LTE Power Control

Course Objectives
 Learn about the power control technology and its
classification
 Learn about the LTE downlink power distribution
technology, the concepts of PA and PB, and power usage
 Learn about the LTE uplink power control technology,
including power control for PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH and
SRS channels
 Learn about application analysis of the LTE power
distribution and power control technology

2
Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control

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 Power Control

 The purpose of power control is to reduce intra-system and inter-cell

interference. The power control technology assesses the SNR of
received signals, and compensates for fading in wireless channels in a
timely manner to maintain high-quality communication and reduce
interference on other users who use the same wireless resources,
ensuring system capacity.

功率控制优点
Advantages of power control

Minimize network interference, including intra-cell and

inter-cell interference

Ensure uplink and downlink quality through control

Resist shade fading and fast fading, and overcome the

near-far effect
Save power and reduce transmit power of eNodeBs and
UEs

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 Classification of Power Control

Power control

Whether TPC feedback Control direction

exists

Open loop Closed loop Uplink power Downlink power

power control control control
power control

PRACH PUCCH PRACH RS

PUCCH PUSCH PUCCH PA
PUSCH SRS PUSCH PB
SRS SRS

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Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control

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 Downlink Power Distribution

 Constant transmit power in frequency and time is used. The

eNodeB indicates the value of the transmit power through
higher-layer signaling.
 Downlink power distribution controls the transmit power of each
subcarrier at each moment with an RE as a unit.
 Downlink channels (PDSCH, PDCCH, PCFICH, and PHICH) use
power distribution.

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 Reference Signal
R0 R0
One antenna port

R0 R0

R0 R0

R0 R0
l0 l6 l0 l6

Resource element (k,l)

R0 R0 R1 R1
Two antenna ports

R0 R0 R1 R1
Not used for transmission on this antenna port

R0 R0 R1 R1
Reference symbols on this antenna port

R0 R0 R1 R1
l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6

R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
Four antenna ports

R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3

R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3

R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6 l0 l6

even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots

Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Antenna port 2 Antenna port 3

Reference Signal (Normal CP)

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 Downlink Power Parameters

 Type A symbols: OFDM symbols Type A RE Type B RE

without RS
 Type B symbols: OFDM symbols
with RS
 ρ A: linear ratio of PDSCH RE
power on a type A symbol to RS
RE power
 ρ B: linear ratio of PDSCH RE
power on a type B symbol to RS
RE power

Type A symbol Type B symbol

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 PA Parameter Descriptions

 is valid for only multi-user MIMO, and the value is 0 dB in other formats.

 is valid only for transmit diversity transmission of four antenna ports

with precoding.
 Current, due to the restriction of the ntwork TM mode and antenna ports,

Note: Use a dB value for PA.

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 PA Parameter Descriptions

 PA is a parameter dedicated to UEs configured by the

RRC. It can be changed, and is delivered to a UE
through signaling. For example, it is delivered by the
RRC connection setup message in the RRC connection
setup procedure.
 If PA is increased, RE power of type A symbols allocated
to users is larger. Provided that the total eNodeB power
remains the same, data RE receiving power is large, and
SINR can be improved. If PA is too large, interference
on neighbor cells is serious, corresponding control
channel power is lowered, and coverage is unbalanced.
 The PA value range defined in the protocols is (-6, -4.77,
-3, -1.77, 0, 1, 2, 3. Unit: dB.

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 PB Parameter Descriptions

 PB is a cell-level parameter, and represents the index of .

The PB parameter and reference signal power are delivered in the
SIB2 message.

Pb One Antenna Port Two and Four Antenna

Ports
0 1 5/4
1 4/5 1
2 3/5 3/4
3 2/5 1/2

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 Downlink Power Usage
Assume that PtotA and PtotB are the total effective RE energy of type A OFDM symbols
and type B OFDM symbols respectively, and then the ratio is:
2/4 port antenna 1 port antenna

Because the maximum total power of two types of REs is

the same, symbol power usage under various PA and PB
configurations can be calculated by using the formula on
the right.

