Et3400 Text

HEATHKrr
MANUAL
HEATH COMPANY • BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN

The loHowing telephone luimbers are direct lines to the departments listed:
Kit orders and; delivery information (616) 982-341

Credit (616) 982-3561
Reptacement Parts (616) 982-3571
Technical Assistance Phone Numbers

8:00 AM. to 12 P.M. and 1:00 P.M. to 4:30 P.M., EST, Weekdays Only
R/C, Audio, and Electronic Organs (616) 982-3310
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AppHances and General Products (616) 982-3496
Computers (616) 982-3309
YOUR HEATHKIT 90-DAY LtMITED WARRANTY

For a period of ninety (90) days after purchase. Heath Company wiH replace or repair free of charge any parts that
are defective either in materials or v/orkmanship. You can obtain parts directly from Heath Company Ijy writing us at
the address below or by telephoning us at (61 6) 982-3571. And we'll pay shipping charges to get those parts to you
— anywhere in the wortd.
We warrant that during thefirst ninety (90) days after purchase, our products, when correctly assembled, calibrated,
adjusted arxl used in accordance with our printed instructions, will meet published specifications.
If design has caused your Heathkit product to malfunction during the warranty period
a defective part or error in
through no fault of yours, it free upon proof of purchase and delivery at your expense to the Heath
we wilt service
factory, any Heathkit Electronic Center, or any of our authorized overseas distributors.
You will receive free consultation on any problem you might encounter in the assembly or use of your Heathkit
product. Just drop us a line or give us a call. Sorry, we cannot accept collect calls.
Our warranty does not cover and we are not responsible for damage caused by: incorrect assembly, the use of
corrosive soWer, defecSve tools, misuse, or fire; or by unauthorized modifications to or uses of our products for
purposes other than as a(êrtised. Our warranty does not include reimbursement for inconvenience, loss of use,
customer assembly or set-up time.
This warranty covers only Heattvkit products and is not extended to allied equipment or components used in
conjunction with our products. are not responsible for accidental or consequential damages. Some states
W«
do not aHow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the atKJve limitation or exclusion
may not apply to you. This wan-auity gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary
from state to state.
you are not satisfied with our service (warranty or otherwise) or with our products, write directly to our Director of
If
Customer Services, Heatti Company, Benton Harbor, Michigan 49022. He will make certain your problems receive
immediate, personal attention.
HEATH COMPANY
BENTON HARBOR, Ml. 49022
The Heath Company reserves the right to discontinue products and to change specifications at any time without
incurring any obligation to incoiporate new features in products previously sold.
Heathkit® Manual
for the
MICROPROCESSOR
TRAINER
Model ET-3400
595-2021-06
Copyright ©1977
Heath Company
HEATH COMPANY All Rights Reserved
BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN 490 2 2 Printed in ttie United States of America

Page 2
[^^^TB ^^^^B Httg
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 3 In Case of Difficulty 91
Assembly Notes 4 Troubleshooting Charts 93

Parts List 7
Specifications 107
Step-by-Step Assembly
Main Circuit Board 10 Theory of Operation 108
Keyboard Circuit Board 24
Support Bracket Assembly 27 Semiconductor Identification Charts 110
Cabinet Assembly and Wiring 30
Circuit Board
Initial Tests X-Ray View (Illustration Booklet, Page 13]
Voltage Tests 34
Tests Continued 35
Operational Tests 37 Schematic Fold-in
Final Assembly 42 Warranty Inside front cover
Operation 45 Customer Service Inside rear cover

Page 3
INTRODUCTION
The ET-3400 Microcomputer Learning System is a • Uses breadboarding sockets that permit
practical, low cost microprocessor trainer; designed rapid, solderless assembly of IC logic cir-
as a learning tool to teach microprocessor operation, cuitry to be used with the microprocessor.
programming, and applications. The ET-3400 Trainer They are ideal for prototyping special inter-
is designed to accompany the EE-3401 Individual face circuits.
Learning Program on microprocessors. All of the
programming and hardware interface experiments • The microprocessor address bus, data bus,
supplied with this course are implemented on the control lines,and associated signals are buf-
Trainer. While the Trainer was designed primarily to fered and terminated on front panel connec-
accompany this course, it is a flexible, general- tors; allowing complete freedom in experi-
purpose training unit and microprocessor bread- menting with the microprocessor and its as-
board. It can be used in many other applications that sociated circuitry.
require a low cost microprocessor-based software de-
velopement system or as a design aid for developing
special interfaces. • Has eight individual, independent, binary
LED indicators for monitoring logic states in
MAIN FEATURES the breadboard circuitry.
• Uses the popular 6800 Microprocessor.

