the capacity of precision optics through the use of dramatic photography and visual

30
 Farm Petroleum Safety

effects. NOTE: Educational Film Guide mentions the availability of a 45-minute silent version.
James Sibley Watson’s own filmography indicates that the film was made in collaboration
with Melville Webber. For a contemporary account of Watson’s film work, see “Klieg Lights
Now Glint and Gleam Where Family Horse Once Reigned,” CSM, Feb. 15, 1929, 4.

131. FACTORY FARMS (1959, sound, 37 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Packinghouse Workers Union. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Harvey Richards. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: See note.
Union-sponsored film documenting farm labor conditions in California. Produced at a time
when workers earned near-poverty wages, Factory Farms reviews the history of union organiz-
ing in California agriculture and argues for improving compensation. NOTE: Activist film-
maker Harvey Richards made documentaries for such organizations as United Farm Workers,
Sierra Club, and Women for Peace. Distributed by Estuary Press, www.estuarypress.com.

132. FALLEN EAGLE (1950, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: P. Lorillard & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Alan Shilin Productions. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/WRITER: Alan Shilin.
CAMERA: Toge Fujihira. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Documenting Indian Life,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 2
(1952): 34; William M. Freeman, “Industry Telling Story by Movies,” NYT, Jan. 24, 1954, F1. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UGA.
Advertising film for tobacco products profiling the modern Sioux people of the Rosebud
Reservation in South Dakota. Fallen Eagle includes reenactments of traditional ceremonies
but also points to the economic plight of the current-day Sioux. Improved opportunities,
the film suggests, could come from the development made possible by the damming of the
Missouri River. NOTE: Part of an award-winning series of seven films. According to Business
Screen, the sponsor chose a Native American theme to build on the Old Gold cigarette brand’s
wooden Indian trademark and to pay homage to the Native American’s gift of tobacco to the
world. William Freeman wrote that the Lorillard series was seen by 75 million in the first five
years of release. Released in Kodachrome.

133. FAMILY ALBUM (ca. 1929, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Western Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1936),
42. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Early animated sound film made for Western Electric (the equipment manufacturing arm of
AT&T) to introduce five innovative products that build on the technology of the telephone.
Family Album presents “Old Father Tel E. Phone” and his offspring Mike, Loud Speaker, Public
Address, Electrical Stethoscope, and Talkie (the sound moving picture). The cartoon features
the first sound-on-film recording of the human heartbeat. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

134. FARM PETROLEUM SAFETY (1953, sound, 26 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Committee on Agriculture, American Petroleum Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Henry Ushijima
Productions. DIRECTOR/CAMERA: Henry Ushijima. WRITER: Edwin Schonfeld. MUSIC: Richard Shores. EDITOR:
Arvid Nelson. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Safety film dramatizing the dangers posed by gasoline and other petroleum products on the
family farm. The short includes a shattering sequence in which a mother and her children
are burned to death when their house catches fire because of careless petroleum use. NOTE:
Produced in Kodachrome. Received a Golden Reel Award at the American Film Assembly in
1954. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/farm_petroleum_safety.
Henry Ushijima Productions was founded by the Hollywood sound engineer after his intern-
ment at Manzanar.

31
 Fears of Children

135. FEARS OF CHILDREN (1951, sound, 27 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Oklahoma State Dept. of Public Health; National Association for Mental Health; Mental Health
Film Board. PRODUCTION CO.: International Film Foundation. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Francis Thompson. PRODUCER:
Julien Bryan. CAMERA: Peter Glushanok. EDITOR: Joseph E. Dushock. CAST: Rex Thompson, Anna Minot Franz,
Peter Hobbs, Sarah Cunningham. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Lucy Freeman, “Film Unit Set Up for
Mental Ills,” NYT, Oct. 14, 1949, 29; Dorothy Barclay, “Parent Education in Films Stressed,” NYT, Dec. 12,
1951, 62; Dorothy Barclay, “Banishing Fear,” NYT, Dec. 16, 1951, 196; “Evaluation of New Films,” Ed Scrn 31
(Apr. 1952): 156–57; “Fears of Children Film Discussion Guide,” The Coordinator 4 (Sept. 1955): 25–26.
HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UGA.

Subtle case study produced for parents, teachers, and mental health professionals on the im-
portance of constructive parenting in overcoming childhood fears. The parents of a healthy
five-year-old do not grasp why their child fears entering a cave. The mother tries to be sym-
pathetic, but the father shows impatience. Feeling anger at his father, the child drowns his
stuffed bear. After the parents take time to think about their son’s behavior, they resolve to
show greater understanding, and father and son reconcile. “Psychiatrists alone cannot solve
the mental health problems of our nation,” said a Mental Health Film Board spokesperson
commenting on the film. “More and more it will be the responsibility of parents, teachers,
nurses, doctors, and ministers” (NYT, Dec. 12, 1951). NOTE: A companion pamphlet was
issued under the same title. Third in the Mental Health Film Board’s Emotions of Everyday
Living series. Primarily distributed in 16mm. The Mental Health Film Board, founded in 1949
by psychiatrists and filmmakers, sponsored psychiatric films for professionals and the general
public. Rex Thompson, the son, played Louis Leonowens in the movie The King and I.

136. FEELING ALL RIGHT (1948, sound, 32 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Mississippi State Board of Health; United States Public Health Service. PRODUCTION CO.: Southern
Educational Film Production Service. DIRECTOR: Fred Lasse. PRODUCER: William T. Clifford. WRITERS: George
Stoney, Nicholas C. Read, W.A. Mason. CAMERA: Gordon Weisenborn. CAST: Eldred Marshall Jr., Blanche
“Blandy” Parks, Florida Marshall, George Mix. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Feb49 MP4607; Hodding Carter,
“‘Double Feature’ Fights Syphilis,” Wash Post, Mar. 27, 1949, B5; “NAACP Protests Film Showing,” NYT,
Aug. 20, 1949, 7; Cecile Starr, “Films with a Purpose,” in Ideas, 53–55; Hodding Carter, “Mississippi Movie,”
in Ideas, 56–58; Raymond Spottiswoode, “Feeling All Right,” in Ideas, 183; 1954 Catalog, 6; Sex Ed, 158–61.
HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald, MoMA.

Public health film informing African Americans about syphilis and its prevention. Feeling All
Right contextualizes the problem by focusing on a community affected by the disease and the
local organizations that are leading the fight against it. The film ends as it begins, with images
of home, family, and neighbors. “Its frank and simple appeal is a welcome relief from the
histrionics with which producers usually overburden the subject of syphilis,” wrote Raymond
Spottiswoode. NOTE: The film was part of a government multimedia campaign to combat a
disease then infecting an estimated 20 percent of Mississippi’s African American population.
The production was filmed on a $30,000 budget with a cast of nonprofessional actors. In its
first year of release, Feeling All Right was seen by an estimated 1 million viewers. Notable was
its use in 60 Mississippi Delta towns in conjunction with a mobile syphilis-testing unit. Public
health officials reported testing 15,000 people and treating 1,765 cases. The NAACP opposed
distribution of Feeling All Right. Roy Wilkins, the group’s acting secretary, was quoted in the
New York Times as saying that it would “bolster that school of thought that would relegate
Negro Americans to exclusion, separatism, and inequality in places of public accommodation.”
Dr. W.A. Mason, credited with collaborating on the script, was a Georgia public health offi-
cial. For more about the production company, see John N. Popham, “The South Sees Itself
via Its Own Educational Films,” NYT, Jan. 22, 1950, 85.

32
 Food Freezing in Tennessee

137. FIBERS AND CIVILIZATIONS (1958, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Chemstrand Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Lewis Jacobs. PRODUCER/-
CAMERA: Larry Madison. MUSIC: Henry Brant. EDITOR: Paul Falkenberg. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
Howard Thompson, “Newcomers to 16mm Film Field,” NYT, Dec. 7, 1958, X12. HOLDINGS: LC.
Historical survey tracing the use of natural fibers from ancient times to the present. Commis-
sioned by a synthetic textile manufacturer, the film was praised for its high production values
and few references to its sponsor. NOTE: Fibers and Civilizations was shown in the U.S. Pavilion
at the 1958 Brussels World’s Fair.

138. FINDING HIS VOICE (1929, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Western Electric Co. Inc. DIRECTORS: F. Lyle Goldman, Max Fleischer. WRITER: W.E.
Erpi [Charles W. Barrell]. RESOURCES: Copyright 21Jun29 MP759. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald,
UCLA.
Animated demonstration showing how the Western Electric motion picture sound system
works. In this lively cartoon, “Talkie” brings “Mutie” to “Dr. Western,” who gives him a
voice. The team shows how sound motion pictures are made and reproduced. NOTE: Carlyle
Ellis, the early industrial and educational filmmaker, contributes the voice for Dr. Western.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/FindingH1929.

139. 500,000 TO 1 (1954, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Sinclair Refining Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Atlas Film Corp. RESOURCES: Copyright 15Dec53 MP5440;
“Sinclair Film Joins Battle on Insects in 500,000 to One,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 4 (1954): 14. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film promoting the insecticides manufactured by Sinclair. Greatly outnumbered, humans are
in continual war with insects and must fight back. 500,000 to 1 shows how pests are controlled
by quarantine as well as through chemical, mechanical, and biological weapons. NOTE: Released
in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/500000_to_one.

140. FLIGHT TO THE FUTURE—TO THE WORLD OF PLASTICS

(1952, sound, 39 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Bakelite Co., Union Carbide Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Kaleb Film and Television Corp. CAST: Lyle
Talbot, John Eldridge. RESOURCES: Copyright 10Jun52 MP2736; “Flight to the Future,” Modern Plastics 29
(Aug. 1952): 88–89. HOLDINGS: LC.
Promotional film for the pioneering American plastics company that surveys the contribution
of plastics to everyday life. Flight to the Future is structured as a discussion on a transcontinen-
tal flight, during which three plastics experts (a manufacturer, an engineer, and a designer) tell
the flight attendant about their industry. Over the course of the film, a multitude of plastics
products are shown.

141. FLORIDA: WEALTH OR WASTE? (1947, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Florida Resources–Use Education Project. PRODUCTION CO.: Southern Educational Film Production
Service. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Film Forum Review staff, “Florida, Wealth or Waste,” in Starr,
Ideas, 200; EFG (1953), 941. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Environmental documentary investigating the adverse impact of development on Florida’s
natural resources. Forest fires, erosion, poor soil conservation, and the draining of ground-
water have taken their toll, the film argues, and the state’s agricultural economy continues to
lag owing to inadequate environmental planning, poverty, and a “get-rich-quick” attitude.

142. FOOD FREEZING IN TENNESSEE (1948, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Winter Garden Freeze Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Sam Orleans and Associates. DIRECTOR/WRITER/-

33
 For the Living

NARRATOR: Nate Way. PRODUCER: Sam Orleans. CAST: Mrs. Inslee C. King, Elvin Overton, Helen Graham,
Susannah McCroskey. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: ETSU.
Promotional film for a Tennessee frozen foods company featuring Knoxville actors, sets by
Sterchi Brothers Furniture, and music by local organist Billy Barnes.

143. FOR THE LIVING (1949, sound, 21 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: New York City Housing Authority. PRODUCTION CO.: Television-Film Unit, New York Municipal Broad-
casting System. DIRECTORS: Leo Seltzer, Lewis Jacobs. PRODUCER: Clifford Evans. WRITER: Doris Pansohoff.
CAMERA: Leo Seltzer, Bert Spielvogel. EDITORS: Lewis Jacobs, Rosemarie Hickson. NARRATOR: Frederick
March. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Charles G. Bennett, “City’s First Move Is a Housing Story,”
NYT, July 16, 1949, 15. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Documentary about New York City’s slum clearance and public housing programs. For the
Living shows how housing projects in Manhattan and Brooklyn address the needs of the bor-
oughs’ diverse populations and provide a refuge for New Yorkers denied access to privately
owned housing because of their race or ethnicity. The film offers a dense portrait of the city
—slums, streets, new buildings, businesses, and parks—and includes appearances by New York
Housing Authority chairman Thomas Farrell and Mayor William O’Dwyer. NOTE: Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/FortheLi1949.

144. FOR THE RECORD (1946, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Unknown. PRODUCTION CO.: Public Affairs Films. MUSIC: Pete Seeger. RESOURCES: Copyright not reg-
istered; EFG (1948), 270. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Pro-labor film blasting the greed and cunning of the “big boys” in government and in the
National Association of Manufacturers who oppose organized labor. For the Record sees strikes
as an important way to protect worker interests and explains how collective-bargaining gains
were lost through the Taft-Hartley Act.

145. FOR SOME MUST WATCH (1949, sound, 28 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Institute of Life Insurance. PRODUCTION CO.: International Film Foundation. DIRECTOR: Francis
Thompson. PRODUCER: Julien Bryan. CAST: John J. Sutton, Alice Clark, Emilio Mengucci. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Know Your Insurance Agent,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 4 (1949): 32; Cecile Starr, “For Some
Must Watch,” in Ideas, 200–201. HOLDINGS: AAFF, MacDonald, UGA.
Portrait of Jack Sutton, a local hero who helps his neighbors through his successful work in
the insurance business. Set in Oneida, New York, For Some Must Watch follows Sutton’s daily
routine as an insurance agent and demonstrates how his assistance enables three families to
solve their financial and medical problems. “Bryan’s people have a regular habit of emerging
as real live persons instead of mere faces passing across the screen,” observed Business Screen.
NOTE: The film used nonprofessional actors and was shot on location. Also released in 16mm.

146. FORD ANIMATED WEEKLY

(1914–16; silent; approx 20 episodes, 1 reel ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Ford Motor Co. RESOURCES: “Ford Film Collection Documents Americana,” Film
World and A-V News 20 (Jan. 1964): 8–10; Mayfield Bray, Guide to the Ford Film Collection in the National
Archives (Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Service, 1970), 5–6. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Series of some 20 episodes, some with animation, illustrating news events and Ford-related
subjects. NOTE: Film World and A-V News reported that the series was distributed for virtually
no fee to 2,000 theaters and played to a reported 4 million U.S. viewers weekly. Also shown
in Hawaii, South America, Europe, and Australia. Replaced by Ford Educational Weekly (entry
147) in 1916.

34
 Freedom and Power

147. FORD EDUCATIONAL WEEKLY

(1916–21; silent; approx 200 episodes, 1 reel ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Ford Motor Co. RESOURCES: “Written on the Screen,” NYT, Jan. 5, 1919, 43; “Ford
Film Collection Documents Americana,” Film World and A-V News 20 (Jan. 1964): 8–10; Mayfield Bray,
Guide to the Ford Film Collection in the National Archives (Washington, DC: National Archives and Records
Service, 1970), 7–34. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA, UCLA.
Documentary series showcasing American industries, cities, and tourist destinations. Among
the some 200 episodes are Old Spanish Missions of Southern California, From Mud to Mug,
and De-Light: Making an Electric Light Bulb. NOTE: Like its predecessor, Ford Animated Weekly
(entry 146), the series was circulated to schools, churches, and theaters for virtually no rental
fee. In 1919, the Goldwyn Corporation took over distribution. The sponsor reported in Film
World and A-V News that in 1920 Ford Educational Weekly was shown regularly in 7,000 the-
aters across the country and reached between 10 and 12 million viewers. Episodes were also
distributed abroad. The series was replaced in 1921 by Ford Educational Library. Other compa-
nies followed Ford’s example with such series as Chevrolet Leader News and Goodyear Newsreel.

148. FORD ROUGE PLANT (1937, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC
(1939), 174–75; “More Sales with Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 74. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Tour of the Ford Motor Company’s Rouge plant in Dearborn, Michigan, then the largest
auto factory in the world. NOTE: For more information on the Rouge plant, see “History of
the Rouge,” The Henry Ford, www.hfmgv.org/rouge/history.asp.

149. THE FORGOTTEN FRONTIER (1931, silent, 59 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Frontier Nursing Service Inc. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/CAMERA: Mary Marvin Breckenridge. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; Patricia King Hanson and Alan Gevinson, eds., The American Film Institute Catalog
of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States: Feature Films, 1931–1940 (Berkeley, CA: University of
California Press, 1993), entry F3.1436; Wolfgang Saxon, “Mary Patterson, Philanthropist and Wartime
Broadcaster, 97,” NYT, Dec. 23, 2002, B7. HOLDINGS: LC, NLM, SI/NMAH.
Documentary about the Frontier Nursing Service, founded in 1925 to bring medical and
dental care by horseback to Kentucky’s isolated mountain communities. In The Forgotten
Frontier, which was shot near Wendover, Kentucky, locals reenact moments when frontier
nurses came to their aid. The film shows the nurse assisting in childbirth, inoculating school-
children, and transporting a shooting victim to a doctor for emergency surgery. NOTE: Selected
for the National Film Registry. Mary Marvin Breckenridge was originally employed by the
service. Later in 1931, she produced the promotional film She Goes to Vassar. For more infor-
mation on the Frontier Nursing Service, see “History Information,” the Frontier Nursing
Service Inc., www.frontiernursing.org.

150. FREEDOM AND POWER (1952, sound, 29 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “GE Presents Freedom and Power,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 5 (1952): 29; “Electric Power and Our Way of
Life,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 6 (1952): 30; “The Importance of Electric Power,” Mod Ind 24 (Nov. 15, 1952): 129–31.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

General Electric cartoon promoting electricity and the freedom of business to operate with-
out governmental intervention. In following the applications of electricity from Benjamin
Franklin’s kite experiment through the innovations of GE’s founder, Thomas Edison, Freedom
and Power also offers a history of free enterprise. The discussion outlines the role of the elec-
trical industry in supporting national security and the American way of life and argues for
“individual rights” over “state control.” NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. This short from the

35
 Freedom Highway

More Power for America series was broadcast on ABC TV in August 1952. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Freedoma1952.

151. FREEDOM HIGHWAY (1956, sound, 35 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Greyhound Lines. PRODUCTION CO.: Jerry Fairbanks Productions. DIRECTOR: Harold Schuster.
WRITERS: Charles L. Tedford, Leo S. Rosencrans. CAMERA: Jerry Fairbanks. ART DIRECTOR: Theobold Holsopple.
MUSIC: Edward Paul. EDITOR: Milton Kleinberg. CAST: Marshall Thompson, Tommy Kirk, Morris Ankrum, Angie
Dickinson, Charles Maxwell, Tex Ritter. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; advertisement, Bus Scrn 18,
no. 6 (1957): 21; The Uncharted Landscape, vol. 6, Secret Century. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Drama sponsored by Greyhound to promote long-distance bus travel. An unusual group of
travelers meet on a transcontinental Greyhound bus: a father, embittered by the death of his
son in Korea, who is riding to Washington to accept his son’s Congressional Medal of Honor;
a Boy Scout en route to his first Jamboree; a romantic young couple; and Tex Ritter, playing
himself and singing about the Alamo and the “freedom road.” Along the way a mysterious
stranger helps the father rediscover his faith in his country. Celebrating America’s mythology as
well as its landscape, this dense film revisits many scenes from history and links highway travel
with Manifest Destiny. NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor and distributed in 35mm and
16mm. Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1956. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/FreedomH1956.

152. FREEDOM OF THE AMERICAN ROAD (1955, sound, 27 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “How
Citizen Cooperation Can Win Freedom of the American Road,” Bus Scrn 17, no. 2 (1956): 33; “Ford Campaign
Seeks to Stir Action on Roads,” NYT, Feb. 4, 1956, 20. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
One of many corporate advocacy films made in the mid-1950s that encouraged private citi-
zens to demand better highways. This argument for the construction of the interstate high-
way system is introduced by Henry Ford II and presents highway improvement case studies
involving the Bay Area’s Bayshore Freeway, the “Golden Triangle” in Pittsburgh, the Route
128 corridor outside Boston, and county roads in North Carolina. NOTE: Freedom of the
American Road was part of a public relations campaign described by a Ford spokesman to
the New York Times as “an all-out, saturation effort on behalf of the American highways.”
The film was accompanied by a magazine of the same title. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/Freedomo1955.

153. FREEDOM TO LEARN (1954, sound, 27 min, color/b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Agrafilms Inc. DIRECTOR: Irving Rusinow. WRITER:
Jarvis Couillard. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “School Film Inspected in Fairfax,” Washington Post
and Times Herald, Aug. 5, 1955, 41. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Drama about intellectual freedom and censorship in public schools. In this short film spon-
sored by a teachers union, an elderly and experienced teacher is accused of teaching about
communism and is called before the school board. She takes the opportunity to speak up for
freedom of speech and the right to open inquiry. NOTE: Freedom to Learn provoked criticism
from conservative groups. The Washington Post and Times Herald reported that an advocate
from Virginia Citizens for Better Schools called the film “an insult to the intelligence.”
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/freedom_to_learn.

154. FROM DAWN TO SUNSET (1937, sound, 24 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES:
Copyright 22Sep37 MU7768; Strother Holland Walker and Paul Sklar, “Business Finds Its Voice,” Harper’s
Magazine, Mar. 1938, 431; Capitalist Realism, vol. 2, Secret Century ; Corporate Soul, 241–42; “Better Living,”
131–32, 269. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

36
 Frontiers of the Future

Film picturing a “day in the life” of typical Chevrolet plant workers. After a montage of
people leaving home and punching time clocks, the film segues into a 13-minute sequence
showing employees getting paid and patronizing local businesses. From Dawn to Sunset pre-
sents Chevrolet workers not only as the supporters of their families but also as the economic
lifeblood of their communities. NOTE: Produced to improve General Motors’ corporate image
after the recognition of the United Auto Workers union, From Dawn to Sunset portrays labor
and management as codependent economic players. The film reapplies socialist realist princi-
ples to make a capitalist argument. Released as part of Chevrolet’s Direct Mass Selling series.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/FromDawn1937.

155. FROM HERE TO THERE! (1964, sound, 9 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: United Airlines. PRODUCTION CO.: Saul Bass & Associates. DIRECTOR: Saul Bass. RESOURCES: Copy-
right 25Apr64 LP28914; Bosley Crowther, “Once More to the Fair,” NYT, Sept. 5, 1965, X1. HOLDINGS: LC.
Promotional short made by famed graphic and title designer Saul Bass for exhibition in the
Transportation and Travel Pavilion at the 1964 New York World’s Fair. Sepia-toned airport
scenes are interspersed with wide-screen color aerial shots taken by a camera attached to a
jet’s fuselage. Bosley Crowther singled out the Cinemascope film’s “pictorial poetry.”

156. FROM POD TO PALATE (1930s, sound, length unknown, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Reid, Murdoch & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
MacDonald.
Promotional film showing how Monarch Foods, owned by Reid, Murdoch & Co., brings
fruits and vegetables to the American consumer. The film centers on harvesting and cannery
operations in Oregon, Minnesota, and Michigan and documents the preparation of peaches,
strawberries, raspberries, pears, green beans, and peas to be sold under the Monarch label.
The process ends with grocery displays of the canned product.

157. FROM TREES TO TRIBUNES (1921, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Business Survey Dept., Chicago Tribune. PRODUCTION CO.: Indian Film Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “From Trees to Tribunes,” CT, June 5, 1921, B4; advertisement, CT, Aug. 23, 1923, B4. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Promotional film showing the process of producing a metropolitan newspaper, from the
harvest of trees for paper pulp to the delivery of the printed paper to the subscriber. NOTE:
The film was remade in 1931, in 1937, and finally in 1947 in Technicolor to celebrate the
Chicago Tribune’s 100th anniversary. All versions were released in 35mm and 16mm. The
Tribune also published a booklet, ran full-page pictorials, and broadcast radio lectures under
the same title.

158. THE FRONT LINE (1965, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Reader’s Digest; Supermarket Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Fred Niles Communications Centers Inc.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Training film for supermarket checkers, the foot soldiers in the “battle for the customer’s
dollar” that is fought daily in America’s supermarkets. The Front Line profiles three effective
checkers, all women, and presents them as role models. The film is an enjoyable period piece
that highlights the work of women in the service industries. NOTE: Produced in Ektachrome.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/FrontLin1965.

159. FRONTIERS OF THE FUTURE: A SCREEN EDITORIAL WITH LOWELL THOMAS

(1937, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Industrial Council. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. NARRATOR: Lowell Thomas.

37
 General Motors around the World

RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 83; GM Catalog, 15. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Short sponsored by a manufacturers group to improve the public image of industry during
the Great Depression. “Where are tomorrow’s opportunities? What’s ahead in America for
you and your children?” asks narrator Lowell Thomas. Looking into the future, Thomas pre-
dicts economic revitalization made possible through industrial research. The “frontiers” are
emerging fields such as aviation and television broadcasting that will create new opportunities
and products for Americans. NOTE: The National Industrial Council comprised representatives
of state manufacturers associations. The film, which was also released in 16mm, was sold to
corporations in a kit with film strips and a projector. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Frontier1937.

160. GENERAL MOTORS AROUND THE WORLD (1927, silent, 38 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: General Motors Export Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Newspapers Film Corp. RESOURCES: Copyright not reg-
istered; “Film Shows Progress of Our Autos Abroad,” NYT, Jan. 24, 1928, 25; “Auto Film Shows World on
Wheels,” NYT, Jan. 26, 1928, 26. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Panorama of the world operations of General Motors, commissioned by company president
J.D. Mooney to accompany his annual report to the GM executive committee. Said to have
been shot in 25 countries on five continents, the film documents the reach of this early
decentralized business organization and the spread of the automobile to 104 overseas mar-
kets. The short also includes scenes at the corporate headquarters in Detroit, in the “Master
Controls” statistics room in New York, and of operations in Belgium, Brazil, Egypt, Peru,
and Spain. NOTE: The New York Times (Jan. 26, 1928) reported that General Motors around
the World had been screened to an invited audience of journalists, bankers, and exporters
on board the Aquitania, which was moored at a New York City pier. The Newspapers Film
Corporation evolved into the Jam Handy Organization. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/GeneralM1927.

161. GIFT OF LIFE (1920, silent, 4 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Social Hygiene Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright 15Oct20
MP1783; EFC (1936), 36; EFC (1939), 152. HOLDINGS: LC.
Early sex education film sponsored by the national group created to inform the public about
sexuality and venereal disease. In Gift of Life a scientist helps a boy observe the reproductive
processes of tiny plants and animals under a microscope and uses animated diagrams to explain
the reproductive processes of higher animals and humans. NOTE: The film was made for high
school and college students, PTA groups, and similar audiences and praised by state educa-
tional authorities. It was later distributed in 16mm and revised in 1939.

162. GIVE US THIS DAY (ca. 1950, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Oregon Wheat Growers League. DIRECTOR: Robert Carlisle. PRODUCER: Felber Maasdam. WRITER:
William N. Robson. CAMERA: Felber Maasdam. MUSIC: George Poole. NARRATOR: Gayne Whitman. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: UGA.
Agricultural film promoting wheat and showing how it is produced. Profiling an eastern
Oregon wheat-farming family working a 1,200-acre ranch, Give Us This Day was shot over
the course of a year and documents fertilizing, planting, harvesting, and milling operations
as well as off-season activities. Included is a time-lapse sequence of wheat germination and
growth. The film promotes wheat as a healthy food that builds people who “are taller, health-
ier, and heavier than those who depend on rice.” The farm family—Floyd and Bobbie Root
and sons Bill and Bud—live near The Dalles, Oregon. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

38
 Golden Years of Progress

163. GIVE YOURSELF THE GREEN LIGHT (1954, sound, 24 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Dept. of Public Relations, General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization.
RESOURCES: Copyright 6May54 MU5702. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film by the world’s largest automobile company advocating the construction of the interstate
highway system. It makes its case by poking fun at the inadequacies of America’s antiquated
roads (it shows frustrated drivers dissolving into a herd of sheep) and likening “freedom of
the road” to the basic freedoms for which Americans have fought and to the Manifest Destiny
of national expansion. With numerous scenes of cities, roads, and freeways under construc-
tion, the film argues for “better highways and more parking spaces.” Included is a sequence
showing Robert Moses, New York City’s commissioner of construction, accepting an award
for best essay in GM’s Better Highways Contest. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/GiveYour1954.

164. GOING PLACES (1952, sound, 17 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: General Electric Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “GE Film Hits Traffic
Mess…Sells Greater Use of Buses,” Bus Transportation 31 (Dec. 1952): 68; “Evolution in Traffic,” Bus Scrn
13, no. 6 (1952): 37. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Promotional film advocating the construction of public transportation systems. Going Places
uses animation to demonstrate the benefits of buses, trolleys, and streetcars over private
automobiles and argues for community involvement in transportation planning. Shot in Los
Angeles and New York City, the short includes sequences of traffic jams, accidents, freeways,
and public transit facilities. NOTE: General Electric manufactured mass transit vehicles.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/GoingPlaces.

165. THE GOLDEN EAGLET (1918, silent, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Girl Scouts of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. WRITER: Josephine Daskam Bacon. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Motion Picture of Girl Scouts,” Atlan Con, May 10, 1922, 9. HOLDINGS: GEH.
Adventure of Girl Scout Margaret Ferris, who saves her friend’s life by ingeniously applying
her merit-badge skills and earns the Scout’s highest honor, the Golden Eaglet. This film has
been a favorite among Scouts for generations.

166. THE GOLDEN YEARS (1960, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film for the bowling equipment manufacturer that was aimed at bowling center
owners and operators. The Golden Years positions bowling as a suburban family activity rather
than a blue-collar urban pursuit and shows families enjoying the sport at spotlessly new,
automated Brunswick Bowling Centers. NOTE: The film is similar to Golden Opportunity,
made by the Jam Handy Organization for the same sponsor. Produced in Ektachrome.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/GoldenYe1960.

167. GOLDEN YEARS OF PROGRESS (1933, sound, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS: Advertising Federation of America; American Association of Advertising Agencies; Association
of National Advertisers. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Charles W. Barrell. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Advertising Urged to ‘Sell’ New Deal,” NYT, July 1, 1933, 5; Strother Holland
Walker and Paul Sklar, “Business Finds Its Voice,” Harper’s Magazine, Feb. 1938, 322. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film for the American advertising industry that was created for exhibition at
the 1933–34 Chicago World’s Fair. Golden Years of Progress recounts the history of advertising
through the life of an average American family over the past 50 years. A spokesperson for the

39
 The Goodall Summertime

sponsors, quoted in Harper’s Magazine, said that the film brings “home to the public what a
force general advertising had been in giving them the standard of living existing today.”

168. THE GOODALL SUMMERTIME: THE STORY OF WARM WEATHER PROFITS

(1932, silent, 50 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Goodall Worsted Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Caravel Films Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: NHF.

Sales promotion film aimed at menswear shops stocking the sponsor’s lightweight “Palm
Beach Suits.” Framed by a fictional narrative about a merchant eager to boost sales, the film
describes the patented Goodall weave and gives tips on selling warm-weather suits. The Goodall
Summertime includes footage of millworkers and textile manufacture at Sanford Mills in Maine.

169. GOODBYE, MR. GERM (1940, sound, 14 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Tuberculosis Association. PRODUCTION CO.: DeFrenes Studios. DIRECTOR: Edgar G. Ulmer.
CAMERA: Joseph Noble. CAST: James Kirkwood. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1940–41), 89.
HOLDINGS: AAFF, NARA.

Antituberculosis film targeted at children that drives home its message with live action and
animation. The short portrays the infection and cure of a two-year-old boy. Included is a
visit to a surreal laboratory, where a doctor addresses the animated tuberculosis bacillus “Tee
Bee” via a radio device hooked up to his microscope before killing off the germ and its tribe.
NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

170. GOOD-BYE, MR. ROACH (ca. 1959, sound, 10 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Velsicol Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Clemson College Extension Service. DIRECTOR/CAMERA: L.W. Riley.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Introduction to cockroaches and their extermination sponsored by an insecticide manufac-

turer. Good-bye, Mr. Roach promotes the use of Velsicol’s Chlordane both at home and in
larger pest-control projects. In one scene the workers pump the insecticide directly into sewers.
Dramatic music accompanies a time-lapse sequence of roaches emerging from eggs. NOTE:
The film was a companion to Goodbye, Mrs. Ant. Produced in Kodachrome. Black-and-white
copy viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/GoodbyeM1959.

171. A GREAT RAILROAD AT WORK (1942, sound, 40 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization.
NARRATOR: Lowell Thomas. RESOURCES: Copyright 27Jun42 and 2Jul42 MU12644. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger,
MacDonald.
Film showcasing the behind-the-scenes operations of a major railroad. Originally produced
to inspire corporate spirit among its dispersed employees, A Great Railroad at Work testifies
to the wartime importance of the industry. Included are scenes showing freight service, track
maintenance, passenger amenities on the Yankee Clipper, and operations at New York’s
Grand Central Terminal. NOTE: The documentary was later distributed in 16mm to civic
groups, churches, social organizations, and schools. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/GreatRai1942.

172. THE GREAT SWINDLE (1948, sound, 35 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Union Films.
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Carl Aldo Marzani. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Feb48 LP1690; Ec Ed, 20; “Better Living,”
173–75, 269. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC/Prelinger.
Tendentious union-sponsored film confronting the price increases in consumer goods after
World War II. Plagued by shortages, worker Tom Grey falls prey to propaganda from the
National Association of Manufacturers and votes to remove price controls. Prices skyrocket

40
 Heads Win

and Tom looks for a reason. He sees a union film that traces the cause to corporate domina-
tion of the American economy. The Great Swindle urges workers to mobilize through union
membership and political action. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/GreatSwi1948. For more on the director, see “Marzani Turns to Film Making Awaiting
Red Charge Appeal,” Wash Post, Feb. 27, 1948, B1.

173. THE GREEN HAND (1939, sound, 45 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Future Farmers of America; Sears, Roebuck Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Venard Organization.
PRODUCER: C.L. Venard. CAST: Paul Chapman, M.D. Mobley, Alpha Fowler Jr., Mrs. J.W. Bailey. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; advertisement, Bus Scrn 2, no. 4 (1940): 29. HOLDINGS: UGA.
Drama advocating the introduction of scientific agricultural techniques in the South. In the
story Fred Dale, a misdirected youth, accidentally shoots the “vocational agriculture” teacher.
Persuaded to take agriculture courses and join the Future Farmers of America, he turns him-
self around. He develops a co-operative project to grow tomatoes for a soup company, falls in
love with the company president’s daughter, wins the FFA public speaking contest, and res-
cues his family’s farm from foreclosure. His winning speech advocates modern agricultural
practices as a way to lead the South out of poverty. NOTE: Shot at the University of Georgia
College of Agriculture with nonprofessional actors, the film is based on Fred Chapman’s
1932 novel of the same name. Chapman was the university’s dean of agriculture. The title is
taken from the name of the FFA’s entry level of membership, the “Greenhand.”

174. HAMPTON INSTITUTE PRESENTS ITS PROGRAM OF EDUCATION FOR LIFE

(1941, silent, 33 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Harmon Foundation. DIRECTORS/CAMERA: Ray and Virginia Garner. WRITER: Evelyn S.
Brown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Mr., Mrs. FDR to See Premiere of Hampton Movie,” Chi Def,
July 19, 1941, 7; “A Hampton Film,” Chi Def, Dec. 13, 1941, 5; Negro Year, 455. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Documentary about the Hampton Institute’s philosophy of integrated work and study.
The film illustrates the opportunities for African American students in the trades, agricul-
ture, home economics, the arts, education, and business and also shows young men and
women in civilian and military training programs. NOTE: The documentary premiered at the
home of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in Hyde Park. The Amateur Cinema League listed
the film as one of the 10 best 16mm pictures of 1941. Produced in Kodachrome. Also dis-
tributed in black and white.

175. HEADS UP BASEBALL (1937, sound, 36 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: American League of Professional Baseball Clubs; Fisher Body Div., General Motors Corp.
PRODUCTION CO.: Metropolitan Motion Picture Co. DIRECTOR/WRITER: George Moriarty. NARRATOR: Ted Husing.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; M.R. McKeown, “Detroit: The Commercial Hollywood,” Barron’s,
June 29, 1936, 12; “Official Baseball Picture Released,” LAT, Feb. 2, 1937, A13; EFC (1939), 231. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Motion picture produced by the American League to promote interest in the game. Baseball
stars Bob Feller, Joe DiMaggio, and Lou Gehrig explain misunderstood rules and demon-
strate the science of pitching, catching, and batting. The film also shows the highlights of
the 1936 baseball season. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

176. HEADS WIN (1919, silent, 5 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: International Correspondence Schools. PRODUCTION CO.: Universal Film Manufacturing Co.
DIRECTOR: Preston Kendall. PRODUCER: Harry Levey. WRITER: G. Lynn Sumner. CAST: Roy Adams, Ivy Ward.
RESOURCES: Copyright 7Apr19 LP13899; advertisement, Reel and Slide 2 (May 1919): 45; G. Lynn Sumner,
“Motion Picture Teaches Advantages of Special Training,” Reel and Slide 2 (June 1919): 13–14. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.

41
 Hear Now

Promotional film for the well-known correspondence school. In the narrative a rank-and-file
employee of the “Goliath Electric Company” is rejected for promotion and dismissed for his
bad temper. Stymied in his job search by a lack of skills, he follows his wife’s advice and enrolls
in an International Correspondence School to study electrical engineering. The newly trained
engineer is rehired. Putting his educational skills to the test during a dramatic emergency, he
wins a promotion. NOTE: When screened at the Strand Theater in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in
April 1919, Heads Win reportedly attracted 7,000 viewers. The film was distributed by the
Bureau of Commercial Economics.

177. HEAR NOW (1958, sound, 18 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of Broadcasters. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film celebrating the contribution of radio to American life. Produced at a time
when television was emerging as a major competitor, Hear Now recalls the key historical
events reported by radio as well as its role in enabling disaster response, disseminating public
information, and providing family entertainment. The film brings together historical footage
and newly shot sequences.

178. HEMO THE MAGNIFICENT (1957, sound, 59 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Frank Capra Productions. DIRECTORS: Frank
Capra, William T. Hurtz. PRODUCERS: Frank Capra, Shamus Culhane. WRITER: Frank Capra. ANIMATION: Shamus
Culhane Productions. CAST: Frank Baxter, Richard Carlson, June Foray, Marvin Miller, Sterling Holloway.
RESOURCES: Copyright 26Feb57 LP9755; “Science Dramatizes Your Circulatory System,” CT, Mar. 16, 1957,
C3; “Bell Shows Hemo the Magnificent,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 2 (1957): 12; Jack Gould, “TV: The Story of Blood,”
NYT, Mar. 21, 1957, 63; Jackie Southerland, “TV Science Film Hard to Follow,” CT, Mar. 21, 1957, D7; James
Gilbert, Redeeming Culture: American Religion in an Age of Science (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1997), 199–223. HOLDINGS: AAFF, AFANA, LC, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Popular science film sponsored by the telephone company. Integrating animation and micro-
photography, the documentary gives a tour of the body’s circulatory system under the guidance
of a scientist and a fiction writer. Jack Gould wrote, “Learning and laughter are wonderful
companions…. Mr. Capra and the scientists who aided him in the film are to be thanked for
making a difficult subject understandable to a layman.” The film contains no direct advertising.
NOTE: The second offering in the acclaimed Bell System Science series, Hemo the Magnificent
was originally broadcast to an estimated 13 million homes. The Bell System distributed some
five hundred 16mm prints to schools and community groups. For more about the Bell System
Science series, see “Industry Takes a Hand,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 7 (1957): 38–39.

179. HERITAGE OF SPLENDOR (1963, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Richfield Oil Co.; Keep America Beautiful Inc.; James H. Matthews & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Alfred
Higgins Productions. NARRATOR: Ronald Reagan. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Heather Rogers, Gone
Tomorrow: The Hidden Life of Garbage (New York: New Press, 2005), 141–44. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Public service film urging Americans to stop roadside littering. Jointly sponsored by a petro-
leum company, a printing equipment manufacturer, and a national organization encouraging
citizens to take greater responsibility for community improvement, Heritage of Splendor sees
roadside litter not only as an ugly nuisance but as a threat to America’s great natural resources.
NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/Heritage1963.

180. HIDDEN HARVEST (1935, sound, 85 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Checkerboard Feed Co.; Ralston Purina Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; Ralph M. Cronin, “The ABC’s of Building Audiences for Industrial Films,” Sales

42
 Highway Hearing

Mgmt 61 (Oct. 1, 1946): 134; Gregory A. Waller, “Free Talking Picture—Every Farmer Is Welcome: Non-
Theatrical Film and Everyday Life in Rural America during the 1930s,” in Going to the Movies: The Social
Experience of Movie-Going, eds. Robert Allen, Richard Maltby, and Melvyn Stokes (Exeter, UK: Exeter
University Press, forthcoming). HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Movie for rural audiences that promotes the efficient use of animal feed. Injured in an acci-
dent, a wealthy young man goes to live on a farm to recuperate and becomes attracted to the
farmer’s daughter. Inspired by a screening of an animal feed promotional film titled Animal
Checkers, the young man helps improve the farm and marries his sweetheart.

181. THE HIGH WALL (1952, sound, 32 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith; Illinois Dept. of Public Health; Illinois Dept. of Public
Information; Columbia Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: New World Productions. PRODUCER: Ted Robinson.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Dorothy Barclay, “New Film Depicts Bias as a Malady,” NYT, Feb. 16,
1952, 9. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Film produced for a coalition of public service groups to combat racial and ethnic hatred.
The narrative follows an emotionally insecure Chicago teenager whose bigoted thinking leads
him to violence. The High Wall explores how prejudices are passed like “a contagious disease”
from parent to child, teacher to pupils, and youth to youth, and suggests strategies for break-
ing the cycle.

182. HIGHLIGHTS AND SHADOWS (1938, sound, 55 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Eastman Kodak Co. DIRECTORS/WRITERS: Kenneth R. Edwards, James Sibley
Watson Jr. PRODUCER: James Sibley Watson Jr. MUSIC: Symphony Orchestra of the Eastman School of
Music. CAMERA: James Sibley Watson Jr., Boyd W. Thomas. Narrator: Lowell Thomas. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; Arthur Ellis, “Camera Angles,” Wash Post, Mar. 19, 1939, T10; EFC (1939), 220; “Kodak
Sales Soar 31% to $40,430,035,” Wash Post, Apr. 29, 1942, 25; “K.R. Edwards Dies; Eastman Official,” NYT,
Dec. 18, 1949, 88. HOLDINGS: GEH, UCLA.
Kodak promotional film exploring the history and technology of photography. Positioning
photography as the apogee of mankind’s efforts to record its activity, Highlights and Shadows
details the research, testing, and manufacturing of cameras, lenses, film, and photographic
paper during a tour of Kodak’s plant in Rochester, New York. Bursting with montage sequences,
optical effects, and dramatic footage, the film functions as a tribute to the medium as well as
a demonstration of its possibilities. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. James Sibley Watson was
a board member of Eastman Kodak Co. A New York Times obituary credited Kenneth R.
Edwards as a contributor.

183. HIGHWAY BY THE SEA (1953, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Dynamic Films Inc. DIRECTOR: Lee R. Bobker. MUSIC: Oscar Brand.
NARRATOR: Alexander Scourby. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Highway by the Sea—Western Scenic,”
Bus Scrn 15, no. 1 (1954): 115; “Ford’s Five-Year Plan,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 8 (1954): 21. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Ford travelogue documenting a journey on U.S. Highway 101 from Tijuana, Mexico, to Puget
Sound, Washington. Included are points of interest, communities, and landscapes along the
West Coast route. Carrying no explicit Ford advertising, the road trip is accompanied by nar-
ration and a ballad by folk singer Oscar Brand.

184. HIGHWAY HEARING (1956, sound, 29 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Dow Chemical Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Universal-International Pictures. WRITER: Oeveste Granducci.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Public Hearings on New Highways Reviewed in a Dow Chemical
Film,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 7 (1957): 48. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Argument for the interstate highway system sponsored by Dow Chemical Company, a mem-
ber of the “highway lobby” by virtue of its manufacture of weed-control chemicals, plastics,

43
 The Home Economics Story

and automobile-cleaning products. In the story Connersville, Indiana, learns it is to be by-

passed by a new freeway. At a meeting, government officials, residents, state highway experts,
and politicians view a film-within-the-film called Highway Challenge, and the locals are won
over. Highway Hearing concludes with the argument that freeways should provide the great-
est good to the greatest number of people. NOTE: Prints for television broadcast were released
in black and white. Also distributed in 16mm. Black-and-white version viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/HighwayH1956.

185. THE HOME ECONOMICS STORY (1951, sound, 24 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Home Economics Div., Iowa State College. PRODUCTION CO.: Film Production Unit, Iowa State
College. RESOURCES: Copyright 01Apr51 MP2159; Mental Hygiene, 159. HOLDINGS: Iowa State, LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film for the Iowa State College home economics program showing the educa-
tion of three home economics majors. The Home Economics Story outlines the components of
the curriculum and the vocational opportunities for graduates. The narrator makes clear that
“each girl has been preparing for two careers, one her chosen specialty, the other…a career
in homemaking.” NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/HomeEcon1951.