PA and PB Configurations of 100% Usage

No. PA PB
1 0 0
2 -3 1
3 -4.77 2
4 -6 3
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 PA and PB Parameter Setting

5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 4 4 12 4 4 4 4 4 16 4 4 4 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 4 4 4 4 4 16 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 4 4 12 4 4 4 4 4 16 4 4 4 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 4 4 4 4 4 16 4 4
 B /  A 5 / 4 4 / 4 3 / 4 2 / 4
 B 5 / 4 4 /8 3 /12 2 /16
 A 4 / 4 4 /8 4 /12 4 /16
RS power 4 / 24  1 / 6 8 / 24  2 / 6 12 / 24  3 / 6 16 / 24  4 / 6

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 Downlink Power Distribution Principle

 The overall principle of the configuration is: not exceeding the

total RRU power.
 The total power on type A symbols should be equal to that on
type B symbols, and power usage should be 100%.
 Uplink and downlink links can reach balance. Public and service
channels can reach balance.
 Ensure coverage and reduce interference at the same time.
Ensure balance between capacity and coverage.

The formula for the maximum configurable RS power is as follows:

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 Example of Reference Signal Power Calculation

 In this example, there are two antenna ports, and the power of
each port is not larger than 20 W. The maximum RS transmit
power corresponding to PA and PB is listed in the following table.

Maximum RS Transmit
PA PB
Power
1 0 11.2
0 0 12.2
-3 1 15.2
-4.77 2 16.9
-6 3 18.2

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 Coverage Capabilities of Service Channels Under
Different PA and PB
Correspondence between PA, PB, and RE power

[PA,PB] [-3,1] [0,0] [1,0]

RS power 11.20 11.20 11.20

Type A RE power 8.20 11.20 12.20

Type B RE power 8.20 12.17 13.17

Type A symbol
38.99 41.99 42.99
power
Type B symbol
38.99 41.99 42.84
power

Reference signals and coverage ranges of service

RS PDSCH
channels under different PA and PB configurations

PA=-3，PB=1 PA=0，PB=0 PA=1，PB=0

© ZTE All rights reserved 17
Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control
 PUSCH power control
 PUCCH power control
 SRS power control
 PRACH power control

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 Principle of PUSCH Power Control
PPUSCH(i)  min{PCMAX ,10 log10(M PUSCH(i))  PO_PUSCH(j )  (j )  PL  TF(i)  f(i)}
Open loop part Closed loop
Number of MCS-
Maximum UE power limit power
resource related
configured control
blocks power offset command
PCMAX: maximum UE power configured

PPUSCH(i): PUSCH power on the ith subframe

Closed loop power control part (accumulative mode or absolute mode)

Note:
Compensation parameters of different formats
1. ΔTF(i) is used to compensate for
coding protection differences
under different code rates.
2. P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j), P0_UE_PUSCH(j),
and α(j) are configured in three
Path loss compensation cases:
(1) j = 0, SPS
Open loop
(2) j = 1, dynamic
power control part scheduling
(3) j = 2, RAR
Calculation of the number of RBs occupied by the PUSCH
on the i subframe
authorization
th

Reference protocol: TS36.213

UE-specific part
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cell-specific part
 Uplink Open Loop Power Calculation
PH

Channel/signal format compensation

Open loop
power control
Path loss compensation
part

eNodeB expected received power

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 PUSCH Power Control—Open Loop Part

 PO_PUSCH ( j) includes two parts P0 _ PUSCH ( j )  P0 _ NOMINAL _ PUSCH ( j )  P0 _ UE _ PUSCH ( j )

 PO_NOMINAL_ PUSCH ( j) , cell-specific parameter configured by the RRC
 PO_UE_PUSCH ( j，
) UE-specific parameter configured by the RRC
 j = 0 indicates SPS power control
 j = 1 indicates dynamic scheduling power control
 j = 2 indicates msg3 power control

PO_PRE indicates preamble target received power
 PREAMBLE _ Msg3 format offset of Msg3 related to preamble , notified in brodcast

PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (2)  PO_PRE   PREAMBLE _ Msg3 PO_UE_PUSCH (2)  0

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 PUSCH Power Control—Open Loop Part

 PL : path loss
 The eNodeB can calculate PL in accordance with PH reported by UEs.
 The eNodeB can calculate PL in accordance with RSRP reported by UEs.