• Has eight individual, independent, binary
data switches that can be used for supplying
• Is supplied with 2 56 bytes of semiconductor
binary words and logic levels in the bread-
RAM (expandable to 512 bytes).
boarding circuitry.
• Features IK ROM monitor program.
• The built-in power supplies furnish power
to all internal circuitry and have sufficient
• Has hexadecimal keyboard for rapid data reserve to power breadboard circuits. The
and program entry. -1-5 and ±12-volt supply voltages are con-
nected to front panel connectors.
• Has six digits of hexadecimal display for
reading out memory addresses, their con- • Has provision for future expansion of mem-
tents, and register contents. ory and I/O capabilities.
Page 4
ASSEMBLY NOTES
TOOLS
You will need these tools to assemble your kit.
Wl RE
STRI PPERS /
l/4"-BLADE
SCREWDRIVER
OTHER HELPFUL /--^-^

TOOLS
-<JJ DESOLDER ING
BULB*
DESOLDER! NG PENCIL
NUT STARTER NUT
IMAY BE SUPPLIED BRAI D* DRIVERS
SOLDER ING IRON
WITH KIT) (25 TO 40 WATTS)
*T0 REMOVE SOLDER FROM CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS.
ASSEMBLY
Follow the instructions carefully. Read the en- Most kits use a separate "Illustration Booklet"
before you perform each operation.
tire step that contains illustrations (Pictorials, Details,
etc.) that are too large for the Assembly Manual.
The illustrations in the Manual are called Picto- Keep the "Illustration Booklet" with the As-
rials and Details. Pictorials show the overall op- sembly Manual. The illustrations in it are ar-
eration for a group of assembly steps; Details rariged in Pictorial number sequence.
generally illustrate a single step. When you are
directed to refer to a certain Pictorial "for the Position all parts as shown in the Pictorials.
following steps," continue using that Pictorial
until you are referred to another Pictorial for Solder a part or a group of parts only when you
another group of steps. are instructed to do so.
Page 5
Each circuit part in an electronic kit has its own SOLDERING

component number {R2, C4, etc.). Use these
numbers when you want to identify the same
part in the various sections of the Manual. Soldering is one most important operations you
of the
These numbers, which are especially useful if a will perform while assembling your kit. A good sol-
part has to be replaced, appear: der connection will form an electrical connection be-
tween two parts, such as a component lead and a
— In the Parts List, circuit board foil. A bad solder connection could pre-
vent an otherwise well-assembled kit from operating
— At the beginning of each step where a properly.
component is installed,
— In some illustrations, It is easy to make a good solder connection if you

follow a few simple rules:
— In the Schematic,
1. Use the right type of soldering iron. A 25 to
— In the section at the rear of the Manual. 40-watt pencil soldering iron with a 1/8" or
3/16" chisel or pyramid tip works best.
When you are instructed to cut something to a

particular length, use the scales (rulers) pro- 2. Keep the soldering iron tip clean. Wipe it often
vided at the bottom of the Manual pages. on a wet sponge or cloth; then apply solder to
the tip to give the entire tip a wet look. This
SAFETY WARNING: Avoid eye injury when you cut process is called tinning, and it will protect the
off excess lead lengths. Hold the leads so they cannot tip and enable you to make good connections.
fly toward your eyes. When solder tends to "ball" or does not stick to
the tip, the tip needs to be cleaned and retin-
ned.
Page 6
PARTS
Resistors will be called out by their resistance value
1/4- WATT
in ft (ohms), kft (kilohms), or Mft (megohms). Certain OR
types of resistors will have the value printed on the 1/2- WATT
body, while others will be identified by a color code.
The colors of the bands and the value will be given in
the steps, therefore the following color code is given
1-WATT
for information only.
BANDS: 12 3/
Multiplier
Tolerance
&-BAND RESISTORS 2-WATT

(±1%)
* Note Wide
Space
4-BAND RESISTORS:
(±10% \
±5% / BANDS: 1
Band 1
Page 7
PARTS LIST
Check each part against the following list. Any part To order a replacement part: Always include the
that is packed in an individual envelope with the part PART NUMBER. Use the Parts Order Form furnished
number on it should be placed back in the envelope with the kit. If one is not available, see "Replacement
after you identify it until it is called for in a step. Do Parts" inside the rear cover of the Manual. Your War-
not discard any packing materials until all parts are ranty is located inside the front cover. For prices, refer
accounted for. to the separate "Heath Parts Price List."
The key numbers correspond to the numbers on the

"Parts Pictorial" in the separate "Illustration Book-
let" on Pages 1 and 2.
KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT
No. Part No. Comp. No. No. Part No. Comp. No.
Resistors (cont'd.)
RESISTORS A1 6-153-12 1 15 kn (brown-green-orange) R8
A1 6-273-12 2 27 kO (red-violet-orange) R1,R42
NOTES: A1 6-104-12 3 100 kfi (brown-black-yellow) R11, R12,
R14
All resistors are 10% tolerance unless otherwise A1 6-154-12 1 1 50 kfi (brown-green-yellow) R9
noted. A fourth color band of silver indicates a 10% A1 6-224-12 2 220 kfi (red-red-yellow) R7, R50
tolerance; a fourth band of gold indicates 5% toler- A1 6-824-12 1 820 kll (gray-red-yellow) R13
ance.
The resistors may be packed in more than one Other Resistors

envelope. Open all the resistor envelopes in this
pack before you check them against the Parts List. A2 6-680 2 68 n, 1/2-watt (blue-gray- R3, R4
black)
1/4- Watt Resistors
A1
Page 8
KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT

No. Part No.
DIODES
C1 56-56 4 1N41 49 diode
C1 57-42 2 3A1 diode

CI 57-65 4 1N4002 diode
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (IC's)
NOTES:
Page 9
KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT

No. Part No. Comp. No.
TERMINAL STRIPS — CONNECTORS —

SOCKETS
G1
Page 10
STEP-BY-STEP ASSEMBLY
a XSB.A.'Z'XXXCX'Te
The steps performed in this Pictorial are

in this area of the circuit board.
CONTINUE<3>
MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD [ ) Solder the resistor leads to the
PART circuit board as follows:
NUMBER
1. Push the soldering iron
tip against both the lead
and the circuit board
STARTS Heat both for two
foil.
or three
IDENTIFICATION seconds.
In the following steps you will be given
detailed instructions on how to install
DRAWING SOLDERING
RON'
and solder the first part on the circuit
COMPONENT
board. Read and perform each step LE/\D^
carefully. Then use the same proce-
dure whenever you install parts on a FOIL
circuit board.
CIRCUIT BOARD
) Position the board as
circuit
Then apply solder to the
shown in the identification draw-
other side of the connec-
ing with the printed side up.
tion. IMPORTANT: Let
the heated lead and the
R49: Hold a 1200 il (brown-red-
circuit board foil melt the
red) resistor by the body as shown
solder.
and bend the leads straight down.
SOLDERING
RON
SOLDER
PUSH DOWN
HERE
As the solder begins to

melt, allow it to flow
around the connection.
Then remove the solder
Push the leads through the holes and the iron and let the
at the indicated location on the connection cool.
circuit board. The end with
SOLDER ING
color bands may be positioned
either way. SOLDER
) Press the resistor against the cir-

cuit board. Then bend the leads
outward slightly to hold the re-
sistor in place.
) Hold the lead with one hand
while you cut off the excess lead
length close to the connection.
Kvvvvxvyv This will keep you from being hit
in the eye by the flying lead.
Check the connection. Compare it

to the illustrations on the next
page. After you have checked the
solder connections, proceed with
the assembly on page 12. Use the
PICTORIAL 1-1 same soldering procedure for
each connection.
Page 11
A GOOD SOLDER CONNECTION

I
SOLDER FLOWS OUTWARD

AND GRADUALLY BLENDS
WITH THE FOIL AND
THE LEAD. SOLDERING
RON
FOIL POS ITIONED
CORRECTLY
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\^^^^^
I When you heat the lead and the circuit board foil at the same
I time, the solder will flow evenly onto the lead and the foil.
I
The solder will make a good electrical connection between
I the lead and the foil.
POOR SOLDER CONNECTIONS

SOLDER DOES NOT FLOW
ONTO LEAD. A DARK ROSIN
BEAD SURROUN DS AND IN- '
SOLDERING
SOLDER APPEARS TO FLOW ~>^ IRON
SULATES THE LEAD FROM ROS INWARD AND S_ET ON TOP
IN POSITIONED
THE CONNECT ION
/ /
' / SOLDERING OF THE FOIL. INCORRECTLY
^-V IRON
FOIL
^\^^^^^\\\\\\^^\^^^^^^\^^^\^
^
p^^^^^
POSITIONED
INCORRECTLY
When the lead is not heated sufficiently, the solder When the foil is not heated sufficiently the solder will
will not flow onto the lead as shown above. To cor- blob on the circuit board as shown above. To correct,
rect, reheat the connection and, if necessary, apply a reheat the connection and, if necessary, apply a small
small amount of additional solder to obtain a good amount of additional solder to obtain a good connec-
connection. tion.
SOLDER BRIDGES
A solder bridge between two adjacent foils is shown
in photograph A. Photograph B shows how the con-
nection should appear. A solder bridge may occur if
you accidentally touch an adjacent previously sol-
dered connection, if you use too much solder, or if
you "drag" the soldering iron across other foils as you
remove it from the connection. A good rule to follow
is: always take a good look at the foil area around
each
lead before you solder it. Then, when you solder the
connection, make sure the solder remains in this area SOLDER
and does not bridge to another foil. This is especially
important when the foils are small and close together.
BRIDGE
NOTE: It is alright for solder to bridge two connec-
tions on the same foil.
Use only enough solder to make a good connection,

and lift the soldering iron straight up from the circuit
board. If a solder bridge should develop, turn the
circuit board foii-side-down and heat the solder be-

tween connections. The excess solder will run onto
the tip of the soldering iron, and this will remove the
solder bridge. NOTE: The foil side of most circuit
boards has a coating on it called "solder resist." This
is a protective insulation to help prevent solder
bridges.
Page 12
MEl-A.TEiK:iX«

PART
NUMBER
MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD

IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING CONTINUED
START RIO: 8200 ft (gray-red-red).
NOTE: When you install an IC socket, R7: 220 kft (red-red-yellow).

use the following procedure:
R9: 1 50 kft (brown-green-yellow).
1. Be sure all the pins are
straight. R2: 150 ft (brown-green-brown).
2. Insert the pins into the holes.