186. THE HOME ELECTRICAL (1915, silent, 9 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: General Electric Co. PRODUCERS: Charles E. Batheholts, John W. Schwem.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Max Loewenthal, “Uses of Electricity in the Home,” LAT, Nov. 28,
1915, VIII, 4. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film advertising GE’s home appliance line. On a tour of a modern home, the visitor marvels
at an array of electrical appliances, including a centralized vacuum cleaner, a refrigerator with
a basement compressor, and a cigar lighter. NOTE: The film was part of a national “Home
Electrical” campaign involving electrical appliance shows and screenings. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/HomeElec_2. For more information on the
producer, see John W. Schwem, “My 45 Years of Business Filmmaking,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 2
(1954): 56.

187. HOPE, A RED CROSS SEAL STORY (1912, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A.
Edison Inc. WRITER: James Oppenheim. RESOURCES: Copyright 8Nov12 LP101; “Film Urges Hygiene,” Wash
Post, Nov. 10, 1912, E3. HOLDINGS: MoMA.
Tuberculosis prevention film sponsored by the national public health association and pro-
duced to assist in the 1912 Red Cross “Christmas Seal” fund-raising campaign. A country
banker scoffs at an invitation to assist in a tuberculosis campaign, dismissing TB as an urban
disease. He does not know that his fiancée has contracted it and must leave their small town
to receive treatment. When she departs, the banker sees his error and organizes local anti-
tuberculosis activities. The film ends with the patient’s recovery and the couple’s reunion.

188. HOTEL DEL MONTE (1897, silent, 1 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Southern Pacific Railroad. PRODUCTION CO.: Edison Manufacturing Co. DIRECTOR: James H. White.
CAMERA: Frederick W. Blechynden. RESOURCES: Copyright 25Oct1897 60586; AFI 1893–1910, 486; Emergence,
234. HOLDINGS: LC.
Views of tourists at the opulent resort in Monterey, California. Note: Among the other early
titles promoting the sponsor are Southern Pacific Overland Mail and Going Through the Tunnel.

189. THE HOUSE I LIVE IN (1945, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith. PRODUCTION CO.: Frank Ross Productions Ltd. DIRECTOR:
Mervyn LeRoy. PRODUCER: Frank Ross. WRITER: Albert Maltz. CAMERA: Robert De Grasse. MUSIC: Axel Stordahl.

44
 The Hungry Dragon

EDITOR: Philip Martin Jr. CAST: Frank Sinatra. RESOURCES: Copyright 9Nov45 LP13665; Lawrence F. LaMar,
“Sinatra’s Anti-Bias Movie Short Scores Hit at Preview,” Chi Def, Oct. 13, 1945, 14; Film Forum Review
staff, “The House I Live In,” in Ideas, 202–3; Mental Hygiene, 159. HOLDINGS: AAFF, GEH, LC, LC/Prelinger,
Prelinger, UCLA, UGA.
Advocacy film commissioned by the civil rights organization to discourage ethnic and racial
prejudice. Caught in a dispute that assumes ethnic dimensions, a group of boys find common
interests through the intervention of Frank Sinatra, who tells a story and sings two songs.
NOTE: The title number was written by Earl Robinson and Lewis Allan [Abel Meeropol].
This widely distributed film, produced at the end of World War II, discourages prejudice
but disparages people of Japanese ancestry.

190. THE HOUSE IN THE MIDDLE (1954, sound, 12 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSORS: National Paint, Varnish, and Lacquer Association; National Clean Up–Paint Up–Fix Up Bureau;
Federal Civil Defense Administration. PRODUCTION CO.: Robert J. Enders Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright 3May54
MP4701; “Business Sponsors Two Films to Aid Civil Defense Program,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 5 (1954): 18.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Civil defense film promoting the well-maintained house as part of America’s line of defense
against nuclear attack. Cosponsored by the paint and coating industry’s national trade associ-
ation and the federal government, The House in the Middle uses footage shot at the Nevada
Proving Ground (now the Nevada Test Site) to demonstrate how a clean, freshly painted house
has the survival edge in the event of a nuclear blast. NOTE: Released in 16mm Kodachrome
and in black and white. Abridged version for television broadcast. Selected for the National
Film Registry. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Houseint1954.

191. HOW MOTION PICTURES MOVE AND TALK (1939, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Bell & Howell Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Castle Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Leading
Sales Films of 1938–39 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 45 (Oct. 10, 1939): 54; EFG (1945), 354.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Promotional film for Bell & Howell film projectors illustrating the technological basics of
motion pictures. Designed for students and amateur movie buffs, How Motion Pictures Move
and Talk shows (in animation) how sound is recorded on film and how release prints are made.
NOTE: The short film is said to have reached more than 1 million students through 5,000
showings during its first year of release. In addition to the 200 prints made for free educa-
tional loan, another 200 prints were available for rent from dealers and distributors. Released in
16mm and 8mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/HowMotionPic.

192. HOW TO CATCH A COLD (1951, sound, 11 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Kimberly-Clark Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Walt Disney Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright 24Aug51
LP1166; Carl Spielvogel, “Advertising: The Company Motion Picture,” NYT, Feb. 9, 1958, F9. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Animated film sponsored by the maker of Kleenex Tissues to give tips on how to prevent
the common cold. “Common Man” learns the danger of the “invisible menace” of cold germs
from “Common Sense,” his miniature alter ego. Common Sense demonstrates the sanitary
way to blow one’s nose and recommends using disposable tissues. NOTE: Also released in
16mm. Carl Spielvogel wrote that the film was “shown on projectors 233,000 times and
1,416 times on television” in its first seven years of release.

193. THE HUNGRY DRAGON (1925, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York Tuberculosis and Health Association. DIRECTOR: Arthur Edwin Krows. PRODUCER: Carlyle
Ellis. CAMERA: Walter Pritchard. PUPPETRY: Remo Bufano. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Film Reviews

45
 I’ll Tell the World

for October,” Ed Scrn 4 (Oct. 1925): 498; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theatres,” Ed
Scrn 20 (Apr. 1941): 151. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Puppet animation film promoting good health habits for children. According to one reviewer,
The Hungry Dragon drives home its lesson through a fairy-tale-like story involving a little
princess and a handsome knight, Right Living: “Bad Food and Late Hours seize the Princess,
bind her and carry her off…through the Forest of Declining Health…. And finally they turn
loose upon her their pet dragon, Tuberculosis, but the Knight Right Living is in close pur-
suit. He battles with the dragon, rescues the princess and they live happily ever after” (Ed
Scrn, Oct. 1925).

194. I’LL TELL THE WORLD (1939, sound, 4 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Macfadden Publications. PRODUCTION CO.: Splay Pictures Corp. DIRECTOR: Lynn Shores. PRODUCER/
WRITER: Herbert Crooker. NARRATOR: Lowell Thomas. CAST: Patricia Murray, Billy and Bobby Mauch, Jed
Prouty, Rex the Dog. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Bosley Crowther, “Films for the Fair,” NYT, Mar.
5, 1939, X5; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1, 1939):
34–47. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Comedy commissioned by the large magazine publisher to illustrate the power of advertising.
An American family risks hard times when the father’s button business falters because of his
resistance to advertising. His family persuades him to give modern marketing a go, and his
business bounces back. The story is punctuated with facts and figures demonstrating the effi-
cacy of advertising. NOTE: According to a report in Sales Management, I’ll Tell the World was
inspired by a George Sokolsky column, published in Macfadden’s Liberty magazine. The film
was produced in Hollywood and exhibited at half-hour intervals in the Macfadden Audito-
rium at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. Herbert Crooker was a staff writer at Liberty.

195. THE IMAGE OF A MAN (1958, sound, length unknown, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Esquire Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
MacDonald.
Film sponsored by Esquire to acquaint its sales force with new thinking about consumer
behavior as well as the work of Ernest Dichter, a pioneer in motivational research. The film
relates Esquire to its readership and includes sequences showing upper-middle-class family
life of the period.

196. IN MY MERRY OLDSMOBILE (1931, sound, 7 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Olds Motor Works. PRODUCTION CO.: Fleischer Studios. DIRECTOR: Dave Fleischer. PRODUCER: Max
Fleischer. ANIMATION: Jimmie “Shamus” Culhane, Al Eugster, Rudy Zamora. CAST: Billy Murray, Gus Wickie.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Leonard Maltin, Of Mice and Magic (New York: New American Library
and McGraw-Hill, 1980), 88, 96. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Advertising cartoon filled with double entendres and suggestive imagery. Leonard Maltin
called it “a delightful short, with a bouncing-ball chorus, that ranks alongside any contempo-
rary Fleischer cartoon in terms of quality and content.” NOTE: In My Merry Oldsmobile takes
its title from the 1905 song by Gus Edwards and Vincent P. Bryan. The film was distributed
theatrically. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/InMyMerr1932.

197. IN OUR HANDS (1950; sound; 4 films, 11–21 min ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSORS: Inland Steel Co.; Borg-Warner Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR:
Jack Tilles. WRITER: James Prindle. CAMERA: J.J. LaFleur. EDITOR: Glen McGowan. RESOURCES: Copyright
1Dec50 LP573; “In Our Hands: Workers Talk Economics,” Mod Ind 22 (July 15, 1951): 40–45; “Public
Relations—Bold New Concept Pays Off,” Iron Age 168 (Aug. 23, 1951): 85; Selling, 83–84; Mental
Hygiene, 164. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

46
 In Tune with Tomorrow

Four-part series crafted by large business interests to promote free enterprise and small gov-
ernment. Part 1: How We Got What We Have transports a young couple back to the Stone Age,
where they lack sophisticated tools and come to blows with another couple over resources.
Part 2: What We Have shows the public benefit of industry by illustrating the bounties enjoyed
by a typical housewife. In Part 3: How to Lose What We Have citizens vote for the big govern-
ment “Master Plan,” which ushers in forced collectivization, the mandatory relocation of
families, and the closure of churches. Part 4: How to Keep What We Have urges Americans
to oppose an expanded government role, a step that the film argues would lead to a planned
economy. More dramatic than most free-enterprise booster films, In Our Hands recognizes
little distinction between government planning and dictatorship. NOTE: The sponsors took
the films on a rail tour to five cities, showing it to workers aboard a special car equipped with
a meeting room and a theater. The sponsor also distributed an economic education course
for workers under the same title. Modern Industry reported that screening the film with this
discussion program “loosens even inarticulate tongues.” The series received a Freedoms
Foundation award in 1950. Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/InOurHan1950.

198. IN THE SUBURBS (1957, sound, 20 min, color/b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Redbook Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: On Film Inc. DIRECTOR: Tracy Ward [Virginia Bell]. CAMERA:
Bert Spielvogel. DESIGNERS: Tracy Ward [Virginia Bell], Bert Spielvogel, Jean Sharpe, Carlo Arcamone,
Joseph Cole, Herbert Hagens. RESOURCES: Copyright 29Nov57 LP10279. HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger.
Film promoting advertising in Redbook as the best way to reach young suburban consumers,
a growing demographic of the late 1950s. It makes the point through a rich collection of
actuality footage showing families and children engaged in leisure activities at home and at
the shopping center. Assembled like a collage, In the Suburbs integrates photographs and text
and mixes sound with silent footage, color with black and white, and handheld with tripod
shots. The narration is delivered with amused detachment. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/IntheSub1957. On Film was a
Princeton company with close ties to the avant-garde film community.

199. IN TUNE WITH TOMORROW (1939, sound, 15 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Plymouth Div., Chrysler Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Loucks & Norling Studios. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: John
Norling. MUSIC: George Steiner. NARRATOR: Edward “Major” Bowes. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“The World’s Fair Survey of Motion Pictures and Slidefilms at the Fairs,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 1 (1939): 24;
“Polaroid Movie Has First Showing,” NYT, May 7, 1939, 40; “Woes in Producing of Film Described,” NYT,
May 16, 1939, 19; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July
1, 1939): 34–47; “Leading Sales Films of 1938–39 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 45 (Oct. 10, 1939):
52; Folke T. Kihlstedt, “Utopia Realized: The World’s Fairs of the 1930s,” in Imagining Tomorrow: History,
Technology, and the American Future, ed. Joseph J. Corn (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986), 111.
HOLDINGS: Sabucat.

Innovative stop-motion animation film. Produced for showing at the Chrysler pavilion at the
1939–40 New York World’s Fair, In Tune with Tomorrow illustrates the precision assembly
techniques used to make Plymouths. The assembly is synchronized to music and accompa-
nied by the narration of Edward “Major” Bowes, Chrysler’s familiar radio announcer. NOTE:
Produced in Technicolor and Polaroid 3-D, In Tune with Tomorrow is thought to be both the
first 3-D film in color and the first 3-D film with spoken word. Shooting consumed 36 days.
A revised version, New Dimensions, was shown at the fair in 1940 and seen by 1.5 million
people. The film was reissued in 1954 as Motor Rhythm.

47
 In the Wake of the Storm

200. IN THE WAKE OF THE STORM (1925, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: International Harvester Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; advertisement,
Ed Scrn 4 (June 1925): 324; unsigned review, Ed Scrn 4 (Sept. 1925): 422. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Report on the disaster response to the devastating tornado that swept across southern Indiana
on March 18, 1925, taking some 900 lives and leaving thousands homeless. Farm machinery
contributed by International Harvester helped revitalize damaged cropland and get inhabitants
back on their feet. NOTE: International Harvester loaned the film at no charge to community
and educational groups.

201. INCREASING FARM EFFICIENCY: DELCO FARM LIGHTING

(1918, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: William Lowman. PRODUCER: Harold Chenoweth. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
Nebraska.
Promotional film commissioned by a Nebraska Delco franchise owner to illustrate the
benefits of farm electrification. The documentary shows how electric lighting transforms
rural life and pictures the illuminated interiors of farms, businesses, and a church. NOTE:
After he was named Delco Salesman of the Year in 1918, William Lowman used his award
money to finance this film. Increasing Farm Efficiency was shown in his hometown of Silver
Creek as well as at the national Delco convention.

202. INCREDIBLE MACHINE (1968, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Owen Murphy Productions. DIRECTOR: Paul
Cohen. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Informational film about recent advances in communications technology developed at the Bell
Telephone Laboratories. The breakthroughs include computer graphics, computer-synthesized
speech, and computer-generated movies and music as well as prototypes for other cutting-edge
applications. NOTE: Received an award at the American Film Festival in 1969.

203. INDUSTRY ON PARADE

(1950–60; sound; approx 503 episodes, approx 13 min ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Association of Manufacturers. PRODUCTION COS.: NBC; Arthur Lodge Productions.
RESOURCES: “National Association of Manufacturers TV Newsreel Gets Widespread Showings,” Bus Scrn
13, no. 3 (1952): 64; Selling, 52; Susan B. Strange and Wendy Shay, “Industry on Parade Film Collection
1950–1960, #507,” National Museum of American History, americanhistory.si.edu/archives/d4507.htm.
HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, SI/NMAH, SPPN Images, UCLA, UGA.

Series portraying the nation’s industrial sector during the 1950s. The films strove for a broad
representation of American enterprises and even included profiles of mom-and-pop operations.
NOTE: Industry on Parade was a key component of a public relations campaign to promote
the benefits of free enterprise. The series was produced by NBC until 1953, when it moved
to Arthur Lodge Productions. The National Association of Manufacturers supplied episodes
at no charge to television stations, which often aired them through the sponsorship of local
businesses. The NAM also loaned episodes at no charge to schools and community groups.
The series won a Peabody Award in 1954 for television national public service. Selections
are viewable online at Internet Archive.

204. INDUSTRY’S DISINHERITED (1949, sound, 21 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Union Films.
PRODUCER: Carl Aldo Marzani. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, UCLA.

Advocacy film sponsored by the leftist labor union to expose the plight of senior citizens shut
out of the postwar economic boom. Industry’s Disinherited shows the poverty and despair of

48
 Inside Test City, U.S.A.

older Americans forced to rely on inadequate pension and social security payments, and
demands increased government benefits for seniors.

205. THE INFORMATION MACHINE (1957, sound, 10 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: IBM Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Eames Studio. DIRECTORS: Charles and Ray Eames. MUSIC: Elmer
Bernstein. NARRATOR: Vic Perrin. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers
to the Nontheatrical Film Field,” NYT, Oct. 12, 1958, X9; Lucia Eames, “Filmography,” Eames Office, eames-
office.com/index2.php?mod=filmography. HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film humanizing the concept of computers through animation and live action. Taking a histor-
ical view, The Information Machine portrays the computer as a logical extension of the human
desire to make connections and traces the machine’s evolution from primitive calculation
devices. NOTE: The film was exhibited in the United States Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels
World’s Fair.

206. INGENUITY IN ACTION (1959, sound, 26 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Hot Rod Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Sid Davis Productions. DIRECTORS: Sid Davis, Haile Chase.
WRITER: Haile Chase. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Eleanor “Ma” Sidebotham, “Youth’s Ingenuity
in Action,” CSM, Mar. 15, 1961, 11. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
How-to film sponsored by Hot Rod magazine to help novices prepare for drag races and car
shows. A portrait of the nomadic auto racer culture of the 1950s, Ingenuity in Action pictures
races, auto shows, and life on the road and includes appearances by racers Chuck Jones and
Wally Parks, Hot Rod publisher Robert Petersen, and auto executives Ed Cole and Tex Colbert.
NOTE: Produced and released in 16mm Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Ingenuit1958.

207. THE INHERITANCE (1964, sound, 60 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Harold Mayer Productions.
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Harold Mayer. WRITER: Millard Lampell. MUSIC: George Kleinsinger. EDITOR: Lawrence
Silk. MUSIC: Judy Collins, Pete Seeger, Tom Paxton, Page Gaynes. NARRATOR: Robert Ryan. RESOURCES:
Copyright 14May64 MP14411; A.H. Weiler, “Screen: A Tribute to the Workingman,” NYT, Nov. 9, 1964, 42.
HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.

Documentary celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of

America by outlining the improvements the union has won for clothing workers over its five
decades. The Inheritance draws from archival and modern live-action footage and features
songs contributed by popular artists. NOTE: The film premiered theatrically in New York City
and was shown widely to unions and community organizations. It was also distributed in
40- and 16-minute versions.

208. THE INNER MAN STEPS OUT (1951, sound, 32 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Pathéscope Productions. DIRECTOR: Robert Wilmot.
PRODUCER: Henry Strauss. WRITER: Dun Roman. CAMERA: William Steiner. MUSIC: Morris Mamorsky. EDITOR:
Rogers Keene. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Richard Rutter, “New Attitudes Made to Order,” NYT,
Dec. 31, 1955, 19; Nancy Lou Blitzen, “Looking into Pictures: Pros and Cons of the Psychological Trend in
Films,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 6 (1957): 28–30. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Management-training film for plant supervisors that avoids the usual platitudes. The Inner
Man Steps Out recommends that supervisors discover their “inner man” and empathize more
with workers. The producer believed his film helped to bring about changes to GE’s corpo-
rate culture. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

209. INSIDE TEST CITY, U.S.A. (1959, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Reader’s Digest Association Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: United States Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: Secret Cinema.

49
 International Maple

Reader’s Digest promotional film publicizing the magazine’s test-marketing service for con-
sumer product manufacturers. “For the last two decades,” the narrator explains, “American
business has tested more of its products in Columbus [Ohio] than in any other major
American community. Through the years, industry has discovered that what happens in
Columbus today will be happening all over America tomorrow.” Inside Test City, U.S.A.
interviews local businessmen and consumers, all of whom are loyal Reader’s Digest readers.
Two comment that “most people read the Bible and the Digest.” The narrator points out
with pride that the Reader’s Digest has greater penetration in affluent areas than in poorer
ones. NOTE: Produced in Ektachrome.

210. INTERNATIONAL MAPLE (1954, sound, 10 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Maine Dept. of Agriculture. PRODUCER: Hildreth Gilman Hawes. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; EFC (1954–58), 151. HOLDINGS: NHF.
Promotional film made by the state of Maine to highlight one of its major agricultural
products. The short chronicles an innovative project through which co-operatives of French-
Canadian families harvest maple syrup in northern Maine and sell it at auction. The film
includes interviews with co-operative members.

211. IT WORKS (ca. 1924, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York City Dept. of Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Join in Health Work,” NYT, Aug. 12, 1923, E2. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Documentary showing how 22 social service agencies collaborated to found and operate the
East Harlem Health Center, an integrated public and preventive health care facility in East
Harlem. NOTE: For more information on the center, see Savel Zimand, “Nearly Six Years of
Concentrated Effort in This District Has Produced Definite Results—High Death Rate
Figures Heavily Cut,” NYT, July 17, 1927, XX5.

212. IT’S EVERYBODY’S BUSINESS (1954, sound, 22 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Chamber of Commerce of the United States; E.I. duPont deNemours & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: John
Sutherland Productions. PRODUCER: John Sutherland. WRITERS: John Sutherland, William Scott, George
Gordon. ART DIRECTOR: Maurice Noble. MUSIC: Eugene Poddany, Les Baxter. ANIMATION: Carl Urbano, Bill
Melendez, Emery Hawkins, Abe Levitow, Bill Higgins. NARRATOR: Macdonald Carey. RESOURCES: Copyright
1Jun54 LP4570; “The Chamber of Commerce of the United States Believes It’s Everybody’s Business,”
Bus Scrn 15, no. 4 (1954): 31–33; “Better Living,” 269. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Animated history of the American economic system told from a pro–free enterprise perspective.
Free enterprise, the narrator argues, can be traced to the Bill of Rights, and the Founding
Fathers regarded “political and economic freedom” as “interlocking inseparably.” However, in
contrast to what the film characterizes as the favorable economic climate of colonial America
(where individuals had the “freedom to go into business”), today’s government imposes taxes
and regulation. The film features John Sutherland’s usual humor and memorable visual
devices, including images of the “tax monster,” the tidal wave of war, and paper money
riding a railroad train. NOTE: Released in Technicolor. Also distributed in 16mm. Awarded
a Freedoms Foundation Gold Medal. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/ItsEvery1954.

213. JERRY PULLS THE STRINGS (1938, sound, 45 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Can Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Caravel Films Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Jerry
Pulls the Strings,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 3 (1938): 22; EFC (1939), 199. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Advertisement for vacuum-packed canned coffee that was produced primarily for screening
at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. In the narrative a young puppeteer proves to his
prospective father-in-law, a coffee packer, that puppeteering is a viable occupation by using

50
 Labor’s Reward

marionettes to tell the story of coffee. The young man uses 80 string puppets and deep,
dimensional sets to explain how coffee is grown, harvested, roasted, and packed in vacuum
cans to retain flavor. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm. Written and supervised by National
Tie-Ins Inc. For more about Caravel Films, see “Opening of Production Center Marks
Caravel’s 37th Year,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 6 (1957): 20.

214. JIM STAYS ON THE FARM (1935, sound, 50 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSORS/PRODUCTION COS.: California-Oregon Power Co.; Mountain States Power Co. PRODUCER: C.J. Hurd.
CAMERA: H.D. Kem. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; H.D. Kem, “Visual Education Builds Agricultural
Load,” Electrical West 75 (July 1935): 28–29; “Staff Makes Movie,” Bus Wk, Mar. 21, 1936, 22–23. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Narrative made by two regional power companies to promote rural electrification and attract
new customers. Jim returns from college eager to bring power to his family’s farm. He over-
comes his father’s opposition by showing him the modernization achieved by electrified farms
in their area. NOTE: Produced in-house, the film was shown regularly in the region for more
than a year after release and reportedly helped boost power use by 19 percent. The California-
Oregon Power Company is now a division of PacifiCorp.

215. A JOLT FOR GENERAL GERM (1930, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Lehn & Fink Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Fleischer Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright 21May31 MP2566; Peter
B.B. Andrews, “The ‘Sponsored’ Movie,” Advertising & Selling 16 (Dec. 10, 1930): 36–38, 73; “Producers
Drop Sponsored Films,” Advertising Age, June 6, 1931, 6. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Animated advertisement for Lysol in which the disinfectant helps a boy win the war against
germs. NOTE: Shown in Paramount theaters to more than 5 million viewers in 1930.

216. JOURNEYS THROUGH THE VALLEY (1920, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: San Jose Chamber of Commerce. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyrights 1Dec21
MP2074 and 15Dec21 MP2085; “Community Advertising by Means of Films,” Am City 26 (Mar. 1922):
265–67. HOLDINGS: NARA.
Annual report of Northern California’s San Jose Chamber of Commerce, purportedly the first
such report presented as a motion picture. NOTE: While originally created for locals, Journeys
Through the Valley was also distributed to a wider audience by Ford Motor Company. Some
100 distribution prints were made, 76 for Ford. The film was screened in 2,500 American
theaters under the title Journeys Through “the Valley of Earth’s Delight” and reached between
30 and 40 million viewers. It was also shown in nontheatrical venues and sent to India,
Australia, England, and South Africa.

217. JUST IMAGINE (1947, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR: Frank
Goldman. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1948), 361. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
AT&T stop-motion animation film produced for theatrical release and community group
showings. Coming to life from a print advertisement, Tommy Telephone uses magic to pro-
duce a telephone. He puts slips of paper representing raw materials into a hopper and grinds
out components, which assemble themselves into the complete product to the accompaniment
of music. NOTE: The Jam Handy Organization made a number of stop-motion animation films
in the style of Oskar Fischinger’s short commercial films of the 1930s. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/JustImag1947.

218. LABOR’S REWARD (1925, silent, 5 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Union Label Trades Dept., American Federation of Labor. PRODUCTION CO.: Rothacker Film
Manufacturing Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Film Will Depict History of Labor,” Atlan Con,

51
 Land of the Free

May 22, 1926, 14; Steven J. Ross, “Struggles for the Screen: Workers, Radicals, and the Political Uses of
Silent Film,” American Historical Review 96 (Apr. 1991): 353–55; Working-Class, 160–72; Steven J. Ross,
“Visualizing Ideology: Movies, Politics, and the Working Class,” Department of History, University of
Southern California, www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/history/hist225g/pages/text/II_i_1.html. HOLDINGS: UCLA.
Union narrative urging consumers to buy goods carrying the union label. Following a historical
prologue tracing the subjugation of labor from ancient times to the present, Labor’s Reward
introduces Mary, a young worker in an oppressive nonunion bookbindery, and Tom, who
works in a union shop. Mary collapses from overwork, and she and her coworkers strike,
organize a union with Tom as their American Federation of Labor representative, and win
the dispute. In one scene Tom, who has unthinkingly bought a nonunion-made hat, returns
it for a union one. The film portrays unions as respectable, service-oriented groups that help
workers. NOTE: Surviving are reel 3 and part of reel 1.

219. LAND OF THE FREE (1940, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Dodge Div., Chrysler Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; “The National Theme in Pictures,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 5 (1940): 17; EFC (1940–41), 174. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Isolationist film arguing that America can take care of itself. Extolling the country’s prosperity,
power, and self-sufficiency, Land of the Free intersperses historical re-creations with images of
American plenty—the prolific countryside, productive workers, World’s Fairs, and consumer
goods. The film was among current releases singled out by Business Screen as reinforcing the
“wave of public sentiment for ‘America First.’” NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

220. LAND OF WHITE ALICE (1960, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Western Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Knickerbocker Productions. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Willard
Van Dyke. WRITER: Norman Rosten. MUSIC: Daniel Pinkham. NARRATOR: Shepperd Strudwick. RESOURCES:
Copyright 14Nov60 MP11285; “Journey to the Land of White Alice,” Bus Scrn 21, no. 7 (1960): 39; Ralph
Caplan, “Industry on the Screen,” Industrial Design 7 (Apr. 1960): 54. HOLDINGS: LC.
Film sponsored by Western Electric (AT&T’s equipment manufacturing division), the builder
of the United States Air Force’s White Alice Communications System in Alaska. Land of White
Alice introduces the people and geography of the new state as well as the Western Electric
radio-relay system, which links far-flung military sites, alert stations, and missile-warning
facilities. Ralph Caplan praised the film’s “intrinsically dramatic and highly photogenic” por-
trayal of communications equipment. NOTE: According to Caplan, the sponsor found fault
with the film’s “soft-sell” approach and added a three-minute prologue.

221. LANGUAGE OF FACES (1961, sound, 17 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Friends Service Committee. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: John Korty.
MUSIC: Teiji Ito. NARRATOR: Meredith Dallas. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “New
Fare in the 16mm Film Marts,” NYT, June 4, 1961, X7. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, UCLA.
Pacifist plea sponsored by a Quaker group. To a voice-over commentary describing the arms
race, Language of Faces presents a montage of human faces and activities that culminates in a
silent vigil at the Pentagon. NOTE: John Korty also made The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman.
Teiji Ito, husband of Maya Deren, composed the score for Deren’s Meshes of the Afternoon.

222. THE LAST CLEAR CHANCE (1959, sound, 26 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Union Pacific Railroad. PRODUCTION CO.: Wondsel, Carlisle & Dunphy Inc. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER:
Robert Carlisle. WRITER: Leland Baxter. CAMERA: Bert Spielvogel. EDITOR: Mort Fallick. CAST: Bill Boyett, Mr.
and Mrs. Harold Agee, Bill Agee. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “That Last Clear Chance to Live
Safely,” Bus Scrn 21, no. 4 (1960): 37. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

52
 Let My People Live

Safety film sponsored by a large railroad urging drivers to be more careful at railroad cross-
ings. The skillful drama tells the story of two brothers in an Idaho farm family, one of whom
is an experienced but reckless driver, the other a beginner. The Last Clear Chance ends with a
tragic accident. While covering the usual driving dos and don’ts, the film incorporates many
additional themes: a teen’s feeling of invulnerability, the police officer as authority figure,
and the train’s dual role as economic partner and potential killer. NOTE: The film draws its
scenario from a real-life family and was shot in Nampa and Meridian, Idaho. Distributed
only in western states served by the sponsor. Released in 16mm.

223. LAST DATE (1950, sound, 19 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR:
Lewis D. Collins. WRITER: Bruce Henry. CAST: Richard “Dick” York, Joan Taylor, Robert Stern, Sally Hughes.
RESOURCES: Copyright 13Feb50 LP12; Dick Griffin, “Prize Article Tells Sad Tale of New Word,” CT, Mar. 18,
1951, A6; “Insurance and the Film in Education and Training,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 6 (1952): 33–34; Mental
Hygiene, 172. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.
Insurance company–sponsored safety film targeting teenage drivers. The drama centers on
a reckless driver, who together with his girlfriend, takes one risk too many. Like other safety
films made for teenagers, Last Date implies that death is preferable to disfigurement. The
dramatic accident sequence and surprise ending have often been emulated by other films
targeting the same audience. NOTE: Best known of a dozen films sponsored by Lumbermens
(and its parent company, Kemper Insurance), Last Date introduced “teenicide” into the English
language. In theatrical showings, wrecked cars were often parked outside to reinforce the mes-
sage. Business Screen reported that it was seen by more than 14 million in its first three years
of release. Named by the National Committee on Films for Safety as best nontheatrical pic-
ture on prevention of traffic accidents in 1949. Last Date also won awards from the Cleveland
Film Council and the American Public Relations Association. Dick York went on to star in
the television series Bewitched. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/-
last_date. For more about driver safety films, see H. Paul Abbott, “Visual Aids in Property-
Casualty Insurance Teaching,” Journal of the American Association of University Teachers of
Insurance 18 (Mar. 1951): 14–27.

224. LEAVE IT TO ROLL-OH (1940, sound, 9 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 26Apr40
LU9603; “Better Living,” 270. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film sponsored by the automobile manufacturer to demonstrate the capacity of electro-
mechanical relays used in its cars. Roll-Oh, a domestic robot, expertly performs many house-
hold chores while its owner relaxes with a magazine. Presented as a humorous look at the
future, Leave It to Roll-Oh drives home the efficacy of Chevrolet cars’ advanced technology
without resorting to explicit advertising. NOTE: Produced as part of the Direct Mass Selling
series, Leave It to Roll-Oh was shown at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/LeaveItt1940.

225. LET MY PEOPLE LIVE (1938, sound, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Tuberculosis Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Motion Picture Service Corp. DIRECTOR: Edgar
G. Ulmer. MUSIC: Tuskegee Choir. CAST: Rex Ingram, Peggy Howard, Ernestine Coles. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; Peggy Howard, “Let My People Live, New Broadway Film,” Chi Def, July 9, 1938, 10; EFC
(1939), 159. HOLDINGS: GEH, MacDonald, NARA, NLM, UGA.
Drama made for African American audiences to emphasize the importance of early tuber-
culosis testing and treatment. The story compares the plight of a mother, who succumbs to
TB because of her misplaced faith in superstitious “cures,” with that of her daughter and son,

53
 Let’s Go America!

who seek medical help and overcome the disease. Let My People Live has an all-black cast and
a sound track that includes African American spirituals. NOTE: The credits indicate that the
film was made “in cooperation with Tuskegee Institute, National Urban League, WPA, and
the Veterans Administration.” It was shot on location in Tuskegee, Alabama, and shown
at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. Also released in 16mm.

226. LET’S GO AMERICA! AMERICA YESTERDAY, TODAY AND TOMORROW

(1936, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS: National Association of Manufacturers; National Industrial Council. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio
Productions Inc. NARRATOR: John A. Young. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 83. HOLDINGS:
LC, MacDonald, UCLA.
One of many films sponsored by the NAM during the Depression to foster faith in the eco-
nomic leadership of its corporate members. Let’s Go America! suggests that the creative spirit
that led to America’s development will continue to shape its economy. It ends with two young
men and a woman driving a swank roadster toward the glowing future, which promises tele-
vision, air conditioning, air travel, and innovative home design. NOTE: Also released in 16mm.

227. A LETTER FROM AMERICA (1948, sound, 32 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR: Lewis D.
Collins. WRITER: Leo Rosencrans. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “A Letter from Free America,” Bus
Scrn 9, no. 8 (1948): 25; “Time to Show the Facts,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 2 (1949): 21–22; EFG (1951), 283; “Better
Living,” 168–71, 270. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Film created to celebrate the sponsor’s Golden Anniversary and promote the American eco-
nomic system. The story begins with a letter, written by an immigrant worker to his family
behind the iron curtain, that describes the American way of life and the opportunities pro-
vided by his employer, Goodyear. Flashbacks show the worker’s arrival in America, his
experience with the American democratic system, and his success at Goodyear. He explains
that because many workers are also corporate shareholders, there is no longer a gap between
capital and labor. NOTE: Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1950.

228. LETTER TO A REBEL (1948, sound, 17 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of Manufacturers. PRODUCTION CO.: RKO-Pathé. DIRECTOR: Larry O’Reilly.
PRODUCER: Jay Bonafield. WRITER: Oviatt McConnell. CAMERA: Larry O’Reilly. MUSIC: Nathaniel Shilkret.
EDITOR: David Cooper. NARRATOR: Dwight Weist. RESOURCES: Copyright 25Jun48 MP3189; R.L.C., “Oklahoma
sans Song,” Wash Post, July 15, 1948, 12; A.H. Weiler, “By Way of Report,” NYT, July 18, 1948, X3; EFG
(1951), 285; Ec Ed, 24; “Better Living,” 167–68, 270. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald, UCLA.
Film sponsored by the trade group to promote the American economic system. Taking the
form of a “visualized” letter from a newspaper editor to his son, the film responds to an anti-
capitalist column written by the son for his college newspaper. The father describes their
heritage and their pioneer and abolitionist ancestors, and extols America’s free press and eco-
nomic abundance. Wrote R.L.C., “Dad seems to live in a world where prices have not risen
100 per cent and where there seem to be no housing problems. While one wouldn’t disagree
with Dad’s Americanism, he doesn’t seem to have a very clear idea, for a newspaper editor, of
what’s going on.” NOTE: Letter to a Rebel was the ninth in the NAM’s This Is America series.
It received a boost when the president of the Motion Picture Association of America, Eric
Johnson, appeared in a prologue and urged screenings by local chambers of commerce. Director
Larry O’Reilly shot on location in his own town, Monroe, New York. Updated in 1950.

229. LIFE OF THE MOLDS (1958, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Charles Pfizer & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated Film Producers. DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke.

54
 Living Unlimited

PRODUCER: Irving Jacoby. CAMERA: J.M.B. Churchill Jr., Robert H. Young. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; advertisement, NYT, Mar. 23, 1958, SMA14; Howard Thompson, “New Fare in 16mm,” NYT, July 27
1958, X5; Howard Thompson, “Top 16mm Films,” NYT, Jan. 4, 1959, X12. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Applied science film sponsored by a manufacturer of antibiotics. Using time-lapse and
microphotography, Life of the Molds shows beneficial uses of molds as well as their destructive
qualities. Howard Thompson wrote, “Never before, at least on film, was the commonplace
mold so entrancingly X-rayed” (NYT, July 27, 1958).

230. LISTEN: IT’S FM (1941, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright 29Aug41 LP10685; EFG (1945),
249. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film explaining the scientific principles of frequency modulation. GE was an early manufac-
turer of FM receivers. NOTE: Followed two years later by GE’s Story of FM.

231. THE LIVING CIRCLE (1956, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: United Fruit Co. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. NARRATOR: Marvin Miller. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; advertisement, Bus Scrn 18, no. 1 (1957): 63; “United Fruit on the Screen,” Bus
Scrn 17, no. 3 (1957): 35. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Short sponsored by the United Fruit Company to blunt “communist propaganda claims” in
the American and Latin American press. Using animation and live action, the short describes
the benefits of the “living circle” of interdependent trade between Central America and the
United States. NOTE: The companion to Bananas? Si, Señor! (entry 40), The Living Circle
was reportedly seen by more than 17 million viewers during its first eight months of release.
Both films were distributed with Spanish sound tracks for Latin American audiences. Produced
in Eastmancolor.

232. THE LIVING CITY (1952, sound, 24 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Twentieth Century Fund. PRODUCTION CO.: Encyclopaedia Britannica Films. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/-
WRITER/EDITOR: John Barnes. CAMERA: Andy Costikian, Haskell Wexler, Louis Clyde Stoumen. RESOURCES:
Copyright 25Nov53 MP4216; “New Film on Urban Rebuilding,” Am City 69 (Feb. 1954): 125; Mae Tinee,
“Living City Tells Aspects of Life Here,” CT, Apr. 18, 1954, F11. HOLDINGS: AFANA, LC.
Film urging community action to fight inner-city blight. The Living City, much of which is
set in Chicago, sees the growth of suburbs as a cause of urban decay and demonstrates how
ordinary citizens can work to rebuild rundown areas in their own cities. It includes some ani-
mation sequences. NOTE: The Twentieth Century Fund is a nonpartisan foundation devoted
to public policy. Based in part on Miles L. Colean’s Renewing Our Cities (New York: Twentieth
Century Fund, 1953). Received an Academy Award nomination for Best Documentary Short
Subject in 1953.

233. LIVING UNLIMITED (1951, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Frigidaire Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. NARRATOR:
Marvin Miller. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “1976: Junior Gets No Ear-Scrubbing,” NYT, Dec. 6,
1956, 57. HOLDINGS: GMMA, MacDonald.
Advertising film illustrating Frigidaire’s plans for convenient, high-tech appliances for the
“housewife of the future.” Animated sequences explain the woman’s role as helpmate and
how man’s inventions have made her housework easier. Looking ahead 25 years, Living
Unlimited predicts even more innovations, including the computerized meal planner, the
flying car, disposable bedsheets, the ultrasonic dishwasher, the videophone, and the auto-
matic spanking machine. Included is live-action footage of the “Kitchen of Tomorrow.”
NOTE: Also released in 16mm.

55
 Long Distance

234. LONG DISTANCE (ca. 1946, sound, 16 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered. HOLDINGS: Prelinger.
One of AT&T’s many advertising films promoting long-distance service and the national
telephone network. Long Distance is a paean to the operator, mythologizing the “alert young
woman” heard in the customer’s receiver. Equating the development of long-distance service
with American territorial expansion, this polished film includes animated maps illustrating the
growth of the telephone network and footage showing how calls are routed. NOTE: Five years
later, direct-dial long-distance service would begin to displace live operators. Also distributed
in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/long_distance.

235. LOOK TO LOCKHEED FOR LEADERSHIP (1940, sound, 31 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Lockheed Aircraft Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Tradefilms Inc. DIRECTOR: Shirley C. Burden. WRITER:
Walter Wise. CAMERA: Floyd Crosby, Albert Wetzel. EDITOR: Gene Milford. NARRATOR: John Hiestand.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 41; EFC (1940–41), 104. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Promotional film discussing the aircraft manufacturer’s contributions to American aviation.

Look to Lockheed for Leadership spotlights the speed records of Lockheed test pilots and illus-
trates the process of aircraft design, testing, and construction at Lockheed plants. NOTE: Also
released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/LooktoLo1940.

236. LOOK TO THE LAND (1953, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Twentieth Century Fund. PRODUCTION CO.: Encyclopaedia Britannica Films. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/-
WRITER/EDITOR: John Barnes. CAMERA: Haskell Wexler, Louis Clyde Stoumen, Gordon Weisenborn, John
Barnes. RESOURCES: Copyright 18Mar54 MP5882; “Keeping Nature on Our Side,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 3 (1954):
44. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Film urging resource conservation. Visiting farms and ranches as well as a river basin and tim-
berland, the symbolic “Wanderer” tells the story of America’s misuse of its land and resources.
Look to the Land argues that because all are dependent on the land, all must participate in its
conservation. The film uses folk songs as musical accompaniment. NOTE: Adapts to the screen
J. Frederick Dewhurst’s America’s Needs and Resources: A Twentieth Century Fund Survey (New
York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1947). Released in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/Looktoth1953.

237. LOOKING AHEAD THROUGH ROHM & HAAS PLEXIGLAS

(1947, sound, 24 min, b&w/color, 35mm/16mm)
SPONSOR: Rohm & Haas Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 14Feb47 MU1653.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

One of many postwar titles made to promote consumer products that emerged from the
conversion of America’s war industries. Looking Ahead Through Rohm & Haas Plexiglas aims
to interest manufacturers and industrial designers in using Plexiglas. The film shows the trans-
formation of the aviation plastic into a glamorous material for furniture and finishes, a change
dramatized visually by the switch from black and white to color. The new design possibilities
are showcased in the “Dream Suite of Tomorrow.” NOTE: The black-and-white section of
the film was produced in 35mm and reduced to 16mm. It was then spliced together with the
16mm Kodachrome “Dream Suite” sequence. All release prints were in 16mm. Viewable on-
line at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/LookingAhead.

238. LOS ANGELES: “CITY OF DESTINY” (1948, sound, 32 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Standard of California. PRODUCTION CO.: Rodney Gilliam Productions. PRODUCER: Rodney Gilliam.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: PFA.

Petroleum company travelogue exploring the points of interest in Los Angeles. Los Angeles

56
 The Magic Bond

shows local industries and includes a scene with Shirley Temple on a Hollywood set. NOTE:
Produced in Kodachrome.

239. LOUISIANA STORY (1948, sound, 78 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey. PRODUCTION CO.: Robert Flaherty Productions Inc. DIRECTOR/-
PRODUCER: Robert J. Flaherty. WRITERS: Frances H. Flaherty, Robert J. Flaherty. CAMERA: Richard Leacock,
Bert Spielvogel. MUSIC: Virgil Thomson, Eugene Ormandy. EDITORS: Helen van Dongen, Ralph Rosenblum.
NARRATOR: Robert Flaherty. CAST: Joseph Boudreaux, Lionel Le Blanc, Mrs. E. Bienvenu, Frank Hardy.
RESOURCES: Copyright 28Sep48 LP2093; Ezra Goodman, “Pioneer’s Return,” NYT, Aug. 31, 1947, X3; Thomas M.
Pryor, “Cajun Country Tale,” NYT, Sept. 26, 1948, X5; Bosley Crowther, “The Screen in Review,” NYT, Sept.
29, 1948, 36; Ott H. Coelln, “Louisiana Story,” Bus Scrn 9, no. 7 (1948): 25; Before Video, 102–3. HOLDINGS:
AFANA, GEH, LC, MoMA, UCLA.
Documentary humanizing the story of oil exploration in the Louisiana bayou. Focusing on a
young Cajun boy and his pet raccoon, the narrative unfolds with oil drillers setting up a der-
rick near his home. The boy befriends the crew and helps them with their work. When the
well begins to produce, the men move on to their next assignment. Ott Coelln wrote, “There
is no ‘selling’ in Louisiana Story. This picture says that oil takes men and skill to get, that
the men who do its work are regular guys. It is the kind of free verse that needs to be written
in films.” NOTE: Robert Flaherty told Thomas Pryor that the budget for Louisiana Story was
$258,000 (NYT, Sept. 26, 1948). Received an Academy Award nomination for Best Writing
Motion Picture Story in 1949. Selected for the National Film Registry.