 Path loss compensation coefficient: 3-bit cell-level parameter

 For j = 0 ,1,  0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1 , it is provided by a higher
layer. Both partial path loss compensation and full path loss compensation
are supported.
 For j = 2，  1 , full path loss compensation

 PH calculation
 Range: [40,-23] dB

PH (i)  PCMAX  10 log10 (M PUSCH (i))  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL   TF (i)  f (i)

© ZTE All rights reserved 22

 PUSCH Power Control—MCS Power Offset

 MCS compensation factor is determined in accordance with Ks

 UE high-level parameter deltaMCS-Enabled determines the Ks
value
 Enable, Ks =1.25, TF (i)  10log10 ((2MPRKS  1) offset
PUSCH
) ；
 Disable, Ks = 0, TF (i)  0

 MPR: PUSCH code rate, bits/RE

 Indicates the number of CQI bits including CRC
 offset
PUSCH
：power offset to PUSCH
 offset ：default: 2. PUSCH only has power control information, and eos nto
CQI


have UL-SCH content

  PUSCH
 offset   offset ，PUSCH上只承载控制信息
CQI
PUSCH only carries control information
 PUSCH
 offset  1 ，
Other
其它 cases


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 PUSCH Power Control—Closed Loop Part
绝对式
Absolute equation

Accumulative
equation

• Controlled by TPC, for example, the control

command of PUSCH is carried in DCI format 0 or
DCI format 3/3a (the former has a higher priority
than the latter)

Timing relation: “receiving PDCCH uplink

authorization ->performing corresponding PUSCH
sending”. The TPC command of the number (i –
KPUSCH) subframe is used for calculating the transmit
power of the number i subframe.

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 PUSCH Power Control—Closed Loop Part

 There are two modes, whose selection is determined by the RRC layer
 Accumulative：f (i)  f (i  1)   PUSCH (i  K PUSCH ) absolute: f (i)   PUSCH (i  K PUSCH )
  PUSCH (i  K PUSCH ) is the TCP command on the number i  K PUSCH subframe
 For FDD, K PUSCH = 4.
 For TDD UL/DL configurations1-6, K PUSCH values are listed in Table 1.
 For TDD UL/DL configuration 0, if the LSB of UL index of DCI0 corresponding to
PUSCH transmit on subframes 2 and 7 is 1, then KPUSCH = 7.
In other cases, K PUSCH values are listed in Table 1.

 Initial setting
 If the high layer is changed the PO_UE_PUSCH parameter f i   0
 Otherwise, f (0)  Prampup   msg 2

 msg 2 is a TPC command in RAR. For details, refer to Table 2.

Prampup is the total power elevation from the first time to the last time of
preamble sending in the random access procedure.

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 PUSCH Closed Loop Power Control (1)
TDD UL/DL subframe number i
Configuration
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 - - 6 7 4 - - 6 7 4
1 - - 6 4 - - - 6 4 -
2 - - 4 - - - - 4 - -
3 - - 4 4 4 - - - - -
4 - - 4 4 - - - - - -
5 - - 4 - - - - - - -
6 - - 7 7 5 - - 7 7 -

Table 1 KPUSCH Values TPC Command Value (in dB)

0 -6
1 -4
2 -2
3 0
4 2
5 4
6 6
7 8

Table2 Corresponding TPC Values in RAR

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 PUSCH Closed Loop Power Control (2)

TPC Command
Accumulated Absolute
Field in
[dB] [dB] only DCI format 0
DCI format 0/3
0 -1 -4
1 0 -1
2 1 1
3 3 4

Table1 TPC Command Words of DCI0 and DCI3

TPC Command Field in

[dB]
DCI format 3A

0
 PUSCH -1

1 1

Table 2 TPC Command Word of DCI3A

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Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control
 PUSCH power control
 PUCCH power control
 SRS power control
 PRACH power control

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 Principle of PUCCH Power Control
PPUCCH i   minPCMAX , P0_PUCCH  PL  hnCQI , nHARQ    F_PUCCHF   g i 
PCMAX: maximum UE power limit configured

PPUCCH(i): PUCCH power on the ith subframe

g 𝑖 Closed loop power control part (accumulative mode)

