Domain Name System (DNS)
Domain Name System (DNS)
Domain Name System (DNS)
System (DNS)
Introduction
Challenges:
Browsing using IP addresses can be inconvenient, especially when servers change
machines or addresses.
The need for readable names that decouple machine names from machine addresses.
Addressing the Issue: DNS
Usage:
Application programs use a resolver to map a name to an IP address.
Example: The resolver sends a query to a local DNS server.
DNS server looks up the name and returns the IP address in a response.
Query and response messages are sent as UDP packets.
DNS
Benefits
Overcoming challenges of the hosts.txt approach.
Efficient and scalable management of host names in a large international network.
DNS has been a key part of the Internet since its invention in 1983.
DNS Name Space
cs.mec.ac.in
Domain Resolution
Transport Protocol:
DNS queries and responses use the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) transport protocol.
DNS messages are sent in UDP packets with a simple format for queries, answers, and
name servers.
Security Considerations:
DNS is vulnerable to malicious changes, leading to the development of DNS Security
Extensions (DNSSEC), discussed in Chap. 8.