240. LOVE HONOR AND OBEY (THE LAW) (1935, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: B.F. Goodrich Tire & Rubber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. CAST: Harry Langdon.
RESOURCES: Copyright 29Apr35 and 23May35 LU5561; “Movie Merchandising,” Bus Wk, June 15, 1935,
18–19; “Leading Sales Films of 1934–35 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 37 (Oct. 10, 1935): 394.
HOLDINGS: Not reported.

Traffic safety film that makes its point through humor. NOTE: According to Business Week,
Goodrich salesmen passed out free tickets to screenings; after each show a prize was awarded
to the viewer who remembered the largest number of traffic violations that occurred in the
film. Also distributed in 16mm.

241. THE MACHINE: MASTER OR SLAVE? (1941, sound, 14 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Educational Film Institute, New York University.
DIRECTOR: Walter Niebuhr. WRITER: Charlton Ogburn Jr. CAMERA: Dan Cavelli, Frank Zucker. NARRATOR: Don
Goddard. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1943), 94; Ec Ed, 25. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film exploring the employment implications of the introduction of new technology.
The Machine: Master or Slave? fears that as tasks are automated, workers could become
economically marginalized and less able to afford manufactured goods. Thus automation,
if thoughtlessly implemented, could diminish consumer demand and hurt the industries
using it. The film wonders if business, employee, and consumer interests can be reconciled.
Raising questions rather than answering them, The Machine encourages managers to be
aware of broader issues as they embrace new technology. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/machine-master_or_slave.

242. THE MAGIC BOND (1955, sound, 25 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Veterans of Foreign Wars. PRODUCTION CO.: Calvin Co. DIRECTOR: Robert Altman. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; Patrick McGilligan, Robert Altman: Jumping off the Cliff: A Biography of the
Great American Director (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1989), 69–88. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Public information film profiling the veterans’ organization and its work in the community.
The Magic Bond shows how friendships and the service ethos are forged on the battlefield

57
 The Magic Cup

and maintained through the activities of the VFW. NOTE: The Magic Bond was one of several
films Robert Altman made for Calvin. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/MagicBon1955.

243. THE MAGIC CUP (1957, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Coffee Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Dynamic Films Inc. DIRECTOR: Lee R. Bobker. PRODUCER:
Nathan Zucker. ART DIRECTOR: Paul Heller. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Fresh Blend for a Fragrant
Brew,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 1 (1957): 169; EFG (1954–58), 183. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film in which a “genie” magically traces the journey of coffee from the bean to
the breakfast table. According to Business Screen, The Magic Cup gives viewers “a feeling of
comfort and well-being” from learning more about their “daily beverage.” The review also
singled out the film’s striking visual qualities, including splashes of saturated color.

244. THE MAGIC KEY (1950, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Chamber of Commerce of the United States. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Industrial Films,” Fac Man 108 (Aug. 1950): 236; “A Spokesman for Advertising,”
Bus Scrn 17, no. 4 (1956): 40. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film presenting the business perspective on the state of the postwar American economic sys-
tem. The “magic key” to sustaining prosperity, the film argues, is advertising. NOTE: Received a
Freedoms Foundation award in 1951 and televised in 1952. Updated version released in 1956.

245. MAINLINE U.S.A. (1946, sound, 20 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Association of American Railroads. PRODUCTION CO.: Dudley Pictures. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Carl
Dudley. WRITERS: Herman Boxer, Carl Dudley. CAMERA: Edward Hutton, E.E. Olsen. MUSIC: Vincent Manuzio.
EDITORS: Thor Brooks, Kat Phillips. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Things for Children to Do,” NYT,
Feb. 7, 1947, 7. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, MacDonald, Orgone, UGA.
Story of American railroads and how they benefit industry and consumers. Mainline U.S.A.
includes many images of the contemporary American landscape. NOTE: Among the materials
distributed with the film were booklets, children’s comic books, and paper train foldouts.
Produced in Technicolor. Remade in 1957.

246. MAKE MINE FREEDOM (1948, sound, 10 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Education Program, Harding College, with funding by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
and Falk Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. MUSIC: Scott Bradley, Paul J. Smith.
RESOURCES: Copyright 6Apr48 LP1607; Frank Hughes, “Rights Sold to Harding College Film,” CT, Jan. 25,
1948, 6; “Foundation Assets Put at 2 Billions,” NYT, Aug. 17, 1949, 21; Raymond Spottiswoode, “Make
Mine Freedom,” in Ideas, 204; Ec Ed, 26, 31. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Cartoon parable presenting the American system of government as the best in the world.
“Dr. Utopia,” a snake-oil salesman of “foreign” appearance, convinces Americans to drink his
quackish “ism” formula. Citizens are plunged into a totalitarian nightmare in which strikes are
banned, private property is confiscated, and dissenters are brainwashed. Fortunately “John Q.
Public” takes charge and expels the bad doctor from town. Make Mine Freedom was part of
the public relations offensive by business to loosen government controls after World War II.
NOTE: Part of Harding College’s Fun and Facts about America series. Produced and released
in Technicolor, the cartoon was distributed theatrically through MGM and made available in
16mm for school and factory screenings. The New York Times reported that the Sloan Foun-
dation estimated that 20 million viewers saw the film in its first year of release. Received awards
from the Freedoms Foundation in 1949 and the Cleveland Film Festival in 1950. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/MakeMine1948. For more about the car-
toon series and its reception, see Thomas F. Brady, “Cartoon Film Stirs Dispute in West by
Satirizing U.S. Farm Planning,” NYT, Mar. 18, 1951, 1, 38.

58
 The Man in the Doorway

247. MAKING FILMS THAT TEACH (1954, sound, 18 min, b&w/color, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Encyclopaedia Britannica Films. RESOURCES: Copyright 05Nov54 MP5858; EFG
(1954–58), 185. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.
Film celebrating the 25th anniversary of the educational film company. Making Films That
Teach illustrates the film production process, including location shooting in exotic locales,
and includes numerous clips from Encyclopaedia Britannica films. NOTE: The black-and-white
film ends with a color sequence. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/MakingFi1954.

248. THE MAKING OF A SHOE: FROM COWHIDE PELT TO GOODYEAR WELT

(1915, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: United Shoe Machinery Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A. Edison Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not reg-
istered; “Films and Commercial ‘Extension,’” Reel and Slide 1 (Nov. 1918): 15; “Productions Worth While,”
Reel and Slide 1 (Dec. 1918): 30; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 17
(Oct. 1938): 251. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Industrial film detailing the manufacture of Goodyear welt shoes, high-quality leather shoes
known for their durability. The process required 174 machines and 210 distinct operations.
NOTE: The Making of a Shoe was distributed by the Bureau of Commercial Economics and
shown at the 1915 San Francisco World’s Fair.

249. THE MAKING OF AN AMERICAN (1920, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Dept. of Americanization, State of Connecticut. PRODUCTION CO.: Worcester Film Corp. DIRECTOR: Guy
Hedlund. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Americanization Rally Call Issued,” CSM, Oct. 20, 1919, 8;
Jan-Christopher Horak, “Making Americans : Program Notes,” Northeast Historic Film, www.oldfilm.org/-
nhfWeb/alamotheatre/MakingAmericans.htm. HOLDINGS: LC, NHF.
Docudrama encouraging immigrants to master English and become successful, assimilated
Americans. In the story the poor English-language skills of an Italian immigrant limit his
employment possibilities and lead to an on-the-job accident. Learning from his experience,
the immigrant puts himself through night school, lands a factory job, advances to foreman,
and becomes a community leader. The film includes scenes shot at the Hartford Rubber
Works Co. NOTE: According to Jan-Christopher Horak, The Making of an American was
shown to more than 100,000 people in 1920. Selected for the National Film Registry.

250. MAN AGAINST MICROBE (1932, sound, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Cinema Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not reg-
istered; “More Sales with Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 71; EFC (1936), 21. HOLDINGS: LC, NLM.
Short produced as part of Metropolitan Life’s health education program. Man Against Microbe
recaps 300 years of progress in public health and shows the contributions of major research
scientists. The optimistic close depicts a baby receiving an immunization against diphtheria,
which at the time was still a national health problem. NOTE: Man Against Microbe was
distributed in sound and silent versions and also made available in 16mm. In 1934, it played
in New York City theaters as part of a diphtheria immunization campaign.

251. THE MAN IN THE DOORWAY (1957, sound, 31 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Cyanamid Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “Chemistry and America’s Future—a Cyanamid Anniversary Theme,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 6 (1957): 41;
EFG (1954–58), 187. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film made to celebrate the chemical company’s 50th anniversary and to promote the role of
chemistry in resource conservation and agriculture. A ghost from ancient times, a farmer, and
a scientist each stand before a gateway: the first, a crumbling Mediterranean farmhouse; the

59
 Man to Man

second, a well-kept barn; the third, a modern research laboratory. Each represents an approach
to harnessing science for the good of humanity. The enigmatic film points out the imbalance
between diminishing natural resources and increasing consumption and argues that conserva-
tion should be seen as a business opportunity.

252. MAN TO MAN (1954, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Michigan State Dept. of Mental Health; New Jersey Dept. of Institutions and Agencies; Alaska
Dept. of Public Health; Mental Health Film Board. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated Film Producers. DIRECTOR: Irving
Jacoby. WRITERS: Irving Jacoby, Jack Neher. CAMERA: Richard Leacock. EDITOR: Aram Boyajian. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Trainer Film, Man to Man, Analyzes Hospital Psychiatry,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 6
(1954): 54. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, NLM.
Sensitive film produced for the training of mental health workers. Man to Man portrays the
bond that develops between an aide in a psychiatric hospital and a severely depressed patient.
NOTE: Also released in 16mm.

253. THE MAN WHO LEARNED (1910, silent, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: New York Milk Committee. PRODUCTION CO.: Edison Manufacturing Co. DIRECTOR: Ashley Miller.
RESOURCES: Copyright J145147-50 2Sept1910; Boyd Fisher, “Motion Pictures to Make Good Citizens,” Am
City 7 (Sept. 1912): 236; “Preach Pure Milk by Moving Pictures,” NYT, Mar. 25, 1913, 15; Arthur Edwin Krows,
“Motion Pictures—Not for Theatres,” Ed Scrn 19 (Feb. 1939): 50; AFI 1893–1910, 647. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Public health film promoting the pasteurization of milk. NOTE: The New York Milk Com-
mittee, which was part of the New York Association for Improving the Condition of the
Poor, endorsed pasteurization in 1908.

254. MANAGING THE FAMILY INCOME (1941, sound, 38 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Household Finance Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 7Apr41
and 9Apr41 LU10375; EFC (1943), 245. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Consumer education film stressing the importance of household budgeting. Sponsored by
the national loan company, Managing the Family Income illustrates how an ordinary family
can protect itself against financial emergencies by spending within its income and by making
regular savings deposits. NOTE: Shown to schools and women’s groups. Also distributed in
16mm. Supersedes a one-reel version made in 1934.

255. MANHATTAN’S TRAFFIC PROBLEM (1940, sound, 30 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Borough President of Manhattan. PRODUCTION CO.: Craftsman Motion Picture Co. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Program for Today at the World’s Fair,” NYT, Sept. 17, 1940, 24; EFC (1940–41),
63. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film showing Manhattan’s approach to tackling traffic congestion. NOTE: Manhattan’s Traffic
Problem was shown at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. Also distributed as a silent film
and in a 22-minute sound version.

256. MANUFACTURING AND CIRCULATING A MAGAZINE

(ca. 1915, silent, 4 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Curtis Publishing Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; BCE, 13–14;
“Films at Public Library,” Wash Post, Dec. 16, 1915, 11; “Productions Worth While,” Reel and Slide, 1 (Dec.
1918), 29. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film illustrating the magazine production process. The story begins at the paper
warehouse and continues through copper plate making, printing, binding, folding, trimming,
subscription label preparation, and final shipping. NOTE: Distributed by the Bureau of Com-
mercial Economics.

60
 Meet King Joe

257. THE MARCH OF PROGRESS (1945, sound, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Key System. PRODUCTION CO.: Hugh Harman Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.

Film sponsored by the Key System, the interurban electric railway linking Bay Area cities via
the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. The March of Progress discusses the growing impor-
tance of mass transportation in the region and envisions new rapid transit possibilities. NOTE:
The Key System was eventually acquired by AC Transit. Also released in 16mm. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/MarchofP1945.

258. A MARTYR TO HIS CAUSE (1911, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Federation of Labor. PRODUCTION CO.: Seeley Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; Philip Foner, “A Martyr to His Cause : The Scenario of the First Labor Film in the United States,”
Labor History 24 (Winter 1983): 103–11; Working-Class, 93–95. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Labor-financed film produced to counter the open shop movement, which promoted
optional union membership in the workplace. A Martyr to His Cause defends John and
James McNamara, two labor activists accused of bombing the Los Angeles Times, a proponent
of the open shop. Considered by Steven Ross the “first major worker-made feature film,”
the film portrays “manufacturers, and corrupt courts as co-conspirators who try to crush the
spirit of democracy” (Working-Class). NOTE: The film was pulled from distribution after James
McNamara confessed to the bombing.

259. MASTER HANDS (1936, sound, 32 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. CAMERA: Gordon Avil. MUSIC: Samuel
Benavie. EDITOR: Vincent Herman. RESOURCES: Copyright 18May 36 and 27May36 MU6488; Capitalist Realism,
vol. 2, Secret Century. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Industrial film detailing the manufacture of automobiles at Chevrolet’s Flint plant. Master
Hands shows tool and die making, founding, casting, welding, part fabrication, and final
assembly. The process concludes with the consumer behind the wheel of his new car. The film
is set to a Wagnerian score performed by the Detroit Philharmonic Orchestra and includes
only two lines of narration; in Master Hands the elemental work of industrial production
speaks for itself. NOTE: Part of Chevrolet’s Direct Mass Selling series and probably produced
for screening at a stockholders meeting. An alternate version incorporates explanatory text.
During World War II, the film was reedited to include footage of military vehicle production;
it was later used for vocational training. Selected for the National Film Registry. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/MasterHa1936.

260. MEET KING JOE (1949, sound, 9 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Educational Program, Harding College, with funding by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright 31Jan49 MP3889; Ec Ed, 27. HOLDINGS:
AAFF, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Pro-business cartoon explaining the role of investment capital in building America’s prosperity.
Because of far-sighted investment in industry, the American worker, personified by Brooklyn-
accented Joe, is “king of the workers of the world” and has higher wages and shorter hours
than his counterparts abroad. Meet King Joe argues that in view of the rewards workers reap
from the American economic system, it is in labor’s best interest to cooperate with manage-
ment. NOTE: Part of Harding College’s Fun and Facts about America series. Also distributed
in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/MeetKing1949.
For more about the National Education Program, see Cabell Phillips, “Wide Anti-Red Drive
Directed from Small Town in Arkansas,” NYT, May 18, 1961, 26.

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 Memo to Mars

261. MEMO TO MARS (1954, sound, 24 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: U.S. Rubber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright 14Jan55
LP4590; “U.S. Rubber Company Pitches into Traffic Battle with Film,” Bus Scrn 16, no. 3 (1955): 10. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Humorous animated parable sponsored by the tire manufacturer to advocate the construc-
tion of interstate highways. In this science-fiction cartoon, a Martian automaker sends his
district manager to the United States to scout out the market for the “convertible Jet-16.”
The visitor determines that Martian cars are too advanced for the congested, poorly main-
tained roads found on Earth. The only hope, the Martian concludes, is for Americans to
insist on improving their highways.

262. MEN AND DUST (1940, sound, 17 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Tri-State Survey Committee Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Lee Dick Inc. DIRECTOR: Lee Dick. WRITER/CAMERA:
Sheldon Dick. MUSIC: Fred Stewart. EDITOR: Jules V.D. Bucher. NARRATORS: Storrs Haynes, Will Geer, Eric
Walz. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 42; EFC (1940–41), 84; Gerald Markowitz and David
Rosner, “‘The Street of Walking Death’: Silicosis, Health, and Labor in the Tri-State Region, 1900–1950,”
Journal of American History 77 (Sept. 1990): 525–52. HOLDINGS: MacDonald, NARA.
Documentary sponsored by a labor advocacy group to draw attention to the industrial dis-
eases plaguing zinc and lead miners in the tristate region of Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma.
NOTE: Sheldon Dick initially came to the region to take photographs for a Tri-State Survey
Committee report and stayed on to make Men and Dust. Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner
write that the tristate advocacy campaign was pivotal in alerting the public to the industrial
health hazards faced by American workers in some industries. Also distributed in 16mm.

263. MEN AND MACHINES (1936, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of Manufacturers. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. NARRATOR: Lowell
Thomas. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Machine ‘Lectures’ in Its Own Defense,” NYT, July 23, 1936,
24; Strother Holland Walker and Paul Sklar, “Business Finds Its Voice,” Harper’s Magazine, Feb. 1938,
324–25; “Better Living,” 131, 133, 270. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Dramatized documentary supporting workplace mechanization. Men and Machines argues
that the introduction of labor-saving machines results in cost savings and more leisure time
for Americans. The concluding narration accompanies a montage of consumer goods and
reminds viewers that “we Americans are sitting on top of the world.” NOTE: The film was
distributed in a multimedia package as part of the “Business Facts Program” for employers.
Also released in 16mm. Remade in 1947.

264. MEN WITH CARS (1958, sound, 32 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Oil Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: P.G.L. Productions. DIRECTOR: Franta G. Herman. PRODUCERS:
Dick Lerner, Bud Palmer. EDITORS: Henry Trettin, Frank Herman. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard
Thompson, “Newcomers to 16mm. Film Field,” NYT, Dec. 7, 1958, X12. HOLDINGS: UCLA.
Advertising film from Amoco spotlighting the International Grand Prix sports car race in
Sebring, Florida. Men with Cars treats the town and the participants with as much weight
as the competition itself. Howard Thompson considered the film a “dandy, unpretentious
camera close-up.”

265. MENTAL HOSPITAL (1953, sound, 19 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Oklahoma State Dept. of Health; Oklahoma State Dept. of Mental Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Uni-
versity of Oklahoma. DIRECTOR: Layton Mabrey. WRITER: Dwight V. Swain. CAMERA: Wayne Rock. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; EFL (1978), 1402. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Case study documenting a patient’s treatment for paranoid schizophrenia. Made for health

62
 The Miracle of Corn

professionals, Mental Hospital shows daily life at the state facility, including hydrotherapy and
electroconvulsive therapy sessions. The film ends with the patient’s discharge. NOTE: Shot at
the Central State Hospital in Norman, Oklahoma. Since patients were not legally competent
to sign releases, the producer recruited crew and friends for the cast. Viewable online at Inter-
net Archive, www.archive.org/details/mental_hospital.

266. MICKEY’S SURPRISE PARTY (1939, sound, 1 reel, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Biscuit Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Walt Disney Co. RESOURCES: Copyright 13March39 MP9205;
Bosley Crowther, “Films for the Fair,” NYT, Mar. 5, 1939, X5; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at
Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1, 1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: LC.
Animated advertisement for Nabisco that is reputed to be the first sales promotion film made
by Walt Disney Co. When Minnie tries to surprise Mickey with homemade birthday cookies,
she accidentally pours popcorn into the batter. Mickey saves the day by buying Oreos, Ritz
crackers, and other Nabisco products to replace the ruined treats. NOTE: This Technicolor
cartoon was distributed theatrically and exhibited at the 1939–40 World’s Fairs in New York
and San Francisco.

267. THE MIDDLETON FAMILY AT THE NEW YORK WORLD’S FAIR

(1939, sound, 55 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. DIRECTOR/-
WRITER: Robert S. Snody. CAMERA: William Steiner. MUSIC: Edwin E. Ludig. EDITOR: Sol E. Feuerman. CAST:
Marjorie Lord, James Lydon, Ruth Lee, Harry Shannon. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “The Middleton
Family in the Movies,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 8 (1939): 17; Thomas M. Pryor, “Tomorrow’s Propaganda,” NYT, June
18, 1939, 116; “Leading Sales Films of 1938–39 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 45 (Oct. 10, 1939): 52;
Corporate Soul, 295–98; “Better Living,” 138–43; Andrew Wood, “The Middleton Family at the New York
World’s Fair,” www.sjsu.edu/faculty/wooda/middleton/index1.html. HOLDINGS: Getty Images, LC, MacDonald,
Prelinger, SI/NMAH.
Drama illustrating the contribution of free enterprise, technology, and Westinghouse products
to the American way of life. The Middleton Family at the New York World’s Fair pits a bohe-
mian artist boyfriend against an all-American electrical engineer who believes in improving
society by working through corporations. In experiencing together Westinghouse’s technolog-
ical marvels at the fair, the family win back their daughter from her left-leaning boyfriend.
Among the memorable moments are the dishwashing contest between Mrs. Modern and
Mrs. Drudge; Electro, the smoking robot; and the Westinghouse time capsule. NOTE: The
film was based on a story by G.R. Hunter and Reed Drummond. Thomas Pryor reported
that the film’s budget was $70,000 to $100,000. Released in 35mm Technicolor and 16mm
Kodachrome prints. Also known as The Middleton Family at the World’s Fair.

268. MIDWEST HOLIDAY (1952, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Standard Oil Co. of Indiana. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright
30Jan53 LP2432. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Travelogue sponsored by the petroleum company. Deceptively simple, Midwest Holiday inter-
weaves a trailer adventure through 10 states, a boy-meets-girl narrative, and the broader themes
of America’s freedom of the road and Manifest Destiny. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.
Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1954. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/MidwestH1952.

269. THE MIRACLE OF CORN (ca. 1934, sound, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Kellogg Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Castle Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “More Sales with
Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 58; EFC (1936), 51. HOLDINGS: Not reported.

63
 Mobile Telephones

Film spotlighting the role of corn in American history and agriculture and the production
of Kellogg cereal products. NOTE: Printer’s Ink Monthly reported that more than 2 million
students saw the film.

270. MOBILE TELEPHONES (1949, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York Telephone Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: AAFF.

Film introducing mobile radiotelephone service for users along major highways and in urban
areas. Mobile Telephones contrasts the path of calls made through regular ground-based equip-
ment with those sent via radio channels. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. The Bell System began
limited mobile telephone service the year this film was produced.

271. A MODERN KNIGHT (ca. 1931, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “More Sales with Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 57; “Phone Movies Held Good-Will
Medium,” NYT, June 5, 1936, 16. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Advertising drama involving the use of the telephone in tracking down the location of an
abducted child. Reunited with her family, the girl is told that she was saved by “a modern
knight in black armor”—the telephone. NOTE: Produced primarily for theatrical use. In a
Federal Communications Commission meeting, an AT&T official reportedly denied that
A Modern Knight and similar Bell films had been created as business propaganda. For more
information on advertising films by AT&T, see “How Films Serve Bell System,” Bus Scrn 20,
no. 6 (1959): 33.

272. MOLLY GROWS UP (1953, sound, 14 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Personal Products Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Photo & Sound Productions for Medical Arts Productions.
DIRECTOR: Charles Larrance. WRITER: Donald M. Hatfield. CAMERA: Walter Schenk. ART DIRECTOR: Fred Barker.
EDITOR: George Watson. CAST: Betsy Hawkins, Wendy Larrance, Jane Taylor, Joe Miksak. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; EFG (1954–58), 202; Mental Hygiene, 183. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Well-acted film explaining the process of menstruation to girls. Sponsored by the manufacturer
of Modess sanitary napkins, Molly Grows Up avoids clichés and overt product advertising.
NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/MollyGro1953. The pro-
ducer also made As Boys Grow, a sex education film for teenage boys.

273. A MOON IS BORN (1957, sound, 4 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: International Business Machines Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Transfilm Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Preview of the Earth Satellite,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 5 (1957): 36; Carl Spielvogel, “Advertising:
The Company Motion Picture,” NYT, Feb. 9, 1958, F9. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Short promotional film envisioning the launching and tracking of Vanguard, the United
States’ first Earth satellite. A Moon Is Born uses animation to visualize the rocket take-off
and the role of IBM computers in tracking the satellite. NOTE: Shown in theaters and on
television. A Moon Is Born was released shortly after the Soviet Union’s Sputnik launch in
October 1957. After a failed attempt in December, Vanguard was successfully put into orbit
in March 1958. For more about the American program, see “Vanguard 1,” National Air and
Space Museum, www.nasm.si.edu/spacecraft/SS-vanguard.htm.

274. MORE THAN MEETS THE EYE (1952, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: CBS Radio Network, Columbia Broadcasting System. PRODUCTION CO.: United Productions of
America. DIRECTOR: John Hubley. NARRATOR: Robert Trout. RESOURCES: Copyright 28May52 MP2487; “‘But My
Business Is Different!’,” Mod Ind 24 (Aug. 15, 1952): 117; “CBS Network Presents Colorful Case,” Bus Scrn
13, no. 6 (1952): 31. HOLDINGS: LC.

64
 The Nation at Your Fingertips

Film sponsored by the radio network to assert the continued relevance of radio advertising at
a time when television was emerging as a major broadcast medium. More Than Meets the Eye
visualizes sound through symbols and was lauded by Modern Industry as borrowing effectively
from abstract art. NOTE: For more information about the production company, see Bosley
Crowther, “McBoing Boing, Magoo and Bosustow,” NYT, Dec. 21, 1952, SM14.

275. A MOVIE TRIP THROUGH FILMLAND (1921, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Eastman Kodak Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Bosworth, DeFrenes, and Felton. ANIMATION: Paul M. Felton.
RESOURCES: Copyright 17Dec21 MP2119; “How Films Are Made, Shown on the Screen, as Feature at Grand,”
Atlan Con, July 16, 1922, D4; “Stills from A Trip Through Filmland,” LAT, Aug. 27, 1922, VIII, 2; John E. Webber,
“Industrial Films as Advertising and Educational Mediums,” Ed Scrn 4 (Sept. 1925): 445–47. HOLDINGS: GEH.
Documentary illustrating the making of nitrate motion-picture film at the Kodak plant in
Rochester, New York. Celebrating movies as the universal human language, A Movie Trip
Through Filmland begins with an extraordinary animated sequence showing film in use around
the globe. At the time, Kodak produced nearly 150,000 miles of film annually, which the
documentary drives home by showing the same length of film wrapped around the earth six
times. NOTE: The film played in theaters for more than three years. Also known as A Trip
Through Filmland.

276. MR. B NATURAL (1956, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: C.G. Conn Ltd. PRODUCTION CO.: Kling Film Productions. DIRECTOR: Phil Patton. WRITER: Marvin David.
MUSIC: Bernie Saber. CAST: Betty Luster, Paul Richards. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “‘Selling’ Youth
on Music Values,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 5 (1957): 40; Mental Hygiene, 186. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film sponsored by a musical instrument manufacturer to encourage junior high students to
take up music. Mr. B Natural, a “hep pixie” embodying the spirit of music, shows high schooler
Buzz Turner how playing an instrument could turn around his life. Taking up the trumpet,
Buzz joins the school band, becomes popular, and stars as soloist at the school’s Victory Dance.

277. MR. PEANUT AND HIS FAMILY TREE (1939, sound, 3 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Planters Nut and Chocolate Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Ted Eshbaugh Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1, 1939):
34–47; “Exhibit Theatres at the Fair,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 6 (1939): 21. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Humorous animated advertisement showing how peanuts grow underground. NOTE: Thought
to be the first animated film produced in 16mm Kodachrome, Mr. Peanut and His Family Tree
was exhibited at the 1939–40 World’s Fairs in New York and San Francisco.

278. MUNICIPAL SERVICES (ca. 1940, sound, 75 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: City of Portland. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Movies and Radio Put Cities
in Closer Touch with People,” CSM, Apr. 13, 1940, 2; “Motion Pictures to Publicize Local Affairs,” Am City
56 (Apr. 1941): 93. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Report to Portland, Oregon, residents on the array of services provided by their city. Written,
directed, and photographed by city employees, Municipal Services highlights Portland’s har-
bor patrol, tree removal service, and police officer training. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

279. THE NATION AT YOUR FINGERTIPS (1951, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Promotional film introducing self-service long-distance dialing. Showing the prototype service
in Englewood, New Jersey, The Nation at Your Fingertips demonstrates how direct dial and
the new area code system enable callers to make contact instantly without operator assistance.

65
 National Cash Register Films

The film ends with a corporate promise to continue the AT&T tradition of technological
innovation. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Nationat1951.

280. [NATIONAL CASH REGISTER FILMS] (1903; silent; 30 films, 1–3 min ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Cash Register Co. PRODUCTION CO.: American Mutoscope & Biograph Co. CAMERA: Robert K.
Bonine. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Emergence, 312; AFI 1893–1910, 413. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Series of 30 films showing the sponsor’s facilities in Dayton, Ohio, and the activities of execu-
tives, including founder John H. Patterson. Created to accompany company lectures, the series
included such titles as Girls in Physical Culture, Testing Jacks, and Visitors in Wheeling Chairs.

281. NEIGHBORHOOD STORY (1955, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Baden Street Settlement. PRODUCTION CO.: Syracuse University Audio-Visual Center. DIRECTOR:
Harold Smith. PRODUCER: Irving M. Kriegsfeld. Writer: Ruth Nikrant. RESOURCES: Copyright 22April54 MP5061;
Howard Thompson, “The Non-Theatrical Screen Scene,” NYT, May 1, 1955, X5. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC.
Graphic, down-to-earth documentary sponsored by a settlement house in Rochester, New
York, to explain its services to the community. The story focuses on the family of a 10-year-
old boy and their social worker. NOTE: Founded in 1901, the Baden Street Settlement con-
tinues to provide an array of social services to the poor and disadvantaged of Rochester.

282. THE NEW AGE OF ARCHITECTURE (1958, sound, 42 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Architectural Forum Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Transfilm Inc. Director/Writer: Joseph Krumgold.
RESOURCES: Copyright 30Sep58 MP9738; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers to the Nontheatrical Film Field,”
NYT, Oct. 12, 1958, X9. HOLDINGS: LC.
Film commissioned by a leading architectural journal to discuss major trends in its field. Among
the 16 architects, planners, and builders appearing are Eero Saarinen, Edward Durell Stone,
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and Frank Lloyd Wright. NOTE: Joseph Krumgold was an award-
winning children’s book writer.

283. NEW ARCHITECTURE (1934, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Richard Neutra Studio. PRODUCTION CO.: Roger Barlow. DIRECTORS/CAMERA: Leroy Robbins, Roger
Barlow. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 44. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film sponsored by the prominent Los Angeles modernist architectural studio to explore the
integration of buildings with their natural surroundings. NOTE: For a list of Roger Barlow’s
films, see Lovers, 363.

284. THE NEW CALIFORNIA (1948, sound, 22 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Bank of America. PRODUCTION CO.: March of Time. RESOURCES: Copyright 30Nov48 MP110; “Case
Histories: Cavalcade of California,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 3 (1949): 27; EFG (1951), 728. HOLDINGS: LC, MacDonald.
Film commissioned by the San Francisco–based bank to celebrate the centennial of California
statehood. Applauding the state’s postwar prosperity, the documentary singles out the role
of far-sighted businessmen, investors, and bankers in fostering growth. The New California
includes a montage of the state’s landscapes, cities, industries, and communities. NOTE: One
of the many sponsored films produced by March of Time in its last decade. A 10-minute ver-
sion was shown theatrically in West Coast theaters. Also released in 16mm.

285. NEW FORESTS FOR OLD (ca. 1932, silent, 10 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Dept. of Forests and Waters, State of Pennsylvania. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered. HOLDINGS: Penn.
Conservation film sponsored by a state agency to encourage reforestation. In the story a
forward-looking farmer and his son learn from a state forester about Pennsylvania’s program

66
 Not by Books Alone

to sell tree seedlings for planting on unused acreage. The son takes delight in imagining his
father’s newly planted trees taking root and flourishing over the next 50 years.

286. NEW NEIGHBOR (1953, sound, 25 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: U.S. Steel Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR: Haford Kerbawy. CAMERA:
Pierre Mols. PRODUCTION DESIGNER: Charles Nasca. MUSIC: Samuel Benavie. EDITOR: Harold Rogers. NARRATOR:
George Hicks. RESOURCES: Copyright 13Apr53 MU5544; “Levitt Reveals Plans of New Defense Houses,”
Wash Post, Dec. 2, 1951, R7; “Fairless Works Shaping Up Fast,” NYT, Oct. 19, 1952, F6; William G. Weart,
“Bucks County Life Revamped by Boom,” NYT, Dec. 25, 1953, 23. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Documentary about the construction of the Fairless Works, U.S. Steel’s state-of-the-art steel
mill outside Philadelphia, and Levittown/Fairless Hills, the adjoining 16,000-home commu-
nity built by developers Levitt & Sons primarily for steelworkers. The first furnace is christened
Hazel, after the wife of company chairman Benjamin Fairless. New Neighbor also recounts the
rags-to-riches success story of the U.S. Steel chairman. NOTE: Narrator George Hicks was
the familiar host of the U.S. Steel Hour radio program. Also released in 16mm. Viewable on-
line at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/NewNeigh1953.

287. NEW YORK CALLING (1942, sound, 24 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: New York Central Railroad. PRODUCER: Frederick G. Beach. WRITER: Gordon
Auchincloss. NARRATOR: Vincent Connelly. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “New York Calling : Road’s
Color Film,” CSM, Mar. 7, 1942, 3; “New Films of the Month,” Ed Scrn 21 (May 1942): 195; EFC (1943), 347;
Frederick G. Beach, “Films Serve the New York Central,” Bus Scrn 7, no. 5 (1946): 25. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Travelogue sponsored by a railroad company serving New York City. Approaching the metrop-
olis by rail, the film covers major tourist destinations such as Coney Island, Times Square,
celebrated nightclubs, and Rockefeller Center, where NBC provides an experimental televi-
sion demonstration. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor. Also released in 16mm. Revised in 1948.

288. 1999 A.D. (1967, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Philco-Ford Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. NARRATOR: Alexander Scourby. CAST: Wink Martindale,
Marj Dusay. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “House of Tomorrow,” CT, July 29, 1967, SA8. HOLDINGS:
AV Geeks, MacDonald.
A whimsical yet serious-minded look into the future sponsored by the appliance and radio
manufacturer. In the “1999 House of Tomorrow,” each family member’s activities are enabled
by a central computer and revolve around products remarkably similar to those made by the
sponsor. Power comes from a self-contained fuel cell, which supports environmental controls,
an automatic cooking system, and a computer-assisted “education room.” NOTE: Produced in
Eastmancolor. Renowned interior decorator Paul McCobb designed the futuristic home.

289. NOT BY BOOKS ALONE (1945, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Rochester Public Library. PRODUCTION CO.: Social Documentary Films. DIRECTOR: Margaret Cussler.
CAMERA: Mary L. de Give. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1949), 318; Margaret Cussler, Not by a
Long Shot: Adventures of a Documentary Film Producer (New York: Exposition Press, 1951), 107–43;
Joseph W. Barnes and Robert W. Barnes, “From Books to Multimedia: A History of the Reynolds Library
and the Reynolds Audio-Visual Department of the Rochester Public Library,” Rochester History 36 (Oct.
1974): 24. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC.
Documentary sponsored by the Rochester Public Library illustrating the range of community
services offered by public libraries. Not by Books Alone shows how libraries advance education,
provide recreational opportunities, help job seekers, and promote good citizenship. NOTE: The
film was translated into several languages and shown at UNESCO conferences in Paris and
Mexico City. Produced in Kodachrome.

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 Not One to Spare

290. NOT ONE TO SPARE (1931, silent, 33 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Harmon Foundation; Religious Motion Picture Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: NARA.
Depression-era drama encouraging rural families to stay together and uphold spiritual values
in economically difficult times. In the story a wealthy but childless man writes his impover-
ished brother offering financial help in exchange for one of his seven children. The farmer
and his wife reluctantly decide to give up their eldest daughter but change their minds at the
last minute. The rich brother sends a check anyway. NOTE: For more about the sponsors, see
“W.E. Harmon Endows Religious Movie Co., Gives $50,000 to Aid Interest in Churches,”
NYT, Sept. 17, 1925, 4.

291. NOW YOU’RE TALKING (1927, silent, 9 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Inkwell Studios. DIRECTOR: Dave Fleischer.
WRITER: Max Fleischer. CAMERA: S. Roy Luby. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; More Treasures, 91–94.
HOLDINGS: LC.

Animated and live-action film explaining the proper handling of the desk telephone. In the
story a distracted and sleep-deprived businessman abuses his phone, which is rushed to the
hospital for emergency care. All is put right, and the ringing phone announces that the busi-
nessman is a new father. NOTE: Also known as Tale of the Upright Telephone. Viewable online
at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/now_youre_talking_1927.

292. AN OLD CHINESE PROVERB: ONE PICTURE IS WORTH 10,000 WORDS

(1946, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Jerry Fairbanks Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “On Making of
Films,” Bus Scrn 8, no. 1 (1947): 60. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Promotional film for Jerry Fairbanks Productions, the Hollywood-based firm specializing in
industrial, advertising, and television films. This behind-the-scenes look at a nontheatrical
producer’s operations is punctuated with clips from the studio’s films, including ones from the
Popular Science and Speaking of Animals series. NOTE: Jerry Fairbanks, the head of Paramount
Pictures’ shorts department in the early 1940s, opened his own studio after World War II and
invented the Zoomar television lens. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/OldChine1946.

293. ON THE FIRING LINE (1936, sound, 19 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Tuberculosis Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Courier Productions Inc. NARRATOR: Vaughan
Glaser. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1939), 160. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Public health travelogue highlighting places that have figured prominently in efforts to com-
bat tuberculosis. The railroad journey begins in Washington, D.C., and proceeds to Saranac
Lake, New York, where Edward Livingston Trudeau developed modern treatment methods,
and California, a state whose healthy climate attracts recuperating patients. Along the way,
the film discusses the infection and death rate of different ethnic and racial groups and includes
footage of mobile clinics serving African American communities in the South. NOTE: Also
released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/OntheFir1936.

294. ON TO JUPITER (1939, sound, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Public Relations Dept., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Sound Masters Inc. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Sloan Declares That U.S. Is Just Started on Career,” CSM, Apr. 20, 1939, 1; EFC
(1940–41), 64; GM Catalog, 27; “Better Living,” 271. HOLDINGS: GMMA, MacDonald, UGA.
Film presenting the corporation as the engine for technological and economic advancement.
In the story a businessman believes that America has already “reached the ultimate in human

68
 One World or None

progress” and cannot continue to break new ground. He is challenged by “the Spirit of Change,”
a seer who calls up images from the country’s past, present, and future to demonstrate the
continuum of technological achievement. The Spirit of Change caps his argument by show-
casing modern inventions—the television, the home facsimile machine, and plastics—and
the vision of the future presented by the New York World’s Fair “Futurama” exhibit. NOTE:
Also distributed in 16mm. On to Jupiter was shown at the dedication of GM’s exhibit at the
1939–40 New York World’s Fair and is said to have been inspired by the life story of inven-
tor Charles F. Kettering, GM’s research director.

295. ONCE UPON A HONEYMOON (1956, sound, 14 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jerry Fairbanks Productions. DIRECTOR:
Gower Champion. WRITERS: Kenneth H. Bennett, Leo S. Rosencrans. CAMERA: Jerry Fairbanks. PRODUCTION
DESIGNER: Theodore Holsopple. MUSIC: Edward Paul. EDITOR: Milton Kleinberg. CAST: Virginia Gibson, Ward
Ellis, Chick Chandler, Alan Mowbray, Veronica Pataky. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.
Glossy musical made to promote color “decorator” telephones. The short tells the story of
newlyweds whose honeymoon must be delayed until the husband completes a new song for
his client. As the husband struggles with writer’s block, his wife dreams about a remodeled
home with color phones in every room, from the bedroom to the kitchen. Fortunately the
telephone dial clicks provide the needed musical inspiration for the husband, and the couple
jubilantly sing his new song “Castle in the Sky” as they dance out the door. NOTE: This delight-
ful film, produced in Technicolor and Superscope, exemplifies the enthusiasm and excess of
mid-1950s advertising. Local telephone company offices distributed sheet music for “Castle
in the Sky,” written by Richard Pribor, with lyrics by Al Stewart. Also distributed in 16mm.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/OnceUpon1956.

296. ONCE UPON A TIME (1934, sound, 10 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: F. Lyle Goldman.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Colored Film on Safe Driving Uses Pandora Box Characters,” CSM,
Dec. 12, 1934, 2; Bernard A. Grimes, “20 Basic Questions on Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon 31 (Aug. 1935):
72–73; EFC (1936), 48; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45
(July 1, 1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: LC, UCLA.
Driver safety cartoon, told through song, created as part of an insurance company’s public
education program. When Pandora opens her box, goblins “Carelessness” and “Discourtesy”
escape to cause traffic accidents. Good fairies “Carefulness” and “Courtesy” charm the gob-
lins back into the box. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor. Also released in 16mm.

297. ONE WORLD OR NONE (1946, sound, 9 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Committee for Atomic Information. PRODUCTION CO.: Philip Ragan Associates. PRODUCER:
Philip Ragan. NARRATOR: Raymond Gram Swing. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Richard L. Coe, “Film-
land’s Fumbles Reflect Its Fear of the A-Bomb,” Wash Post, Aug. 3, 1947, B3; “Candidate Using Animated
Cartoon to Present Arguments Gets Crowds,” LAT, Nov. 6, 1950, 11; EFG (1951), 460; Film Forum Review
staff, “One World or None,” in Ideas, 216–17. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UGA.
Warning about the threat of nuclear war. Sponsored by atomic scientists, One World or None
uses animation to explain the development of atomic energy and the devastation that would
result if a bomb were dropped on the United States. Atomic weapons were created by an
international effort, and the only defense, the narrator argues, is for the world community
to come together to seek their control. NOTE: The Federation of American Scientists prepared
a book by the same title; see Dexter Masters and Katherine Way, eds., One World or None:
A Report to the Public on the Full Meaning of the Atomic Bomb (New York: Whittlesey House,

69
 One-Tenth of a Nation

1946), also available online at www.fas.org/oneworld. Producer Philip Ragan showed the film
during his failed run for Congress in 1950.

298. ONE-TENTH OF A NATION (1940, sound, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Film Center, with funding by General Education Board, a Rockefeller Foundation project.
PRODUCTION CO.: Film Associates Inc. DIRECTOR: Felix Greene. WRITER: Maurice Ellis. CAMERA: Roger Barlow,
Henwar Rodakiewicz, Theodore Lawrence. MUSIC: Roy Harris. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Film
on Race Education to Be Made This Spring,” Chi Def, Apr. 27, 1940, 10; “3 Photographers for Exposition Are
Jailed,” Chi Def, June 29, 1940, 1; “Film on Negro Education Shown at Race Progress Exposition Here,”
Chi Def, Sept. 7, 1940, 17; Living Films, 46; William J. Sloan, “The Documentary Film and the Negro: The
Evolution of the Integration Film,” Journal of the Society of Cinematologists 4 (1964–65): 66. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Film advocating the improvement of educational facilities for African Americans, then one-
tenth of America’s population. The documentary describes African American education in
the South, from one-room schools to modern universities, and was considered by William
Sloan “perhaps the most outstanding” prewar film on the “problems of the Negro.” NOTE:
While filming in Memphis, crew members were jailed on suspicion of being agitators. Also
released in 16mm.

299. THE OPEN DOOR: THE STORY OF FOREMAN JIM BAXTER, HIS FAMILY, AND HIS JOB
(1945, sound, 44 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Public Relations Staff, General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR:
Haford Kerbawy. PRODUCER: Esther Schrodel. WRITER: Gordon H. Miller. CAST: William Post Jr., Betty Kelley,
George Mathews, Harvey Stephens. RESOURCES: Copyright 3Dec45 MU16571; “Better Living,” 151–55, 271.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Management training film commissioned by GM at a time when factory foremen were con-
sidering unionization. Machinist Jim Baxter is promoted and must decide whether to cast
his lot with management or with workers. He discusses the question in the workplace and
at home. Rather than permitting “third parties” to represent him, the new foreman decides
to work out problems by talking directly with the plant manager. NOTE: Also distributed in
16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/OpenDoor1945.

300. OPERATION CORRECTION (1961, sound, 44 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California. NARRATOR: Ernest Besig.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “ACLU Re-narrates Operation Abolition,” CSM, Dec. 1, 1961, B16;
Committee on Academic Freedom, National Council for the Social Studies, “Operation Abolition : A Bibli-
ography,” Social Education 26 (May 1962): 242–43; B.S. Greenberg, “Operation Abolition vs. Operation
Correction : Two Controversial Political Films,” Audiovisual Communications Review 11 (May 1963): 40–46.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.

Response to Operation Abolition, the House Un-American Activities Committee film criticiz-
ing the 1960 anti-HUAC demonstrations in San Francisco. Operation Correction takes the form
of a deconstruction of the original film and includes commentary from lawyers, journalists,
and civil libertarians. The executive director of the local ACLU chapter gives the narration.
NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Operatio1961.

