SECOND TRAVELS (1888-1892)

HONG KONG & MACAO

Rizal’s left the Philippines half-sick and disillusioned.

February 3, 1888 - Rizal left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro.

February 8, 1888 - Rizal arrived in Hong Kong

Victoria Hotel- Rizal stayed while in Hong Kong. He was welcomed by Filipino residents,
including Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio, and Manuel Yriarte (son of Francisco Yriarte (son
of Francisco Yriarte, alcalde mayor of Laguna)

Jose Sainz de Varanda- a Spaniard, who was a former secretary of Governor General Terrero,
shadowed Rizal’s movement in Hong Kong

February 18, 1888- Rizal, accompanied by Basa, boarded the ferry steamer, Kiu-Kiang for Macao

Don Juan Francisco Lecaros- A filipino gentleman married to a Portuguese lady

Rizal and Basa stayed at his home while in Macao

February 18, 1888- Rizal witnessed a Catholic possession, in which the devotees were dressed
in blue and purple dresses and were carrying unlighted candles

February 20, 1888- Rizal and Basa returned to Hong Kong, again on board the ferry steamer Kiu
Kiang

February 22, 1888- Rizal left Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American steamer, his
destination was Japan

JAPAN

February 28, 1888- early in the morning of Tuesday, Rizal arrived in Yokohama. He registered at
the Grand Hotel

Tokyo Hotel- Rizal stayed here from March 2 to March 7

Rizal wrote to Professor Blumentritt: “Tokyo is more expensive then Paris. The walls are built in
cyclopean manner. The streets are large and wide.”

Juan Perez Caballero-secretary of the Spanish Legation, who visited Rizal at his hotel who latter
invited him to live at the Spanish Legation
Rizal accepted the invitation for two reasons:

1. he could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation

2. he had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish authorities

March 7, 1888- Rizal checked out of Tokyo Hotel and lived at the Spanish Legation

Rizal left Yokohama on April 13, 1888 on board the steamer Belgic bound for USA. There he met
Techo Suehiro, a Japanese patriot who was persecuted by the Japnese government.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

April 28, 1888- the steamer Belgic, with Rizal on board, docked at San Francisco on Saturday
morning

May 4, 1888- Friday afternoon, the day Rizal was permitted to go ashore

Palace Hotel- Rizal registered here which was then considered a first-class hotel in the city

Rizal stayed in San Francisco for two days—May 4 to 6, 1888

May 6, 1888 - Rizal left San Francisco for Oakland

May 13, 1888 - Rizal reached New York, thus ending his trip across the American continent

May 16, 1888 - Rizal left New York for Liverpool on board the City of Rome. According to Rizal,
this steamer was “the second largest ship in the world, the largest being the Great Eastern”

LONDON

May 25, 1888- a day after docking at Liverpool, Rizal went to London

Rizal stayed as guest at the home of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor, an exile of 1872 and a practicing
lawyer in London. By the end of May, Rizal found a modest boarding place at No. 37 Chalcot
Crescent, Primrose Hill

Rizal was invited for a tea party by Dr. Reinhold Rozt, librarian of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
and an authority on Malayan languages and customs.

The greatest achievement of Rizal in London was the annotating of Morga’s book, Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas (Historical Events of the Philippine Islands), which was published in Mexico,
1609.

September 1888- Rizal visited Paris for a week in order to search for more historical materials in
the Bibliotheque Nationale
Rizal was entertained in this gay French metropolis by Juan Luna and his wife (Pas Pardo de
Tavera), who proudly showed him their little son Andres (nickname Luling)

December 11, 1888- Rizal went to Spain, visiting Madrid and Barcelona

December 24, 1888-Rizal returned to London and spent Christmas and New Year’s Day with the
Becketts

Rizal sent as Christmas gift to Blumentritt a bust of Emperor Augustus and a bust of Julius
Caesar to another friend, Dr. Carlos Czepelak, a Polish scholar

The Life and Adventures of Valentine Vox, the Ventriloquist- a Christmas gift from Rizal’s
landlady Mrs Beckett

A LEADER OF FILIPINOS IN EUROPE

Asociacion La Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association)- a patriotic society and an organization for

reforms, was inaugurated on December 31, 1888, with the following officers: Galicano Apacible
(president); Graciano Lopez Jaena (vice-president); Manuel Santa Maria (secretary); Mariano
Ponce (treasurer) and Jose Ma. Panganiban (accountant)