R14: 100 kft (brown-black-
yellow).
3. Turn the circuit board over

R12: 100 kft (brown-black-
and be sure the correct
yellow).
number of pins extend from
the board. If not, one or more R13: 820 kft (gray-red-yellow)
pins may be bent under the
socket. Remove the socket, Rll: 100 kft (brown-black-
straighten the pins, and yellow).
reinstall the socket.
R15: 8200 ft (gray-red-red).
4. Solder the pins to the foil as

you install each socket. R5: 8200 ft (gray-red-red).
NOTE: Some socket pins will

have no foil pads; do not sol- R6: 6800 ft (blue-gray-red).
der these pins.

14-pin IC socket at IC18.
R50; 220 kft (red-red-yellow).
Rl; 27 kft (red-violet-orange).
R8; 15 kft (brown-green-orange).
R3: 68 ft, 1/2-watt (blue-gray-

black).
R4: 68 ft, 1/2-watt (blue-gray-

black).
16-pin IC sockets at the seven follow-

Solder the leads to the foil and cut
ing locations:
off the excess lead lengths.
( ] IC14. ( 1 IC19. 14-pin IC socket at IC21.

{ ) IC15. ( ) IC20.
( 1 IC16. (
) IC22.
( J IC17.
NOTE; Be sure you install the first re- PICTORIAL 1-2

sistor (Page 10).
Page 13
(^ liEA-TMICIT§1
IDENTIFICATION NOTE: Hold the leads with a pair of

DRAWING long-nosed pliers close to the body of
the diode. Then bend the leads down.
PART
NUMBER

in these areas of the circuit board.
Detail 1-3A
CONTINUED
NOTE; As you install the remaining
START components on
the leads to the
this Pictorial, solder
foil and cut off the
( ) Install thirty 470 ft (yellow-
excess lead lengths.
violet-brown) resistors in the area
shown. After you install each DlO: 1N4149 diode (#56-56).
)
group of five or six resistors, sol-
der their leads to the foil and cut R63: 470 ft (yellow-violet-brown).
off the excess lead lengths. NOTE:
See "Circuit Board X-RAY 16-pin IC socket at IC23.
Views" in the "Illustration Book-
let" for circuit component num- D5: 1N4002 diode (#57-65).
bers.
R71: 470ft (yellow-violet-brown)
In the next column you will install D6: 1N4002 diode (#57-65).
diodes. Be sure you install each diode
as follows. 16-pin IC socket at IC24.
IMPORTANT: THE BANDED END OF DIODES CAN
D4: 1N4Q02 diode (#57-65).
BE MARKED IN A NUMBER OF WAYS.
R79: 470 ft (yellow-violet-brown).
D3: 1N4002 diode (#57-65).

CAUTION; ALWAYS POSITION THE
BANDED END AS SHOWN ON THE 16-pin IC socket at IC26.
CIRCU IT BOARD.
SOLI D BODY
1 =111 Dl: 3A1 diode (#57-42). See De-
tail 1-3A.
BANDED END
=1
GLASS
"'•''BAND _\_^,^
COLORED
BODY D2: 3A1 diode (#57-42). See De-
END tail 1-3A.
If your diode has a solid body, the band
is clearly defined. If your diode has a R106: 4700 ft (yellow-violet-red).
glass body,do not mistake the colored
end inside the diode for the banded 16-pin IC socket at IC28.
end. Look for a band painted on the

R1G4: 470 ft (yellow-violet-
outside of the glass.
brown).
PICTORIAL 1-3
Page 14
HEJArrHIEITe
IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING
START
14-pin IC sockets at the six following
locations:
n H. {
1 z.
in this area of the circuit board. CONTINUED
f ] I. t )V. Install twelve 470 fl (yellow-violet-
( ) N. ( ) C. brown) resistors.
( ] 24-pin IC socket, at IC12.
NOTE: When you install the diodes in

the next three steps, be sure to position
the banded ends as shown.
CAUTION: ALWAYS POSI TlOW THE

BANDFD END AS SHOWN ON THE
CIRCUIT BOAR D.
1 R62.
SOLI D BODY
==(iZZ>= ] R61.
-:. BANDED END
) R70.
BAND GLASS ) R69.