301. OPERATION HOURGLASS (1956, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Cummins Engine Co. PRODUCTION CO.: International Film Foundation. DIRECTOR: Alexander Hammid.
PRODUCER: Julien Bryan. WRITER: Maxime Furland. CAMERA: Robert Ziller, Peaslee Bond. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers to 16mm. Film Field,” NYT, Oct. 7, 1956, 131; EFG (1954–58),
225. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Industrial film sponsored by the engine manufacturer to illustrate the scientific removal of

70
 Our Mr. Sun

dust from diesel engines. Howard Thompson considered this work from avant-garde film-
maker Alexander Hammid “as simple, precise and brilliant as a diamond.”

302. OPERATOR (1969, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Maysles Films Inc. DIRECTOR: Nell Cox.
CAMERA: Richard Leacock. MUSIC: New York Rock and Roll Ensemble. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
Holdings: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Recruitment film intended to interest young people, especially women, in working as telephone
operators. Beginning with a silent-film clip of the Keystone Kops, the cinema verité–style film
shows operators at work and interviews them about their jobs. Operator ends with a psyche-
delic rock-and-roll sequence.

303. OPPORTUNITIES UNLIMITED (1956, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Life Magazine; Fortune Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Transfilm Inc. DIRECTOR: Steve Muffatti.
CAMERA: Eli L. Levitan, Harvey Plastrik. ART DIRECTOR: Howard Kanudo. ANIMATION: Ben Farish, Bill Hudson,
Keith Robinson, Howard Smith. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “The 16mm
Screen Scene,” NYT, Mar. 31, 1957, 125. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film targeting magazine advertisers. Opportunities Unlimited describes the growing mid-1950s
market of lower-income consumers and families with children. “Slick as a whistle—an extremely
attractive blend of animation and live action depicting the current economic boom and its sig-
nificance to producers and consumers,” wrote Howard Thompson. NOTE: Produced in Koda-
chrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/opportunities_unlimited.

304. THE ORDEAL OF THOMAS MOON (1957, sound, 19 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Smith, Kline & French. PRODUCTION CO.: Gerald Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Michael Nebbia. CAST:
Dominick “Dom” DeLuise. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “The Ordeal of Thomas Moon,” Bus Scrn
18, no. 4 (1957): 35. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Medical film sponsored by the Philadelphia-based pharmaceutical firm to illustrate how obe-
sity affects the performance of simple everyday tasks. This unusual short made for physicians
shows the struggle of an overweight traveler ascending the stairs at Pennsylvania station and
trying to enter a phone booth to make a call. Fed up and exhausted, the man seeks medical
advice. NOTE: The Ordeal of Thomas Moon was shot on location and used natural sound. The
film contains no direct advertising. Smith, Kline & French (now GlaxoSmithKline) produced
the obesity drug Dexedrine.

305. ORIGINAL FILMS OF FRANK B. GILBRETH (1945, silent, 32 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Chicago Chapter, Society for the Advancement of Management. PRODUCERS: James S. Perkins,
Lillian M. Gilbreth, Ralph M. Barnes. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Machine Measures Motion,”
Wash Post, Apr. 20, 1913, MS1. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, SI/NMAH.
Footage drawn from Frank Gilbreth’s time and motion studies. The anthology includes a
clip of his family, who were often used in his work-efficiency experiments. NOTE: Also known
as Original Films of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. The compilation was also issued in a 26-minute
version with narration by James S. Perkins. Other films by Gilbreth are held by Purdue Uni-
versity. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/OriginalFilm. For more
about Gilbreth’s use of films in research, see “Many Inventions,” The Outlook, Mar. 29,
1913, 736.

306. OUR MR. SUN (1956, sound, 59 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Frank Capra Productions Inc. DIRECTORS:
Frank Capra, William T. Hurtz. PRODUCER/WRITER: Frank Capra. ANIMATION: United Productions of America.
CAST: Eddie Albert, Frank Baxter, Lionel Barrymore, Sterling Holloway, Marvin Miller. RESOURCES: Copyright

71
 Over Sapphire Seas

LP9113 7Nov56; Jack Gould, “Television: Our Mr. Sun,” NYT, Nov. 20, 1956, 58; Richard Dyer MacCann,
“Use of Animated Cartoons to Expand TV Techniques,” CSM, Nov. 20, 1956, 9; “Industry Takes a Hand,” Bus
Scrn 18, no. 7 (1957): 38–39; James Gilbert, Redeeming Culture: American Religion in an Age of Science
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997), 199–223. HOLDINGS: AAFF, GEH, LC, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Popular scientific film directed by Frank Capra that launched the Bell System Science series.
Combining animation and live action, Our Mr. Sun uses a scientist-writer team to present
information about the sun and its importance to humankind. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor,
the film was originally telecast in 1956 and 1957 to 9 million homes; some 600 16mm prints
were distributed to schools and community organizations through the Bell Telephone System
film libraries.

307. OVER SAPPHIRE SEAS (1934, sound, 10 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Panama-Pacific Steamship Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Travelogue presenting an ocean cruise aboard an all-electric liner en route to the West Coast
via the Panama Canal. Over Sapphire Seas shows ports of call, the onboard facilities, and pas-
senger activities.

308. PALMOUR STREET (1949, sound, 22 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Mental Health Div., Georgia Dept. of Public Health. PRODUCTION CO.: Southern Educational Film
Production Service. DIRECTORS: Bill Clifford, George Stoney. WRITER: George Stoney. CAMERA: Bill Clifford.
MUSIC: Louis Applebaum. NARRATOR: Rev. William Holmes Borders. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
EFG (1951), 249; “Palmour Street, Film Discussion Guide,” The Coordinator 4 (Sept. 1955): 57–58. HOLDINGS:
AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MoMA, NYPL.
Neorealist mental health film produced for parents and health care workers. Palmour Street
shows the daily life of an African American family and demonstrates how good parenting
prepares children for adulthood and nurtures emotional growth. NOTE: The film was shot in
Gainesville, Georgia, with a local cast. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/PalmourS1957.

309. PARTY LINES (1947, sound, 16 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Eddie Albert Productions. CAMERA: Vernon
Lewis. PUPPETRY: Bil and Cora Baird. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Puppets for Public Relations,”
Bus Scrn 8, no. 4 (1947): 30. HOLDINGS: AAFF, MacDonald, SI/NMAH, UGA.
Instructional film using marionettes to illustrate the proper etiquette for telephone subscribers
sharing party lines. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

310. THE PASSAIC TEXTILE STRIKE (1926, silent, 7 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: International Workers Aid. PRODUCTION CO.: Passaic Strike Relief Committee. DIRECTOR: Sam
Russak. PRODUCER: Albert Wagenknecht. WRITER: Margaret Larkin. CAMERA: Lester Balog, Sam Brody,
William Schwartfeller. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Steven J. Ross, “Struggles for the Screen:
Workers, Radicals, and the Political Uses of Silent Film,” American Historical Review 96 (Apr. 1991):
355–56; Behind the Mask, 498–508; Working-Class, 162; More Treasures, 151–56. HOLDINGS: LC.
Feature produced to tell labor’s side of the story in the bitter 1926 strike against wool mills
in Passaic, New Jersey. The two-reel “Prologue,” featuring real strikers in dramatic roles, serves
as an introduction to actuality footage of union meetings, picket lines, and rallies. NOTE:
Premiering at an open-air screening in September 1926, The Passaic Textile Strike was sent
on a national screening tour to raise money for worker relief. Two reels are lost.

311. THE PAYROLL DOLLAR (ca. 1926, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Regional Plan Association of San Francisco Bay Counties. PRODUCTION CO.: Alexander Productions.

72
 Perversion for Profit

PRODUCER: Philip W. Alexander. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; R.V. Black, “Regional Plan for the
San Francisco Bay Counties,” Am City 33 (July 1925): 22–23; Guy Wilfrid Hayler, “Explaining City Planning
Through the Movies,” Am City 35 (July 1926): 39–40. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film encouraging the building of planned cities in the West. Shot on location in northern
California, The Payroll Dollar illustrates the design, zoning, and beautification of the new city
by use of an impressively detailed miniature. The film argues that planned cities are good for
business and help circulate the “payroll dollar.”

312. PEOPLE COME FIRST (1940, sound, 2 reels, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: American Transit Association. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Irving Jacoby. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; Living Films, 46; “Technicolor Film Shows Traffic Shots,” Wash Post, Dec. 14, 1940, 17.
HOLDINGS: Not reported.

Film proposing public transportation as a means of eliminating traffic congestion in cities.

People Come First was described in Living Films as a “documentary film drama of city life and
transportation.” NOTE: The film was used by city transit agencies to promote development
of their services.

313. PEOPLE OF THE CUMBERLAND (1937, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Highlander Folk School. PRODUCTION CO.: Frontier Films. DIRECTORS: Robert Stebbins [Sidney Meyers],
Eugene Hill [Jay Leyda], Elia Kazan, William Watts. WRITERS: Erskine Caldwell, David Wolff [Ben Maddow].
CAMERA: Ralph Steiner. MUSIC: Alex North, Earl Robinson, Elie Siegmeister. SOUND EDITOR: Helen Van Dongen.
NARRATOR: Richard Blaine. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films, 46; EFC (1943), 351; William
Alexander, Film on the Left: American Documentary Film from 1931 to 1942 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press, 1981), 174–85; Charles Wolfe, “Straight Shots and Crooked Plots,” in Lovers, 253–56.
HOLDINGS: LC, MoMA.

Documentary celebrating the work of the Highlander Folk School, a progressive adult edu-
cation center founded in 1932 in the mountain community of Monteagle, Tennessee. People
of the Cumberland demonstrates how education and the labor movement can transform an
impoverished mining region and bring hope to its people. Made by activist filmmakers,
the movie ends with a call for a “new kind of America.” NOTE: Viewable online at Nicole
Huffman, “People of the Cumberland,” New Frontiers in American Documentary Film,
xroads.virginia.edu/~MA01/Huffman/Frontier/people.html.

314. PERVERSION FOR PROFIT (ca. 1962, sound, 29 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Citizens for Decent Literature. PRODUCTION CO.: The Christophers. NARRATOR: George Putnam.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Kay Sullivan, “Cincinnati vs. Pornography,” Catholic Digest 23 (June
1959): 12–19; Sid Bernstein, “Stricter State Laws Against Smut Asked,” LAT, Nov. 27, 1962, E8; Norman
Mark, “Censorship: Fanatics and Fallacies; The Anonymous Smut Hunters,” The Nation, July 5, 1965, 5–7;
Howard Junker, “Smut Hunters: The New Jurisprudery,” The Nation, Nov. 15, 1965, 358–60. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Film sponsored by a lay Catholic advocacy group to encourage local communities to enact
antipornography laws. In Perversion for Profit, an antipornography lecture by Los Angeles
broadcast personality George Putnam is illustrated with examples of indecent literature,
shown with red “censor bars” covering the objectionable sections. The film argues that por-
nography, especially homosexual erotica and material with violent content, distorts the moral
development of children and must be kept out of their hands. NOTE: CDL was founded in
1957 by Charles Keating and others in Cincinnati, Ohio. Released in 16mm Eastmancolor.
The film circulated in probably no more than a few dozen prints and was followed by CDL’s
Printed Poison and Pages of Death. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/Perversi1965.

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 Peter in Pruneland

315. PETER IN PRUNELAND (1939, sound, 15 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: California Prune Growers Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Associated Exposition Designers. DIRECTOR:
Orville Goldner. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two
Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45 (July 1, 1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Animated advertisement produced by California prune growers. To snappy jingles, the prune-
shaped puppet Peter promotes his product. NOTE: Exhibited at the 1939–40 San Francisco
World’s Fair. Also released in 16mm.

316. PETE-ROLEUM AND HIS COUSINS (1939, sound, 16 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Petroleum Industry Exhibition Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Loucks & Norling Studios. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER:
Joseph Losey. PRODUCTION DESIGNER: Howard Bay. MUSIC: Oscar Levant, Hanns Eisler. ANIMATION: Charles R.
Bowers. PUPPETRY: Lou Bunin. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Bosley Crowther, “Films for the Fair,”
NYT, Mar. 5, 1939, X5; “Advertisers’ Films Draw Huge Crowds at Nation’s Two Big Fairs,” Sales Mgmt 45
(July 1, 1939): 34–47. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
World’s Fair film that playfully promotes the petroleum industry. With stop-motion animation
by silent comedian Charley Bowers, Pete-Roleum and His Cousins uses small rubber puppets
to represent a clan of oil drops and their leader, Pete. Annoyed by a heckler, they quit serving
humankind, shut down the world economy, and prove the importance of petroleum. The film
also weaves in the story of petroleum in America from the pioneer days to the present. NOTE:
Produced in Technicolor. The sponsor was a consortium organized by major petroleum com-
panies for the purpose of mounting an exhibit at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair. The
film was Joseph Losey’s first screen credit.

317. PHILADELPHIA: ON THE MARCH (1951, sound, 15 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: “Know Your City” Office, Philadelphia Commercial Museum. PRODUCTION CO.: News Reel Labora-
tory. DIRECTOR: Paul Wendkos. PRODUCER: Louis W. Kellman. WRITER: Henry Klein. NARRATOR: John Facenda.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Henry Davis Nadig, “Two Films Made for City of Philadelphia by News
Reel Lab,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 7 (1951): 50; “Municipal Movies Produced in Burbank and Philadelphia,” Am
City 67, (Jan. 1952): 112. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Public information film sponsored by a city-funded agency to showcase municipal improve-
ments. Philadelphia: On the March reviews redevelopment and infrastructure projects on the
drawing board, including new housing, schools, expressways, and the public area surround-
ing Independence Hall, which became a national park in 1948. NOTE: The Philadelphia
Commercial Museum was later incorporated into the city’s Board of Trade and Conventions.
Paul Wendkos went on to direct the Gidget movies.

318. PITTSBURGH (1959, sound, 27 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Pittsburgh Bicentennial Association. PRODUCTION CO.: On Film Inc. DIRECTOR: James Stanley
[Stan Brakhage]. NARRATOR: Alexander Scourby. MUSIC: Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; Joyce Rheuban, “Brakhage Filmography,” Artforum 11 (Jan. 1973): 80–81. HOLDINGS:
Pittsburgh Filmmakers.
Film sponsored by the Pittsburgh Bicentennial Association to celebrate the 200th anniversary
of the city and its rebirth through the work of local citizens. Pittsburgh traces the city’s history
from its founding at the confluence of three rivers through its industrial development, decline,
and renaissance. This arresting short directed by Stan Brakhage illustrates its subject through
animated photographs, archival footage, and new handheld shots. In one of the film’s several
unusual effects, the city’s air pollution abatement effort is dramatized by showing smoke
retreating into smokestacks. NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor. Pittsburgh Filmmakers recon-
stituted the work on video in 1997. The avant-garde filmmaker took other assignments from
On Film during the 1950s.

74
 The Power behind the Nation

319. A PLACE TO LIVE (1941, sound, 16 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Philadelphia Housing Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Documentary Film Productions. DIRECTOR/-
PRODUCER: Irving Lerner. WRITERS: Muriel Rukeyser, David Forrest. CAMERA: Roger Barlow. MUSIC: David
Diamond, Max Goberman. NARRATOR: William Watts. CAST: Frieda N. Blank, William Kesselring. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; EFC (1943), 96; Film Forum Review staff, “A Place to Live,” in Ideas, 205–6.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Advocacy film sponsored by a citizens watchdog group dedicated to improving Philadelphia

housing. In this documentary with dramatized scenes, a schoolboy walks home through slum
alleys infested with rats to a squalid “bandbox” house (three stacked rooms). The family
yearns for a healthier place to live. According to Educational Film Catalog, “No problem is
solved but a suggestion or two is made. The film lays the foundation for an approach to a
solution.” NOTE: Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Subject in
1941. For background on the sponsor, see John F. Bauman, Public Housing, Race, and Renewal:
Urban Planning in Philadelphia, 1920–1974 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987).

320. PLAYTIME (1928, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Women’s City Club of New York; New York City Board of Education; New York City Dept. of
Parks. PRODUCTION CO.: Pathé Frères. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Film Advances Playgrounds,”
NYT, Dec. 11, 1927, X5; “Two-Reel Film, Playtime, Is a Plea for More Recreational Opportunities in Cities,”
Am City 38 (Jan. 1928): 13; Elizabeth Richey Dessez, “Motion Pictures for Social Groups,” CSM, Aug. 14,
1928, 10. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film by a New York City women’s civic group advocating the creation of more parks. In the
story Tommy and Ruth move to the city and are forced to play in places not intended for
children. Tommy is nearly asphyxiated in a factory fire; Ruth escapes but her doll is not so
fortunate. The solution comes when the two find a safe playground. As a reviewer in American
City wrote, “The picture is frank propaganda for more play places—propaganda needed in
most American cities.”

321. PORTRAIT OF A CITY (1951, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Color Portrait of Detroit,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 7 (1951): 37. HOLDINGS: LC.
Celebratory film from Ford commemorating Detroit’s 250th anniversary. Portrait of a City
reenacts scenes from the city’s history and presents a tour of its streets, parks, skyscrapers,
factories, and waterfront. NOTE: The film was broadcast on Detroit television and distributed
through Ford’s film libraries. Revised in 1961.

322. PORTRAIT OF A LIBRARY (1940, sound, 23 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Montclair Public Library, with support by Agnes Osborne Fund. PRODUCTION CO.: Hans Burger.
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/WRITER: Hans Burger. CAMERA: Sy Wexler. EDITORS: Hans Burger, Sy Wexler. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; Living Films, 47; EFC (1943), 79. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Portrait of a forward-looking public library in New Jersey. The film illustrates the unique place
of libraries in American communities. NOTE: Inspired by head librarian Margery C. Quigley
and William Elder Marcus’s book Portrait of a Library (New York: Appleton-Century, 1936).

323. THE POWER BEHIND THE NATION (1940, sound, 38 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Norfolk & Western Railway Co. PRODUCER: Waldo E. Austin. NARRATOR: Bob Trout. RESOURCES:
Copyright 1Nov40 MP10711; EFC (1940–41), 126. HOLDINGS: LC, UGA.
Overview of the bituminous coal industry sponsored by a major coal carrier. The Power behind
the Nation explores coal’s geological origins and its many uses as a fuel and a source of chemi-
cal by-products. The coal production process is traced from mining to transport and ends with

75
 Power for Progress

a scene at the coal terminal at Lambert Point, Virginia. NOTE: This film includes what is said
to be the first color motion picture footage shot in a coal mine.

324. POWER FOR PROGRESS (1957, sound, 24 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Los Angeles Dept. of Water and Power. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Lifeline Facts for the People,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 5 (1957): 36. HOLDINGS: UCLA.
Profile of the city-owned utility and its accomplishments. Power for Progress credits its spon-
sor with securing water from the Owens and Colorado rivers and laying the groundwork
for L.A.’s growth and prosperity. According to Business Screen, this public relations film was
intended to answer critics from private utilities and from regions adversely affected by Water
and Power’s appropriation of water resources.

325. POWERS OF TEN (1977, sound, 9 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: IBM Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Eames Studio. DIRECTORS: Charles and Ray Eames. COMPOSER: Elmer
Bernstein. NARRATOR: Philip Morrison. RESOURCES: Copyright 23Jul79 PA48-313. HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger.
Landmark film dramatizing the relative size of man in the universe. Starting with an image
of a picnic, Powers of Ten repeatedly envisions the same spot from a position ten times farther
away at intervals of ten seconds until it brings the viewer to the edge of the universe. Then
it reverses the process, traveling to the interior of an atom. NOTE: Also released in 16mm.
Powers of Ten was inspired by Kees Boeke’s Cosmic View: The Universe in 40 Jumps (New York:
John Day, 1957) and remakes the Eameses’ 1968 film A Rough Sketch for a Proposed Film
Dealing with the Powers of Ten and the Relative Size of Things in the Universe. Selected for
the National Film Registry.

326. THE PREPARATION OF CONDENSED MILK (ca. 1915, silent, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Borden Condensed Milk Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; BCE,
23–24; “Productions Worth While,” Reel and Slide 1 (Dec. 1918): 29. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Detailed document of condensed milk production from the company that invented the pro-
cess. The film begins with the cows and ends with the sealed can. NOTE: Distributed by the
Bureau of Commercial Economics.

327. THE PRICE OF FREEDOM (1949, sound, 23 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Association of Manufacturers. PRODUCTION CO.: Apex Film Corp. DIRECTOR: William J.
Thiele. PRODUCER: Jack Chertok. WRITERS: Holcombe Parks, William J. Thiele, David P. Sheppard, Thomas M.
Wolff. MUSIC: David Chudnow. EDITOR: Jack Ruggiero. CAST: Arthur Franz, Ray Collins, Michael Chekhov,
Will Wright. RESOURCES: Copyright 29Apr49 MP4393; “The Price of Freedom,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 4 (1949):
21–22; J. Austin Burkhart, “Big Business and the Schools,” The Nation, Nov. 10, 1951, 400–402; Selling,
202; “Better Living,” 178–80, 272. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC, MacDonald, UCLA.
Cold War drama from the nation’s largest industrial trade association. After visiting Germany
and learning about the emergence of the Nazi Party in the 1930s, a young and previously
apathetic newspaper columnist writes a series of electrifying pieces about the threat of com-
munism. Business Screen reported that the film warns that freedom “can be traded for pretty-
sounding guarantees of a better life” and must be vigilantly safeguarded. NOTE: Also released
in 16mm. Received a Freedoms Foundation award in 1950.

328. PRODUCTION 5118 (1955, sound, 30 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Champion Paper & Fibre Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR: Kirby Grant.
WRITER: Sam Beall. RESOURCES: Copyright 14Nov55 LP6263; “Production 5118,” Bus Scrn 16, no. 7 (1955):
38–39. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film promoting good interpersonal communication. In the story a corporate executive fails
to communicate effectively at work and at home, and dramatized tableaux demonstrate the

76
 The Quiet Revolution

unfortunate results. NOTE: Produced in Eastmancolor. Also released in 16mm. The film pre-
miered at the 1955 meeting of the Public Relations Society of America and won a Freedoms
Foundation award in 1956. Also known as Prod. 5118. For more about Champion’s films,
see “A Champion among Sponsors,” Bus Scrn 19, no. 8 (1958): 31–34.

329. THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CARE OF INFANTS (1912, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Department of Child-Helping, Russell Sage Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A. Edison Inc.
DIRECTORS: Carleton King, Charles M. Seay. RESOURCES: Copyright 6Dec12 LP159; advertisement, Atlan Con,
Dec. 15, 1912, B14. HOLDINGS: MoMA.
Early drama about child care. A young widow with twin infants must hire caregivers for her
children so she can work as a domestic. She places one child with a foster mother and the other
in an “asylum.” The institutionalized twin dies. “Many babies die in institutions who would
live if given family home care,” an intertitle argues. In the film’s coda, the young mother finds
a sympathetic female employer who allows child care at her home.

330. PUEBLO BOY (1947, sound, 22 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Transfilm Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Raymond
Spottiswoode, “Men of Gloucester, Pueblo Boy, Southern Highlanders,” in Ideas, 205. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Travelogue showcasing a father-son visit to a Native American powwow in Gallup, New
Mexico. According to Raymond Spottiswoode, this Ford-sponsored film reveals “not so
much America as the mind of Henry Ford Sr.” NOTE: Released in 16mm Technicolor,
Pueblo Boy was part of Ford’s Americans at Home series. For more about the series, see
“Ford Sponsors Series Americans at Home,” Bus Scrn 8, no. 2 (1947): 12.

331. THE PURPLE MARTIN STORY (1966, sound, 13 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSORS: Griggsville Wild Bird Society; Trio Manufacturing Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Griggsville Wild Bird
Society. WRITER: George Mobus. CAMERA: Wayne Bradshaw. Narrator: Rex Davis. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; advertisement, CT, Mar. 20, 1966, A8. HOLDINGS: Nature.
Introduction to the purple martin, a type of migrating swallow that, because of its voracious
appetite for flying insects, was proposed as a mosquito-abatement alternative to dangerous
pesticides such as DDT. The Purple Martin Story advocates erecting special metal houses, made
by sponsor Trio Manufacturing, to attract and protect the birds. The short was cosponsored
by a grassroots community group with the help of the local Jaycees. NOTE: The Purple Martin
Story is still in circulation. J.L. Wade, who headed Trio, authored What You Should Know
about the Purple Martin (Griggsville, IL: J.L. Wade, 1966).

332. THE PURPLE TURTLE (1962, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: American Crayon Co.; National Kindergarten Association. PRODUCTION CO.: ACI Productions.
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER/CAMERA: Stelios Roccos. MUSIC: Richard Wernick. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
Phyllis Ehrlich, “Parents Urged to Give Tyro Artist Free Hand,” NYT, Mar. 5, 1962, 19; Howard Thompson,
“Screen Entries in 16mm,” NYT, Mar. 11, 1962, X7; “Film on Tots with Paints,” CSM, Mar. 17, 1962, 6.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Film showing kindergarteners in art class. Unscripted and informal, The Purple Turtle is
narrated by the children and captures their excitement in expressing themselves through
painting and sculpture.

333. THE QUIET REVOLUTION (1956, sound, 9 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Tractor and Implement Div., Ford Motor Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
William G. Weart, “Bucks County Life Revamped by Boom,” NYT, Dec. 25, 1953, 23. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Advertising film showcasing the use of Ford tractors in the construction of the planned

77
 Red Asphalt

community of Levittown, Pennsylvania. The Quiet Revolution illustrates how Ford tractors
contributed to the 16,000-home project and helped the builders and landscapers achieve
unprecedented economies of scale. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/QuietRev1956.

334. RED ASPHALT (1964, sound, 17 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: California Highway Patrol. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: John Ryan. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; Linda Mathews, “The Reel Fellows: Documentaries to Aid Charity,” LAT, Nov. 28, 1967, B6.
HOLDINGS: Not reported.

Driving safety film made for screening in high schools and driver education programs. Red
Asphalt includes graphic scenes of road accidents on California highways. NOTE: Inspired by
Signal 30, filmed in Ohio by Highway Safety Films, Red Asphalt was made by the Reel Fellows,
a group of Hollywood cinematographers and technicians working pro bono. The CHP distrib-
uted the film to high schools and often sent an officer to lecture with the screening. Beginning
in 1979, several remakes were made on video.

335. THE REDWOODS (1967, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Sierra Club. PRODUCTION CO.: King Screen Productions. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS: Mark Jonathan Harris,
Trevor Greenwood. CAMERA/EDITOR: Richard Chew. RESOURCES: Copyright 19Jun68 MP19665. HOLDINGS: LC,
LC/Prelinger.
Environmental advocacy film that was part of a national campaign aimed at protecting old-
growth redwood acreage, 90 percent of which had already been logged. NOTE: The Redwoods
won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Subject in 1967. Redwood National
Park was established the following year.

336. THE RELAXED WIFE (1957, sound, 14 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: J.B. Roerig & Co.; Charles Pfizer & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: On Film Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; “Pfizer Shows Stockholders Some Stimulating Data,” NYT, Apr. 17, 1956, 41; Norma Lee
Browning, “Happy Pills Can Make You Sad,” CT, Feb. 10, 1957, F19. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Promotional film for physicians about the new tranquilizer Atarax. The story centers on a
placid, unruffled wife and her anxious husband. Amid minimal, abstract sets the couple learn
how to relax together. Narrated in rhyme, the film warns against perfectionism and urges view-
ers to enjoy life. NOTE: The unusual screen credits indicate that the film was “created by”
Tracy Ward and others. Produced in Ektachrome.

337. THE REWARD OF THRIFT (1914, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Bankers’ Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Pictures Tell Thrift Story,” LAT, Oct. 16, 1914, II, 7; Working-Class, 83. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film urging the public to save money for major purchases. An ironworker learns that by
building up a nest egg in a savings bank, he can eventually buy a comfortable house.

338. RFD GREENWICH VILLAGE (ca. 1969, sound, 11 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Cotton Producers Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Trade association film promoting cotton clothing. Set in Greenwich Village, the film explores
neighborhood haunts and leisure activities, including a hip house party at which cast mem-
bers sport fashionable cotton outfits. The result is a humorous vision of affluent Bohemian
life. NOTE: RFD stands for “rural free delivery” and is a playful allusion to the neighborhood’s
relaxed “country” lifestyle. Produced in Eastmancolor. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/RFDGreen1969.

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 The Romance of the Reaper

339. RHAPSODY IN STEEL (1934, sound, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. MUSIC: Edwin E. Ludig. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; advertisement, Wash Post, Aug. 5, 1934, 5; “Ford Rhapsody,” Pr Ink 168 (Aug. 9, 1934):
53–54; “World’s Fair Reveals New Strengths of Films as Advertising Media,” Sales Mgmt 35 (Aug. 15, 1934):
146–48; “Some Outstanding Industrial Motion Pictures of the Year,” Sales Mgmt 35 (Oct. 10, 1934): 360–61;
EFC (1936), 48. HOLDINGS: LC.
Ford advertising film produced for screening at the 1933–34 Chicago World’s Fair. This mod-
ernist piece shows the manufacture of the V-8 automobile at the Rouge plant in Dearborn,
Michigan. It is accompanied by music rather than narration and ends with an animated
sequence in which Ford parts assemble themselves into a complete car. NOTE: The film’s un-
usual approach was an attempt to engage audiences for whom talking pictures were no longer
a novelty. At the fair, Rhapsody in Steel was said to have been seen by 6,000 people a day
(Sales Mgmt 35, Oct. 10, 1934).

340. RHAPSODY OF STEEL (1959, sound, 23 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: U.S. Steel Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: John Sutherland Productions. DIRECTOR: Carl Urbano. ART
DIRECTOR: Eyvind Earle. MUSIC: Dimitri Tiomkin. NARRATOR: Gary Merrill. RESOURCES: Copyright 17Nov59
MP9970; “Pittsburgh Premiere of the United States Steel Technicolor Film Rhapsody of Steel,” Bus Scrn
20, no. 8 (1959): 35–37; Howard Thompson, “High Budget Film on Steel Slated,” NYT, Jan. 9, 1960, 14;
“Rhapsody of Steel,” Bus Scrn 21, no. 3 (1960): 35–38; “PR Films: Soft Sell in the Chemical Industry,”
Chemical & Engineering News, July 11, 1960, 76. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Big-budget film about iron and steel that was produced as part of U.S. Steel’s campaign against
competing steel imports and alternative materials like aluminum. Told with animation and
few words, Rhapsody of Steel presents the panoply of products made from steel, including a
rocket that blasts into space. NOTE: The film had a production budget of $350,000 and was
shown theatrically in Pittsburgh and seven other cities. Dimitri Tiomkin’s score was also made
available by U.S. Steel as a sound recording. Released in Technicolor. Distributed in 35mm
and 16mm.

341. THE ROMANCE OF IRRIGATION (ca. 1917, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Burlington Railway. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; T.T. Maxey,
“The Film and the American Railroad,” Railway Age 63 (Aug. 31, 1917): 380; “American Railroads Perform
Advertising Wonders with Motion Pictures,” Current Opinion 63, no. 5 (Nov. 1917): 319. HOLDINGS: Not
reported.
Film promoting the irrigation of land in regions served by the railway company. The story
tells how a disgruntled schoolteacher from the East learns of federal programs to reclaim arid
lands and moves to an irrigated homestead in Wyoming, where she becomes prosperous and
satisfied with her life.

342. THE ROMANCE OF THE REAPER (1911, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: International Harvester Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“Moving Pictures of Educational Benefit,” Atlan Con, Nov. 7, 1912, A10; “Great Land Show Opens
Saturday,” CT, Nov. 17, 1912, 3; advertisement, CT, Nov. 23, 1912, 4; “More Sales with Business Films,”
Pr Ink Mon 28 (June 1934): 58. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film tracing the invention and development of Cyrus McCormick’s reaper. Produced for
theatrical and educational showings in rural areas, The Romance of the Reaper describes how
the reaper revolutionized agriculture. NOTE: International Harvester reused the title for its first
sound film, made in 1930. For more about the sponsor’s films, see L.A. Hawkins, “59,367,000
See International Harvester Films Since 1911,” Sales Mgmt 47 (Nov. 15, 1940): 58–60.

79
 Round and Round

343. ROUND AND ROUND (1938, sound, 6 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Dept. of Public Relations, General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization.
RESOURCES: Copyright 15Apr39 MU9311; “Better Living,” 131–32, 272. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film explaining the workings of the market economy. Using stop-motion dolls to represent
farmers, workers, and consumers, Round and Round traces the evolution of a widget, from
raw agricultural product to transformation in the factory to purchase by the consumer. The
process shows that all participating economic players are both independent and interdependent.
The film was part of GM’s effort to rekindle faith in the free enterprise system in the late
1930s. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/Roundand1939.

344. SAINT PAUL POLICE DETECTIVES AND THEIR WORK: A COLOR CHARTOON
(ca. 1941, sound, 8 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Saint Paul Police Dept. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Animated short from the progressive police department explaining its organization and activ-
ities. Distinctive for its homespun style, this film calls itself a “chartoon” to draw attention to
its use of animated charts and includes unusual visualizations such as stop-motion animation
of a revolver firing a bullet. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/SaintPau1941.

345. SAN FRANCISCO (1957, sound, 30 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Santa Fe Railway. PRODUCTION CO.: Ernest Kleinberg. PRODUCER: Ernest Kleinberg. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered; “Santa Fe Documentary Visits Fascinating San Francisco,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 1
(1957): 166; EFG (1954–58), 267. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Travelogue presenting San Francisco through the eyes of a Santa Fe Railway tugboat skipper.
As the captain steers his freight across San Francisco Bay, he tells his personal story and describes
the city’s topography, climate, and role as a shipping and industrial center. Business Screen
wrote that the skipper’s story “moves through the city’s fog, up and around its hills, invading
the city’s vivid nationality groups in a way that may surprise even the San Franciscans.”

346. SAN FRANCISCO BAY (1966, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Save San Francisco Bay Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Living World Films. PRODUCERS: Laurel
Reynolds, Mindy Willis. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Conservation film made to discourage landfill and development of the wetlands of San Fran-
cisco Bay. The film shows the bay’s important role in recreation and commerce, its complex
ecology, and the threat posed to its health by pollution and real estate development. NOTE:
Founded in 1961, the Save San Francisco Bay Association is now known as Save the Bay.

347. SCHOOL (1939, sound, 25 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Progressive Education Association; American Film Center. PRODUCTION CO.: Lee Dick Inc. DIRECTOR:
Lee Dick. WRITERS/CAMERA: Edward Anhalt, Rudolph Bretz. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living Films,
50. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Portrait of a typical day at the progressive Hessian Hills School in Croton-on-Hudson, New
York, with narration by the students. The documentary includes scenes of the children study-
ing and participating in projects.

348. SEARCH INTO DARKNESS (1962, sound, 18 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Schlumberger Ltd. PRODUCTION CO.: Willard Van Dyke Productions. DIRECTORS: William Jersey,
Willard Van Dyke. PRODUCER: Willard Van Dyke. MUSIC: Lukas Foss. NARRATOR: Tom McGrath. RESOURCES:

80
 Seed for Tomorrow

Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “The 16mm Circuit,” NYT, Apr. 15, 1962, X9; “John de Menil
Is a Trustee of Museum of Modern Art,” NYT, July 1, 1962, 45. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Modernist documentary presenting the capabilities of the oil field services company. Howard
Thompson wrote that the film demonstrates “man’s quest for oil as a fusion of hands, minds,
and scientific data.” He further praised the film as “proof, if any be needed, that producer
(and director) Van Dyke is the American documentary.” NOTE: Max Ernst was commissioned
to create the paintings shown in the film. John de Menil, chairman of Schlumberger, collected
modern art.

349. THE SEARCHING EYE (1964, sound, 22 min, color, 35mm and 70mm)
SPONSOR: Eastman Kodak Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Saul Bass & Associates. DIRECTORS: Saul Bass, Elaine Bass.
MUSIC: Elmer Bernstein. NARRATOR: Gary Merrill. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Bosley Crowther,
“Moving Forward,” NYT, May 10, 1964, X1; Irving Desfor, “There Are Wonders in Everyday Things,” CSM,
June 9, 1964, 17; Bosley Crowther, “Once More to the Fair,” NYT, Sept. 5, 1965, X1. HOLDINGS: GEH.
Meditation on human sight that was shown at the 1964–65 New York World’s Fair. The
Searching Eye portrays the world through the eyes of a ten-year-old boy. Bosley Crowther
called it a “beautiful demonstration, on a three-panel flexible screen, of the multitude of sen-
sations and meanings that may be taken in by the human eye, which is the window of the
brain” (NYT, Sept. 5, 1965). NOTE: This pioneering movie appears to use three screens, an
effect produced by projecting a 35mm and a 70mm film side by side and subdividing the
latter through split-screen technology. At any one time viewers could see as many as three
images. Sy Wexler helped oversee production.

350. SECONDS FOR SURVIVAL (1960, sound, 28 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. NARRATOR: Raymond
Massey. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “This Timely Bell System Motion Picture Shows Communica-
tions’ Role in Defense,” Bus Scrn 21, no. 5 (1960): 35–36; EFG (1961), 48. HOLDINGS: AAFF, MacDonald.
Cold War film illustrating the defense capacity of America’s telephone network. Seconds for
Survival shows the role of AT&T, a major military contractor, in the design and construction
of the nation’s integrated defense structure, including the Distant Early Warning Line and the
North American Air Defense Command. In the dramatic ending, rockets and missiles are fired
at hostile forces in a readiness exercise and score a direct hit. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

351. THE SECRET OF SELLING THE NEGRO (1954, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Johnson Publishing Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Sarra Inc. DIRECTOR: Wayne A. Langston. PRODUCERS:
Joseph G. Betzer, Harry W. Lange. WRITER: Helen A. Krupka. ART DIRECTOR: George DeDecker. NARRATOR:
Robert Trout. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Keys to a 15 Billion Dollar Market,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 4
(1954): 34; advertisement, Bus Scrn 15, no. 5 (1954): 31. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film commissioned by the Chicago-based publisher of Negro Digest, Ebony, and Jet to encour-
age advertisers to reach out to African American consumers. The Secret of Selling the Negro
depicts the lives, activities, and consumer behavior of African American professionals, students,
and housewives. A Business Screen reviewer noted that the film focused on the “bright positive”
aspects of the “new Negro family.” NOTE: The sponsor issued a companion booklet offering
the “do’s and don’ts of selling to the Negro.”

352. SEED FOR TOMORROW (1947, sound, 18 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Farmers Union. PRODUCTION CO.: Public Affairs Films. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Julian Roffman.
NARRATOR: Lee Hays. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film showing how the hard work and economic sacrifice of family farmers and ranchers con-
tributes to American life. Seed for Tomorrow argues that education, organization, and political

81
 Seminoles of the Everglades

involvement are necessary to protect rural communities and small farms. NOTE: Narrator Lee
Hays, a member of the Weavers, sings a song over the film’s opening sequence. Viewable on-
line at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/SeedforT1947.

353. SEMINOLES OF THE EVERGLADES (1949, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: P. Lorillard & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Alan Shilin Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
Cecile Starr, “Seminoles of the Everglades,” in Ideas, 210–11. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, UGA.
Documentary using a Native American theme to brand Lorillard tobacco products as authen-
tically American. The film portrays the Seminoles assimilating into American culture as their
Florida wetlands are drained for habitation and agriculture. Cecile Starr wrote, “This film has
almost everything to recommend it…. Neither superficially traveloguish nor over-bearingly
didactic, the film achieves a successful blending of the surface tourist sites and the sociologi-
cal implications behind them.” The film contains brief advertising sequences for Old Gold
cigarettes. NOTE: Seminoles of the Everglades was made with the cooperation of the Office of
Indian Affairs and Everglades National Park. Produced in Kodachrome. For more about films
by Lorillard, see “Documenting Indian Life,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 2 (1952): 34.

354. 17 DAYS: A STORY OF NEWSPAPER HISTORY IN THE MAKING

(1945, sound, 17 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: New York Daily News. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger,
MacDonald.
Promotional film demonstrating the importance of newspapers in everyday life. Sponsored
by New York’s largest-circulation newspaper, 17 Days is set during the citywide strike of
newspaper delivery truck drivers in the summer of 1945. The film shows how the public
literally went the extra mile to get their papers directly from the Daily News. Mayor Fiorello
LaGuardia does his part by reading aloud the Dick Tracy comic strip on the radio. NOTE:
Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/-
17DaysTh1945.

355. SHAKE HANDS WITH DANGER (1975, sound, 23 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Caterpillar Tractor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Centron Productions. DIRECTOR: Harold “Herk” Harvey.
MUSIC: Jim Stringer, John Clifford, Charles Oldfather Jr. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
AAFF, AV Geeks, LC/Prelinger.
Safety film for heavy equipment operators that was commissioned by the construction equip-
ment manufacturer. Reminding workers to follow procedures and stay alert, Shake Hands
with Danger features simulated accidents and a memorable title song. NOTE: “Herk” Harvey
directed the independent horror film Carnival of Souls. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/ShakeHan1970.

356. SIGHTSEEING AT HOME (1943, sound, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR: J.M. Constable.
WRITER: L.R. Algeo. CAMERA: George Hoover. EDITOR: W.H. Tinkham. RESOURCES: Copyright 24Dec42 and
26Dec42 MU13145; EFG (1945), 250; “Better Living,” 272. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC.
Film promoting television at a time when the medium was still in limited use. It shows how
television works and tours GE’s flagship station, WRGB, in Schenectady, New York.

357. SINGING WHEELS (1937, sound, 23 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Motor Truck Committee, Automobile Manufacturers Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture
Productions. DIRECTOR: H.L. Roberts. WRITERS: Morgan Gibney, James Prindle. CAMERA: Orlando Lippert,
George Hoover. MUSIC: Edwin E. Ludig, Maurice H. Stoller. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC
(1940–41), 106; GM Catalog, 33. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

82
 The Sound of a Stone

Celebration of the American trucking industry, with poetic narration and a theme song sung
by a truck driver. The economic and social significance of trucking is suggested through strik-
ing montage sequences and scenes of New York City traffic. NOTE: Distributed in 16mm.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/SingingWheel.

358. 6½ MAGIC HOURS (1956, sound, 12 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Pan American World Airways. PRODUCTION CO.: Kahlenberg. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Advertising film promoting Pan Am’s newly inaugurated jet clipper service to London and
Paris and illustrating its convenience and high-quality in-flight amenities. 6½ Magic Hours
shows behind-the-scenes airline operations, the departure from New York’s Idlewild (now
Kennedy) Airport, passenger service en route, and arrival in Europe. The title refers to the
duration of the flight. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/612Magic1958.

359. SKYSCRAPER (1959, sound, 20 min, b&w/color, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Tishman Realty & Construction Co.; Reynolds Metals Co.; Bethlehem Steel Co.; Westinghouse
Elevator Co.; York Air Conditioning. PRODUCTION CO.: Joseph Burstyn Film Enterprises Inc. DIRECTORS: Shirley
Clarke, Willard Van Dyke. PRODUCERS: Willard Van Dyke, Shirley Clarke, Irving Jacoby. MUSIC: Teo Macero.
RESOURCES: Copyright 18Oct59 LP26637; Ralph Caplan, “Industry on the Screen,” Industrial Design 7 (Apr.
1960): 64; Richard Eder, “4 Shorts at Film Forum a Blend of Charm and Naivete,” NYT, Oct. 17, 1975, 24.
HOLDINGS: LC, UCLA.

Documentary about the construction of the 41-story Tishman Building in Manhattan.

Workmen watch footage of themselves on the job, and the narration is composed of their
comments. Richard Eder wrote, “Change is presented as triumph not loss, and the city is a
place of limitless energies and possibilities.” NOTE: According to Ralph Caplan, Skyscraper
cost $60,000 and with an 18-month production time, took two months longer to finish
than the building did. The film was honored with two first prizes at the 1959 Venice Film
Festival, a Golden Gate Award at the 1959 San Francisco International Film Festival, and a
1959 Academy Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Subject. For more information
on Shirley Clarke, see Lauren Rabinovitz, Points of Resistance: Women, Power & Politics in the
New York Avant-Garde Cinema, 1943–71, 2nd ed. (1991; repr. Urbana, IL: University of
Illinois Press, 2003), 92–149.

360. SLIDERTOWN (ca. 1920, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: National Cash Register Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Rothacker Film Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “Atlanta Children to See Film Story of Slidertown,” Atlan Con, Dec. 19, 1920, 5K; “Will Show Movies
under Federation Auspices,” Atlan Con, Jan. 20, 1921, 6; unsigned review, Ed Scrn 4 (Sept. 1925): 426; Arthur
Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 20 (May 1941): 200. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film profiling the transformation of “Slidertown,” a tenement district of Dayton, Ohio,
into South Park. The film records the contribution of the neighborhood association to the
beautification campaign and shows how residents learned about gardening through visual
education. Before-and-after views demonstrate the makeover. NOTE: Arthur Edwin Krows
referred to the film as How to Beautify Your Community.