Compensation
Δ 𝑇𝐹_𝑃𝑈𝐶𝐶𝐻 𝐹 parameters of different
PUCCH formats

𝑃𝐿 Path loss compensation

Open loop
power control part
Note:
1. The ΔTF_PUCCH(F) list is
Compensation parameter
𝒉 𝒏𝑪𝑶𝑰 , 𝒏𝑯𝑨𝑹𝑸 configured on a higher layer.
2. h(nC0I,nHARQ) is used to
𝑷𝑶_𝑷𝑼𝑪𝑪𝑯 compensate for coding protection
differences of different numbers
𝑃𝑂_𝑈𝐸_𝑃𝑈𝐶𝐶𝐻 UE-specific part
of CQI/PMI/RI and ACK/NACK
𝑷𝑶_𝑵𝑶𝑴𝑰𝑵𝑨𝑳_𝑷𝑼𝑪𝑪𝑯 bits in PUCCH format 2/2a/2b.
© ZTE All rights reserved
cell-specific part
 PUCCH Power Control Parameter Descriptions (1)

 Full path loss compensation is used.

 There is no MCS-related power offset.
 PO_PUCCH is composed of the cell-specific part and the UE-specific part. It is the
target received power of format 1a.
  TF_PUCCH (TF ) is power adjustment of different PUCCH formats related to format 1a,
and is set on a higher layer.
 g (i ) is the closed loop part. It compensates for channel changes.
 hn  is determined in accordance with PUCCH feedback information and the
number of information bits.
 nCQI is the number of CQI information bits
 n HARQ is the number of HARQ information bits

For PUCCH 1, 1a, and 1b,

 


 For regular CP, PUCCH2, 2a, and 2b， h nCQI , n HARQ  0

  nCQI 
10 log10   if nCQI  4

h nCQI , n HARQ  
 4


0
 otherwise
© ZTE All rights reserved 30
 PUCCH Power Control Parameter Descriptions (2)

 The closed part of PUCCH power control is similar to PUSCH power control
M 1
g (i )  g (i  1)  
m 0
PUCCH (i  k m )

Table 2 DCI1A/1B/1D/1/2A/2/3

Table 3 PUCCH Power Control Word of DCI3A

© ZTE All rights reserved 31

Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control
 PUSCH power control
 PUCCH power control
 SRS power control
 PRACH power control

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 Principle of SRS Power Control
PSRS (i)  min{ PCMAX , PSRS_OFFSET  10 log10 (M SRS )  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL  f (i)}
PCMAX: maximum UE power configured

PSRS(i): SRS power on the ith subframe

Closed loop power control part (accumulative mode or absolute mode)

SRS power offset configured on a higher layer

Path loss compensation

Open loop
power control part
Note:
logarithm of the
number of RBs
SRS uplink transmit power is
occupied by SRS on calculated based on the expected
the ith subframe received power of PUSCH (P0_PUSCH),
and the closed loop power control
component of PUSCH power control
UE-specific part
f(i) is also used.

© ZTE All rights reserved

cell-specific part
 SRS Power Control

 SRS is used to measure channel quality.

PSRS (i)  min{ PCMAX , PSRS_OFFSET  10 log10 (M SRS )  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL  f (i)}
 Similar to PUSCH channel power control, PCMAX , f (i ) , PO_PUSCH ( j ) ,
and  ( j ) have the same meanings.

PSRS_OFFSET represents power offset used for SRS. It is semi-
statically indicated by user high-layer signaling.
 M SRS represents the number of RBs in the SRS transmission
bandwidth.

© ZTE All rights reserved 34

Contents

 Power control
 Downlink power distribution
 Uplink power control
 PUSCH power control
 PUCCH power control
 SRS power control
 PRACH power control

35
 Principle of PRACH Power Control
P_last_preamble = min(Pcmax, PL + Po_pre + Δ_preamble+(N_pre-1)*dP_rampup)
PCMAX: maximum UE power configured

PPRACH: PRACH transmit power

𝑃𝐿 Path loss compensation

preamble reception target power

(N_pre−1)∗dP_rampup) PRACH retransmission power ramp-up

Δ_preamble Compensation parameter for different preamble types

𝑷𝑶_𝒑𝒓𝒆
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cell-specific part
Thank you