BODY COLORED
END ) R78.
If your diode has a solid body, the band
) R77.
is clearly defined. If your diode has a
glass body,do not mistake the colored
) R86.
end inside the diode for the banded
end. Look for a band painted on the ) R85,
outside of the glass.
) R94.
( ) D7: 1N4149 diode (#56-56).
) R93.
( 1 D8: 1N4149 diode (#56-56).
) R102.
( 1 D9: 1N4149 diode (#56-56).
) RlOl.
( ) Soldertheleads tothefoil andcut
) Solder the leads to the foil and cut

( ] 16-pin IC socket at IC13. off the excess lead lengths.
NOTE; When you install a terminal

pin, push the pin as far as possible into
he circuit board hole. Then solder the
pin to the foil and cut off the excess pin
ength.
TERM NAL I
CI RCU IT BOARD '

PIN
\
'ttM('{i'<i'-'''-'(i'ii
SOLDER AND' \ FOIL

CUT OFF
Two terminal pins at "SEGMENT
TEST."
PICTORIAL 1-4
Page 15
m.
PART
NUMBER
IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING
STARTS
) R51: 8200 fi (gray-red-red).
] R42: 27 kfl (red-violet-orange).
) R43: 8200 ft (gray-red-red).

CONTINUE<3^
) 14-pin IC socket at IC9.
f ) R45: 8200 il (gray-red-red).

14-pin IC socket at IClO.
40-pin IC socket at ICll.
( ] R40: 8200 fl (gray-red-red).
( 1 R46: 8200 il (gray-red-red).
} R48: 8200 ft (gray-red-red).
( ] Solder the leads to the foil and cut

) 20-pin IC socket at IC7. Be sure all

the pins protrude through the
board before you solder any of
them.
20-pin IC socket
( ) at IC8.
m
PICTORIAL 1-5
Page 16
j^S MEJA-TMICITe
CONTINUE O
Install eight 8200 il (gray-red-red) re-
sistor.
) R24.
START ) R25.
Install four 4700 fl (yellow-violet-red)
resistors. ) R26.
) R16. ) R27.
) R17. ) R28.
] R22. ) R29.
) R23 ) R30.
) Solder the leads to the foil and cut ) R31.

J 20-pin IC socket at ICl. off the excess lead lengths.
Install three 8200 ft (gray-red-red) re-

sistors.
) R44.
) R41.
) R47.

( ) 16-pin IC socket at IC2.
( J 14-pin IC socket at IC5.
( ) 16-pin IC socket at IC3.
( )
1" hare wire. Remove 1" of insula-
tion from the yellow wire. Then

cut off the bare wire, install it,
solder ends to the foil, and cut

its
off the excess wire ends.
PICTORIAL 1-6
Page 17
I€H!A.T3EIICIT
START The steps performed in this Pictorial are

PICTORIAL 1-7
Page 18
IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING

START
IMPORTANT: As you install LED's in
the following step, be sure to match the
flat on each LED with the outline of the
flat on the circuit board as shown.
LED2 through LED9: Install eight

1/4" red LED's in the shaded area.
) R32 through R39: Install eight 180

il (brown-gray-brown) resistors.
) Locate an 8-pin connector block.

Then refer to Detail 1-8A below
and check all four contacts on the
bottom of the block. If you find
any burrs or raised edges, press
them down with a screwdriver
blade or similar tool. This will
prevent them from causing a short
circuit on the circuit board.
NOTE: Make sure you use this
connector block in the next step.
CHECK FOR BURRS OR

RAISED EDGES HERE.
Detail 1-8A
PICTORIAL 1-8
Page 19
HE3A.THICITe
IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING
PART
in these areas of the circuit board.
NUMBER
CONTINUED
NOTE: When you install a tantalum
capacitor, install the lead marked with
the positive f+] mark or color dot on
the capacitor in the positive + [ )
marked hole on the board.
POSITIVE
SIGN
START
) C14: .01 /xF ceramic.
) C23: 100 pF mica.
) CI 5: .01 fxF ceramic.
) C16; .01 fxF ceramic.

-
Page 20
j^5 ME!A.TIiICITe
START
In the following steps, install IC's in The steps performed in this Pictorial are
the designated sockets. Be careful to in this area of the circuit board.
match the pin 1 end of each IC to the

index mark on the circuit board. See
Detail 1-lOA.
Before you apply downward pressure

to an IC, make sure each IC pin is cen- IDENTIFICATION
tered in proper socket hole. Handle
its
DRAWING
IC's with care, as their pins bend very
^
easily. . "Vs^''"^
=:=\ INDEX
MARK
NOTE: An IC puller has been furnished
to remove an IC from its socket if
necessary.
Push the shorter end of the puller in

between the IC and the socket and rock
the longer portion back and forth. Be
very careful, as the IC pins are very
easily bent.
f ] ICl: 74I,S241 (#443-824).
f ) ^C4: 74126N f#443-717).
) IC2: 74LS42 (#443-807). Be sure

to notice the index mark on the
circuit board.
( ) IC5: 74S00 (#443-26).
( ) IC6: 74LS241 (#443-824).
( ] IC7: 74LS241 (#443-824).
( ) IC8: 74LS241 (#443-824).
) IC3: 74LS42 (#443-807).
SMALL PICTORIAL 1-10