361. THE SOUND OF A STONE (1955, sound, 26 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Board of Social and Economic Relations, Methodist Church. PRODUCTION CO.: Centron Corp.
DIRECTOR: Harold “Herk” Harvey. PRODUCERS: Russell A. Mosser, Arthur Wolf. WRITER: Margaret Travis.
CAMERA: Norman Stuewe. EDITOR: Chuck Lacey. CAST: Herk Harvey, Chuck Lacey, Tom McGinnis, Dan
Palmquist. Resources: Copyright 22Feb55 LP6244; EFG (1954–58), 286; Mental Hygiene, 208. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, UKansas.

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 Steel and America

Drama about the damage to a community caused by a witch hunt for communists. A high
school teacher finds himself at the center of controversy after he assigns a book purported to
be communist literature. At a PTA meeting he is called “a man who’s trying to poison the
minds of our children.” The teacher’s star pupil urges his father, who is the chief antagonist,
to read the inflammatory book. Although the father recants his accusations, several weeks later
a stone crashes through the teacher’s window, bearing a threatening message. NOTE: Also
released in black and white.

362. STEEL AND AMERICA (1965, sound, 25 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Iron and Steel Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Walt Disney Productions. DIRECTOR: Les Clark.
NARRATOR: Lawrence Dobkin. Cast: Donald Duck. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; James M. Gavin,
“Donald Duck Gets Role of Fine, Feathered Steelmaker in Film,” CT, Sept. 30, 1965, G8. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC,
LC/Prelinger.
Trade association film promoting the steel industry. Combining animation and live action,
Steel and America traces the history of the industry and follows the manufacturing process
from iron ore to finished product. Donald Duck appears as a steelworker. NOTE: Remade in
1975 as Steel and America: A New Look.

363. STEEL: MAN’S SERVANT (1938, sound, 38 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: United States Steel Corp. of Delaware. PRODUCTION CO.: Roland Reed Productions. DIRECTOR: Roland
Reed. CAMERA: Charles Boyle. MUSIC: Robert Armbruster. NARRATOR: Edwin C. Hill. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Technicolor Tells the Story of Steel,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 1 (1938): 20–21; “Close-ups and Long
Shots,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 2 (1938): 6; “Steel Stars in Two Movies Aided by Music and Color,” CSM, Apr. 26,
1938, 3; “On the Business Horizon,” Barron’s, July 25, 1938, 5; “Camera! Action! Sales!,” Bus Wk, May 27,
1939, 37–47; EFC (1939), 204; “Over 13 Million View U.S. Steel Films,” Bus Scrn 21, no. 3 (1960): 22; Corporate
Soul, 227; “Better Living,” 137–38. HOLDINGS: Orgone.
Highly praised industrial film showing the production of steel. Steel: Man’s Servant was shot
in U.S. Steel mines and mills in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania and
was considered by documentarian Pare Lorentz “the most beautiful color picture ever made”
(Bus Scrn 1, no. 2). NOTE: Produced in 35mm three-strip Technicolor at a cost of $250,000.
Steel: Man’s Servant was shot in ten weeks and became the company’s major informational
film, replacing the six-reel Story of Steel (1926). Steel: Man’s Servant was distributed in many
versions: a 16mm Kodachrome version; a theatrical short called Men Make Steel (10 minutes);
a black-and-white version for industry viewers (80 minutes); and two other black-and-white
versions (66 and 38 minutes). All told, it was reported to have been shown to nearly 10 million
viewers during two decades of distribution (Bus Scrn 21, no. 3). Roland Reed Productions
was the industrial film branch of the Hollywood studio Selznick International Pictures.

364. THE STENOGRAPHER’S FRIEND: OR, WHAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED

BY AN EDISON BUSINESS PHONOGRAPH (1910, silent, 8 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Edison Manufacturing Co. CAST: John Cumpson. RESOURCES: Copyrights 29Sept1910
J146440–43; More Treasures, 18–21. HOLDINGS: LC.
Advertising film promoting Edison’s wax-cylinder dictating machine. In the story the exasper-
ated female stenographer works long hours at dictation until an Edison business phonograph
arrives in the office. The Stenographer’s Friend includes a sequence demonstrating how to
use the new device.

365. STEPPING ALONG WITH TELEVISION (1949, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Long Lines Information Dept., American Telephone & Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Caravel
Films. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Networks Linked by AT&T Cable,” Bus Scrn 10, no. 1 (1949):

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 The Story of Menstruation

31; “Free General-Interest Movies from Bell,” Mod Ind 17 (Mar. 15, 1949): 98; “Teacher-Committee
Evaluation of New Films,” Ed Scrn 28 (Dec. 1949): 450; EFG (1951), 442. HOLDINGS: AAFF, MacDonald.
Film showing the role of AT&T in facilitating network television transmission in the years
before communications satellites. The live television broadcast of Tchaikovsky’s Sleeping
Beauty ballet is sent from New York City to Wisconsin via AT&T’s coaxial cable and
microwave relay system. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. According to a report in Business
Screen, excerpts from Stepping Along with Television were included in the first program
sent by AT&T’s relay system in 1949.

366. THE STEPS OF AGE (1950, sound, 24 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: National Association of Mental Health; State of South Carolina; Mental Health Film Board.
PRODUCTION CO.: Film Documents. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Ben Maddow. PRODUCER: Helen Levitt. CAMERA: George
Jacobson. EDITOR: Sidney Meyers. CAST: Rose Spencer, Harvard Sylvia, Emma Agee, Manny Kirschner.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1953), 291. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger.

Training film for mental health workers that explores the strain of retirement and old age.
When a 62-year-old woman is forced to retire, both she and her family find it difficult to
cope with the change. The film argues that it’s best to accept old age and learn to adjust.
NOTE: Helen Levitt became a cameraperson on The Savage Eye and a television writer.

367. [STOCKYARDS SERIES] (1901; silent; approx 60 films, length unknown; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR: Armour & Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Selig Polyscope Co. RESOURCES: Emergence, 291; More Treasures,
118. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film series shot for the meatpacking company at its Union Stock Yards in Chicago. Among
the titles are Entrance to Union Stock Yards, Koshering Cattle, and Cutting Beef. The films were
distributed individually and in sets. NOTE: For a list of the titles in the series, see the index
volume, AFI 1893–1910, 152. After the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle in 1906,
Armour & Co. paid for the films’ rerelease in an effort to improve the industry’s image.

368. THE STORY OF BUBBLE GUM (1955, sound, 19 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Frank H. Fleer Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Louis W. Kellman Productions. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS: Wilbur
Stark, Jack McGowan. CAST: Kathi Norris. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: Secret Cinema.
Promotional film by the first bubble gum manufacturer and maker of Dubble Bubble. Tele-
vision talk show hostess Kathi Norris receives a viewer’s letter asking about bubble gum. The
inquiry is answered through a tour of the Fleer plant in Philadelphia, where the manufactur-
ing and packaging processes are shown. In one section, test bubbles are measured by giant
calipers. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome.

369. THE STORY OF MENSTRUATION (1946, sound, 10 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: International Cellucotton Products Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Walt Disney Productions. RESOURCES:
Copyright 1Nov46 MP1355; A. Bertrand Channon, “Classroom Films,” Sat Rev, Sept. 11, 1948, 46; Leah L.
Anderson, “The Subject Was Most Delicate, but Careful Planning Produced Good P.R. Film,” Pr Ink 230
(Mar. 3, 1950): 35–37; Joan Jacobs Brumberg, The Body Project: An Intimate History of American Girls
(New York: Random House, 1998), 47; Mental Hygiene, 209. HOLDINGS: LC.
Film for young women sponsored by the manufacturer of Kotex feminine napkins. The film
encourages proper hygiene and a healthy attitude and explains menstruation through animated
drawings. Disney tested the storyboard in several regions and had the animators generalize
the anatomical features. The only advertising is a picture of a Kotex box. NOTE: Released in
Anscocolor. According to Joan Jacobs Brumberg, approximately 93 million American women,
mostly teenagers, viewed The Story of Menstruation. The booklet Very Personally Yours was
often distributed after school screenings.

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 The Story of Television

370. THE STORY OF TELEVISION (1956, sound, 27 min, b&w/color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Radio Corp. of America. PRODUCTION CO.: William J. Ganz Co. RESOURCES: Copyright 20Jun56
MP7482; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers to the Nontheatrical Film Field,” NYT, Mar. 3, 1957, 113.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

History of television as told by the pioneering broadcasting company. The Story of Television
illustrates various television firsts, such as the first successful picture tube and the first experi-
mental station. RCA chairman David Sarnoff describes the company’s early research. The
polished film uses animation to explain how visual information is encoded and concludes
with a color sequence introducing RCA’s new color television equipment. Howard Thompson
called The Story of Television “a real surprise and a treat.” NOTE: Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/StoryofT1956. Also released in a 15-minute version.

371. STRIKING TIRES (1920, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: B.F. Goodrich Rubber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Bosworth, DeFrenes, and Felton. ANIMATOR: Paul M.
Felton. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Some Recent Industrial Films,” Ed Scrn 3 (Sept. 1924): 279–80;
John E. Webber, “Among the Producers: Industrial Films as Publicity, Advertising and Educational Mediums,”
Ed Scrn 4 (June 1925): 380, 383. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Animated commercial for the tire manufacturer in which worn-out automobile tires go on
strike against careless owners and demand a “square deal.” NOTE: The cartoon was rented to
Goodrich dealers, who arranged for local theatrical screenings. John Webber reported that an
estimated 6 million people saw Striking Tires in its first four years of release. For more about
Bosworth, DeFrenes, and Felton, see Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for
Theaters,” Ed Scrn 19 (June 1940): 235–36.

372. A STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL INEQUITIES IN SOUTH CAROLINA

(ca. 1936, silent, 37 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSORS: Harmon Foundation; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. PRODUCTION
CO.: Harmon Foundation. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: NARA.

Documentary about the discrepancies between black and white public schools in South
Carolina. Using charts and footage, A Study of Educational Inequities in South Carolina
provides an overview of the segregated school system from 1920 to 1933 and describes
the differences in treatment. In contrast, Clinton Normal and Industrial College and the
Friendship Baptist College, both founded by African American church groups, are presented
as successful models. NOTE: NARA also holds outtakes.

373. A STUDY OF NEGRO ARTISTS (1935, silent, 4 reels, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Div. of Visual Experiment, Harmon Foundation. DIRECTORS/WRITERS: Evelyn S.
Brown, Jules V.D. Bucher. CAMERA/EDITOR: Jules V.D. Bucher. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living
Films, 51; Negro Year, 455. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA.
Review of the artistic achievements of African Americans. Among the artists profiled are
Aaron Douglas, Richmond Barthe, James Allen, and Georgette Seabrook. Also spotlighted
is an exhibition of African American art at the Whitney Museum of American Art. NOTE:
NARA also holds outtakes.

374. SUBJECT: NARCOTICS (1951, sound, 21 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Anti-Narcotic League of America. PRODUCERS/DIRECTORS: Denis Sanders, Terry Sanders. WRITERS:
Denis Sanders, Terry Sanders, Jay Sandrich. NARRATORS: Frank Wolff, Bernard Kortick. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; EFG (1953), 540; Mental Hygiene, 210. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Training film for law enforcement personnel that outlines the effective handling of drug users.
Shot in downtown Los Angeles, Subject: Narcotics sets scenes in shooting galleries and shows
addicts in withdrawal. NOTE: Technical advice was provided by the narcotics unit of the Los

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 Target USA

Angeles County Sheriff ’s Department. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-

details/SubjectN1951. Denis and Terry Sanders later made the Oscar-winning short A Time
Out of War.

375. SYMPHONY IN F (1940, sound, 16 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Ford Motor Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. MUSIC: Edwin E. Ludig. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Camera-Eye: Producing Symphony in F,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 6 (1940): 7; “Ford Technicolor
Film Shows New Techniques,” Bus Scrn 2, no. 8 (1940): 14; EFC (1940–41), 106; “Better Living,” 127–29, 273.
HOLDINGS: NARA.

Film inspired by Ford’s “Cycle of Production” exhibit at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair.
“From the earth come materials to be transformed by Ford men, management, and machines,”
begins the narrator as animated purchase orders stream from the corporate headquarters.
Puppets transport raw materials to Ford’s Rouge plant, where the fantasy switches to live
action. The company’s 28-millionth car is built to Edwin Ludig’s Symphony in F, with “F”
standing for Ford. NOTE: Released in Technicolor. Also distributed in 16mm. For more infor-
mation on the Cycle of Production exhibit, see Corporate Soul, 298–301.

376. TABLE MANNERS (1947, sound, 10 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Emily Post Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Christy Associates Inc. CAST: Emily Post. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; EFG (1953), 430. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film made for women’s groups and home economics classes. In Table Manners, etiquette
columnist Emily Post, seated in the garden of her Edgartown, Massachusetts, home, gives
advice on proper dining behavior. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/TableMan1947.

377. A TALE OF ONE CITY (1915, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chicago Plan Commission. PRODUCTION CO.: Educational Films Association. DIRECTOR: G.L. Warson.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “‘Chicago Plan’ to Be Exhibited in World Movies,” CT, Mar. 21, 1915,
11; “City Planning Propaganda Films,” CSM, Mar. 29, 1915, 16; “Chicago’s Story in the Pictures Draws
Applause,” CT, Mar. 30, 1915, 13; “Explaining City Planning Through the Movies,” Am City 35 (July 1926):
39; Lloyd Lewis and Henry Justin Smith, Chicago: The History of Its Reputation (New York: Harcourt,
Brace, 1929), 317. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film made to garner support for Daniel Burnham’s Plan of Chicago, the first comprehensive
development plan for an American city. A Tale of One City traces Chicago’s history, illustrates
the overcrowding problem, and then visualizes the solutions proposed by the new plan, in-
cluding greater public access to parks, lakefront redevelopment, and controlled growth. NOTE:
The plan, by Burnham and Edward H. Bennett, was published in 1909 by the Commercial
Club. A Tale of One City premiered at Chicago’s Majestic Theater and was then shown in
vaudeville houses and movie theaters, eventually reaching 150,000 Chicagoans. The Christian
Science Monitor opined that the film probably influenced a segment of the public that the print
media had not been able to reach.

378. TARGET USA (1951, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Red Cross. PRODUCTION CO.: Cornell Films Co. PRODUCER: Milton J. Salzburg. DIRECTOR/-
WRITER: Herman Boxer. NARRATOR: Harry Marble. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Civil Defense Film,”
Safety Maintenance and Production 102 (Sept. 1951): 35; Warren Cheney, “New Civil Defense Films,” Am
City 67 (Jan. 1952): 124. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Civil defense film providing evacuation tips for the home and the workplace in case of
atomic attack. Shot in New York City, Target USA includes evocative scenes of empty city
streets and people fleeing into shelters. NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Also distributed
in black and white.

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 Technicolor for Industrial Films

379. TECHNICOLOR FOR INDUSTRIAL FILMS (ca. 1949, sound, 8 min, color, 35mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Technicolor Corp. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film introducing Technicolor services to the industrial film sector. The narrator explains
that although the company is known largely through its consulting, cinematography, and
laboratory work with Hollywood, it provides the same technical support to industrial clients.
Outdoor and indoor scenes, industrial processes, and product shots are all shown in Techni-
color. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/Technico1949.

380. TEEN TOGS (1943, sound, 19 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Rich’s Department Store Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Georgia Agricultural Extension Service. DIRECTOR:
J. Aubrey Smith. MUSIC: Edward Craig. NARRATOR: Adelaide Hawley Cumming. CAST: Barbara Daniell, Elizabeth
Anderson. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1948), 419; Joan Jacobs Brumberg, “Defining the
Profession and the Good Life: Home Economics on Film,” in Rethinking Home Economics: Women and the
History of a Profession, eds. Sarah Stage and Virginia B. Vincenti (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press,
1997), 192–93; Mental Hygiene, 213. HOLDINGS: NARA, UGA.
Narrative encouraging farm women to overcome wartime clothing shortages by making their
own clothes. In the story an impoverished farm girl is too embarrassed by her shabby clothes
to visit her sister at college. Taking up sewing, she assembles a snappy wardrobe, visits her
sister, and attends a tea party at the governor’s mansion. The narration is in rhyme: “Any girl
that can plan and sew for herself / Won’t be found staying at home on the shelf.” NOTE: Pro-
duced in Kodachrome. Also distributed in an 11-minute version.

381. TELEGRAM FOR AMERICA (1952, sound, 22 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Western Union Telegraph Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Transfilm Inc. DIRECTOR: Marvin Rothenberg.
PRODUCER: Walter Lowendahl. WRITERS: Joseph Forest, Burton Rowles Jr. CAMERA: Zoli Vidor. EDITOR: Ralph
Rosenblum. ANIMATION: Jack Zander. NARRATOR: Ralph Paul. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Western
Union Reports to America,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 4 (1952): 31. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, SI/NMAH.
Film promoting the telegram at a time when its use was on the decline. Telegram for America
shows the role of the telegram in America’s history, reviews Western Union’s services, and
illustrates the company’s modern facilities, including a microwave tower. Among recent inno-
vations highlighted are facsimile transmission, Telecar service (in which messengers print out
telegrams while traveling in Western Union’s radio-equipped automobiles), and a service that
allows direct payment by pay phone. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Inter-
net Archive, www.archive.org/details/Telegram1956.

382. TELEVISION: AN RCA PRESENTATION (1939, sound, 9 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Radio Corp. of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. PRODUCERS: Frederic Ullman Jr.; Frank Donovan.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film promoting television sets and the broadcast of New York’s first regularly scheduled pro-
grams. The short shows RCA’s production studios in Rockefeller Center, television demon-
strations at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair, RCA’s Empire State Building transmitter,
and remote mobile broadcast units. NOTE: Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/RCAPrese1939.

383. THE THINGS PEOPLE WANT (1948, sound, 20 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Chevrolet Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. CAST: John Forsythe.
RESOURCES: Copyright 25Mar48 MU2909; “ The Things People Want,” Bus Scrn 9, no. 6 (1948): 32. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UGA.
Film describing effective selling techniques and the importance of understanding the cus-

88
 This Is Your Police Department

tomer. This unusual training film made for Chevrolet salesmen includes atmospheric, moody
music and scenes in which the protagonist encounters his double. NOTE: The Things People
Want was revised several times. Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/ThingsPe1948.

384. THIS AMAZING AMERICA (1941, sound, 20 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Greyhound Lines. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; EFC (1940–41), 174; Ellis Haller, “One Line’s Plan: Show America to Foreigners and Boost Long
Hauls,” WSJ, Jan. 26, 1944, 1; advertisement, Bus Scrn 7, no. 5 (1946): 10. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
The first of Greyhound’s highly successful bus travelogues. In the narrative a history profes-
sor beats out a Southern woman in a radio quiz show, but both win cross-country bus tickets.
Aboard the Greyhound, the professor teaches the woman about America and they fall in love.
The tour ends at Niagara Falls. Educational Film Catalog noted that “the advertising is so
much a part of the story that it is almost unnoticeable.” NOTE: In the early 1940s the United
States Office of Inter-American Affairs showed This Amazing America to 9 million South
Americans. It was later translated by the State Department and shown to civilian audiences
in Mexico, Europe, Russia, and Asia. The quiz show was modeled after an actual Greyhound-
sponsored program.

385. THIS IS HORMEL (ca. 1964, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Hormel Co. DIRECTOR: F.R. Furtney. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Introduction to Hormel meat products that was apparently made by an in-house film unit.
This Is Hormel tours the company’s operation in Austin, Minnesota, presenting such products
as frankfurters, pigs’ feet, Spam, and Dinty Moore stew. NOTE: Produced in Ektachrome.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/this_is_hormel.

386. THIS IS LIFE (1950, sound, 29 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: American Meat Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Raphael G. Wolff Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not reg-
istered; “This Is Life : The American Meat Institute Tells Story of ‘Meat Team,’” Bus Scrn 12, no. 3 (1951):
32–33. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Film sponsored by the trade association to show how livestock and poultry are raised on
farms and ranches and brought to the American dinner table. The film portrays mealtimes
across the country and emphasizes the importance of meat protein for human growth.
NOTE: Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/this_is_life.

387. THIS IS OUR CITY (1952, sound, length unknown, color, 16mm)
SPONSORS: Citizens’ Development Committee; Cincinnati Junior Chamber of Commerce. PRODUCTION CO.:
Bert Johnston Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Cincinnati Citizen’s Group Sponsors
Civic Promotion Film,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 5 (1952): 56; “Cincinnati Gets Movie on Civic Problems,” Am City 67
(Oct. 1952): 140. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film encouraging citizens to work together to solve Cincinnati’s problems. This Is Our City
shows a range of troubling infrastructure issues, from traffic to slums, and draws attention
to the efficiency of providing some services on a regional rather than local basis. NOTE: The
Cincinnati Jaycees trained speakers to discuss the film at school screenings.

388. THIS IS YOUR POLICE DEPARTMENT (1951, sound, 23 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Field Day Committee, Detroit Police Dept. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES:
Copyright 19Sep51 MU5344. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

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 Three Women

Public relations film showing the work of police officers. The first part documents the annual
Detroit Police Field Day, a parade, and the exhibition of police skills; the second part illustrates
cadet training and officers walking the beat, handling a robbery, and intervening in a domestic
dispute. NOTE: Released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/ThisIsYo1951.

389. THREE WOMEN (1935, sound, 5 reels, b&w/color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Sound Pictures Inc. CAST: Johnny Mack Brown, Hedda
Hopper, Bert Roach, Sheila Manners. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Movie Merchandising,” Bus
Wk, June 15, 1935, 18–19; “Leading Sales Films of 1934–35 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 37
(Oct. 10, 1935): 391. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
GE advertisement for electric kitchen appliances that is packaged as a feature-length love
story. NOTE: Three Women is said to have been the first commercially sponsored film to use
three-strip Technicolor; the single Technicolor reel shows food preparation. The film was
reportedly seen by 20 million people.

390. THRILLS FOR YOU (1939, sound, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Pennsylvania Railroad. PRODUCTION CO.: Loucks & Norling Studios. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Leading Sales Films of 1939–40 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 47 (Oct. 10, 1940): 70.
HOLDINGS: LC.

Promotional 3-D film about railroads made for exhibition at the 1939–40 San Francisco
World’s Fair. Thrills for You takes the viewer on a ride in the engineer’s cab and the passenger
car and shows the maintenance of giant locomotives at Pennsylvania Railroad’s Altoona
Works. NOTE: Thrills for You was seen by 175,000 fair goers over a five-month period.

391. A TIME FOR BURNING (1966, sound, 58 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Lutheran Film Associates. PRODUCTION CO.: Quest Productions. DIRECTORS/PRODUCERS/EDITORS:
William C. Jersey, Barbara Connell. MUSIC: Tom Paxton, Ronnie Gilbert. RESOURCES: Copyright 17Oct66
MP18678; Edward B. Fiske, “Racial Dispute Relived on Film,” NYT, Sept. 17, 1966, 26; Jack Gould, “TV:
Segregation at Communion Rail,” NYT, Oct. 18, 1966, 91; Jack Gould, “The High Price of Serenity on
Sunday,” NYT, Oct. 30, 1966, D22; Louise Sweeney, “A Time for Burning,” CSM, Feb. 10, 1967, 6. HOLDINGS:
AAFF, LC, MacDonald.
Cinema verité documentary on race relations. A young minister of a white Lutheran congre-
gation in Omaha, Nebraska, tries to reach out to African Americans but is opposed by his
church elders and is forced to resign. NOTE: Received an Academy Award nomination for Best
Feature Documentary in 1967. Selected for the National Film Registry.

392. TIME IS LIFE (1946, sound, 14 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: American Cancer Society. PRODUCTION CO.: International Film Foundation. DIRECTOR: Francis
Thompson. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1948), 350. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Expressionistic drama produced to support the American Cancer Society and to encourage
people to seek early treatment for cancer. A woman is so frightened by possible cancer symp-
toms that she loses her ability to cope with life. Fortunately, she receives help from the ACS,
has a biopsy, and undergoes a successful cancer operation. Deciding to help others, the
woman then joins the society’s “Field Army” of volunteers. NOTE: Also released in 16mm.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/time_is_life.

393. TIME-LAPSE PHOTOGRAPHY (1951, sound, 19 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: John Ott Pictures. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: John Nash Ott Jr. RESOURCES: Copyright not

90
 To Each Other

registered; Rita Fitzpatrick, “Banker Tricks Nature to Make Flowers Dance,” CT, Feb. 9, 1947, 26; EFG (1953),
781; Edward McGrain, “He Unveils Nature’s Secrets,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 5 (1954): 42; Charles Collins and
John Ott, “His Magic Camera Makes Time Fly,” CT, Jan. 29, 1956, D20. HOLDINGS: AFANA, MacDonald.
Promotional film showing time-lapse expert John Ott at work in his specially designed studio
in Winnetka, Illinois. The filmmaker explains how time-lapse films are made and presents
his work recording flowers, Chicago River boat traffic, and an airplane landing. NOTE: While
Ott worked largely on his own, he did have corporate clients such as Walt Disney Productions.
Ott wrote about his work in My Ivory Cellar: The Story of Time-Lapse Photography (Chicago:
Twentieth Century Press, 1958).

394. TIME OUT FOR TROUBLE (1961, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Mental Hygiene Div., Oklahoma State Dept. of Health. PRODUCTION CO.: University of Oklahoma.
Director/Producer: David S. Glidden. WRITER: Dwight V. Swain. MUSIC: Baird Jones. NARRATOR: Alice Spann.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Mental health film made to help people handle emotional stress. In the story an accident-
prone housewife has nightmares in which her grandfather clock plots to cause her mishaps.
When she learns that emotional stress can lead to unsafe behavior, she finds ways to manage
her feelings and the nightmares disappear. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/time_out_for_trouble.

395. TO BE ALIVE! (1964, sound, 18 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: S.C. Johnson & Son. PRODUCTION CO.: Francis Thompson Productions. DIRECTORS: Francis Thompson,
Alexander Hammid. WRITERS: Francis Thompson, Edward Field. MUSIC: Gene Forrell. RESOURCES: Copyright
24Aug64 MU7492; Bosley Crowther, “Moving Forward,” NYT, May 10, 1964, X1; Philip K. Scheuer, “Half-
Film, Half-Live Illusion Is All Rage,” LAT, July 3, 1964, D4; Robert Alden, “Fair Negotiating to Make ’65 Film,”
NYT, Aug. 17, 1964, 22; Alastair Reid, To Be Alive! From the Film Produced by Francis Thompson, Inc. for
Johnson Wax (New York: Macmillan, 1966). HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Film made by the home cleaning products manufacturer for screening at the 1964–65 New
York World’s Fair. To Be Alive! shows the marvels of everyday life, reminding viewers that
people everywhere “need never lose [their] sense of wonder and joy.” It was filmed in New
York, Arizona, Nigeria, and Italy. NOTE: Shot simultaneously by three cameras, this “triptych”
film was shown on three adjacent 18-foot screens and featured a multitude of images. The
original version ran 40 minutes but was cut to 18 minutes for the fair screening. Robert Alden
reported that it was seen by more than 5 million visitors and proved to be one of the fair’s
most popular attractions. To Be Alive! won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short
Subject in 1965 and was later shown in the United Nations Pavilion at the 1967 Montreal
World’s Fair.

396. TO EACH OTHER (1943, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: U.S. Steel Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. CAST: Walter Brennan. RESOURCES:
Copyrights 2Sep43 MU13900 and 25Oct43 MU14069; “U.S. Steel Shows Film,” NYT, June 17, 1943, 19;
“Better Living,” 147–48, 273. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film urging retired workers to rejoin the industrial workforce during World War II. In the
narrative an elderly steel man sits on a hillside overlooking U.S. Steel’s Homestead works in
Pennsylvania, reading a letter from his son overseas. Responding in voice-over, the father
talks about his return to work to support the war effort. His monologue is accompanied
by images of wartime factory production and innovation. NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm
and in a 10-minute version. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/ToEachOther.

91
 To Fly!

397. TO FLY! (1976, sound, 27 min, color, 70mm)

SPONSOR: Conoco Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Francis Thompson Inc. for MacGillivray Freeman Films. DIRECTORS/-
PRODUCERS: Jim Freeman, Greg MacGillivray. WRITERS: Jim Freeman, Greg MacGillivray, Tom McGrath,
Francis Thompson, Robert M. Young, Arthur Zegart. CAMERA: Brad Ohlund. MUSIC: Bernardo Segall. EDITOR:
Alexander Hammid. RESOURCES: Copyright 1Oct76 MP30984; John Russell, “Film: To Fly, Irresistible Fantasy,”
NYT, May 8, 1980, C22; Michael Kernan, “Flight of the Filmgoer,” Wash Post, July 1, 1980, A1. HOLDINGS: LC.
History of human flight commissioned by the oil company. Beginning with early lighter-
than-air balloons and ending with the space age, the spectacular survey parallels the evolution
of aviation with America’s westward expansion and urbanization. NOTE: To Fly! premiered at
the opening of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Air and Space Museum and was later
shown in IMAX theaters. Selected for the National Film Registry.

398. TO MARKET, TO MARKET (1942, sound, 25 min, b&w/color, 35mm/16mm)

SPONSOR: General Outdoor Advertising Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright
1Jun42 MU12530. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film sponsored by the major billboard and poster company to convince ad buyers of the value
of outdoor advertising. The film demonstrates how surveys and statistics are used to figure
out the most advantageous locations for “poster panels.” The finale is an unusual color mon-
tage of Chicago street scenes showing the content of billboards, their strategic placement, and
their impact on viewers. The narrator describes how advertisements placed near schools can
influence children, an important target market. NOTE: The black-and-white sequence was shot
in 35mm, but all prints were distributed in 16mm. The final Kodachrome sequence was spliced
into each print. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/ToMarket1942.

399. TO NEW HORIZONS (1940, sound, 23 min, b&w/color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 29Jul40
MP10402; “Sloan Points Way to New Horizons,” NYT, Apr. 20, 1939, 1; EFC (1940–41), 101; GM Catalog, 35.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.

Film produced in conjunction with the General Motors exhibit at the 1939–40 New York
World’s Fair. Part of an advertising campaign painting GM as a forward-thinking innovator,
the film begins with a prologue interweaving corporate philosophy with notions of Manifest
Destiny, freedom of the road, and a corporate-created utopian society. The last reel, shot in
Technicolor, shows “Futurama,” an elaborate moving diorama designed by Norman Bel Geddes
envisioning the “World of 1960” through thousands of miniature buildings, trees, and auto-
mobiles. In a tour de force, the film moves from the “Futurama” model to a life-size rendering
of the same street scene and then ends with a montage of neon celebrating industrial progress.
NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/ToNewHor1940. For a detailed description of “Futurama,” see Norman Bel Geddes,
Magic Motorways (New York: Random House, 1940). For more information on the GM
exhibit, see Waldemar Kaempffert, “Science in the News,” NYT, Sept. 10, 1939, D8.

400. TO THE FAIR (1964, sound, 26 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York World’s Fair 1964–65 Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Francis Thompson Inc. DIRECTORS: Alexander
Hammid, Wheaton Galentine. PRODUCER: Francis Thompson. MUSIC: Gene Forrell. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; Bosley Crowther, “The Screen: To The Fair,” NYT, Feb. 13, 1965, 10. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger,
MacDonald, SI/NMAH.
Promotional film for the 1964–65 New York World’s Fair. To the Fair begins with a montage
of visitors traveling to the exposition from around the globe (including one family in an am-
phibious Amphicar) and follows their adventures. The emphasis is more on the fair’s architec-
ture and ambience than on its visitors. NOTE: Produced in Technicolor and also released in
16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/ToTheFairA.

92
 Trees and Men

401. TODAY’S NEWS, TOMORROW’S MEN (1946, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Knoxville News Sentinel. PRODUCTION CO.: Sam Orleans and Associates. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered. HOLDINGS: ETSU.
Training film for Knoxville News Sentinel paperboys that features hometown actors and loca-
tion shooting in Knoxville, Tennessee. The story follows an energetic youngster as he builds a
successful paper route as an independent contractor participating in the newspaper’s “Little
Merchant Plan.” Paper routes, the film argues, give boys practical business experience.

402. TOMORROW’S DRIVERS (1954, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Chevrolet Div., General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. NARRATOR: James
Stewart. RESOURCES: Copyright 16Apr54 MU5693; Mental Hygiene, 215. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Documentary showing a Phoenix, Arizona, elementary school’s driver education program, in
which children learn to drive pedal cars in a realistic scale-model city. In this Chevrolet film,
shot on location at Garfield Elementary School, school authorities and police officers join
forces in monitoring students’ driving behavior and penalizing and rehabilitating poor driv-
ers. This humorous movie proposes driving as a paradigm for citizenship. NOTE: Tomorrow’s
Drivers was part of Chevrolet’s Direct Selling series and released primarily in 16mm. Viewable
online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Tomorrow1954. For more about Phoenix’s
innovative approaches to driver safety, see Dan Fowler, “How to Tame Teenagers,” Look 17
(Aug. 25, 1953): 78.

403. TORNADO (1956, sound, 15 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: United Gas Corp.; Texas Eastern Transmission Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Calvin Co. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Timely Award to Tornado Film as Spring Storms Highlight News,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 2
(1957): 77. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Public service film showing how farm families can protect their communities by reporting
approaching storms. In this dramatized documentary a farm family spots a tornado and
makes a report to the local warning network, part of the front line of defense of the United
States Weather Bureau’s Tornado Forecast and Warning Service. NOTE: Some 255 prints of
this film were distributed through the U.S. Weather Bureau and state film libraries in the
tornado belt. Tornado was seen by an estimated 42 million viewers in the first year of release
and is said to have spurred 240 communities to establish local tornado warning networks.

404. TREASURE IN A GARBAGE CAN (1953, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: City of Los Angeles. PRODUCTION CO.: Motion Picture Div., Dept. of Theatre Arts, University of
California, Los Angeles. DIRECTORS/WRITERS/CAMERA: Richard Hardman, Walter Perkins. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; Howard Thompson, “Recent Arrivals on the 16mm Movie Scene,” NYT, Nov. 22, 1953,
X5; EFG (1954–58), 319. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Documentary showcasing Los Angeles’s mechanized waste disposal and recycling programs.
The film shows how garbage is fed to pigs, how glass and metal are separated for recycling,
and how discarded toys are repaired and sent to toy-lending centers.

405. TREES AND MEN (1938, sound, 44 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Weyerhaeuser Timber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Dowling and Brownell. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; “Reaching the Consumer with Films,” Pr Ink Mon 37 (July 1938): 21–22; “Cases in Public Relations,”
Bus Scrn 1, no. 5 (1938): 13; EFC (1939), 208. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, Weyerhaeuser.
Sponsored history of the U.S. lumber business. Linking the growth of the timber industry to
Manifest Destiny, Trees and Men recalls America’s expansion to the Pacific Northwest in the
19th century and shows how sound forestry practices have made timber a sustainable crop.
NOTE: The film premiered in the lumber town of Lakewood, Washington, and was shown to
fraternal groups. In the first three months of release it reportedly reached more than 100,000

93
 Tribune-American Dream Picture

viewers. It was also released in 16mm and in a 10-minute version called Timber as a Crop.
Weyerhaeuser also sponsored a sequel, Trees and Homes.

406. TRIBUNE-AMERICAN DREAM PICTURE (1920s, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Oakland Tribune; American Theatre. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film cosponsored by an Oakland, California, newspaper and theater and inspired by dream
scenarios submitted by the public. In this episode, the winning entry involves a couple losing
their baby on a ferry ride across San Francisco Bay. NOTE: The film appears to be part of a
series. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/TribuneA1924.

407. TRISONIC DESIGN (1950s, sound, 16 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: North American Aviation. PRODUCER: Harrison A. Storms Jr. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered. HOLDINGS: SI/NASM.
Cartoon sponsored by the military aircraft manufacturer to explain the challenges of tran-
sonic and supersonic flight. The film begins with a brief history of the company’s P-51, F-86,
and F-100 aircraft and then introduces the animated engineering team, including Mr. Speed,
Mr. Flying Qualities, and Mr. Vibration. As the team reviews the projects, the cartoon humor-
ously illustrates the compromises that are necessary to meet the design requirements.

408. THE TROUBLES OF A MERCHANT AND HOW TO STOP THEM

(1917, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Cash Register Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Essanay Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Arthur
Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 20 (May 1941): 200. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Advertising film showing how cash registers can benefit small retailers. NOTE: The Troubles
of a Merchant and How to Stop Them was typically presented by a lecturer to retail groups
and chambers of commerce. Also circulated in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Troubles1925.

409. A TUPPERWARE HOME PARTY (ca. 1952, sound, 42 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Tupperware Home Parties Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: SI/NMAH.

Film from Tupperware explaining the technique for selling its plastic storage containers at
home parties. The film is introduced by Brownie Wise, the firm’s marketing genius who
refined the home party sales system, and features a demonstration by ace saleswoman Marge
Rogers as well as information on specific products.

410. TURN OF THE TIDE (1943, sound, 55 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSORS: Harmon Foundation; Cooperative League of the USA; Edward A. Filene Goodwill Fund.
PRODUCTION CO.: Harmon Foundation. PRODUCER: James McPherson. WRITERS: Mary Ellicott Arnold, Ted
Holmes. ART DIRECTOR: Robert Blackburn. NARRATORS: Ernest Maloney, Waldo Eaton. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; “Of Local Origin,” NYT, Apr. 8, 1943, 27; “Film on Cooperation Shown,” NYT, Apr. 9, 1943,
42; EFG (1948), 214. HOLDINGS: LC, NARA, NHF.
Dramatized documentary produced to educate people about the economic advantages of
co-operative fisheries. The film shows how these “sharecroppers of the sea” join forces to gain
economic freedom. Turn of the Tide includes scenes of fishermen speaking at a meeting, lob-
stering, and selling their catch. When a lobsterman dies at sea, the accident spurs the found-
ing of a co-operative and credit union. NOTE: Filmed on location in Port Clyde, Maine, with
local fishermen as actors. Also released in 16mm. NHF also holds outtakes.

94
 Unfinished Business

411. 24 HOURS OF PROGRESS (1950, sound, 28 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Oil Industry Information Committee, American Petroleum Institute. PRODUCTION COS.: L de R Corp.;
Film Counselors Inc. DIRECTORS: John Barnwell, Victor J. Jurgens. PRODUCER: Louis deRochemont. WRITER:
E.R. Murkland. CAMERA: Joseph Brun, Boris Kaufman, Roy E. Phelps. MUSIC: Jack Shaindlin. NARRATOR: Ralph
Bellamy. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Life Can Be Beautiful—with Oil,” Mod Ind 20 (Oct. 15, 1950):
108. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Wide-ranging film explaining the role of oil companies in advancing America and securing
the nation’s high standard of living. Linking free enterprise with freedom and democracy,
24 Hours of Progress shows the oil industry at work and Americans using oil-based products.
NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/-
details/TwentyFo1950.

412. TWO YOSEMITES (1955, sound, 11 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Sierra Club. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: David Brower. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered. HOLDINGS: Sierra.
Environmental advocacy film produced to rally opposition to the proposed Echo Park Dam,
to be built inside the boundaries of Dinosaur National Monument. The film makes its case
by comparing Yosemite National Park’s Hetch Hetchy Valley, which was logged, dammed, and
flooded in 1914 to secure water for San Francisco, with its pristine sister valley of Yosemite,
which remains a flourishing ecosystem. By juxtaposing the two valleys, the film asks which
scenario would be better for Dinosaur National Monument. NOTE: David Brower was the
Sierra Club’s executive director at the time. Although the Echo Park Dam proposal was
defeated, the legislative trade-off involved the approval of the Glen Canyon Dam project
on the Colorado River.

413. ULCER AT WORK (1959, sound, 26 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Mental Hygiene Div., Oklahoma State Dept. of Health. PRODUCTION CO.: University of Oklahoma.
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Ned Hockman. WRITER: Dwight V. Swain. CAMERA: Ed Turner. NARRATOR: Howard
Neumann. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFL, 1996. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Well-crafted film on the health problems caused by emotional stress. The drama follows a white-
collar worker with a peptic ulcer through tension-filled scenes at work and at home. Linking
emotional stress with physical illness, Ulcer at Work espouses the now-discredited theory that
ulcers result from a child’s unsatisfied oral gratification needs. NOTE: The cast includes real-
life doctors. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/ulcer_at_work.

414. UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER (1956, sound, 24 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “Story of Salk Vaccine Told in Unconditional Surrender,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 1 (1957): 18; EFG
(1954–58), 324. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Documentary about Jonas Salk’s development of the first successful polio vaccine. The film
shows work in the laboratory, the first inoculation in 1954, and the mass production of the
vaccine in pharmaceutical plants. NOTE: Several cases of polio occured following the mass
inoculation of American schoolchildren in 1955. The film was released to address public
concern over unsafe vaccines. Also released in a 14-minute version. Viewable online at Inter-
net Archive, www.archive.org/details/Uncondit1956.

415. UNFINISHED BUSINESS (1948, sound, 25 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: U.S. Steel Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. NARRATOR: George Hicks. RESOURCES:
Copyrights 15May48 MU3003 and 16Aug48 MU3225; “U.S. Steel Makes a Progress Report,” Bus Scrn 9,

95
 Unfinished Rainbows

no. 4 (1948): 23; advertisement, Bus Scrn 9, no. 6 (1948): back cover; “Better Living,” 155–56, 273. HOLDINGS:
LC/Prelinger.
Film produced for stockholders to showcase U.S. Steel’s efforts to ease the transition of WWII
veterans returning to the workforce. In the docudrama a former employee is welcomed back
with warmth and appreciation. He receives job counseling, takes training to bring his skills up
to speed, and once again becomes a contributing member of civilian society. NOTE: Unfinished
Business was later shown theatrically in cities where U.S. Steel had plants. Also released in ver-
sions running 36 minutes, 20 minutes, and 10 minutes. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/Unfinish1948.

416. UNFINISHED RAINBOWS (1941, sound, 42 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Aluminum Co. of America. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. DIRECTOR: Jean Yarborough.
WRITER: Leo Rosencrans. CAMERA: Art Arling. EDITOR: Barney Rogan. CAST: Alan Ladd, John Maxwell, Albert
Moran, Jean Del Val. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFC (1943), 260; “Alcoa on the Screen,” Bus
Scrn 7, no. 6 (1946): 21–23; Michael J. Saada, “Company-Backed Films Play to Audience 500% Greater
Than in 1946,” WSJ, Oct. 29, 1951, 1; J. Austin Burkhart, “Big Business and the Schools,” The Nation, Nov.
10, 1951, 400–402; “Better Living,” 273. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.
Big-budget film linking the history of aluminum products with Alcoa’s quest to find new
and better ways to use the element for the good of humankind. NOTE: This widely exhibited
Technicolor film was reportedly seen by more than 30 million people over a 10-year period.
Also made available in 16mm. Shorter version released as More Worlds to Conquer.

417. UNHOOKING THE HOOKWORM (1920, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSORS: International Health Board; Rockefeller Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Coronet Pictures. DIRECTOR:
George Skinner. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “New Movie Expansion,” NYT, May 8, 1921, 85; Arthur
Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 18 (June 1939): 193. HOLDINGS: NARA, Rockefeller.
Educational film about the public health danger of the hookworm parasite, which causes
anemia and dysentery. The film highlights the research of Charles W. Stiles, who in 1909
convinced the Rockefeller Foundation to invest in a program to fight the disease. After doc-
umenting that 40 percent of school-age children in 11 Southern states were afflicted, the
program used public education to help eradicate the disease. NOTE: In 1921, Stiles won a
medal from the National Academy of Sciences for his work.

418. UNITED ACTION MEANS VICTORY (1939, sound, 33 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: United Auto Workers (CIO). PRODUCTION COS.: United Auto Workers; Frontier Films. DIRECTOR/CAMERA:
Michael Martini. WRITER: David Wolff [Ben Maddow]. MUSIC: Earl Robinson. RESOURCES: Copyright not regis-
tered; Living Films, 54; “Better Living,” 149, 274. HOLDINGS: MacDonald, UCLA.
Documentary about the 1938–39 Tool and Die Makers strike affecting eight General Motors
plants. Told from the point of view of the strikers, the film shows the picket lines and Detroit
police and ends with a question to Henry Ford: “Want to know who’s next?” NOTE: The UAW
called the strike to secure its position after it split from the American Federation of Labor. The
Tool and Die Makers were a key group because their work was necessary for the first phase of
production. The UAW claimed victory when GM signed a general wage agreement, thereby
recognizing the union. For more information on the strike, see Kevin Boyle, “Rite of Passage:
The 1939 General Motors Tool and Diemakers’ Strike,” Labor History 27 (1986): 188–203.
The film is also known as United Action and United Action for Victory.