By unanimous vote of all members, Rizal was chosen honorary president

January 28, 1889- Rizal wrote a letter addressed to the members of the Asociacion La
Solidaridad

THE LA SOLIDARIDAD NEWSPAPER

February 15, 1889- Graciano Lopez Jaena founded the patriotic newspaper called La Solidaridad
in Barcelona

La Solidadridad- fortnightly periodical which served as the organ of the Propaganda Movement

Its aims were as follows:

1. to work peacefully for political and social reforms

2. to portray the deplorable conditions of the Philippines so that Spain may
remedy them
3. to oppose the evil forces of reaction and medievalism
4. to advocate liberal ideas and progress
5. to champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people to life,
democracy and happiness

Los Agricultores Filipinos (The Filipino Farmers)- Rizal’s first article which appeared in La
Solidaridad which is published on March 25, 1889, six days after he left London for Paris
WRITINGS IN LONDON

While busy in research studies at the British Museum, Rizal received news on Fray Rodriguez’
unabated attack on his Noli

La Vision del Fray Rodriguez (The Vision of Fray Rodriguez)- pamphlet written by Rizal which
published in Barcelona under his nom-de-plume Dimas Alang in order to defense his novel

Letter to the Young Women of Malolos- a famous letter written by Rizal on February 22, 1889 in
Tagalog

Dr Reinhold Rost, editor of Trubner’s Record, a journal devoted to Asian studies, requested
Rizal to contribute some articles. In response to his request, the latter prepared two articles—

1. Specimens of Tagal Folklore, which was published in the journal on May 1889
2. Two Eastern Fables, published on June 1889

March 19, 1889- Rizal bade goodbye to the kind Beckett Family and left London for Paris

Valentin Ventura- a friend of Rizal where he lived—No. 45 Rue Maubeuge, where he polished
his annotated edition of Antonio Morga’s book

Rizal was a good friend of the three Pardo de Taveras—Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera, a
physician by vocation and philologist by avocation, Dr. Felix Pardo de Tavera, also a physician by
vocation and an artist and sculptor by avocation, and Paz Pardo de Tavera, wife of Juan Luna

June 24, 1889- a baby girl was born to Juan Luna and Paz Pardo de Tavera, she was their second
child, Rizal was the godfather

May 6, 1889- opening of Universal Exposition of Paris

The greatest attraction of this exposition was the Eiffel Tower, 984 feet high, which was built by
Alexander Eiffel, celebrated French engineer

KIDLAT CLUB

A social club which counted Antonio and Juan Luna as members together with Julio Llorente,
Gregorio Pautu, Baldomero Roxas, Gregorio Aguilera, and Lauro Dimayuga.

March 19, 1889- the same day when he arrived in Paris from London, Rizal organized his
paisanos (compatriots) into a society called Kidlat Club.

Kidlat Club- purely a social society of a temporary nature.

Founded by Rizal simply to bring together young Filipinos in the French capital so that they
could enjoy their sojourn in the city during the duration of the Universal Exposition

INDIOS BRAVOS

In 1889, a group of Filipino ilustrados led by Rizal, formed an organization called Indios Bravos,
or Brave Filipinos. The group was inspired by the Native American performers they saw in a
Wild West show in Paris. The Filipinos admired the courage and dignity of the Native
Americans, and they saw them as kindred spirits.

The members of Indios Bravos were mostly young, educated Filipinos who were living in
Europe. They were inspired by the ideals of the Enlightenment, such as liberty, equality, and
fraternity. They believed that the Filipinos had the right to self-determination and that they
should be treated with dignity and respect.

REDENCION DE LOS MALAYOS

The Redención de los Malayos, or RDLM, was a secret society founded by José Rizal in 1889.
The organization's goal was to promote the education and unity of the “Malayan race”
(Filipinos and the subject peoples of the British East Indies and the Dutch East Indies) and to
prepare them for decolonization.

September 1889- January 1890- The Philippines: A Century Hence was published in four parts in
La Solidaridad

September 6, 1890- Expulsion of the farmers in Calamba

November 15, 1890- Rizal was promoted by Masonry as Master Mason

September 18, 1891- Publication of El Filibusterismo in Ghent, Belgium

October 3, two weeks after the publication of El Filibusterismo, Rizal left Ghent for Paris. He
stayed only a few days in Paris.

On October 18, he boarded the steamer Melbourne for Hong Kong. Rizal arrived in Hong Kong
on November 20, 1891.

March 1892- Rizal planned to resettle the Calamba farmers to North Borneo