NOTCH
INDENTATION
PIN 1 PIN 1 PIN 1 PIN 1
-
Detail 1-lOA.
Page 21
IDENTIFICATION
DRAWING
PART
NUMBER

START
) IC9: 74LS243 f#443-839).
) ICIO: 74LS243 (#443-839).
1 IC18: LM3302N or LM2901N

(#442-616).
) IC19: MC6875 (#443-840).
) IC20: 74LS42 (#443-807).
) IC21: 74S00 (#443-26).
) IC22: 74LS42 (#443-807).
) IC23: 74LS259 (#443-804).
IC24: 74LS259 (#443-804).
) IC25: 74LS259 (#443-804).
IC26: 74LS259 (#443-804).
) IC27: 74LS259 (#443-804).
1 IC28: 74LS259 (#443-804).
NOTE: The remaining integrated cir-

cuits will be installed later. IC's 16 and
17 are supplied with the educational
course.
PICTORIAL 1-11
Page 22
CONNECTOR VINYI
— STRIP STRI
NSULAT
PAPEI
Detail 1-12B
Refer to PartA of Detail 1-12B and install the
connector strips (supplied with the large con-
nector block) into the block in the manner
shown. NOTE: You may have some connector
strips left over.
Wl DE
SPACE
Turn the connector block right side up, and
Detail 1-12A with a screwdriver handle or similar tool, tap on
the top of the block until all the connector strips
are fully seated up into the block.
Refer to Pictorial 1-12 (Illustration Booklet, Page 3) for
the following steps. Refer to Part B of Detail 1-12B and remove the
paper backing from the vinyl strip supplied
Reposition the main circuit board as shown. with the connector block. Position the connec-
( )
tor as shown, line up the long edge of the vinyl
1-12A and mount the strip with the long edge of the connector block,
{ 1 SWl: Refer to Detail
rocker switch on the main circuit board at SWl and firmly press the strip onto the block.
with two 6-32 x 3/16" screws. Install the switch
so the lugs are positioned as shown in the De- ( ) Refer to Detail 1-12B and remove the backing
tail.
paper from the insulating paper. Then apply the
insulating paper along the indicated edges of
the vinyl strip.Keep the paper even with the
edges of the large connector block.
LARGE
CONNECTOR
BLOCK
i i
#4 X 5/16"
SELF-TAPPING
^ ^ SCREW (MJ
Detail 1-12C
Page 23
FOIL SIDE CIRCUIT BOARD CHECKOUT

OF CIRCUIT BOARD
Carefully inspect the foil side of the circuit board for

TOP OF
CIRCU IT the following conditions.
BOARD
( ) Unsoldered connections.
( } Poor solder connections.
( ) Solder bridges between foil patterns. NOTE: If
Detail 1-12D you are in doubt about a foil pattern, refer to the
"Circuit Board X-Ray View" (Illustration Book-
let, Page 18).
( ) With the tip of a pencil, push through the three
mounting hole locations in the vinyl strip. { ) Protruding leads which could touch together.
( ) Refer to Detail 1-12C and mount the large con- Carefully inspect the component side of the circuit
nector block on the main circuit board with board for the following conditions.
three #4 x 5/16" self-tapping screws.
[ ) Integrated circuits for proper type and installa-
( ) Refer to Detail 1-12D and mount a 3-pin IC tion.
socket at IC29 on the top edge of the circuit
board as shown. Place the edge-mount retainers Tantalum capacitors for the correct position of
{ )
over the edge of the circuit board; then rotate the positive (-I-) mark or dot.
the pins into their holes on the foil side of the
board. Carefully solder the three pins to the foil. Diodes for the correct position of the banded
( 1
ends.
( ] In the same manner, install a 3-pin IC socket at
IC30. LED's for the correct position of the flat sides.
{ ]
( ) LEDl: Refer to Detail 1-12E and mount the 3/8" NOTE: There many unused connections on the
are
red LED
near the rocker switch as shown. Be foil side of the main circuit board, some of which will
sure to match the flat on the LED with the out- be used later. As you make further connections to the
line of the flat on the circuit board. NOTE: Be- circuit board, be sure to inspect each one carefully to
fore you cut off the excess leads, be sure the be sure the foils remain unbridged.
bottom edge of the LED is 1/4" above the board,
and that it is not tilted. Solder the leads to the Set the main circuit board aside temporarily.
foil.
3/8" RED LEO