419. UNITED 6534 (1951, sound, 30 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: United Air Lines. PRODUCTION CO.: Cate & McGlone. PRODUCERS: Ted Cate, Ed McGlone. WRITER:
Charles “Cap” Palmer. CAMERA: Ed McGlone, Alan Stensvold. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Year

96
 Valley Town

Round Air Operation Shown in Color Movie,” CT, Oct. 7, 1951, F10; “Something Different in Air Line Pictures,”
Bus Scrn 12, no. 7 (1951): 38. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional piece demonstrating United’s commitment to airline safety. United 6534 follows
a DC-6 Mainliner on a transcontinental flight from San Francisco to New York and shows
preventive maintenance, flight planning procedures, and in-flight operations.

420. UNITED WE ARE INVINCIBLE (1941, sound, 30 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Transport Workers Union. PRODUCTION CO.: Leo Seltzer, Elaine Basil. PRODUCERS: Leo Seltzer,
Elaine Basil. WRITER: Leo Huberman. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: NYU.
Documentary about the Transport Workers Union’s successful 1941 strike against the New
York City Omnibus Corporation and the Fifth Avenue Coach Company. The film integrates
staged scenes with footage of union gatherings, pickets, strike leaders, a labor parade, and the
victory speech by TWU founder Michael J. Quill. NOTE: Leo Huberman also wrote The Great
Bus Strike (New York: Modern Age Books, 1941).

421. U.S.S. AKRON (ca. 1931, sound, 30 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
EFC (1936), 47; DeVry Corporation, Free Films Source Directory (Chicago: DeVry, ca. 1942), 92. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Film showing the construction and trial flight of the U.S.S. Akron, then the largest dirigible
in the world. The vessel was built for the navy by Goodyear at its facility in Akron, Ohio.
NOTE: Also distributed in 16mm.

422. THE USURER’S GRIP (1912, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Remedial Loans Div., Russell Sage Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Thomas A. Edison Inc. DIRECTOR:
Bannister Merwin. WRITER: Theodora Huntington. CAST: Walter Edwin, Charles Ogle, Gertrude McCoy, Edna
May Weick. RESOURCES: Copyrights 4Oct1912 J176565–68; Behind the Mask, 275; Kay Sloan, The Loud Silents:
Origins of the Social Problem Film (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1988), 8, 26–27. HOLDINGS: LC.
An early dramatized argument for the value of publicly regulated savings-and-loan associa-
tions. Because “illness is expensive,” a New York City couple with a sick daughter fall victim
to an advertisement for quick cash through “private furniture loans.” The loan shark presses
for payment at usurious rates. The husband’s new boss introduces him to an employees’ bank-
ing co-operative, and the two men follow up with the district attorney, who forces the loan
shark to reduce the interest rate.

423. VALLEY TOWN (1940, sound, 27 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. PRODUCTION COS.: Educational Film Institute, New York University;
Documentary Film Productions. DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke. WRITERS: Spencer Pollard, Willard Van Dyke,
Helen Files, Paula Swarthe, David Wolff [Ben Maddow]. CAMERA: Roger Barlow, Bob Churchill. MUSIC:
Marc Blitzstein. EDITOR: Irving Lerner. NARRATOR: Ray Collins. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Living
Films, 54; B.H. Haggin, “Music,” The Nation, Feb. 15, 1941, 194; Film Forum Review staff, “Valley Town,”
in Ideas, 212–13; William Alexander, Film on the Left: American Documentary Film from 1931 to 1942
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981), 257–70. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MoMA, UCLA.
Film exploring the impact of industry mechanization on a Pennsylvania steel town. In this
unusual blend of documentary and narrative, workers reel from the changes brought by the
Depression and the introduction of labor-saving machinery. Defense mobilization brings
an upturn, but the newly automated plants require fewer workers, and the older ones are
displaced. Valley Town includes stage devices such as a monologue by an unemployed steel-
worker after a day of unsuccessful job seeking and a Brechtian song about money sung by his
wife. NOTE: Perhaps the most experimental film made for the Sloan Foundation, Valley Town

97
 The Vanishing Frontier

was reedited after the foundation objected to certain scenes. The original version is available
through MoMA’s Circulating Film Library. The film was shot in New Castle, Pennsylvania,
and used residents as actors. Marc Blitzstein is best known for his political opera The Cradle
Will Rock. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/ValleyTo1940.

424. THE VANISHING FRONTIER (1964, sound, 58 min, color unknown, 16mm)
SPONSOR: North Carolina Film Board. PRODUCTION CO.: WBTV (Charlotte, NC). RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; Howard Thompson, “Carolina Board Shows 3 Films,” NYT, May 8, 1964, 40; Elmer Oettinger,
“The North Carolina Film Board: A Unique Program in Documentary and Educational Film Making,”
Journal of the Society of Cinematologists 4 (1964–65): 55–65. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Documentary showing the challenges faced by North Carolina’s mountain communities
in adapting to modern life. According to Elmer Oettinger, North Carolina author Wilma
Dykeman found that The Vanishing Frontier “explores, reveals, and interprets with cool intel-
ligence and a warm sympathy the paradoxes, problems, and promises of our mountain region.”
NOTE: The film brought to the screen information from a 1962 Ford Foundation survey.
Also known as The Dying Frontier.

425. A VOICE SHALL BE HEARD (1951, sound, 20 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Electronics Div., General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: March of Time. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered; “G-E Releases New Civil Defense Film Produced by March of Time,” Bus Scrn 12, no. 8 (1951):
48; Warren Cheney, “New Civil Defense Films,” Am City 67 (Jan. 1952): 124. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Promotional film for two-way radio equipment. Targeting municipal government decision
makers, A Voice Shall Be Heard follows a Syracuse, New York, family through an atomic
attack exercise and shows the role of the portable two-way emergency radio communications
system in the coordination of rescue operations in the affected area. NOTE: Also known as
And a Voice Shall Be Heard.

426. WALK TO FREEDOM (1956, sound, 17 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Fellowship of Reconciliation. PRODUCTION CO.: Fellowship Films. DIRECTOR/WRITER: Herbert Shore.
PRODUCER: Arnold Morrison. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers in
16mm,” NYT, Oct. 21, 1956, 131. HOLDINGS: Swarthmore.
Advocacy film made by the interfaith peace organization. The film focuses on the Mont-
gomery bus boycott, which was organized by Martin Luther King Jr. with the help of FOR
staff. Howard Thompson called Walk of Freedom “a rather piecemeal but decidedly spunky
documentary plea for passive resistance by ‘exploited’ peoples.”

427. WE DRIVERS (1936, sound, 11 min, b&w/color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Motors Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. RESOURCES: Copyright 11Feb37
MU7159; “Leading Sales Films of 1936–37 and the Results Attained,” Sales Mgmt 41 (Oct. 10, 1937): 52;
Strother Holland Walker and Paul Sklar, “Business Finds Its Voice,” Harper’s Magazine, Feb. 1938, 327;
GM Catalog, 48; “Better Living,” 43–44, 150. HOLDINGS: GEH, LC/Prelinger.
Driving safety film sponsored by GM as part of an industrywide safety campaign. The respon-
sible and irresponsible impulses of drivers are represented by the animated characters Sensible
Sam and Reckless Rudolph, who fight for control in a boxing match. Sam eliminates Rudolph
in a knockout punch, and the referee recites safety maxims during his count. NOTE: We Drivers
was shown in 7,000 theaters during its first 10 months of release and reportedly was seen by
24 million viewers in noncommercial venues. The film includes a Technicolor section. Released
in 35mm and 16mm prints. GM produced 5 million companion booklets and further dis-
seminated the text through newspaper syndication. Remade in 1947, 1955, 1962, and 1976.
Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/WeDriver1936.

98
 Wheels of Tragedy

428. WE SAW IT HAPPEN (1953, sound, 88 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: United Aircraft Corp. DIRECTOR: William Fox. PRODUCERS/WRITERS: Paul W. Fisher,
John Smith. MUSIC: Harry Glass. EDITOR: Carl Tomlin. NARRATOR: John Cannon. RESOURCES: Copyright 14Dec53
MU5604; “Gift Made for National Air Museum,” Wash Post, Dec. 16, 1953, 16; “We Saw It Happen,” Bus
Scrn 15, no. 1 (1954): 39–41; “Sight and Sound,” Bus Scrn 15, no. 3 (1954): 14. HOLDINGS: GEH, SI/NASM, UCLA.
Wide-ranging documentary sponsored by the aircraft manufacturer to celebrate the 50th
anniversary of powered flight. The history is told through the recollections of 41 pioneers
who helped shape the aviation industry. Among those interviewed are Charley Taylor, the
Wright brothers’ mechanic; helicopter designer Igor Sikorsky; and fliers Clarence Chamberlin
and Jimmy Doolittle. NOTE: We Saw It Happen was shown to military, civic, and educational
audiences; a 58-minute version was aired on television. Also released in 16mm. NASM also
holds outtakes.

429. WE’LL NEVER TURN BACK (1963, sound, 31 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER: Harvey Richards. RESOURCES:
Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: MacDonald, UCLA.
Advocacy film used by SNCC in its voter registration campaign in the South. Shot in Mis-
sissippi, the film includes interviews with black farmers about the harassment and violence
experienced when they attempted to register. Among the civil rights leaders featured are
Julian Bond and Fannie Lou Hamer. NOTE: We’ll Never Turn Back is a reedited version of
an earlier SNCC film, Freedom Bound. Distributed by Estuary Press, www.estuarypress.com.

430. WESTINGHOUSE WORKS (1904; silent; 29 films, 1–3 min ea; b&w; 35mm)
SPONSOR: Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co. PRODUCTION CO.: American Mutoscope & Biograph
Co. CAMERA: G.W. Bitzer. RESOURCES: Emergence, 359; Tom Gunning, “The World as Object Lesson: Cinema
Audiences, Visual Culture and the St. Louis World’s Fair, 1904,” Film History 6, no. 4 (1994): 422–44; AFI
1893–1910, 204; More Treasures, 117–21. HOLDINGS: LC, MoMA.
Series shot at Westinghouse Works, the Pittsburgh-area factory then reputed to be the largest
in the world. Titles include Coil Winding Section E, Girls Taking Time Checks, and Panorama
View: Street Car Motor Room. NOTE: The films were shown three times daily in the Westing-
house auditorium at the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. Selected for the National Film Registry.

431. WHEELS ACROSS AFRICA (ca. 1937, sound, 50 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Dodge Div., Chrysler Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions. PRODUCER: Armand Denis.
CAMERA: Leroy G. Phelps. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UCLA.

Account of Armand Denis and Leila Roosevelt’s expedition across Africa in Dodge automo-
biles. Wheels across Africa is both African travelogue and demonstration of the Dodge vehicle’s
capacity to perform under “terrific punishment.” NOTE: The trek was cosponsored by the auto-
maker and the Belgian government. Also released in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/WheelsAc1936. Denis and Roosevelt were professional ex-
plorers who toured Africa and Asia in the 1930s and created travelogues of their journeys.

432. WHEELS OF TRAGEDY (1963, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Ohio State Highway Patrol; Highway Safety Foundation. PRODUCTION CO.: Robert Lawrence
Productions. DIRECTOR: Bob Bendick. WRITER: Max Ehrlich. CAMERA: Larry O’Reilly. CAST: Billie A. Bradley,
Charles McCue, Miles Aber, Elmer Clifford. RESOURCES: Copyright 7Oct63 MP14820; Donn Gaynor, “Movies
Made Here Seen [in] Nearly All Free Nations,” Mansfield News Journal, Mar. 26, 1965, 32; LAT, Aug. 14,
1971, 1; Mental Hygiene, 225. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Driver education “scare” film built around the experiences of an Ohio State Highway Patrol
recruit. Wheels of Tragedy includes accident reenactments staged by a professional crew. NOTE:

99
 Why Braceros?

The film was shot near Mansfield, Ohio, and followed the Highway Safety Foundation’s success-
ful Signal 30. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/Wheelsof Tragedy.

433. WHY BRACEROS? (1962, sound, 19 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSORS: Council of California Growers. PRODUCTION CO.: Wilding Picture Productions Inc. RESOURCES: Copy-
right 25Jun63 MP13338. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Film explaining the benefits of the bracero program, originally initiated by the United States
in 1942 to alleviate the World War II labor shortage. Attempting to answer public concerns
over immigrant labor, the film shows the productive contribution of Mexican guest workers
to California’s farming, ranching, and food processing industries. NOTE: The bracero program
ended in 1964. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/WhyBrace1959.

434. WHY MAN CREATES (1968, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Saul Bass & Associates. DIRECTOR/PRODUCER:
Saul Bass. WRITERS: Saul Bass, Mayo Simon. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; William Wilson, “Saul
Bass…Virtuoso of ‘Useful’ Art,” LAT, Dec. 29, 1968, O8. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald, UGA.
A humorous, inventive film probing the creative process. It first examines exemplars of
creativity—Socrates, Michelangelo, the Wright brothers—and then explores how new ideas
arise, develop, and bear fruit. NOTE: Received an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short
Subject in 1968. Selected for the National Film Registry. Distributed by PyramidDirect,
www.pyramiddirect.com.

435. WINGS TO CUBA AND THE CARIBBEAN (1948, sound, 25 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Pan American World Airways. PRODUCTION CO.: Hartley Productions. PRODUCER: Irving Hartley.
RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; EFG (1949), 603; Raymond Spottiswoode, “Wings to Cuba and the
Caribbean,” in Ideas, 238. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Travelogue promoting air travel to the Caribbean. During a glamorous trip to Cuba, Jamaica,
and other islands, an animated figure periodically pops up with comments and praise for Pan
American’s service. NOTE: This is one of the many Wings To films sponsored by Pan Am. Irving
Hartley was one of the newsreel cameramen who shot the Hindenburg explosion. Produced
in Kodachrome.

436. WITH THESE HANDS (1950, sound, 52 min, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: International Ladies Garment Workers Union. PRODUCTION CO.: Promotional Films Co. DIRECTOR: Jack
Arnold. PRODUCERS: Jack Arnold, Lee Goodman. WRITER: Morton Wishengrad. CAMERA: Gerald Hirschfeld.
MUSIC: Morris Mamorsky. EDITOR: Charles R. Senf. CAST: Sam Levene, Arlene Francis, Joseph Wiseman,
Alexander Scourby. RESOURCES: Copyright 22Dec50 LP694; Albert Margolies, “Picture of a Union Man,”
NYT, June 11, 1950, 99; Bosley Crowther, “The Screen in Review,” NYT, June 16, 1950, 28; Ec Ed, 44; Albert
Hemsing, “Labor and the Film,” in Ideas, 35–38. HOLDINGS: LC, LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Documentary about the International Ladies Garment Workers Union. Told in flashbacks, the
story recounts the life of a worker about to retire with a union pension. The veteran unionist
looks back to the abuses common before unionization, the great organizing drives of the 1930s,
and the benefits and stability brought by the union. NOTE: Originally planned for showing to
ILGWU locals, With These Hands opened instead on Broadway and played four weeks as a
theatrical feature. Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Feature Documentary in 1950
and received a Freedoms Foundation award the same year. Also distributed in 16mm.

437. THE WIZARDRY OF WIRELESS (1923, silent, 2 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Electric Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Radio
Pictured in Movies,” Wash Post, Feb. 18, 1923, 14; “School Film Reviews for April,” Ed Scrn 3 (Apr. 1924):
161–62. HOLDINGS: Not reported.

100
 The World Struggle for Oil

Partly animated technical film illustrating how radio works. After tracing the history of com-
munications, from smoke signals to the telephone, The Wizardry of Wireless explains the prin-
ciples of radio transmission and shows the operations of WGY, GE’s pioneering radio station
in Schenectady, New York.

438. WOHELO (ca. 1919, silent, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: Wohelo—the Luther Gulick Camps. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: NHF.

Promotional film featuring activities at the Wohelo girls’ summer camp on Sebago Lake
in Raymond, Maine. NOTE: The name Wohelo stands for “WOrk, HEalth, and LOve.”
The camp was founded by Luther and Charlotte Gulick.

439. WORKING AND PLAYING TO HEALTH (1953, sound, 34 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSORS: Mental Health Film Board; Illinois Dept. of Public Welfare. PRODUCTION CO.: Affiliated Film Pro-
ducers. DIRECTOR: Willard Van Dyke. CAMERA: Kevin Smith. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; unsigned
review, Physical Education and Rehabilitation 26 (Feb. 1955): 52; EFG (1954–58), 349. HOLDINGS: AAFF,
LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.
Institutional profile of Manteno State Hospital in Illinois. Produced for health care workers,
Working and Playing to Health shows the mental hospital’s occupational, recreational, and
industrial therapy programs. One of the largest facilities of its kind in the United States, in
1953 it treated some 7,900 patients with illnesses ranging from schizophrenia to Parkinson’s
disease. NOTE: Received a Golden Reel Award from the American Film Assembly in 1954.
For more about the hospital, see the Manteno Project, www.mantenostatehospital.com.

440. WORKING FOR DEAR LIFE (ca. 1923, silent, 15 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;
“New Health Film Available,” Am City 30 (Mar. 1924): 310; “More Sales with Business Films,” Pr Ink Mon
28 (June 1934): 56–78; EFC (1936), 35. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Health education film sponsored by the insurance company to encourage regular medical
checkups. Made in conjunction with a National Health Council campaign, the film makes
its point by comparing the human body with an automobile and suggesting that people
require periodic medical examinations to keep themselves in good working order. NOTE:
Also released in 16mm.

441. WORKING TOGETHER: A CASE HISTORY OF LABOR-MANAGEMENT COOPERATION

(1951, sound, 22 min, b&w, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Twentieth Century Fund. PRODUCTION CO.: Eddie Albert Productions. RESOURCES: Copyright 15Apr51
MP1638; Ec Ed, 45; “Working Together for Productivity,” Bus Scrn 13, no. 3 (1952): 43; “East and West Find
Common Ground,” Mod Ind 23 (June 15, 1952): 128–30; Howard Thompson, “Newcomers to the 16mm Film
Field,” NYT, June 22, 1952, X5. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Labor relations case study sponsored by a foundation focusing at the time on productive
solutions to labor-management conflicts. The film reviews the labor tensions at the American
Lead Pencil Company plant in Hoboken, New Jersey, years earlier and shows how the problems
were resolved through worker-management cooperation. NOTE: Viewable online at Internet
Archive, www.archive.org/details/WorkingT1951.

442. THE WORLD STRUGGLE FOR OIL (1923, silent, 7 reels, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Sinclair Consolidated Oil Corp. PRODUCTION CO.: Unknown. RESOURCES: Copyright 23Aug23 MP2313;
“The Screen: The Romance of Oil,” NYT, Apr. 22, 1924, 19; Robert E. Sherwood, “Oil and Trouble,” Life,
May 22, 1924, 24; “Says Sinclair Film Has Federal Aid,” NYT, Oct. 4, 1924, 2; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion
Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 21 (Jan. 1942): 16. HOLDINGS: NARA.

101
 The World That Nature Forgot

Film celebrating America’s initiative in oil exploration and production. It dramatizes the 1859
discovery of oil in Pennsylvania that launched the American industry and illustrates the devel-
opment of drilling and pipeline construction. Using maps and charts, The World Struggle for
Oil depicts the industry’s growth over the previous 80 years and shows that American oil con-
sumption was then more than twice that of the rest of the world. A New York Times reviewer
pronounced the film “the best of its kind yet put forth.” NOTE: Distributed through the United
States Bureau of Mines. The film received attention during the Teapot Dome scandal when
the Democratic National Committee charged that Sinclair had improperly used the Bureau
of Mines to distribute corporate propaganda.

443. THE WORLD THAT NATURE FORGOT (1955, sound, 30 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Monsanto Chemical Co. PRODUCTION CO.: MPO Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Lewis Jacobs.
PRODUCER/CAMERA: Lawrence E. Madison. WRITER: Robert Campbell. MUSIC: Benjamin Frankel. NARRATOR:
Westbrook Van Voorhis. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; Howard Thompson, “Entries in the 16mm
Film Field,” NYT, Dec. 11, 1955, 153; Mildred Weiler, “Monsanto’s 50 Films Soft-Pedal and Sell,” Industrial
Marketing 41 (Mar. 1956): 96. HOLDINGS: MacDonald.
Film exploring the role of plastics in modern life. The World That Nature Forgot uses animation
to depict plastic molecules and includes scenes showing the use of plastics in kitchens, offices,
and the “city of tomorrow.” NOTE: The sponsor made chemicals used in plastic manufacturing.
Lewis Jacobs, a Film and Photo League member in the 1930s, later compiled The Documentary
Tradition, from Nanook to Woodstock (New York: Hopkinson and Blake, 1971).

444. YANKEE DOODLE GOES TO TOWN (1938, sound, 1 reel, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Collier’s Magazine. PRODUCTION CO.: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. DIRECTOR: Jacques Tourneur. WRITERS:
Richard Goldstone, Alvan Sommerfield, Joseph Sherman. MUSIC: David Snell. EDITOR: Harry Komer. NARRATOR:
John Nesbitt. RESOURCES: Copyright LP9048 15Jun39; Nelson B. Bell, “‘Maisie’ Causes Sharp Rise in Star’s
Stock,” Wash Post, June 28, 1939, 16; “Films Sell Other Media…,” Bus Scrn 1, no. 6 (1939): 11. HOLDINGS:
Not reported.
Promotional film demonstrating the advantages of magazine advertising. The film recounts
the evolving role of advertising in America and contextualizes it as an integral (and patriotic)
component of national life. Yankee Doodle Goes to Town suggests that advertising is an engine
of recovery from economic depression. NOTE: Shown at the 1939–40 New York World’s Fair.
Also distributed in 16mm.

445. THE YANKS ARE COMING (1918, silent, length unknown, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: Dayton-Wright Airplane Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Universal Film Manufacturing Co. PRODUCER: Carlyle
Ellis. CAMERA: W.W. Flanders. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “Written on the Screen,” NYT, June 23,
1918, 36; “War Film Stopped: Hearst Influence on Creel Blamed,” NYT, June 24, 1918, 1; “Call Truce in Fight
over Suppressed Film,” NYT, June 25, 1918, 24; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,”
Ed Scrn 18 (Mar. 1939): 88; Arthur Edwin Krows, “Motion Pictures—Not for Theaters,” Ed Scrn 18 (Apr. 1939):
121; AFI 1911–1920, entry F1.5134. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Feature-length production documenting the manufacture of the de Havilland DH-4, America’s
first bomber and the only American-built aircraft used by the U.S. Army Air Service in World
War I. Tracing the history of aircraft development, The Yanks Are Coming includes footage of
the plane on combat maneuvers. Orville Wright appears in the film. NOTE: Arthur Edwin
Krows reported that the film was considered “commercial propaganda” by the World War I
Committee on Public Information and its distribution halted (Ed Scrn 18, Mar. 1939).

446. THE YEAR’S WORK (1940, sound, 3 reels, b&w, 35mm)

SPONSOR: General Mills Inc. PRODUCTION CO.: Documentary Film Productions Inc. DIRECTORS: Willard Van
Dyke, Herbert Kerkow. CAMERA: Willard Van Dyke, Bob Churchill. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered;

102
 The Your Name Here Story

“Films Interpret the Annual Stockholder’s Report,” Bus Scrn 3, no. 1 (1940): 11; Wesley Smith, “The
March of Finance,” LAT, Oct. 26, 1940, 13; Living Films, 56. HOLDINGS: Not reported.
Annual report to stockholders highlighting General Mills’s accomplishments of the past year.
Integrating animation, live-action footage, and narrative, The Year’s Work intercuts financial
statistics with images of consumers, General Mills workers, and farmers. NOTE: Company
chairman James F. Bell took the film to stockholder meetings in seven American cities.

447. YOU CAN TAKE IT WITH YOU (1952, sound, 27 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR: Trailer Coach Manufacturers Association. PRODUCTION CO.: Paragon Pictures. RESOURCES: Copy-
right not registered; “Reel Briefs,” Mod Ind 23 (Apr. 15, 1952): 150. HOLDINGS: AAFF.
Film promoting mobile homes as a workable solution to the postwar housing shortage. You Can
Take It with You argues that modern trailer coaches provide comfort and independence.

448. YOU CAN, TOO (1943, sound, 30 min, b&w, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Ball Brothers Co. PRODUCTION CO.: Atlas Educational Film Co. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered.
HOLDINGS: MacDonald.

Instructional film sponsored by the manufacturer of glass jars and canning equipment to
encourage Americans to preserve their own foods and support the war effort. In the film a
home economics teacher demonstrates how to can tomatoes, green beans, and peaches and
encourages the use of the Ball Eclipse pressure cooker to ensure food safety. She reminds
viewers: “These are rough times.... I’m going to do my part to keep the nation fed well.”
NOTE: You Can, Too was issued with a home canning booklet. Macy’s in New York City
screened the film four times daily for a week.

449. YOUNG MAN’S FANCY (1952, sound, 28 min, color, 16mm)

SPONSOR: Edison Electric Institute. PRODUCTION CO.: Jam Handy Organization. DIRECTOR: Donald H. Brown.
WRITER: Frank Murray. CAMERA: William A. Steiner. MUSIC: Samuel Benavie. EDITOR: Henry Sundquist. CAST:
Bonnie Baken, Jean Hayworth, Robert Casey, Hazen Gifford. RESOURCES: Copyright 2Apr52 MU5388.
HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, MacDonald.

Trade association film encouraging the use of home electrical appliances. In the narrative a
teenage girl falls for her brother’s friend, an engineering student who constantly speaks of
machines, time studies, and “the rhythm of great generators.” She finally wins his attention
with a home-cooked dinner prepared with electrical appliances. NOTE: Edison Electric Institute
represented investor-owned electric utilities. Produced in Kodachrome. Viewable online at
Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/YoungMan1952.

450. THE YOUR NAME HERE STORY (ca. 1962, sound, 10 min, color, 16mm)
SPONSOR/PRODUCTION CO.: Calvin Communications. PRODUCER: Frank Barhydt. RESOURCES: Copyright not
registered. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger.
Industrial film spoof produced at one of Calvin’s annual corporate communications work-
shops. Each year participants made a short film on the business of sponsored filmmaking.
This example pokes fun at the clichéd approach of industrial films by pretending to be a
generic presentation in which a client can insert its own name and product. Intertitles read-
ing YOUR NAME HERE or YOUR PRODUCT HERE interrupt the hackneyed scenes promoting
patriotism, the company’s research, and the role of the product in supporting the American
way of life. NOTE: At least 20 “Calvin Workshop” films, often humorous, were produced
in the 1950s and 1960s. For more about Calvin, see Ken Hufford, “Missouri Film Firm
Aids U.S. Industry,” CSM, Oct. 21, 1957, 13. Viewable online at Internet Archive,
www.archive.org/details/YourName1960.

103
 Your Share in Tomorrow

451. YOUR SHARE IN TOMORROW (1957, sound, 27 min, color, 35mm)

SPONSOR: New York Stock Exchange. PRODUCTION COS.: Knickerbocker Productions Inc.; International Film
Foundation. DIRECTOR: Francis Thompson. CAMERA: Stanley Meredith, Michael Nebbia, Peaslee Bond, Robert
Downey, Wheaton Galentine. SPECIAL EFFECTS: D.A. Pennebaker. MUSIC: Gene Forrell. RESOURCES: Copyright
not registered; “Your Share in America’s Future,” Bus Scrn 18, no. 2 (1957): 40; Howard Thompson, “New-
comers in 16mm,” NYT, Apr. 21, 1957, 97. HOLDINGS: AAFF, LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Informational film explaining the work of the New York Stock Exchange. The short describes
types of stocks, the function of brokers and investors, and how stocks support business and
industrial activity across the nation. Howard Thompson called the film “devastatingly original”
and praised its “exciting color photography.” NOTE: Your Share in Tomorrow premiered on
the exchange floor in New York and was shown in 52 other American cities on the same day.
Produced in Eastmancolor. Also distributed in 16mm.

452. YOUR TOWN: A STORY OF AMERICA (1940, sound, 11 min, b&w, 35mm)
SPONSOR: National Association of Manufacturers. PRODUCTION CO.: Audio Productions Inc. DIRECTOR: Robert
Snody. MUSIC: Edwin E. Ludig. RESOURCES: Copyright not registered; “NAM Favors Defense, Free Enterprise,”
CSM, May 18, 1940, 15; EFC (1940–41), 136–37; Selling, 40–41. HOLDINGS: LC/Prelinger, UCLA.
Economic education film commissioned by the industrial association. In the story a teenager
passing by an anticapitalist demonstration at his hometown factory is stopped by a policeman
and taken home to safety. The teen’s grandfather then lectures him about the factory and what
it means to their town. The message is that the townsfolk have an important stake in the fac-
tory’s success and that workers and manufacturers should cooperate. NOTE: Also distributed
in 16mm. Viewable online at Internet Archive, www.archive.org/details/YourTown1940.

104
APPENDIX 1: WORKS FREQUENTLY CITED

AFI 1893–1910 Savada, Eli, comp. The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion
Pictures Produced in the United States: Film Beginnings, 1893–1910.
Metuchen, NJ, and London: Scarecrow Press, 1995.

AFI 1911–1920 Hanson, Patricia, and Alan Gevinson, eds. The American Film Institute
Catalog of Motion Picture Films Produced in the United States: Feature
Films, 1911–1920. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1988.

Am City American City.

Atlan Con Atlanta Constitution.

BCE Bureau of Commercial Economics. Washington, DC: Bureau of

Commercial Economics, 1916.

Before Video Slide, Anthony. Before Video: A History of the Non-Theatrical Film.
Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992.

Behind the Mask Brownlow, Kevin. Behind the Mask of Innocence: Sex, Violence, Crime;
Films of Conscience in the Silent Era. Berkeley, CA: University of
California Press, 1992.

“Better Living” Bird, William L., Jr. “Better Living”: Advertising, Media, and the New
Vocabulary of Business Leadership, 1935–1955. Evanston, IL: North-
western University Press, 1999.

Bus Scrn Business Screen.

Bus Wk Business Week.

Chi Def Chicago Defender.

Corporate Soul Marchand, Roland. Creating the Corporate Soul: The Rise of Public
Relations and Corporate Imagery in American Big Business. Berkeley,
CA: University of California Press, 1998.

CSM Christian Science Monitor.

CT Chicago Tribune.

Ec Ed Department of Audio-Visual Instruction, National Education

Association. Guide to Films in Economic Education. Washington,
DC: National Education Association, ca. 1951.

Ed Scrn Educational Screen.

EFC Cook, Dorothy E., and Eva Rahbek-Smith, comps. Educational Film
Catalog. 5 vols. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1936–43.

EFG Educational Film Guide. 10 vols. New York: H.W. Wilson Co.,
1945–62.

105
Works Frequently Cited

EFL Educational Film Locator of the Consortium of University Film Centers

and R.R. Bowker Company. New York and London: R.R. Bowker Co.,
1978.

Electrifying Nye, David E. Electrifying America: Social Meanings of a New

Technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990.

Emergence Musser, Charles. The Emergence of Cinema: The American Screen to

1907. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990.

Exploitation Schaefer, Eric.“Bold! Daring! Shocking! True!”: A History of Exploitation

Films, 1919–1959. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999.

Fac Man Factory Management and Maintenance.

GM Catalog Department of Public Relations, General Motors Corporation. GM

Film Catalog, 1943–1944. 5th ed. Detroit, MI: General Motors Corp.,
1943.

Ideas Starr, Cecile, ed. Ideas on Film. New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1951.

LAT Los Angeles Times.

Living Films Association of Documentary Film Producers. Living Films: A Catalog

of Documentary Films and Their Makers. New York: Association of
Documentary Film Producers, 1940.

Lovers Jan-Christopher Horak, ed. Lovers of Cinema: The First American Film
Avant-Garde, 1919–1945. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press,
1995.

Mental Hygiene Smith, Ken. Mental Hygiene: Classroom Films, 1945–1970. New York:
Blast Books, 1999.

Mod Ind Modern Industry.

More Treasures Simmon, Scott, and Martin Marks. Program Notes. In National Film
Preservation Foundation, More Treasures from American Film Archives:
1894–1931. 3-DVD set. San Francisco: National Film Preservation
Foundation, 2004.

Negro Year Guzman, Jessie Parkhurst, ed. Negro Year Book: A Review of Events
Affecting Negro Life, 1941–1946. Tuskegee, AL: Department of Records
and Research, Tuskegee Institute, 1947.

1954 Catalog Center for Mass Communication. 1954 Sales and Rental Catalog.
New York: Center for Mass Communication, Columbia University
Press, 1954.

NYT New York Times.

Pr Ink Printer’s Ink.

Pr Ink Mon Printer’s Ink Monthly.

106
 Sources of Copyright Data

Sales Mgmt Sales Management.

Secret Century Prelinger, Rick. Our Secret Century: Archival Films from the Darker Side
of the American Dream. 10-vol. CD-ROM. New York: Voyager Co.,
1995–97.

Selling Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth A. Selling Free Enterprise: The Business Assault on

Labor and Liberalism, 1945–60. Urbana and Chicago, IL: University
of Illinois Press, 1994.

Sex Ed Eberwein, Robert. Sex Ed: Film, Video, and the Framework of Desire.
New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1999.

Treasures Simmon, Scott, and Martin Marks. Program Notes. In National Film
Preservation Foundation, Treasures from American Film Archives: 50
Preserved Films. 4-DVD set. San Francisco: National Film Preservation
Foundation, 2000.

Unseen Cinema Posner, Bruce, ed. Unseen Cinema: Early American Avant-Garde Film,
1893–1941; A Retrospective of Restored and Preserved Films Detailing
the Unknown Accomplishments of American Pioneer Filmmakers. New
York: Black Thistle Press and Anthology Film Archives, 2001.

Wash Post Washington Post.

Working-Class Ross, Steven J. Working-Class Hollywood: Silent Film and the Shaping
of Class in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.

APPENDIX 2: SOURCES OF COPYRIGHT DATA

Copyright information reported in The Field Guide is derived from the following compila-
tions issued by the United States Copyright Office:

Walls, Howard Lamarr. Motion Pictures, 1894–1912: Identified from the Records of the
United States Copyright Office. Washington, DC: Copyright Office, Library of
Congress, 1953.

Copyright Office, Library of Congress. Motion Pictures, 1912–1939. Washington, DC:

Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 1951.

Copyright Office, Library of Congress. Motion Pictures, 1940–1949. Washington, DC:

Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 1953.

Copyright Office, Library of Congress. Motion Pictures, 1950–1959. Washington, DC:

Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 1960.

Copyright Office, Library of Congress. Motion Pictures, 1960–1969. Washington, DC:

Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 1971.

107
APPENDIX 3: REPOSITORIES CITED
Shown in bold are the repository names as they appear in the entries. Holdings data were
either contributed by the repository or taken from a secondary source, such as a published
catalog or scholarly monograph. Data derived from secondary sources are noted below.

Most of the organizations provide some level of public access to their collections. Appoint-
ments are generally required for on-site research.

AAFF GMMA
American Archive of Factual Film General Motors Media Archives
Currently unavailable to the public 2479 Elliott Ave.
Troy, MI 48083
AFANA www.media.gm.com
Academic Film Archive of North America Data drawn from published list
245 S. 15th St.
San Jose, CA 95112 Iowa State
www.afana.org Iowa State University
Data drawn from repository’s online catalog Special Collections Department
403 Parks Library
AV Geeks Ames, IA 50011
AV Geeks (stock footage house) www.lib.iastate.edu/spcl/index.html
714 Tyler Rd.
Raleigh, NC 27604 LC
www.avgeeks.com Library of Congress
Motion Picture, Broadcasting,
Bessemer and Recorded Sound Division
Bessemer Historical Society Washington, DC 20540
1612 E. Abriendo Ave. www.loc.gov
Pueblo, CO 81004
www.cfisteel.org LC/Prelinger
Library of Congress
ETSU Motion Picture, Broadcasting,
East Tennessee State University and Recorded Sound Division
Archives of Appalachia Prelinger Collection
P.O. Box 70295 Washington, DC 20540
Johnson City, TN 37614 www.loc.gov
www.etsu.edu/cass/Archives
MacDonald
GEH MacDonald and Associates
George Eastman House (stock footage house)
Department of Film 5660 N. Jersey Ave.
900 East Ave. Chicago, IL 60659
Rochester, NY 14607 www.macfilms.com
www.eastman.org
Mariners
Getty Images Mariners’ Museum
Getty Images (stock footage house) Research Library and Archives
75 Varick St., 5th Fl. 100 Museum Dr.
New York, NY 10013 Newport News, VA 23606
www.gettyimages.com www.mariner.org
Data drawn from secondary sources Data drawn from secondary sources

108
 Repositories Cited

Maryland NYPL
Maryland Historical Society New York Public Library
201 W. Monument St. Donnell Media Center
Baltimore, MD 21201 20 W. 53rd St.
www.mdhs.org New York, NY 10019
Data drawn from secondary sources www.nypl.org/branch/central/dlc/dmc
Data drawn from secondary sources
MoMA
Museum of Modern Art NYU
Department of Film and Media New York University
11 W. 53rd St. Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
New York, NY 10019 Elmer Holmes Bobst Library
www.moma.org 70 Washington Sq. South
Data drawn from secondary sources New York, NY 10012
www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/tam
NARA Data drawn from secondary sources
National Archives
Special Media Archives Services Orgone
8601 Adelphi Rd. Orgone Archives (private collection)
College Park, MD 20740 3312 Ward St.
www.archives.gov Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Data drawn from repository’s online catalog
Penn
Nature Pennsylvania State Archives
Nature Society 350 North St.
P.O. Box 390 Harrisburg, PA 17120
Griggsville, IL 62340 www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam
www.naturesociety.org
PFA
Nebraska Pacific Film Archive/Berkeley Art Museum
Nebraska State Historical Society University of California
1500 R St. 2621 Durant Ave.
P.O. Box 82554 Berkeley, CA 94720
Lincoln, NE 68501 www.bampfa.berkeley.edu/pfa_library
www.nebraskahistory.org Data drawn from secondary sources

NHF Pittsburgh
Northeast Historic Film Pittsburgh Filmmakers
85 Main St. 477 Melwood Ave.
P.O. Box 900 Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Bucksport, ME 04416 www.pghfilmmakers.org
www.oldfilm.org
Prelinger
NLM Prelinger Collection (private collection)
National Library of Medicine P.O. Box 590622
History of Medicine Division San Francisco, CA 94159
8600 Rockville Pike www.prelinger.com
Bldg. 38, Rm. 1E-21
Bethesda, MD 20894 Rockefeller
www.nlm.nih.gov Rockefeller Archive Center
Data drawn from repository’s online catalog 15 Dayton Ave.
Sleepy Hollow, NY 10591
archive.rockefeller.edu
Data drawn from published catalog

109
Repositories Cited

Sabucat UCLA
Sabucat Productions (stock footage house) UCLA Film and Television Archive
P.O. Box 902875 302 East Melnitz Hall
Palmdale, CA 93590 Box 951323
www.sabucat.com Los Angeles, CA 90095
www.cinema.ucla.edu
Secret Cinema
Secret Cinema (private collection) UGA
1724 Loney St. University of Georgia
Philadelphia, PA 19111 Media Archives
www.thesecretcinema.com Main Library
325 S. Jackson St., 7th Fl.
Sierra Athens, GA 30602
Sierra Club www.libs.uga.edu/media
85 Second St., 2nd Fl.
San Francisco, CA 94105 UKansas
www.sierraclub.org University of Kansas
Data drawn from repository’s Web site Kenneth Spencer Research Library
1450 Poplar Ln.
SI/NASM Lawrence, KS 66045
Smithsonian Institution spencer.lib.ku.edu
National Air and Space Museum Data drawn from secondary sources
Archives Division
Rm. 3100, MRC 322 USC
P.O. Box 37012 University of Southern California
Washington, DC 20013 Moving Image Archive
www.nasm.si.edu/research/arch/collections/- University Park
filmarchives.cfm Los Angeles, CA 90089
cinema-tv.usc.edu/archives
SI/NMAH
Smithsonian Institution Wallowa
National Museum of American History Wallowa County Museum
Archives Center MRC 601 P.O. Box 430
P.O. Box 37012 Joseph, OR 97846
Washington, DC 20013 www.co.wallowa.or.us/museum/
americanhistory.si.edu/archives/home.htm Data drawn from secondary sources

Swarthmore Weyerhaeuser
Swarthmore College Weyerhaeuser Company Archives
Peace Collection Library and Information Resources
500 College Ave. NP-190, P.O. Box 9777
Swarthmore, PA 19081 Federal Way, WA 98063
www.swarthmore.edu/Library/peace
Data drawn from secondary sources

110
 APPENDIX 4: FILMS BY DATE
1897 Admiral Cigarette, 4 1919 The End of the Road, 126
[Columbia Bicycles Advertising Film], 89 Heads Win, 176
Hotel Del Monte, 188 Wohelo, 438

1901 [Stockyards Series], 367 1920s The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, 88
Tribune-American Dream Picture, 406
1903 [National Cash Register Films], 280
1920 Gift of Life, 161
1904 Westinghouse Works, 430 Journeys Through the Valley, 216
The Making of an American, 249
1910 The Man Who Learned, 253 Slidertown, 360
The Stenographer’s Friend: Striking Tires, 371
or, What Was Accomplished Unhooking the Hookworm, 418
by an Edison Business Phonograph, 364
1921 From Trees to Tribunes, 157
1911 The Awakening of John Bond, 36 A Movie Trip Through Filmland, 275
Boil Your Water, 54
A Martyr to His Cause, 258 1923 Ask Daddy, 30
The Romance of the Reaper, 342 The Wizardry of Wireless, 437
Working for Dear Life, 440
1912 Back to the Old Farm, 38 The World Struggle for Oil, 442
Children Who Labor, 76
The Crime of Carelessness, 99 1924 It Works, 211
Hope, a Red Cross Seal Story, 187
The Public and Private Care of Infants, 1925 The Hungry Dragon, 193
329 In the Wake of the Storm, 200
The Usurer’s Grip, 422 Labor’s Reward, 218

1913 An American in the Making, 16 1926 The Passaic Textile Strike, 310
The Payroll Dollar, 311
1914 The Reward of Thrift, 337
1927 General Motors around the World, 160
1914–16 Ford Animated Weekly, 146 Now You’re Talking, 291

1915 The Cost of Carelessness, 97 1928 Accuracy First, 2

The Home Electrical, 186 Playtime, 320
The Making of a Shoe: From Cowhide Pelt
to Goodyear Welt, 48 1929 Family Album, 133
Manufacturing and Circulating a Magazine, Finding His Voice, 138
256
The Preparation of Condensed Milk, 326 1930s Day with the A.S.P.C.A., 107
A Tale of One City, 377 From Pod to Palate, 156

1916–21 Ford Educational Weekly, 147 1930 The Art of Ship Building in 1930, 28
The Eyes of Science, 130
1917 The Benefactor, 47 A Jolt for General Germ, 215
The Romance of Irrigation, 341
The Troubles of a Merchant and 1931 The Forgotten Frontier, 149
How to Stop Them, 408 In My Merry Oldsmobile, 196
A Modern Knight, 271
1918 The Golden Eaglet, 165 Not One to Spare, 290
Increasing Farm Efficiency, U.S.S. Akron, 421
or Delco Farm Lighting, 201
The Yanks Are Coming, 445

111
 Films by Date

1932 The Goodall Summertime: The Story Highlights and Shadows, 182
of Warm Weather Profits, 168 Jerry Pulls the Strings, 213
Man Against Microbe, 250 Let My People Live, 225
New Forests for Old, 285 Round and Round, 343
Steel: Man’s Servant, 363
1933 Conquest of Diphtheria, 93 Trees and Men, 405
Golden Years of Progress, 167 Yankee Doodle Goes to Town, 444