(#412-640)
Detail 1-12E
J Va 72 %
I
1/8 , 3/8 I
5/8 ,
7
Page 24
XiHl-A-TKICITe
KEYBOARD CIRCUIT BOARD
START
Position the keyboard circuit board as CONTINUE^:>
shown. Then proceed with the follow-
As you install pushbutton switches in
ing steps.
the following step, be sure each key is
NOTE: To prepare a wire, as in the fol- down against the top of the keyboard
lowing step, cut it to the indicated before you solder its two lugs. Your
length and remove 1/4" of insulation switches may look different than the
from each end. If the wire is stranded, one shown.

tightly twist each wire end and apply a
small amount of solder to hold the fine
strands together.
PUSHBUTTON
SWITCH
[ ] Prepare the following wires:
One white stranded

2-1/2"
Nine white stranded
1-1/2"
One 1-3/8" yellow
'•^^f^«?^v:ipSi^
As you install a prepared wire in the
following steps, solder it to the foil and
cut off the excess wire length.
f ) 17 pushbutton switches.
f )
2-1/2" white wire at A.
( ) Nine 1-1/2" white wires at B CIRCUIT BOARD CHECKOUT

through K.
Carefully inspect the circuit board for
] R52 through R57: Install six 8200 the following conditions.
n fgray-red-red) resistors. Solder
the leads to the foil and cut off the f ) Unsoldered connections.
excess lead lengths.
f ) "Cold" solder connections.
) 1-3/8" yellow wire jumper.
f ) Solder bridges between foil pat-
terns.
j Remove the insulation from 1" of
brown wire. Then cut off this bare
f ) Protruding leads which could
touch together.
( )
1" bare wire at L.
( ) R107: 180 n{brown-gray-brown).

Mount it vertically down on the
circuit board, solder the lead to
the foil, and cut off the excess lead
length, The free lead will be con-
PICTORIAL 2-1
nected later.
'xyy^y^yy^/rj^y//J7/J77777;
° Va Va y* 1
1/8 ,
3/e 5/8 7/8
|mi'i |i'in^
I I
"^
Page 25
-/
6-32 X 1/4'
SCREW
O
^ MAIN CIRCUIT
BOARD
Detail 3-1
Refer to Pictorial 3-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page 3) for Refer to Detail 3-lA, turn the main circuit board
the following steps. upside down, and loosely mount spacers onto
the foil side at the four locations shown in the
Pictorial. Use 6-32 x 1/4" screws and #6
lockwashers.
Page 26
m
1" WIRE
Connect the wires coming from the keyboard circuit

board to the main circuit board:
Wire B to B.
Wire K to K.
Wire J to J.
Wire H to H.
Wire G to G.
Wire F to F.
Wire E to E.
Wire A to A.
Wire D to D.
Wire C to C.
FHp the keyboard circuit board over, end-for-

end, (keep the wires out of the way] and posi-
tion the tops of the pushbutton switches into
their corresponding holes in the main circuit
board. your switches have springs and brass
(If
washers, you may have to force them through

the holes).
Connect the wire coming from keyboard hole L

to hole M
on the main circuit board. Do not
solder the connection.
Connect the resistor coming from keyboard

hole Mto hole L on the main circuit board. Do
Detail 3-lB not solder the connection.
( ) Loosely install four 6-32 X 1/4" screws and #6

( ) Position the keyboard circuit board, foil-side lockwashers at the keyboard corner holes. Turn
down, onto the main circuit board as shown in the screws into the spacers as shown.
Detail 3-lB.
( ) On the topof the main circuit board, tighten the

NOTE: As you each wire, push it into its
install four 6-32 screws to secure the spacers; then
designated hole and leave approximately 1/16" of the tighten the four keyboard mounting screws.
bare wire above the foil so it will make a good solder
connection. Solder each wire to the foil as it is ( ) Solder the wire and resistor lead to the main
installed and cut off the excess wire ends on the top of circuit board at L and M
and cut off the excess
the circuit board. lengths.
% Ys 3/4 1
1
1/8 ,
3/8 I
5/8 ,
7/8 I
-1-+.
|I|||'|
|
m M
/
r
1 (CM) 2
Page 27
means to solder the connection. The number follow-

ing the "S" tells how many wires are at the connec-
tion.
6-32
SCREW
X 1/4
"^^ ( ) C6: Connect the positive ( + ) lead of a 1200 fxF
capacitor to terminal strip C lug 1 (NS) and the
negative lead to solder lug A (NS). Position the
#6 SOLDFR LUG capacitor as shown in the Pictorial.
^6-32 NUT
( ) Cut the lead at the negative (unmarked) end of

another 1200 fxF electrolytic capacitor to 1/2".
Detail 4-lA
( ) C7: Connect the negative (unmarked) lead of

the other 1200 /xF capacitor to terminal strip C
lug 2 (NS) and the positive ( -f ) lead to solder lug
SUPPORT BRACKET ASSEMBLY A (S-2).
Refer to Pictorial 4-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page 4) for Refer to Detail 4-lC for the next two steps.
the following steps.
( ) Position the support bracket on your work area ( ) Refer to the inset drawing on Detail 4-1 C and
as shown. open the container of silicone grease. Apply a
liberal coating of the grease to the bottom of the
( ) Refer to Detail 4-lA and mount a solder lug at A )LiA309K integrated circuit (#442-30).
with a 6-32 x 1/4" screw and a 6-32 nut. Position
the solder lug as shown in the Pictorial. ( ) IC3 1 Carefully observe the wide spacing on the
:
IC holes in the support bracket at IC31 and place
) Press a rubber grommet into hole B. the TO-3 socket on the underside of the bracket
(
as shown in the Detail. Be sure the shoulders of