1934 Electric Ship, 122 1939 The City, 77

The Miracle of Corn, 269 Cloud in the Sky, 82
New Architecture, 283 Design for Education, 115
Once upon a Time, 296 The Green Hand, 173
Over Sapphire Seas, 307 How Motion Pictures Move and Talk,
Rhapsody in Steel, 339 191
I’ll Tell the World, 194
1935 The Courage of Kay, 98 In Tune with Tomorrow, 199
Down the Gasoline Trail, 119 Mickey’s Surprise Party, 266
Jim Stays on the Farm, 214 The Middleton Family at the New York
Love Honor and Obey (the Law), 240 World’s Fair, 267
A Study of Negro Artists, 373 Mr. Peanut and His Family Tree, 277
Three Women, 389 On to Jupiter, 294
Peter in Pruneland, 315
1936 Alaska’s Silver Millions, 9 Pete-Roleum and His Cousins, 316
Let’s Go America! America Yesterday, Today, School, 347
and Tomorrow, 226 Television: An RCA Presentation, 382
Master Hands, 259 Thrills for You, 390
Men and Machines, 263 United Action Means Victory, 418
On the Firing Line, 293
A Study of Educational Inequities 1940 And So They Live, 22
in South Carolina, 372 Art in the Negro Schools, 27
We Drivers, 427 Blame It on Love, 53
Boy in Court, 57
1937 Birth of a Baby, 51 Breakfast Pals, 60
Boulder Dam: The Pictorial Record of Man’s Calhoun School, the Way to a
Conquest of the Colorado River, 56 Better Future, 67
Bridging San Francisco Bay, 63 Camp Wo-Chi-Ca, 68
Buy at Home Campaign, 66 A Case of Spring Fever, 72
A Coach for Cinderella, 83 The Children Must Learn, 75
Daylighting the Padres Trail, 108 A Continent Is Bridged, 95
Electrifying New York, 123 Day after Day, 106
Ford Rouge Plant, 148 Eastin Film Presents, 121
From Dawn to Sunset, 154 Goodbye, Mr. Germ, 169
Frontiers of the Future: A Screen Editorial Land of the Free, 219
with Lowell Thomas, 159 Leave It to Roll-Oh, 224
Heads Up Baseball, 175 Look to Lockheed for Leadership, 235
People of the Cumberland, 313 Manhattan’s Traffic Problem, 255
Singing Wheels, 357 Men and Dust, 262
Wheels across Africa, 431 Municipal Services, 278
One-Tenth of a Nation, 298
1938 Back of the Mike, 37 People Come First, 312
Baseball, 41 Portrait of a Library, 322
Behind the Cup, 43 The Power behind the Nation, 323
Behind the Scenes at Hutzler’s, 45 Symphony in F, 375
Boy Meets Dog, 58 To New Horizons, 399
The Candid Camera, 69 Valley Town, 423
Conquest of the Hudson, 94 The Year’s Work, 446
An Evening with Edgar A. Guest, 129 Your Town: A Story of America, 452

112
 Films by Date

1941 The Co-ops Are Comin’, 96 1947 Behind Your Radio Dial, 46
Hampton Institute Presents Its Program Brotherhood of Man, 65
of Education for Life, 174 Candy and Nutrition, 70
Listen: It’s FM, 230 Crossroads for America, 100
The Machine: Master or Slave?, 241 Death to Weeds, 111
Managing the Family Income, 254 Florida: Wealth or Waste?, 141
A Place to Live, 319 Just Imagine, 217
Saint Paul Police Detectives and Their Work: Looking Ahead Through
A Color Chartoon, 344 Rohm & Haas Plexiglas, 237
This Amazing America, 384 Party Lines, 309
Unfinished Rainbows, 416 Pueblo Boy, 330
United We Are Invincible, 420 Seed for Tomorrow, 352
Table Manners, 376
1942 A Child Went Forth, 74
Close Harmony, 81 1948 Democracy’s Diary, 113
Command Performance, 90 Enterprise, 127
A Great Railroad at Work, 171 Feeling All Right, 136
New York Calling, 287 Food Freezing in Tennessee, 142
To Market, to Market, 398 The Great Swindle, 172
A Letter from America, 227
1943 As the Twig Is Bent, 29 Letter to a Rebel, 228
Sightseeing at Home, 356 Los Angeles: “City of Destiny,” 238
Teen Togs, 380 Louisiana Story, 239
To Each Other, 396 Make Mine Freedom, 246
Turn of the Tide, 410 The New California, 284
You Can, Too, 448 The Things People Want, 383
Unfinished Business, 415
1944 The Bridge, 62 Wings to Cuba and the Caribbean, 435
Hidden Harvest, 180
1949 Adventure in Telezonia, 5
1945 Clean Waters, 80 An Equal Chance, 128
The Dawn of Better Living, 105 For Some Must Watch, 145
The House I Live In, 189 For the Living, 143
The March of Progress, 257 Industry’s Disinherited, 204
Not by Books Alone, 289 Meet King Joe, 260
The Open Door: The Story of Foreman Mobile Telephones, 270
Jim Baxter, His Family, and His Job, 299 Palmour Street, 308
Original Films of Frank B. Gilbreth, 305 The Price of Freedom, 327
17 Days: The Story of Newspaper History Seminoles of the Everglades, 353
in the Making, 354 Stepping Along with Television, 365
Technicolor for Industrial Films, 379
1946 America Sails the Seas, 12
The Color of a Man, 86 1950s Industry on Parade, 203
Deadline for Action, 110 Trisonic Design, 407
The Doctor in Industry: The Story
of Kenneth W. Randall, M.D., 118 1950 Activity Group Therapy, 3
For the Record, 144 Albert in Blunderland, 10
Long Distance, 234 The American Cowboy, 13
Mainline U.S.A., 245 And Then There Were Four, 24
An Old Chinese Proverb: One Picture Is Angry Boy, 26
Worth 10,000 Words, 292 Breast Self-Examination, 61
One World or None, 297 Fallen Eagle, 132
The Story of Menstruation, 369 Give Us This Day, 162
Time Is Life, 392 In Our Hands, 197
Today’s News, Tomorrow’s Men, 401 Last Date, 223
The Magic Key, 244

113
 Films by Date

The Steps of Age, 366 Treasure in a Garbage Can, 404

This Is Life, 386 We Saw It Happen, 428
24 Hours of Progress, 411 Working and Playing to Health, 439
With These Hands, 436
1954 Airport America, 8
1951 American Harvest, 15 500,000 to 1, 139
And Ten Thousand More, 23 Freedom to Learn, 153
American Harvest, 15 Give Yourself the Green Light, 163
Big Idea, 50 The House in the Middle, 190
The Clean Look, 79 International Maple, 210
Fears of Children, 135 It’s Everybody’s Business, 212
The Home Economics Story, 185 Making Films That Teach, 247
How to Catch a Cold, 192 Man to Man, 252
The Inner Man Steps Out, 208 Memo to Mars, 261
Living Unlimited, 233 The Secret of Selling the Negro, 351
The Nation at Your Fingertips, 279 Tomorrow’s Drivers, 402
Philadelphia: On the March, 317
Portrait of a City, 321 1955 Boy with a Knife, 59
Subject: Narcotics, 374 The Days of Our Years, 109
Target USA, 378 Freedom of the American Road, 152
This Is Your Police Department, 388 The Magic Bond, 242
Time-Lapse Photography, 393 Neighborhood Story, 281
United 6534, 419 Production 5118, 328
A Voice Shall Be Heard, 425 The Sound of a Stone, 361
Working Together: A Case History The Story of Bubble Gum, 368
in Labor-Management Cooperation, 441 Two Yosemites, 412
The World That Nature Forgot, 443
1952 All My Babies: A Midwife’s Own Story, 11
Communication and Interaction 1956 Adventuring in the Arts, 6
in Three Families, 91 Bananas? Si, Señor!, 40
Ellis in Freedomland, 125 The Best Made Plans, 48
Flight to the Future—to the World The Big City, 49
of Plastics, 140 A City Decides, 78
Freedom and Power, 150 Color and Texture in Aluminum Finishes, 85
Going Places, 164 Design for Dreaming, 114
The High Wall, 181 Destination Earth, 116
The Living City, 232 The Dynamic American City, 120
Midwest Holiday, 268 Freedom Highway, 151
More Than Meets the Eye, 274 Highway Hearing, 184
Telegram for America, 381 The Living Circle, 231
This Is Our City, 387 Mr. B Natural, 276
A Tupperware Home Party, 409 Once upon a Honeymoon, 295
You Can Take It with You, 447 Operation Hourglass, 301
Young Man’s Fancy, 449 Opportunities Unlimited, 303
Our Mr. Sun, 306
1953 A Is for Atom, 1 The Quiet Revolution, 333
American Frontier, 14 6½ Magic Hours, 358
The American Road, 18 The Story of Television, 370
The Baltimore Plan, 39 Tornado, 403
Decision for Chemistry, 112 Unconditional Surrender, 414
Farm Petroleum Safety, 134 Walk to Freedom, 426
Highway by the Sea, 183
Look to the Land, 236 1957 The Atom Comes to Town, 33
Mental Hospital, 265 Behind the Freedom Curtain, 44
Molly Grows Up, 272 Dial S for Service, 117
New Neighbor, 286 Hemo the Magnificent, 178

114
 Films by Date

In the Suburbs, 198 Perversion for Profit, 314

The Information Machine, 205 The Purple Turtle, 332
The Magic Cup, 243 Search into Darkness, 348
The Man in the Doorway, 251 Why Braceros?, 433
A Moon Is Born, 273 The Your Name Here Story, 450
The Ordeal of Thomas Moon, 304
Power for Progress, 324 1963 The Age of Curiosity, 7
The Relaxed Wife, 336 Century 21 Calling, 73
San Francisco, 345 The David Hall Story, 104
Your Share in Tomorrow, 451 Heritage of Splendor, 179
We’ll Never Turn Back, 429
1958 American Look, 17 Wheels of Tragedy, 432
Bitter Welcome, 52
Colorado Cares, 87 1964 From Here to There!, 155
Crowded Out, 101 The Inheritance, 207
1104 Sutton Road, 124 Red Asphalt, 334
Fibers and Civilizations, 137 The Searching Eye, 349
Hear Now, 177 This Is Hormel, 385
The Image of a Man, 195 To Be Alive!, 395
Life of the Molds, 229 To the Fair, 400
Men with Cars, 264 The Vanishing Frontier, 424
The New Age of Architecture, 282
1965 The Front Line, 158
1959 Bay at the Moon, 42 Steel and America, 362
Carving Magic, 71
Factory Farms, 131 1966 Anarchy, U.S.A., 20
Good-Bye, Mr. Roach, 170 The Atom and Eve, 32
Ingenuity in Action, 206 Coffee House Rendezvous, 84
Inside Test City, U.S.A., 209 The Purple Martin Story, 331
The Last Clear Chance, 222 San Francisco Bay, 346
Pittsburgh, 318 A Time for Burning, 391
Rhapsody of Steel, 340
Skyscraper, 359 1967 1999 A.D., 288
Ulcer at Work, 413 The Redwoods, 335

1959–60 Americans at Work, 19 1968 Incredible Machine, 202

Why Man Creates, 434
1960 Ask Me, Don’t Tell Me, 31
Booked for Safekeeping, 55 1969 Operator, 302
The Golden Years, 166 RFD Greenwich Village, 338
Land of White Alice, 220
Seconds for Survival, 350 1970 Communists on Campus, 92

1961 Autopsy on Operation Abolition, 35 1972 Brink of Disaster, 64

Dance Little Children, 103
Language of Faces, 221 1975 Shake Hands with Danger, 355
Operation Correction, 300
Time Out for Trouble, 394 1976 To Fly!, 397

1962 Anatomy of a Lie, 21 1977 Powers of Ten, 325

And Women Must Weep, 25
Cry for Help, 102 1980 Attack on the Americas, 34

115
INDEX OF SUBJECTS, PLACES, AND ORGANIZATIONS
This index covers all sponsors and production companies cited in the credits section of the
film entries. Corporate names based on a personal name are listed surname first. For exam-
ple, the productions by Saul Bass & Associates are grouped under “Bass (Saul) & Associates.”
Most films are also indexed by the industrial or business sector of the sponsor as well as by
the subject matter or theme. In addition, some titles are indexed by film type. The general
heading “industries” brings together most of the manufacturing and business areas repre-
sented in The Field Guide. Thus, users are directed to the entry for On the Firing Line (entry
293) by the heading “industries—railroad” as well as by such other headings as “African
Americans—health issues”; “public health”; “railroads”; “travelogues—1930s”; and “tuber-
culosis.” Numbers refer to the entry numbers.

Cities and towns are included when they figure prominently in the film. Such localities are
grouped under the state name. Case studies of civil engineering projects, hospitals, parks, or
schools are listed directly under the name of the entity being profiled. Films known to have
been shown at World’s Fairs are brought together under the heading “World’s Fairs” and
subdivided by the date and city of the exposition. Some alternate titles are also indexed.

For key word access, the reader can search the PDF file of The Field Guide available online
at the National Film Preservation Foundation Web site, www.filmpreservation.org.

AC Transit, 257 airports, 8, 155, 358

Academy Awards, 78, 232, 239, 319, 335, Alabama, 67
359, 391, 395, 434, 436 Alaska, 9, 220
Academy Films, 100 Alaska Dept. of Public Health, 252
ACI Productions, 332 Albert (Eddie) Productions, 309, 441
Admiral Cigarette, 4 Alexander Productions, 311
Advertising Federation of America, 167 Aluminum Co. of America (Alcoa), 85, 416
advertising industry, 167, 194, 198, 209, aluminum industry, 85, 340, 416, 434
244, 274, 292, 303, 351, 398, 444 Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America,
Aetna Casualty and Surety Co., 29 207
Affiliated Aetna Life Cos., Motion Picture Amerada Petroleum Corp., 14
Bureau, 29 American Assn. of Advertising Agencies, 167
Affiliated Film Producers, 14, 26, 52, 229, American Bankers’ Assn., 337
252, 439 American Can Co., 9, 213
Africa, 431 American Cancer Society, 61, 392
African Americans American Civil Liberties Union of Northern
and the arts, 27, 373 California, 300
and churches, 86, 391 American Comm. on Maternal Welfare, 51
as consumers, 351 American Crayon Co., 332
as workers, 11, 128 American Cyanamid Co., 251
education of, 27, 67, 86, 174, 298, 372 American Documentary Films, 77, 115
health issues, 11, 136, 225, 293, 308 American Federation of Labor (AFL), 19,
voter registration of, 429 218, 258, 418
See also integration; racial and ethnic American Federation of Labor–Congress of
relations Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), 19
aging, 366 American Film Assembly, 18, 134, 439
Agrafilms, 101, 153 American Film Center, 298, 347
agriculture. See farms and ranches; rural American Film Festival, 102, 202
life; and specif ic foods American Friends Service Comm., 31, 221
airlines, 117, 155, 358, 419, 435 American Institute of Planners, 77

116
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

American Iron and Steel Institute, 362 art, 6, 27, 332, 373
American Lead Pencil Co., 441 Associated Exposition Designers, 315
American League of Professional Baseball Assn. of American Medical Colleges, 11
Clubs, 175 Assn. of American Railroads, 245
American Meat Institute, 386 Assn. of National Advertisers, 167
American Missionary Assn., 86 astronomy, 306, 325
American Mutoscope & Biograph Co., 280, AT&T. See American Telephone &
430 Telegraph Co.
American Oil Corp. (AMOCO), 264 Atlas Educational Film Co., 448
American Petroleum Institute Atlas Film Corp., 139
Agriculture Comm., 134 atomic power. See nuclear power
Oil Industry Information Comm., 14, Audio Cinema, 250
116, 411 Audio Productions, 61, 148, 159, 167, 226,
American Red Cross, 187, 378 240, 263, 267, 279, 296, 339, 350, 375,
American Security Council Foundation, 34 452
American Social Hygiene Assn., 126, 161 Automatic Voting Machine Co., 44
American Society for the Prevention of automobile companies
Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), 107 animated advertisements, 72, 83, 119,
American Society of Industrial Designers, 196, 199
17 design, manufacturing, and operations,
American Telephone & Telegraph Co. (AT&T), 17, 114, 118, 148, 154, 160, 199,
5, 73, 95, 178, 202, 217, 234, 279, 291, 259, 339, 375, 383
295, 302, 306, 309, 350, 365 driver education and highway advocacy,
American Theatre, 406 18, 152, 163, 402, 427
American Transit Assn., 312 economic perspective of, 15, 154, 343
Americanization, 16, 227, 249 future, vision of, 114, 224, 294, 399
And a Voice Shall Be Heard, 425 isolationism, 219
Animal Checkers, 180 news and travelogue sponsorship, 146,
animated films 147, 183, 330, 431
pre-1930, 133, 138, 146, 161, 193, 275, relations with labor, 154, 299, 418
291, 371 truck and heavy equipment, 333, 357
1930s, 58, 83, 119, 191, 196, 199, 215, war mobilization, 81
266, 277, 296, 315, 316, 339, 343, 427 Automobile Manufacturers Assn., Motor Truck
1940s, 60, 65, 72, 105, 169, 217, 246, Comm., 357
260, 261, 344, 369, 375, 446 automobile racing, 206, 264
1950s, 1, 10, 40, 116, 178, 192, 205, 212, aviation, 159, 235, 397, 407, 421, 428, 445
231, 233, 273, 303, 306, 340, 443 See also airlines; airports
1960s, 362
See also puppets
annual report (on film), 49, 216, 446 Babcock & Wilcox Co., 56
antibiotics, 229 Baden Street Settlement, 281
anticommunism, 20, 34, 35, 50, 92, 100, Bakelite Co., 140
231, 300, 327, 361 Ball Brothers Co., 448
Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith, 181, Baltimore Redevelopment Commission, 39
189 bananas, 40, 231
Anti-Narcotic League of America, 374 Bank of America, 284
Apex Film Corp., 327 banking, securities, and financial services, 9,
Appalachia, 22, 75, 149, 313, 424 254, 284, 337, 422, 451
apparel industry, 127, 168, 207, 338, 436 baseball, 41, 175
Architectural Forum, 282 Bass (Saul) & Associates, 155, 349, 434
architecture, 17, 282, 283 Bausch and Lomb Optical Co., 130
Arizona, Phoenix, 402 Bay State Film Productions, 32
Armour & Co., 79, 367 Bell & Howell Co., 191
Arrow shirts, 127 Bethlehem Steel Co., 359

117
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

bicycles, 89 CBS Radio Network, 274

billboards, 398 censorship, 314
Birch (John) Society, 20 Central State Hospital, 265
Blaché Screen Service, 66 Centron Productions, 103, 355, 361
Black Panthers, 92 Chamber of Commerce of the United States,
Borden Condensed Milk Co., 326 33, 120, 212, 244
Borg-Warner Corp., 197 Champion Paper & Fibre Co., 124, 328
Boulder Dam, 56 Checkerboard Feed Co., 180
bowling, 166 chemical industry, 111, 112, 137, 170, 184,
breakfast cereals, 41, 60, 269, 446 251, 434, 443
broadcasting, 3, 46, 159, 177, 274, 356, 370, Chemstrand Corp., 137
382 Chevrolet Motor Co., 72, 83, 119, 224, 259.
Brooklyn Institution for Safety, 97 See also General Motors Corp., Chevrolet Div.
Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co., 97 Chicago Plan Commission, 377
Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co., 166 Chicago Tribune, 157
bubble gum, 368 child care, 74, 329
Bureau of Commercial Economics, 176, 248, children, 29, 347, 402
256, 326 and art, 6, 332
Burlington Railway, 341 as consumers, 398
Burstyn (Joseph) Film Enterprises, 359 as workers, 76, 401
buses and streetcars, 97, 151, 164, 384. See films for, 5, 30, 97, 169, 193
also public transportation recreational needs of, 320
psychological problems and treatment of,
3, 26, 135, 413
Calhoun School, 67 See also camps, summer; education
California, 108, 131, 152, 257, 284, 311, 433 Christmas Seals, 187
Los Angeles, 23, 24, 109, 238, 283, 324, Christophers, the, 314
404 Christy Associates, 376
Monterey, 188 Chrysler Corp.
San Francisco, 31, 43, 345 Dodge Div., 219, 431
San Jose, 216 Plymouth Div., 199
Yosemite, 412 cigarettes. See tobacco industry
California Highway Patrol, 334 Cincinnati Junior Chamber of Commerce, 387
California Prune Growers Assn., 315 Citizens Development Comm., 387
California-Oregon Power Co., 214 Citizens for Decent Literature, 314
Calvin Communications, 242, 403, 450 city planning, 77, 311, 317, 377
cameras, 69, 182 Civic Films, 77
Camp Wo-Chi-Ca, 68 civil defense, 190, 378, 425. See also United
Camp Wohelo, 438 States—military
camps, summer, 68, 74, 438 civil engineering projects, 56, 63, 94
Campus Film Productions, 3 civil rights movement, 20, 426, 429
cancer, 61, 392 Clemson College Extension Service, 170
candy and gum, 70, 368 Cleveland Film Council, 223
Capra (Frank) Productions, 178, 306 Cleveland Film Festival, 246
Caravel Films, 58, 127, 168, 213, 365 Clinton Normal and Industrial College, 372
Carnegie Corporation of New York, 77 Cluett, Peabody & Co., 127
Carousel Films, 9 coal, 323
Cartoon Films Ltd., 60 Coalition for Peace Through Strength, 34
cartoons. See animated films cockroaches, 170
cash registers, 280, 408 coffee, 43, 84, 213, 243
Castle Films, 108, 191, 269 Coffee Information Service, 84
Cate & McGlone, 419 Cold War, 34, 50, 190, 327, 350, 378. See also
Catechetical Guild, 35 anticommunism; economic education films
Caterpillar Tractor Co., 355 colds, 192

118
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

colleges and universities, 27, 64, 92, 115, 173, Detroit Philharmonic Orchestra, 259
174, 185, 380 Detroit Police Dept., 388
Collier’s, 444 Dial soap, 79
Colorado, 13 Dialfilms, 106
Mesa County, 87 dictation equipment, 364
Pueblo, 88 diesel engines, 301
Colorado Fuel and Iron Co., 88 Dinosaur National Monument, 412
Colorado State Dept. of Public Health, 87 diphtheria, 93, 250
Columbia Bicycles, 89 dirigibles, 421
Columbia Broadcasting System, 274 disaster relief, 200
Columbia Foundation, 181 Disney (Walt) Productions, 105, 192, 266,
communications, workplace, 124, 328 362, 369
computers and computing, 202, 205, 273, Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line,
288, 325. See also factory automation 350
confection and nut industry, 70, 277, 368 doctors, 93, 118, 169, 304, 336, 413
Congregational Christian Churches, 86 Documentary Film Productions, 62, 75, 319,
Conn (C.G.) Ltd., 276 423, 446
Connecticut (State of ) Dept. of Dodge. See Chrysler Corp—Dodge Div.
Americanization, 249 Dow Chemical Co., 48, 111, 184
Connecticut Yankee Atomic Power Co., 32 Dowling and Brownell, 56, 405
Conoco, 397 drug abuse, 374
conservation, 141, 179, 236, 251, 285, 331, Dudley Pictures Corp., 59, 109, 245
335, 346, 412 DuPont (E.I.) deNemours & Co., 212
Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, 123 Dying Frontier, The, 424
construction industry, 56, 333, 355, 359 Dynamic Films, 183, 243
consumer behavior, 195, 209, 303, 351
cookies, 266
Cooperative League of the United States of Eames Studio, 205, 325
America, 96, 410 East Harlem Health Center, 211
co-operatives, 96, 173, 210, 410, 422 Eastin 16mm Pictures, 121
corn, 269 Eastman Kodak Co., 182, 275, 349
Cornell Films Co., 378 Eastman School of Music Symphony
Coronet Pictures, 417 Orchestra, 182
correspondence schools, 176 Echo Park Dam, 412
Cotton Producers Assn., 338 economic education films, 10, 15, 50, 116,
Council of California Growers, 433 154, 172, 197, 212, 244, 246, 260, 263,
Courier Productions, 293 337, 343, 357, 411, 422, 451, 452
cowboys, 13 economic redevelopment, 120, 127, 317, 318.
Craftsman Motion Picture Co., 255 See also urban renewal
creativity, 6, 74, 332, 434 Edison Electric Institute, 98, 449
crime, 29, 271, 344, 374. See also juvenile Edison General Electric Appliance Co., 53
delinquency Edison (Thomas A.) Inc., 4, 36, 76, 99, 187,
Cummins Engine Co., 301 188, 248, 253, 329, 364, 422
Curtis Publishing Co., 256 education
customer service, 117, 234 adult and vocational, 16, 67, 173, 313
at summer camps, 68, 74, 438
economic improvement through, 16, 22,
Davis (Sid) Productions, 206 67, 75, 176, 249
Dayton-Wright Airplane Co., 445 higher, 27, 115, 173, 174, 185
DeFrenes Studios, 169 in the South, 67, 75, 298, 313, 372
Delco, 201 K–12, 78, 101, 332, 347, 361, 402
Democratic National Comm., 442 See also colleges and universities
Depression, Great, 290 Educational Films Assn., 377
business response to, 159, 226, 343, 444 electric lighting, 47, 105, 201

119
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

electrical equipment companies Florida Resources–Use Education Project, 141

and broadcasting, 230, 356, 435, 437 food canning, 9, 156, 448
and farm electrification, 201 food preparation and storage, 53, 71, 266,
and sewage treatment, 80 389, 409, 448, 449
corporate identity, 47, 150, 430 food processing and manufacturing 9, 41, 60,
future, vision of, 267, 288 142, 156, 213, 266, 269, 326, 446
home appliance promotion, 32, 53, 98, Ford Motor Co., 13, 18, 146, 147, 148, 152,
105, 125, 186, 233, 288, 389, 449 183, 216, 321, 330, 339, 375
maritime products, 122 Tractor and Implement Div., 333
electrical power industry, 1, 32, 33, 123, 214, Foreign Policy Assn., 62
449 forests and forestry, 157, 285, 335, 405
Employers Mutual of Wausau, 104 Fortune, 303
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, 39, 232, 236, free enterprise, 10, 50, 100, 116, 150, 197,
247 212, 246, 267, 343, 411
Enders (Robert J.) Inc., 190 Freedoms Foundation awards, 1, 10, 17, 18,
environmental science. See conservation; 39, 127, 151, 197, 212, 227, 244, 246, 268,
garbage; insecticides and herbicides; pollu- 327, 328, 436
tion; sewage treatment Friendship Baptist College, 372
Eshbaugh (Ted) Studios, 277 Frigidaire, 233
Esquire, 195 Frontier Films, 313, 418
Essanay Film Mfg. Co., 38, 408 Frontier Nursing Service, 149
etiquette, 5, 291, 309, 376 frozen foods, 142
Everglades National Park, 353 fruit industry, 40, 231, 315
Fund for the Republic, 78
“Futurama,” 294, 399
factory automation, 241, 263, 423 Future Farmers of America, 173
Fairbanks (Jerry) Productions, 64, 73, 151, future, visions of, 73, 77, 114, 159, 186, 224,
292, 295 226, 233, 237, 241, 267, 288, 294, 399, 443
Falk Foundation, 246
families and family life, 48, 75, 91, 109, 135,
166, 167, 194, 198, 254, 267, 290, 308 Ganz (William J.) Co., 90, 370
farm equipment, 38, 200, 342 garbage, 179, 404
farm workers, 87, 131, 433 Geisel (Robert K.) Studios, 104
farms and ranches, 13, 38, 75, 134, 162, 173, gender roles, 32, 48, 53, 71, 79, 125, 185,
180, 200, 201, 214, 342, 352, 386, 403 233, 267, 295, 336, 449
Fellowship Films, 426 General Education Board, 298
Fellowship of Reconciliation, 426 General Electric Co., 1, 47, 80, 122, 150,
Fields (Sid) Productions, 92 164, 186, 208, 230, 356, 389, 425, 437
Fifth Avenue Coach Co., 420 General Mills Co., 41, 446
Fight Blight Fund, 39 General Motors Corp., 81, 114, 118, 399,
Filene (Edward A.) Goodwill Fund, 410 418, 427
Film Associates, 298 Chevrolet Div., 15, 17, 37, 154, 383, 402
Film Counselors, 116, 411 Export Co., 160
Film Documents, 366 Fisher Body Div., 175
Film Originals, 8 Frigidaire Div., 233
firearms, 30, 42 Public Relations Dept., 163, 294, 299,
fires, 99, 134, 320 343
fishing, 9, 410 See also Chevrolet Motor Co.
Flaherty (Robert) Productions, 239 General Outdoor Advertising Co., 398
Fleer (Frank H.) Corp., 368 General Petroleum Corp., 24
Fleischer Studios, 196, 215 Gentron Productions, 25
Florida, 141 Georgia
Everglades, 353 Buchanan, 127
Sebring, 264 Gainesville, 308

120
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Georgia Agricultural Extension Service, 380 Hotpoint appliances, 53

Georgia Dept. of Public Health, 11, 308 household appliances, 32, 53, 98, 105, 125,
Gerald Productions, 304 186, 233, 267, 288, 389, 449
Girl Scouts of America, 6, 165 household cleaning and personal care products,
GlaxoSmithKline, 304 58, 215, 272, 395
Good Neighbor Policy, 62. See also Latin Household Finance Corp., 129, 254
America housing, 23, 39, 77, 143, 189, 317, 319, 447
Goodall Worsted Co., 168 human body and vision, 178, 349, 440
Goodrich (B.F.) Rubber Co., 240, 371 hunting, 42
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 227, 421 Hutzler’s, 45
government, citizen participation in, 44, 110,
172, 184, 387, 429
Great Benefactor, The, 47 I Wish I Could, Kathy, 101
“green towns,” 77 IBM Corp., 205, 273, 325
Greyhound Lines, 151, 384 Illinois, Chicago, 181, 232, 367, 377, 398
Griggsville Wild Bird Society, 331 Illinois Dept. of Public Health, 181
grooming, 79 Illinois Dept. of Public Information, 181
Guggenheim (Charles) & Associates, 49, 78 Illinois Dept. of Public Welfare, 439
Illinois Steel Co., 16
IMAX, 397
Hampton Institute, 174 immigration, 16, 227, 249, 433
Handy (Jam) Organization Impact Films, 35
1920s, 160 Indian Film Co., 157
1930s, 37, 63, 83, 119, 129, 154, 180, Indiana, 21, 25, 200
259, 343, 427 industrial design, 17, 85, 237
1940s, 72, 81, 111, 118, 171, 217, 224, industrial film parody, 450
237, 254, 299, 383, 396, 398, 399, 415 industrial health, 118, 262
1950s, 15, 17, 163, 286, 388, 402, 449 industries, 203
1960s, 166 advertising, 167, 194, 195, 198, 209,
Harding College, 10, 64, 92, 246, 260 244, 274, 292, 303, 351, 398, 444
Harman (Hugh) Productions, 257 airline, 117, 155, 358, 419, 435
Harmon Foundation, 27, 67, 69, 96, 174, 290, aluminum, 85, 416, 434
372, 373, 410 apparel, 127, 168, 207, 338, 436
Hartley Productions, 435 automobile, 15, 17, 18, 72, 81, 83, 114,
heavy equipment, 38, 200, 301, 333, 342, 355 118, 119, 146, 147, 148, 152, 154,
Henry Street Visiting Nursing Service, 106 160, 163, 183, 196, 199, 219, 224,
Hessian Hills School, 347 259, 294, 299, 330, 333, 339, 343,
Higgins (Alfred) Productions, 179 375, 383, 399, 402, 418, 427, 431
Highlander Folk School, 313 aviation, 8, 159, 235, 397, 407, 421, 428,
Highway Safety Foundation, 432 445
highways and roads, 18, 24, 151, 152, 163, banking, securities, and financial services,
164, 179, 183, 184, 255, 261, 268, 270, 129, 254, 284, 337, 422, 451
312, 357, 399. See also safety films—driver broadcasting, 37, 46, 159, 177, 274, 356,
and pedestrian 370, 382
Hills Brothers Coffee Co., 43 bus, 151, 384
Hofheimer (Nathan) Foundation, 3 cash register, 280, 408
Holmes (Burton) Films, 41 chemical, 111, 112, 137, 170, 184, 251,
home economics, 71, 185, 381, 448 443
hookworms, 417 computer, 202, 205, 273, 288, 325
Hoover Dam, 56 confection and nut, 70, 277, 368
Hormel Co., 385 construction, 56, 333, 355, 359
hospitals, 252, 265, 439 electrical equipment, 47, 53, 80, 98, 105,
Hot Rod, 206 122, 125, 150, 186, 201, 230, 233,
hotels, 188 267, 288, 356, 389, 425, 430, 437

121
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

industries (continued) Institute of Life Insurance, 145

electrical power, 1, 32, 33, 56, 123, 214, insurance, 29, 93, 104, 145, 223, 250, 296,
403, 449 440
firearms, 42 integration, 68, 78, 128. See also racial and
fishing, 9, 410 ethnic relations
food processing and manufacturing, 9, 41, intellectual freedom, 153, 361
60, 142, 156, 213, 266, 269, 326, 446 International Assn. of Machinists, 21, 25
heavy equipment, 38, 200, 301, 333, 342, International Cellucotton Products Co., 369
355 International Correspondence Schools, 176
household cleaning and personal care International Film Foundation, 86, 135, 145,
products, 58, 79, 215, 272, 369, 395 301, 392, 451
insurance, 29, 93, 104, 145, 223, 250, International Grand Prix, 264
296, 440 International Harvester Co., 38, 200, 342
maritime, 12, 28, 122, 307, 410 International Health Board, 417
meatpacking and processing, 50, 71, 79, International Ladies Garment Workers Union,
367, 385, 386 436
mining, 262, 313, 323, 363 international relations, 34, 62. See also trade,
motion picture, 121, 237, 247, 275, 292, international
379, 450 International Workers Aid, 310
musical instrument, 276 interstate highway system, 152, 163, 184, 261
nuclear power, 1, 32, 33 inventors and inventions, 47, 95, 150, 233,
paint, 190 294, 342
paper, 124, 328 Iowa State College, 185
petroleum, 14, 24, 116, 134, 139, 179, Ipana toothpaste, 58
238, 239, 264, 268, 316, 348, 397, isolationism, 219
411, 442
pharmaceutical, 58, 229, 304, 336, 414
photographic and optical equipment, 69, Jewish Board of Guardians, 3
130, 182, 275, 349 Johnson Publishing Co., 351
plastics, 140, 237, 409, 443 Johnson (S.C.) & Son, 395
publishing, 7, 113, 157, 194, 195, 198, Johnston (Bert) Productions, 387
206, 209, 256, 282, 303, 351, 354, Jones (Dallas) Productions, 48, 71
401, 406, 444 juvenile court, 57
railroad, 108, 109, 171, 188, 222, 245, juvenile delinquency, 29, 31, 57, 59
287, 293, 323, 341, 345, 390
recording, 46, 90
retail, 45, 66, 158, 380, 408 Kahlenberg, 358
shoe manufacturing, 248 Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp., 434
steel, 16, 63, 88, 197, 340, 359, 362, 363, Kaleb Film and Television Corp., 140
396, 415, 423 Kansas, 103, 262
telegraph, 2, 381 Kansas State Board of Health, 103
telephone, 5, 73, 95, 133, 138, 178, 202, Keep America Beautiful, 179
217, 220, 234, 270, 271, 279, 291, Kellman (Louis W.) Productions, 368
295, 302, 306, 309, 350, 365 Kellogg Co., 60, 269
textile and fiber, 76, 137, 168, 310 Kemper Insurance, 223
timber, 405 Kentucky, 22, 149
tire and rubber, 227, 240, 261, 371, 421 Key System, 257
tobacco, 4, 132, 353 Kimberly-Clark Corp., 192
trucking, 357 Kinesis, 91
voting machines, 44 King Screen Productions, 335
Inkwell Studios, 291 kitchens, 98, 114, 186, 233, 288, 295, 389
Inland Steel Co., 197 Kleenex tissues, 192
insecticides and herbicides, 111, 139, 170 Kling Film Productions, 276
alternatives to, 331 Knickerbocker Productions, 220, 451

122
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Knoxville News Sentinel, 401 Maryland

Kodak, 182, 275, 349 Baltimore, 39, 45
Korean War, home front, 15, 151 Greenbelt, 77
Kotex, 369 Matthews (James H.) & Co., 179
Mayer (Harold) Productions, 207
Maysles Films, 302
L de R Corp., 411 McLarty Productions, 44
labor-management relations, 100, 154, 208, meatpacking and processing industry, 50, 71,
227, 260, 299, 441, 452 79, 367, 385, 386
labor movement, 19, 144, 258, 262, 313. See Medical Arts Productions, 272
also labor-management relations; unions medicine. See doctors; mental health; nursing;
Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, 91 public health
Latin America, 435 Men Make Steel, 363
agribusiness, 40, 43, 231 menstruation, 272, 369
communist threat to, 34, 231 mental health, 3, 26, 52, 55, 91, 102, 135,
economic development of, 62 252, 265, 308, 336, 366, 394, 413, 439
law enforcement, 55, 102, 222, 278, 334, Mental Health Film Board, 26, 52, 135, 252,
344, 374, 388, 402, 432 366, 439
Lawrence (Robert) Productions, 432 merchant marine, 12
Lehn & Fink, 215 Methodist Church, 361
Leica cameras, 69 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), 10, 77, 246,
libraries, 289, 322 444
Life, 51, 303 Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 93, 250, 296,
Lincoln Tunnel, 94 440
littering, 179 Metropolitan Motion Picture Co., 175
Living World Films, 346 Mexican Americans, 82, 433
lobstering, 410 Michigan, Detroit, 321, 388
Lockheed Aircraft Corp., 235 Michigan State Dept. of Mental Health, 26, 252
Lodge (Arthur) Productions, 203 midwives, 11. See also pregnancy and childbirth
Lorillard (P.) & Co., 132, 353 migrant workers, 87, 433
Los Angeles (City of ), 404 milk, 253, 326
Housing Authority, 23 mining, 262, 313, 323, 363
Water and Power, Dept. of, 324 missiles and rockets, 273, 350
Los Angeles Community Chest, 59 Mississippi, 136, 429
Loucks & Norling Studios, 199, 316, 390 Mississippi State Board of Health, 136
Louisiana, 239 Missouri, 262
New Orleans, 55 St. Louis, 49, 78
Louisiana Assn. for Mental Health, 55, 102 Model T, 18
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co., 223 Modess sanitary napkins, 272
Lutheran Film Associates, 391 mold, 229
Lysol, 215 Monarch Foods, 156
Monsanto Chemical Co., 112, 443
Montclair Public Library, 322
Macfadden Publications, 194 More Worlds to Conquer, 416
MacGillivray-Freeman Films, 397 motion picture industry, 121, 237, 247, 275,
magazines, 7, 194, 195, 198, 206, 209, 256, 292, 379, 450
282, 303, 351, 444 Motion Picture Service Corp., 225
Maine, 168, 210, 410, 438 motion picture technology, 133, 138, 191, 275,
Maine Dept. of Agriculture, 210 379, 393
Manifest Destiny, 151, 163, 268, 399, 405 Motor Rhythm, 199
manners. See etiquette “Motorama,” 114
Manteno State Hospital, 439 Mountain States Power Co., 214
maple syrup, 210 MPO Productions, 13, 18, 42, 112, 114, 137,
March of Time, 128, 284, 425 152, 251, 443

123
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Muller, Jordan & Herrick, 33 National Tie-Ins, 213

multiscreen films, 349, 395 National Tube Works, 16
municipal and regional government–sponsored National Tuberculosis Assn., 82, 169, 225, 293
films, 23, 39, 49, 54, 94, 143, 211, 255, Native Americans, 4, 132, 330, 353
278, 289, 317, 320 322, 324, 344, 388, 404 NBC. See National Broadcasting Co.
Murphy (Owen) Productions, 202 Neal (Stanley) Productions, 79
musical instruments, 276 Nebraska, 201
Omaha, 391
Neutra (Richard) Studio, 283
Nabisco, 266 Nevada Proving Ground, 190
National Assn. for the Advancement of New Jersey Dept. of Institutions and Agencies,
Colored People, 372 252
National Assn. for the Study and Prevention New Jersey, Montclair, 322
of Tuberculosis, 36, 187 New World Productions, 181
National Assn. of Broadcasters, 177 New York
National Assn. of Manufacturers, 99, 203, New York City, 46, 94, 97, 106, 107,
226, 228, 263, 327, 452 113, 123, 143, 255, 287, 320, 338,
response to, 19, 144, 172 354, 357, 359, 378, 420
National Assn. of Mental Health, 135, 366 Oneida, 145
National Assn. of Nursery Educators, 74 Rochester, 182, 275, 281, 289
National Assn. of State Aviation Officials, 8 Syracuse, 425
National Biscuit Co. (Nabisco), 266 New York Central Railroad, 287
National Broadcasting Co. (NBC), 46, 90, 95, New York City government
112, 119, 123, 203, 287 Education, Board of, 320
National Cancer Institute, 61 Health, Dept. of, 54, 211
National Cash Register Co., 280, 360, 408 Housing Authority, 143
National Child Labor Comm., 76 Manhattan Borough President, 255
National Clean Up–Paint Up–Fix Up Bureau, Parks, Dept. of, 320
190 New York City Omnibus Corp., 420
National Coffee Assn., 243 New York Daily News, 354
National Comm. for Atomic Information, New York Milk Comm., 253
297 New York Municipal Broadcasting System,
National Comm. on Films for Safety Awards, Television-Film Unit, 143
24, 223 New York, New Haven, and Hartford
National Confectioners Assn., 70 Railroad Co., 171
National Education Assn. (NEA), 101, 153 New York Rock and Roll Ensemble, 302
National Education Program, 10, 64, 92, 246, New York State Commission Against
260 Discrimination, 128
National Farmers Union, 352 New York Stock Exchange, 451
National Federation of American Shipping, 12 New York Telephone Co., 270
National Film Registry, 11, 77, 149, 190, 239, New York Times, 113
249, 259, 325, 391, 397, 430, 434 New York Tuberculosis and Health Assn., 193
National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, 414 New York University, Educational Film
National Health Council, 440 Institute, 22, 75, 241, 423
National Industrial Council, 159, 226 New York World’s Fair 1964–65 Corp., 400
National Institute of Mental Health, 102 Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co.,
National Kindergarten Assn., 332 28
National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, News Reel Laboratory, 317
41 newspapers, 113, 157, 228, 327, 354, 401, 406
National Paint, Varnish, and Lacquer Assn., 190 Newspapers Film Corp., 160
national parks, 335, 412 newsreels, 146, 147
National Probation Assn., 57 Niles (Fred) Communications Centers, 158
National Right to Work Comm., 21, 25 Niteliters, the, 84
National Safety Council, 30, 99 Norfolk & Western Railway Co., 323

124
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

North American Air Defense Command peace movement, 221, 297, 426
(NORAD), 350 criticism of, 92
North American Aviation, 407 peanuts, 277
North Carolina, 424 Pennsylvania
North Carolina Film Board, 424 Levittown, 286, 333
North Dakota, 14 New Castle, 423
Norwood Studios, 19 Philadelphia, 317, 319
nuclear power, 1, 32, 33 Pittsburgh, 152, 318
nuclear weapons, 190, 297, 378 Pennsylvania Railroad, 390
nursing, 106, 149 Pennsylvania (State of ) Dept. of Forests and
nutrition, 70, 386 Waters, 285
personal care products, 58, 272, 369
Personal Products Corp., 272
Oakland Tribune, 406 petroleum companies
obesity, 304 campaign against litter, 179
office equipment, 17, 364 economic perspective of, 116, 316, 411
Ohio exploration and production, 14, 239, 348,
Cincinnati, 387 442
Columbus, 209 IMAX sponsorship, 397
Dayton, 280, 360 safety film sponsorship, 24, 134
Ohio State Highway Patrol, 432 travelogue sponsorship, 238, 264, 268
oil. See petroleum industry Petroleum Industry Exhibition, 316
Oklahoma, 262 Pfizer (Charles) & Co., 229, 336
Norman, 265 P.G.L. Productions, 264
Oklahoma State Dept. of Health, 135, 265 pharmaceutical industry, 58, 229, 304, 336, 414
Mental Hygiene Div., 394, 413 Philadelphia Commercial Museum, 317
Oklahoma State Dept. of Mental Health, Philadelphia Housing Assn., 319
265 Philco-Ford Corp., 288
Olds Motor Works, 196 Photo & Sound Productions, 272
On Film, 85, 198, 318, 336 photographic and optical equipment industry,
Oregon, 162 69, 130, 182, 275, 349
Enterprise, 66 photography
Portland, 278 micro-, 54, 229
Oregon Wheat Growers League, 162 time-lapse, 111, 162, 393
Oreo cookies, 266 Pittsburgh Bicentennial Assn., 318
Orleans (Sam) and Associates, 142, 401 Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, 318, 340
Osborne (Agnes) Fund, 322 Planters Nut and Chocolate Co., 277
Ott (John) Pictures, 393 plastics, 140, 237, 409, 443
playgrounds, 320
Plexiglas, 237
PacifiCorp, 214 Plymouth. See Chrysler Corp.—Plymouth Div.
paint, 190 polio, 414
“Palm Beach Suits,” 168 pollution, 80, 318
Palmer Pictures, 12 pornography, 64, 314
Pan American World Airways, 117, 358, 435 Port of New York Authority, 94
Panama-Pacific Steamship Co., 307 Portland (City of ), 278
paper industry, 124, 328 Post (Emily) Institute, 376
Paragon Pictures, 447 pregnancy and childbirth, 11, 51, 149
parent-teacher associations, 101, 361 price controls, 172
Passaic Strike Relief Comm., 310 probation system, 57
pasteurization, 253 Progressive Education Assn., 347
Pathé Frères, 54, 320 Promotional Films Co., 436
Pathéscope Productions, 107, 208 prunes, 315
Peabody Awards, 203 psychiatry. See mental health

125
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Public Affairs Films, 144, 352 Rochester Public Library, 289

public health, 36, 51, 54, 61, 82, 87, 93, 103, Rockefeller Center, 46, 287, 382
106, 126, 136, 161, 169, 187, 192, 193, Rockefeller Foundation, 67, 298, 417
211, 225, 250, 253, 262, 293, 329, 392, Roerig (J.B.) & Co., 336
414, 417, 440 Rohm & Haas Co., 237
public housing. See housing Ross (Frank) Productions Ltd., 189
Public Relations Society of America, 328 Rothacker Film Manufacturing Co., 218, 360
public schools, 78, 101, 153, 276, 361, 372, rural life, 11, 13, 14, 22, 38, 42, 67, 75, 134,
402 149, 162, 173, 180, 200, 201, 214, 290,
public transportation, 97, 164, 257, 312, 420 313, 341, 352, 380, 403, 424
public utilities. See utilities
publishing industry, 7, 113, 157, 194, 195,
198, 206, 209, 256, 282, 303, 351, 354, safety films
401, 406, 444 airline, 419
puppets, 5, 193, 213, 309, 315, 316, 375 child and home, 30, 320, 394
driver and pedestrian, 24, 97, 104, 222,
223, 240, 296, 334, 402, 427, 432
Quest Productions, 391 farm, 134
industrial and workplace, 16, 99, 109,
118, 249, 355, 410
racial and ethnic relations, 65, 86, 128, 181, Sage (Russell) Foundation, 329, 422
189, 372, 391, 426, 429. See also integration sales promotion films, 125, 168, 383, 409
radio, 37, 46, 177, 220, 230, 270, 274, 425, salmon, 9
437 San Francisco Bay, 345, 346
Radio Corp. of America (RCA), 370, 382 San Francisco International Film Festival
Ragan (Philip) Associates, 297 awards, 31, 359
railroads, 108, 109, 171, 188, 222, 245, 287, San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, 63, 257
293, 323, 341, 345, 390 San Jose Chamber of Commerce, 216
Ralston Purina Co., 180 Sanford Mills, 168
RCA Victor Corp., 90 Santa Fe Railway, 345
Reader’s Digest, 158, 209 Sarah Lawrence College, 115
Realfilm Productions, 68 Saran wrap, 48
recordings, sound, 46, 90, 364 Sarra Inc., 351
recycling, 404 satellites, 273
Redbook, 198 Save San Francisco Bay Assn., 346
Redwood National Park, 335 Schlumberger Ltd., 348
Reed (Roland) Productions, 24, 125, 363 science education films, 1, 178, 229, 306, 325
Reel Fellows, 334 science fiction, 116, 261
Regional Plan Assn. of San Francisco Bay scouting, 6, 165
Counties, 311 Sears, Roebuck Foundation, 173
Reid, Murdoch & Co., 156 Seeley Studios, 258
Religious Film Assn., 27 Selig Polyscope Co., 367
religious groups, films by, 31, 35, 86, 181, 189, Selznick International, 363
221, 290, 314, 361, 391 Seminoles, 353
Religious Motion Picture Foundation, 290 senior citizens, 204, 366, 396
Remington Arms Co., 42 settlement houses, 106, 281
Research Institute of America, 100 Seventeen, 7
retailing, 45, 66, 158, 380, 408 sewage treatment, 80
Reynolds Metals Co., 359 sewing, 380
Rice Krispies cereal, 60 sex education, 103, 126, 161, 272, 369
Richfield Oil Co., 179 Shilin (Alan) Productions, 132, 353
Rich’s Department Store, 380 ships and shipping, 12, 28, 122, 307, 345
RKO-Pathé, 46, 113, 228 shoe manufacturing, 248
Roberson Hereford Ranch, 13 Sierra Club, 335, 412

126
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Sinclair Consolidated Oil Corp., 442 supermarkets, 158

Sinclair Refining Co., 139 Sutherland (John) Productions, 1, 10, 40,
Sioux, 132 116, 212, 231, 233, 246, 260, 340
Six Companies Inc., 56 Swift & Co., 50, 71
Sloan (Alfred P.) Foundation, 10, 22, 62, 75, Syracuse University Audio-Visual Center, 281
241, 246, 260, 423
slums, 23, 36, 39, 77, 106, 120, 143, 319,
360, 387 Tale of the Upright Telephone, 291
Smith, Kline & French, 304 teachers, 16, 101, 153, 341, 361
soaps and disinfectants, 79, 215 Teapot Dome scandal, 442
Social Documentary Films, 289 Technicolor Corp., 379
Society for the Advancement of Management, teenagers, 7, 31, 57, 59, 84, 103, 104, 181,
305 222, 223, 272, 276, 369, 449
Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., 24 telegraphy, 2, 381
Solana Studios, 104 telephone companies
Sound Masters, 294 customer instruction, 5, 291, 309
Sound Pictures, 389 military applications, 220, 350
South Carolina, 372 motion picture applications, 133, 138, 202
South Carolina (State of ), 366 operator recruitment, 302
South Dakota, 132 products and services, 73, 95, 133, 138,
Southern Educational Film Production 202, 217, 234, 270, 295
Service, 136, 141, 308 science film sponsorship, 178, 306
Southern Pacific Railroad, 108, 188 television, 46, 356, 365, 370, 382
space exploration, 273, 397 television applications, 365
Spam, 385 Tennessee, 313
Special Pictures Corp., 51 Knoxville, 401
Splay Pictures Corp., 194 test marketing, 209
springs, metal, 72 Texas Eastern Transmission Corp., 403
St. Louis (City of ), 49 textile and fiber industry, 76, 137, 168, 310
St. Louis Symphony Orchestra, 49 Thanhouser Co., 16
St. Paul Police Dept., 344 3-D films, 199, 390
Standard of California, 238 timber industry, 405
Standard Oil Co. of Indiana, 268 time and motion studies, 305
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, 239 Time and Two Women, 61
Stark Films, 45 Tipica Orchestra of San Antonio, 82
state government–sponsored films, 11, 26, 87, tire and rubber industry, 227, 240, 261, 371,
103, 128, 135, 136, 181, 252, 265, 308, 421
334, 366, 394, 413, 424, 432, 439 Tishman Realty & Construction Co., 359
Steeg (Ted) Productions, 84 tobacco industry, 4, 132, 353
steel industry, 16, 63, 88, 197, 340, 359, 362, toothpaste, 58
363, 396, 415, 423 tornadoes, 200, 403
stockyards, 367 town portraits, 66, 317, 318, 321
stocks and securities, 451 trade, international, 12, 40 62, 160, 231, 340
Stoney Associates, 55 Tradefilms, 235
Story of Life, The, 126 Trailer Coach Manufacturers Assn., 447
Strauss (Henry) Productions, 117 trailer homes, 268, 447
strikes, 21, 25, 110, 144, 218, 310, 316, 354, training and professional development films
371, 418, 420 pre-1930, 2
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Comm. 1930s, 28
(SNCC), 429 1940s, 299, 308
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 92 1950s, 3, 11, 26, 52, 91, 102, 117, 124,
suburbia, 48, 198, 232 208, 265, 328, 366, 374, 439
suicide, 102 1960s, 55
Supermarket Institute, 158 See also sales promotion films

127
Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

tranquilizers, 336 United States government

Transfilm, 273, 282, 303, 330, 381 Civil Defense Administration, 190
Transport Workers Union, 420 House Un-American Activities Comm.,
travelogues 35, 300
pre-1930, 147, 188 Indian Affairs, Office of, 353
1930s, 9, 108, 122, 293, 307, 431 Inter-American Affairs, Office of, 384
1940s, 287, 330, 384, 435 Labor Relations Board, 25
1950s, 151, 183, 268, 345 Mines, Bureau of, 16, 442
1960s, 400 Public Health Service, 61, 136
Triangle Shirtwaist Co. fire, 99 Reclamation, Bureau of, 56
Trio Manufacturing Co., 331 War Dept., 126
Trip Through Filmland, A, 275 Weather Bureau, 403
Tri-State Survey Comm., 262 United States Productions, 209
trucking, 357 United States Rubber Co., 261
tuberculosis, 36, 82, 169, 187, 193, 225, United States Steel Corp., 16, 63, 286, 340,
293 363, 396, 415
Tupperware Home Parties, 409 Universal Animated Weekly, 97
Tuskegee Choir, 225 Universal Film Manufacturing Co., 176, 445
Twentieth Century Fund, 232, 236, 441 Universal-International Pictures, 184
University of California, Los Angeles, Dept. of
Theatre Arts, 404
ulcers, 413 University of Georgia, 173
unemployment, 241, 423 University of Kentucky, 22, 75
Union Carbide Corp., 140 University of Oklahoma, 265, 394, 413
Union Films, 110, 172, 204 University of Southern California, Dept. of
Union Pacific Railroad, 109, 222 Cinema, 23
unions urban renewal, 39, 120, 232. See also city
business view of, 25, 100, 154, 299 planning; economic redevelopment; slums
films by, 19, 21, 65, 110, 131, 172, 204, Ushijima (Henry) Productions, 134
207, 218, 258, 310, 418, 420, 436 utilities, 123, 214, 324, 449
United Aircraft Corp., 428
United Airlines, 155, 419
United Auto Workers, 65, 154, 418 Vanguard, 273
United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Vavin Inc., 7
Workers of America, 110, 172, 204 Velsicol Corp., 170
United Fruit Co., 40, 231 Venard Organization, 173
United Gas Corp., 403 venereal disease, 103, 126, 136, 161
United Packinghouse Workers Union, 131 Venice Film Festival, 1, 359
United Productions of America, 65, 274, 306 veterans, 127, 242, 415
United Shoe Machinery Co., 248 Veterans of Foreign Wars, 242
United States voting and voter registration, 44, 110, 429
as “land of plenty,” 219, 260, 263
economy
business view of, 15, 50, 154, 197, Washington, D.C., 86
212, 228, 244, 260 water
labor view of, 172, 204 delivery systems and irrigation, 324, 341,
history, 64, 228 412
landscape of, 8, 14, 151, 155, 179, 183, pollution, 80
236, 239, 245, 268, 384 purification, 54
military, 220, 350, 421, 445 WBTV, 424
political critiques of, 110, 144 Wentworth Films, 34
See also anticommunism; economic edu- Western Cine Services, 87
cation films; free enterprise; Manifest Western Electric Co., 133, 138, 220
Destiny Western Union Telegraph Co., 2, 381

128
 Index of Subjects, Places, and Organizations

Westinghouse Electric Corp., 105, 125, 267, Workers’ Children’s Camp Assn., 68
430 World War I, home front, 126, 445
Westinghouse Elevator Co., 359 World War II, home front, 29, 74, 81, 171,
Weyerhaeuser Timber Co., 405 380, 396, 448
wheat, 162 World’s Fairs
Wheaties cereal, 41 1904 St. Louis, 430
White Alice Communications System, 220 1915 San Francisco, 248
Whitney Museum of American Art, 373 1933–34 Chicago, 167, 339
Wilding Picture Productions, 50, 53, 124, 1939–40 New York, 77, 129, 199, 213,
197, 219, 223, 227, 261, 268, 328, 356, 224, 225, 255, 266, 267, 277, 294,
357, 384, 416, 431, 433 316, 375, 382, 399, 444
Willard Pictures, 57, 70 1939–40 San Francisco, 43, 266, 277,
Winter Garden Freeze Co., 142 315, 390
Wohelo Camp, 438 1958 Brussels, 137, 205
Wolff (Raphael G.) Studios, 80, 150, 244, 1962 Seattle, 73
321, 324, 386 1964 New York, 155, 349, 395, 400
women 1967 Montreal, 395
as workers, 2, 11, 106, 158, 218, 234,
279, 302, 329, 364, 436
films for, 32, 48, 61, 71, 79, 105, 126, York Air Conditioning, 359
165, 185, 254, 272, 369, 380, 448 Yosemite National Park, 412
See also gender roles; women’s health youth culture, 7, 84, 276, 302
Women’s City Club of New York, 320 criticism of, 64, 92
women’s health, 11, 51, 61, 126, 272, 369
Wondsel, Carlisle & Dunphy, 222
Worcester Film Corp., 249 Zeiss (Carl) Inc., 69

129
INDEX OF PERSONAL NAMES
This index covers all individuals cited in the credits section of the film entries. The founders
of production companies are not listed unless they receive a personal credit. Thus, films in
which John Sutherland is a credited writer are indexed below. Motion pictures made by his
company, John Sutherland Productions, are included in the Index of Subjects, Places, and
Organizations. Numbers refer to entry numbers.

Abel, Sid, 101 Barker, E.L., 38

Abel, Walter, 85 Barker, Fred, 272
Aber, Miles, 432 Barlow, Roger, 77, 115, 283, 298, 319, 423
Adams, Claire, 126 Barnes, Billy, 142
Adams, Roy, 176 Barnes, Fred, 35
Agee, Bill, 222 Barnes, John, 39, 232, 236
Agee, Emma, 366 Barnes, Ralph M., 305
Agee, Mr. and Mrs. Harold, 222 Barnwell, John, 411
Albert, Eddie, 306 Barrell, Charles W., 138, 167
Alexander, Philip W., 311 Barrymore, Lionel, 306
Algeo, L.R., 356 Barthe, Richmond, 373
Allan, Lewis [Abel Meeropol], 189 Basil, Elaine, 420
Allen, Fred, 46 Baskaw, Frederic J., 120
Allen, James, 373 Bass, Elaine, 349
Allen, Ken, 43, 63 Bass, Saul, 155, 349, 434
Altman, Robert, 242 Bateson, Gregory, 91
Amestoy, Michel, 116 Batheholts, Charles E., 186
Anderson, Elizabeth, 380 Baxter, Frank, 178, 306
Anhalt, Edward, 69, 77, 347 Baxter, Leland, 222
Ankrum, Morris, 151 Baxter, Les, 40, 212
Ansen, Joseph, 109 Bay, Howard, 316
Applebaum, Louis, 11, 308 Bayless, Mary, 79
Arcamone, Carlo, 198 Bayne, Beverley, 38
Arling, Art, 416 Beach, Frederick G., 287
Armbruster, Robert, 363 Beall, Sam, 124, 328
Arnold, Edward, 125 Beebe, Leo, 13
Arnold, Jack, 436 Bel Geddes, Norman, 399
Arnold, Mary Ellicott, 410 Bell, James F., 446
Asch, Marc S., 82 Bell, Virginia, 85, 198, 336
Auchincloss, Gordon, 287 Bellamy, Ralph, 411
Austin, Waldo E., 323 Benavie, Samuel, 15, 17, 129, 259, 286, 449
Avil, Gordon, 15, 259 Bendick, Bob, 432
Benedek, Laslo, 59
Benedict, Ruth, 65
Bacon, Josephine Daskam, 165 Benham, Harry, 16
Bagley, Richard, 85 Benham, Leland, 16
Bailey, Mrs. J.W., 173 Bennet, Richard, 126
Bailey, William, 38 Bennett, Edward H., 377
Baird, Bil and Cora, 5, 309 Bennett, Kenneth H., 295
Baken, Bonnie, 449 Bernstein, Elmer, 205, 325, 349
Ball, Lucille, 125 Besig, Ernest, 300
Balog, Lester, 310 Best, Willie, 125
Banes, W.F., 17 Bethune, Mary McLeod, 67
Bannon, James, 50 Betzer, Joseph G., 351
Barhydt, Frank, 450 Bienvenu, Mrs. E., 239

130
 Index of Personal Names

Bitzer, G.W., 430 Caldwell, Erskine, 313

Blaché, Michael, 66 Calvert, E.H., 38
Blackburn, Robert, 410 Campbell, Robert, 443
Blaine, Richard, 313 Cannata, George, 116
Blair, Robert, 96 Cannon, John, 428
Blank, Frieda N., 319 Cannon, Robert, 65
Blechynden, Frederick W., 188 Capra, Frank, 178, 306
Blitzstein, Marc, 423 Carey, Macdonald, 212
Boardman, True, 1 Carlisle, Robert, 162, 222
Bobker, Lee R., 183, 243 Carlson, Richard, 178
Boeke, Kees, 325 Carnovsky, Morris, 77
Bonafield, Jay, 113, 228 Casey, Robert, 449
Bond, Julian, 429 Castle, Eugene W., 94
Bond, Peaslee, 11, 301, 451 Cate, Ted, 419
Bonine, Robert K., 280 Cavaliere, Nicholas, 9
Borders, William Holmes, 308 Cavelli, Dan, 241
Boudreaux, Joseph, 239 Chamberlin, Clarence, 428
Bowers, Charles R., 316 Champion, Gower, 295
Bowes, Edward “Major,” 199 Chandler, Chick, 295
Boxer, Herman, 109, 245, 378 Chapman, Fred, 173
Boyajian, Aram, 252 Chapman, Paul, 173
Boyett, Bill, 222 Chase, Haile, 206
Boyle, Charles, 363 Chekhov, Michael, 327
Brabin, Charles, 36 Chenoweth, Harold, 201
Bradley, Billie A., 432 Chertok, Jack, 327
Bradley, Sandra W., 34 Chew, Richard, 335
Bradley, Scott, 246 Christie, Al E., 51
Bradshaw, Wayne, 331 Chudnow, David, 327
Brakhage, Stan, 318 Churchill, Bob, 75, 423, 446
Brand, Oscar, 183 Churchill, Frank, 58
Brant, Henry, 137 Churchill, J.M.B., Jr., 229
Breaux, Mark, 114 Cinderella, 83
Breckenridge, Mary Marvin, 149 Citron, Sam, 51
Brennan, Walter, 396 Clark, Alice, 145
Bretz, Rudolph, 77, 347 Clark, Les, 362
Brody, Sam, 310 Clarke, Eugene C., 97
Brooks, Thor, 245 Clarke, Shirley, 359
Brower, David, 412 Clifford, Elmer, 432
Brown, Donald H., 449 Clifford, John, 355
Brown, Evelyn S., 174, 373 Clifford, William T., 136, 308
Brown, Johnny Mack, 389 Cody, Iron Eyes, 125
Browning, Ethel, 76 Cohen, Paul, 202
Brun, Joseph, 411 Colbert, Tex, 206
Bryan, Julien, 86, 135, 145, 301 Cole, Ed, 206
Bryan, Vincent P., 196 Cole, Gordon, 21
Bucher, Jules V.D., 69, 77, 262, 373 Cole, Joseph, 198, 336
Bufano, Remo, 193 Coles, Ernestine, 225
Bunin, Lou, 316 Coley, Mary, 11
Burden, Shirley C., 235 Collins, Judy, 207
Burger, Hans, 322 Collins, Lewis D., 223, 227
Burnham, Daniel, 377 Collins, Ray, 327, 423
Byrne, Gene, 58 Colonna, Jerry, 125
Connell, Barbara, 391
Connelly, Vincent, 287

131
Index of Personal Names

Conness, Robert, 76 Doolittle, Jimmy, 428

Connors, Chuck, 59 Douglas, Aaron, 373
Constable, J.M., 356 Downey, Robert, 451
Contner, J. Burgi, 82 Dozzie, Patti, 104
Cook, John, 50 Drummond, Reed, 267
Cooke, Ethyle, 16 Dudley, Carl, 109, 245
Cooper, Bigelow, 36 Duncan, Victor, 49
Cooper, David, 113, 228 Dusay, Marj, 288
Copland, Aaron, 77 Dushock, Joseph E., 135
Costello, John, 52
Costikian, Andy, 232
Couillard, Jarvis, 153 Eames, Charles and Ray, 205, 325
Cox, Nell, 302 Earle, Eyvind, 340
Crabbe, Gary, 64 Eastman, Phil, 65
Craig, Edward, 380 Eaton, Waldo, 410
Crooker, Herbert, 194 Edison, Thomas Alva, 47
Crosby, Floyd, 235 Edwards, Gus, 196
Cross, Milton, 90 Edwards, Kenneth R., 182
Culhane, Jimmie “Shamus,” 178, 196 Edwin, Walter, 422
Cumming, Adelaide Hawley, 380 Ehrlich, Max, 432
Cummins, Sylvia, 11 Eisler, Hanns, 316
Cumpson, John, 364 Eldridge, John, 140
Cunningham, Sarah, 135 Ellis, Carlyle, 93, 138, 193, 445
Cussler, Margaret, 289 Ellis, Maurice, 298
Ellis, Ward, 295
Ellis, William D., 44
Dallas, Meredith, 221 Ernst, Max, 348
Daly, James, 102 Erpi, W.E. [Charles W. Barrell], 138
Dana, Viola, 76 Eugster, Al, 196
Daniel, Eliot, 24 Evans, Clifford, 143
Daniell, Barbara, 380
David, Marvin, 276
Davis, Katharine Bement, 126 Facenda, John, 317
Davis, Rex, 331 Fairbanks, Jerry, 73, 151, 295
Davis, Sid, 206 Fairless, Benjamin, 286
Dayton, Frank, 38 Falkenberg, Paul, 52, 137
de Give, Mary L., 289 Fallick, Mort, 222
De Grasse, Robert, 189 Farish, Ben, 303
de la Vega, Rosario, 82 Farrell, Thomas, 143
de Rochemont, Louis, 411 Farrow, Mia, 7
DeDecker, George, 351 Feller, Bob, 175
Del Val, Jean, 416 Felton, Paul M., 275, 371
DeLuise, Dominick “Dom,” 304 Fenimore, Roger, 17
Denis, Armand, 431 Ferno, John, 22, 74
Devine, Andy, 125 Ferris, Margaret, 165
Diamond, David, 319 Feuerman, Sol E., 267
Dichter, Ernest, 195 Field, Edward, 395
Dick, Lee, 69, 262, 347 Files, Helen, 423
Dick, Sheldon, 106, 262 Fischinger, Oskar, 217
Dickinson, Angie, 151 Fisher, Paul W., 428
DiMaggio, Joe, 175 Flaherty, Frances H., 239
Dobkin, Lawrence, 362 Flaherty, Robert J., 239
Donald Duck, 362 Flanders, W.W., 445
Donovan, Frank, 382 Fleischer, Dave, 196, 291

132
 Index of Personal Names

Fleischer, Max, 138, 196, 291 Graham, Helen, 142

Flook, Ernest, 109 Granducci, Oeveste, 184
Florea, John, 64 Grant, Kirby, 328
Flory, John, 77 Greene, Felix, 298
Flugrath, Leonie [Shirley Mason], 76 Greenfield, Edward, 25
Flugrath, Viola [Viola Dana], 76 Greenwood, Trevor, 335
Foray, June, 178 Griffin, G. Edward, 20
Ford, Henry, II, 152 Griffith, Edward H., 126
Forest, Joseph, 381 Gron, Lee, 22
Forrell, Gene, 395, 400, 451 Guest, Edgar A., 129
Forrest, David, 319 Guggenheim, Charles, 49, 78
Forsythe, John, 15, 383 Gulick, Charlotte and Luther, 438
Foss, Lukas, 348
Fowler, Alpha, Jr., 173
Fox, Wallace, 53 Haboush, Vic, 116
Fox, William, 428 Hagens, Herbert, 198
Francis, Arlene, 436 Hale, Alan, Jr., 125
Frankel, Benjamin, 443 Hall, David, 104
Franz, Anna Minot, 135 Halverson, Nils, 14
Franz, Arthur, 327 Hamer, Fannie Lou, 429
Freeman, Jim, 397 Hammid, Alexander, 26, 301, 395, 397, 400
Fujihira, Toge, 132 Hammond, Mary, 69
Fuller, Mary, 36 Hanser, Richard, 113
Furland, Maxime, 301 Hardman, Richard, 404
Furman, Robert T., Jr., 57 Hardy, Frank, 239
Furtney, F.R., 385 Harris, Mark Jonathan, 335
Harris, Roy, 298
Hartley, Irving, 435
Galentine, Wheaton, 85, 400, 451 Hartman, Marx, 8
Garner, Ray and Virginia, 174 Harvey, Harold “Herk,” 103, 355, 361
Gaynes, Page, 207 Hatfield, Donald M., 272
Geer, Will, 262 Hatley, Marvin, 53
Gehrig, Lou, 175 Haupt, Enid, 7
Gibney, Morgan, 357 Hawes, Hildreth Gilman, 210
Gibson, Virginia, 295 Hawkins, Betsy, 272
Gifford, Hazen, 449 Hawkins, Emery, 1, 212
Gilbert, Ronnie, 391 Haynes, Storrs, 106, 262
Gilbreth, Frank and Lillian, 305 Hays, Lee, 352
Gillespie, Arnold, 1 Hayworth, Jean, 449
Gilliam, Rodney, 238 Hedlund, Guy, 249
Gilmore, Art, 109 Hefferon, Richard, 49
Glaser, Vaughan, 293 Heise, William, 4
Glass, Harry, 428 Heiskell, Frank W., 38
Glidden, David S., 394 Heller, Paul, 243
Glushanok, Peter, 26, 135 Henry, Bruce, 223
Goberman, Max, 319 Herman, Frank, 264
Goddard, Don, 241 Herman, Franta G., 264
Goldman, Frank Lyle, 138, 217, 296 Herman, Vincent, 259
Goldner, Orville, 315 Herman, V.L., 17
Goldstone, Richard, 444 Hicks, George, 286, 415
Goodman, Lee, 436 Hickson, Rosemarie, 143
Gordon, George, 116, 212 Hiestand, John, 235
Gordon, Richard, 51 Higgins, Bill, 116, 212
Grabill, Edward M., 50 Higgins, James, 17

133
Index of Personal Names

Hill, Edwin C., 95, 363 Kaltenborn, H.V., 46

Hill, Eugene [Jay Leyda], 313 Kanudo, Howard, 303
Hill, William E., 109 Kaufman, Boris, 411
Hillhouse, Harold C., 23 Kaufman, Sidney, 68
Hirschfeld, Gerald, 436 Kazan, Elia, 313
Hite, Charles J., 16 Keating, Charles, 314
Hobbs, Peter, 135 Keene, Rogers, 208
Hockman, Ned, 413 Kees, Weldon, 91
Holloway, Sterling, 178, 306 Keller, Lew, 1
Holmes, Ted, 410 Kelley, Betty, 299
Holsopple, Theobold, 151 Kellman, Louis W., 317
Holsopple, Theodore, 295 Kem, H.D., 214
Hoover, George, 356, 357 Kendall, Preston, 176
Hopper, Hedda, 389 Kerbawy, Haford, 118, 286, 299
Horrocks, Robert E., 44 Kerkow, Herbert, 446
Hostetler, Paul S., 52 Kerwin, William, 71
Hostetler, Virginia S., 52 Kesselring, William, 319
Howard, Peggy, 225 Kettering, Charles F., 294
Hubbard, Father Bernard, 9 Kienle, Edward C., 57
Huberman, Leo, 420 Kilbride, Percy, 125
Hubley, John, 65, 274 King, Carleton, 329
Hudson, Bill, 303 King, Eleanor, 51
Hughes, Lloyd, 98 King, Mrs. Inslee C., 142
Hughes, Sally, 223 King, John, 53
Hume, Thomas, 118 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 426
Hunter, G.R., 267 Kirk, Tommy, 151
Huntington, Theodora, 422 Kirkwood, James, 169
Huntley, Chet, 23 Kirschner, Manny, 366
Hurd, C.J., 214 Kislingbury, W., 129
Hurn, Philip, 98 Klein, Henry, 317
Hurtz, William T., 178, 306 Kleinberg, Ernest, 345
Husing, Ted, 175 Kleinberg, Milton, 151, 295
Hutton, Edward, 245 Kleinsinger, George, 207
Komer, Harry, 444
Korman, Harvey, 71
Ingram, Rex, 225 Kortick, Bernard, 374
Ito, Teiji, 221 Korty, John, 221
Ivens, Joris, 22 Kriegsfeld, Irving M., 281
Krows, Arthur Edwin, 193
Krumgold, Joseph, 282
Jackson, Howard, 109 Krupka, Helen A., 351
Jacobs, Lewis, 137, 143, 443 Kyte, Benny, 50
Jacobson, George, 366
Jacoby, Irving, 26, 52, 229, 252, 312, 359
Jamison, House, 22 La Frandre, Jack, 104
Jarrett, Arthur L., 51 Lacey, Chuck, 361
Jersey, William, 348 Ladd, Alan, 416
Jersey, William C., 391 LaFleur, J.J., 197
Johnson, Eric, 228 LaGuardia, Fiorello, 354
Johnston, Coni, 336 Lampell, Millard, 207
Jones, Baird, 394 Langdon, Harry, 240
Jones, Beverly, 9 Lange, Harry W., 351
Jones, Chuck, 206 Langston, Wayne A., 351
Jurgens, Victor J., 411 Lantz, Walter, 58

134
 Index of Personal Names

Lardner, Ring, Jr., 65 Marble, Harry, 378

Larkin, Margaret, 310 March, Frederick, 143
Larrance, Charles, 272 Marcus, William Elder, 322
Larrance, Wendy, 272 Marlowe, Louis, 129
Larsen, Robert W., 73 Marsh, Joan, 53
Lasse, Fred, 136 Marsh, Joseph, 18
Lawrence, Theodore, 77, 115, 298 Marshall, Eldred, Jr., 136
Le Blanc, Lionel, 239 Marshall, Florida, 136
Leacock, Richard, 14, 52, 239, 252, 302 Martin, Philip, Jr., 189
Leaf, Munro, 74 Martindale, Wink, 288
LeBorg, R., 53 Martini, Michael, 418
Lee, Ruth, 267 Marzani, Carl Aldo, 110, 172, 204
Lerner, Dick, 264 Mason, James, 125
Lerner, Irving, 22, 75, 106, 319, 423 Mason, Shirley, 76
LeRoy, Mervyn, 189 Mason, W.A., 136
Levant, Oscar, 316 Massey, Raymond, 18, 350
Levene, Sam, 436 Mathews, George, 299
Levey, Harry, 176 Matteson, Ruth, 51
Levitan, Eli L., 303 Mauch, Billy and Bobby, 194
Levitow, Abe, 212 Maxwell, Charles, 151
Levitt, Helen, 366 Maxwell, John, 416
Lewin, Frank, 85 Mayer, Harold, 207
Lewis, Herschell Gordon, 71 McCobb, Paul, 288
Lewis, Vernon, 309 McConnell, Oviatt, 228
Leyda, Jay, 313 McCormick, Cyrus, 342
Lieb, William R., 64 McCormick, Myron, 75
Lion, David H., 57 McCoy, Gertrude, 422
Lippert, Orlando, 357 McCroskey, Susannah, 142
Locke, Edwin, 22 McCue, Charles, 432
Loftus, Cissy, 53 McGee, Fibber, 46
London, Mel, 336 McGinnis, Tom, 361
Lord, Marjorie, 267 McGlone, Ed, 419
Lorentz, Pare, 77 McGowan, Glen, 197
Losey, Joseph, 74, 316 McGowan, Jack, 368
Lowendahl, Walter, 381 McGrath, Tom, 348, 397
Lowman, William, 201 McNamara, James and John, 258
Luby, S. Roy, 291 McPherson, James, 410
Ludig, Edwin E., 267, 339, 357, 375, 452 Meeropol, Abel, 189
Luster, Betty, 276 Melendez, Bill, 212
Lydon, James, 267 Mengucci, Emilio, 145
Meredith, Stanley, 451
Merrill, Gary, 340, 349
Maasdam, Felber, 162 Merwin, Bannister, 36, 422
Maasz, Gerhardt, 101 Meyers, Sidney, 6, 112, 313, 366
Mabrey, Layton, 265 Mickey Mouse, 266
Macero, Teo, 359 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 282
MacGillivray, Greg, 397 Miksak, Joe, 272
Maddow, Ben, 62, 313, 366, 423 Milford, Gene, 235
Madison, Lawrence E., 13, 137, 443 Miller, Ashley, 76, 253
Maloney, Ernest, 410 Miller, Gordon H., 118, 299
Maltz, Albert, 189 Miller, Marvin, 178, 231, 233, 306
Mamorsky, Morris, 208, 436 Miner, Allen, 109
Manners, Sheila, 389 Minnie Mouse, 266
Manuzio, Vincent, 245 Mix, George, 136

135
Index of Personal Names

Mobley, M.D., 173 Ortega, R.C., 82

Mobus, George, 331 Oster, Emil, 64
Mols, Pierre, 15, 17, 286 O’Sullivan, Maureen, 125
Montagne, Edward J., 46 Ott, John Nash, Jr., 393
Moran, Albert, 416 Overton, Elvin, 142
Moriarty, George, 175
Morrison, Arnold, 426
Morrison, Philip, 325 Palmer, Alfred T., 12
Moses, Robert, 163 Palmer, Bud, 264
Mosser, Russell A., 361 Palmer, Charles “Cap,” 24, 419
Mounsey, Robert, 17 Palmquist, Dan, 361
Mowbray, Alan, 295 Pansohoff, Doris, 143
Muffatti, Steve, 303 Parks, Blanche “Blandy,” 136
Mulhall, Jack, 125 Parks, Holcombe, 327
Mumford, Lewis, 77 Parks, Wally, 206
Murkland, E.R., 411 Pataky, Veronica, 50, 295
Murray, Billy, 196 Patterson, John H., 280
Murray, Frank, 449 Patton, Phil, 276
Murray, Patricia, 194 Paul, Edward, 151, 295
Myers, David, 31 Paul, Ralph, 381
Paxton, Tom, 207, 391
Pennebaker, D.A., 451
Nasca, Charles, 17, 286 Perkins, James S., 305
Nebbia, Michael, 112, 304, 451 Perkins, Walter, 404
Neher, Jack, 252 Perrin, Vic, 205
Nelson, Arvid, 134 Petersen, Gene, 23
Nelson, Ed, 64 Petersen, Robert, 206
Nesbitt, John, 444 Phelps, Leroy G., 431
Nesbitt, Miriam, 36 Phelps, Roy E., 411
Neumann, Howard, 413 Phillips, Kat, 245
Nevius, Gerald, 1 Pinkham, Daniel, 220
Niebuhr, Walter, 241 Plastrik, Harvey, 303
Niklasch, John, 50 Poddany, Eugene, 1, 212
Nikrant, Ruth, 281 Pollard, Spencer, 75, 423
Noble, Joseph, 169 Pollock, Rex, 13
Noble, Maurice, 212 Poole, George, 162
Norling, John, 199 Porrett, Fred, 62
Norris, Kathi, 368 Post, Emily, 376
North, Alex, 18, 112, 313 Post, William, Jr., 51, 118, 299
Powell, Melvin, 14
Pribor, Richard, 295
O’Brien, Ken, 116 Prindle, James, 50, 197, 357
O’Day, Nell, 118 Pritchard, Walter, 193
O’Dwyer, William, 143 Prough, Al, 111
Ogburn, Charlton, Jr., 241 Prouty, Jed, 194
Ogle, Charles, 422 Putnam, George, 314
Ohlund, Brad, 397
Oldfather, Charles, Jr., 355
Olsen, E.E., 245 Quigley, Margery C., 322
Oppenheim, James, 99, 187 Quill, Michael J., 420
Oreb, Tom, 116
O’Reilly, Larry, 113, 228, 432
Orleans, Sam, 142 Ragan, Philip, 297
Ormandy, Eugene, 239 Ramin, Jordy, 84

136
 Index of Personal Names

Rapf, Maurice, 65 Sarnoff, David, 370

Rappaport, Mark, 84 Schenk, Walter, 272
Ray, Tom, 116 Schneider, Milton, 52
Read, Nicholas C., 136 Schonfeld, Edwin, 134
Reagan, Ronald, 34, 179 Schoppe, Jim, 64
Rex the Dog, 194 Schrodel, Esther, 299
Reynolds, C.S., 109 Schuster, Harold, 151
Reynolds, Laurel, 346 Schwartfeller, William, 310
Richards, Harvey, 131, 429 Schwem, John W., 186
Richards, Paul, 276 Scott, Bill, 116
Ridgell, Pinckney, 101 Scott, William, 212
Riley, L.W., 170 Scourby, Alexander, 183, 288, 318, 436
Ritter, Tex, 151 Seabrook, Georgette, 373
Rivera, Tony, 1 Seay, Charles M., 329
Roach, Bert, 389 Seeger, Pete, 144, 207
Robbins, Leroy, 283 Segall, Bernardo, 397
Roberts, H.L., 357 Seltzer, Leo, 143, 420
Robinson, Earl, 189, 313, 418 Senf, Charles R., 436
Robinson, Keith, 303 Serlin, Oscar, 77
Robinson, Ted, 181 Shaen, Florence, 109
Robson, William N., 162 Shaindlin, Jack, 411
Roccos, Stelios, 332 Shannon, Harry, 267
Rock, Wayne, 265 Sharpe, Jean, 198
Rockwell, Robert, 125 Shaw, Harold M., 36
Rodakiewicz, Henwar, 77, 298 Sheppard, David P., 327
Roffman, Julian, 22, 352 Sherman, Joseph, 444
Rogan, Barney, 416 Shilan, Alan, 132
Rogers, Harold, 17, 286 Shilkret, Nathaniel, 228
Rogers, Marge, 409 Shore, Herbert, 426
Roman, Dun, 208 Shores, Lynn, 194
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 51 Shores, Richard, 134
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 174 Siegmeister, Elie, 313
Roosevelt, Leila, 431 Sikorsky, Igor, 428
Root family, 162 Silk, Lawrence, 207
Rosenblum, Ralph, 239, 381 Simon, Mayo, 434
Rosencrans, Leo S., 64, 151, 227, 295, 416 Simunich, Otto, 17
Ross, Frank, 189 Sinatra, Frank, 189
Rosten, Norman, 220 Sinclair, Upton, 367
Rothenberg, Marvin, 381 Skinner, George, 417
Rowles, Burton, 112, 381 Skirball, Jack H., 51
Ruggiero, Jack, 327 Smith, George Oliver, 8
Rukeyser, Muriel, 319 Smith, Harold, 281
Rupp, Henry, Jr., 109 Smith, Helen Stansfield, 8
Rusinow, Irving, 101, 153 Smith, Henry Nash, 35
Russak, Sam, 310 Smith, Howard, 303
Ryan, John, 334 Smith, J. Aubrey, 380
Ryan, Robert, 207 Smith, John, 64, 428
Smith, Kevin, 439
Smith, Millard, 52
Saarinen, Eero, 282 Smith, Paul, 65, 246
Saber, Bernie, 276 Snell, David, 444
Salzburg, Milton J., 378 Snody, Robert, 267, 452
Sanders, Denis and Terry, 374 Sokolsky, George, 194
Sandrich, Jay, 374 Solow, Victor D., 114

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Index of Personal Names

Sommerfield, Alvan, 444 Temple, Shirley, 238

Space, Kenneth F., 27, 67 Thayer, Guy V., Jr., 24
Spann, Alice, 394 Thiele, John, 17
Spencer, Rose, 366 Thiele, William J., 327
Spielvogel, Bert, 143, 198, 222, 239, 336 Thomas, Boyd W., 182
Stackpole, Peter, 69 Thomas, Frank, 118
Stanley, James [Stan Brakhage], 318 Thomas, Lowell, 159, 171, 182, 194, 263
Stark, Wilbur, 368 Thompson, Francis, 135, 145, 392, 395, 397,
Stebbins, Robert [Sidney Meyers], 313 400, 451
Steeg, Ted, 84 Thompson, Marshall, 151
Steiner, George, 199 Thompson, Rex, 135
Steiner, Leopold, 96 Thomson, Virgil, 239
Steiner, Ralph, 77, 115, 313 Tilles, Jack, 197
Steiner, William, 208, 267, 449 Tinkham, W.H., 356
Stensvold, Alan, 109, 419 Tiomkin, Dimitri, 340
Stephens, Harvey, 299 Tiplady, George, 22
Stern, Robert, 223 Tomlin, Carl, 428
Stewart, Al, 295 Toscanini, Arturo, 46
Stewart, Fred, 75, 106, 262 Tourneur, Jacques, 444
Stewart, James, 24, 402 Travis, Margaret, 103, 361
Stiles, Charles W., 417 Trettin, Henry, 264
Stoller, Maurice H., 357 Trout, Robert, 274, 323, 351
Stone, Edward Durell, 282 Turner, Ed, 413
Stone, Milburn, 50 Twomey, Louis J., 35
Stoney, George C., 11, 18, 55, 102, 136, 308
Storck, Henri, 22
Stordahl, Axel, 189 Ullman, Frederic, Jr., 382
Storms, Harrison A., Jr., 407 Ulmer, Edgar G., 82, 169, 225
Stoumen, Louis Clyde, 39, 232, 236 Urbano, Carl, 1, 116, 212, 340
Straley, Wilkes, 101 Ushijima, Henry, 134
Strauss, Henry, 208
Strayer, Frank, 24
Stringer, Jim, 355 van Dongen, Helen, 239, 313
Strudwick, Shepperd, 220 Van Dyke, Willard, 14, 62, 69, 75, 77, 115,
Stuewe, Norman, 361 220, 229, 348, 359, 423, 439, 446
Sturgeon, John, 76 Van Voorhis, Westbrook, 443
Sumner, G. Lynn, 176 Venard, C.L., 173
Sundquist, Henry, 449 Vidor, Zoli, 381
Sutherland, John, 212 von Neida, Russ, 116
Sutton, John J., 145
Swain, Dwight V., 265, 394, 413
Swarthe, Paula, 423 Wade, J.L., 331
Swing, Raymond Gram, 297 Wadsworth, Mason, 98
Sylvia, Harvard, 366 Wagenknecht, Albert, 310
Symon, Burke, 51 Walker, Algernon G., 23
Walker, Nella, 53
Walz, Eric, 262
Tadlock, Thelma “Tad,” 114 Ward, Ivy, 176
Talbot, Lyle, 140 Ward, Tracy [Virginia Bell], 85, 198, 336
Tavernier, Robert, 15, 17 Warson, G.L., 377
Taylor, Charley, 428 Watson, George, 272
Taylor, Jane, 272 Watson, James Sibley, Jr., 130, 182
Taylor, Joan, 223 Watts, William, 313, 319
Tedford, Charles L., 151 Way, Nate, 142

138
 Index of Personal Names

Webber, George, 51 Wise, Brownie, 409

Webber, Melville, 130 Wise, Walter, 235
Weick, Edna May, 422 Wiseman, Joseph, 436
Weiler, Gerald, 7 Wishengrad, Morton, 436
Weinstein, Milton, 17 Wolf, Arthur, 361
Weisenborn, Gordon, 136, 236 Wolff, David [Ben Maddow], 313, 418, 423
Weisenborn, Selma, 39 Wolff, Frank, 374
Weist, Dwight, 113, 228 Wolff, Thomas M., 327
Welborn, Jesse, 88 Wright, Frank Lloyd, 282
Welch, Niles, 57 Wright, Orville and Wilbur, 428, 434, 445
Weltfish, Gene, 65 Wright, Will, 327
Wendkos, Paul, 317
Wernick, Richard, 332
Wetzel, Albert, 235 Yarborough, Jean, 416
Wexler, Haskell, 232, 236 York, Richard “Dick,” 223
Wexler, Sy, 68, 322, 349 Young, John A., 226
White, James H., 188 Young, Robert H., 229
Whitman, Gayne, 162 Young, Robert M., 397
Wickie, Gus, 196
Widmark, Richard, 59
Willard, Thomas W., 57 Zamora, Rudy, 196
Willis, Mindy, 346 Zander, Jack, 381
Wilmot, Robert, 208 Zegart, Arthur, 397
Wilson, Lois, 98 Ziller, Robert, 301
Wilson, Marie, 125 Zucker, Frank, 241
Wilson, T. Carroll, 43 Zucker, Nathan, 243

139
ABOUT THE NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION FOUNDATION
The National Film Preservation Foundation (www.filmpreservation.org) is the independent,
nonprofit organization created by the U.S. Congress to help save America’s film heritage.
Growing from a national planning effort led by the Library of Congress, the NFPF began
operations in 1997, thanks to contributions from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts
and Sciences, The Film Foundation, and others in the entertainment community. We work
directly with archives to rescue endangered films that will not survive without public
support.

The NFPF raises money, awards grants, and organizes cooperative projects that enable
archives, libraries, museums, historical societies, and universities to work together to save
American films not preserved by commercial interests. Since opening our doors, we have
helped preserve more than 950 films and collections and assisted archives in 38 states, the
District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Among recent publications are the award-winning
DVD set More Treasures from American Film Archives, 1894–1931 (2004) and The Film
Preservation Guide: The Basics for Archives, Libraries, and Museums (2004).

The NFPF is a public charity incorporated in the District of Columbia and affiliated with
the National Film Preservation Board of the Library of Congress. We depend entirely on
private contributions to support operations.

Board of Directors
Roger L. Mayer, Chairman
Charles Benton
Laurence Fishburne
Leonard Maltin
Scott M. Martin
Cecilia deMille Presley
John Ptak
Robert G. Rehme
Eric J. Schwartz
Martin Scorsese
The Honorable Fred Thompson
Paula Wagner
Dr. James H. Billington, The Librarian of Congress (ex officio)

Staff
Annette Melville, Executive Director
Jeff Lambert, Assistant Director
David Wells, Programs Manager
Rebecca Payne Collins, Office Manager

140