( ) Refer to Detail 4-lB and mount a 2-lug terminal the socket are centered in the two end holes.
strip at C. Use a 6-32 x 1/4" screw,#6 Then push the pins of the /aA309K IC into the
lockwasher, #6 solder lug, and 6-32 nut. Posi- socket, through the support bracket. Making
tion the terminal strip and solder lug as shown sure the socket shoulders are centered in still
in the Pictorial. their holes, secure the IC with two 6-32 x 1/2"
screws.
( ) Gut the lead at the positive (+) end of a 1200 /aF
electrolytic capacitor (#25-241) to 1/2".
NOTE: In the following steps, (NS) means not to sol-

der a connection because other wires or leads will be
connected later. "S-" with a number, such as (S-2),
TO-3
6-32
NUT #6 SOLDER LUG
Page 28
CRhVlP TABS FIRMLY

) Cut a 2" piece of flat braid.
(
SPADE LUG yfl!^>'
( ) Refer to Detail 4-2A and crimp and solder a

spade lug onto one end of the 2" braid. Apply a
liberal amount of solder to 1/4" of the free braid
end.
( ) Loosely mount the support bracket to the foil

side of the main circuit board at E with a 6-32 x
1/4" screw and a 6-32 nut. Secure the support
Detail 4-2A bracket and the spade lug with the braid at F
with a 6-32 X 1/4" screw and 6-32 nut. Be sure to
Refer to Pictorial 4-2 (Illustration Booklet, Page 4) for position the free end of the braid as shown in
the following steps. the Pictorial. Tighten the support bracket
mounting hardware.
( ) Reposition the support bracket as shown.
( ) Refer to the Pictorial and form the center of the
( ) As you did in Detail 4-1 A, mount a #6 solder braid and the spade lug as shown to be sure the
lug at D with a 6-32 x 1/4" screw and a 6-32 nut. braid will not come in contact with any of the
Position the solder lug as shown in the Picto- other circuit board foils.
rial.
( ] Refer to Detail 4-2B and add a liberal amount of

Cut a 1-3/4" piece of sleeving.
( )
solder to the indicated foil pad on the main
circuit board. Be very careful not to form a
Cl: Cut the negative (unmarked) lead of the
( )
bridge to other foils. Press the free end of the
6000 jllF electrolytic capacitor to 1". Connect the
braid onto the top of this foil pad and heat it
negative lead of the capacitor to solder lug D
with the soldering iron until the solder melts
(S-1). Place the 1-3/4" sleeve on the positive (+)
into the braid. Hold the braid in place with
lead and connect the lead to socket IC31 lug 1 has cooled.
pliers until it
(NS).
( ] Prepare a 3" yellow wire.
( ) Connect the 3" yellow wire from solder lug C

(S-l)toIC31 lug 3 (NS).
( ) C2: Cut one lead of a .22 /xF Mylar capacitor to

5/8". Connect this shortened lead to socket IC3
lug 3 (NS) and the longer lead to lug 1 (NS).

nh
FORM
BRAID
( ) C3: Cut one lead of the other .22 /aF Mylar
capacitor to 5/8". Connect this lead to socket
IC31 lug 3 (S-3) and the longer lead to lug 2
(NS). SUPPORT
BRACKET
( ) Prepare a 7-1/4" orange wire.
( ) Connect one end of the 7-1/4" orange wire to ADD SOLDER

socket IC31 lug 2 (S-2). TO FOIL PAD
( ) Prepare a 9" white-orange wire.

Detail 4-2B
( 1 Connect one end of the 9" white-orange wire to
socket 1C31 lug 1 (S-3).
(INCHES) 2 3 4
O
^
"l
1/4 Vs Va
^ 1,1,1.1,1.1,1,1
I
1/S 3/S 5/a ,
I
,
7/8 I
. 1 ,
pTTrpTTT'l '-T 1
'
O 5 (CM) 1 2 3
Page 29
( ] Connect a 2-1/2" white-brown wire from hole S

(S-1) to switch SWl lug 7 (S-1).
( ) Connect a 2-1/2" brown wire from holeT (S-1) to

switch SWl lug 4 (S-1).
( ] Connect a 1-3/4" orange wire from hole U (S-1)

to switch SWl lug 2 (NS) Be sure this wire does
.
not cover the large nearby hole.
( ) Form the orange wire coming from socket IC31

lug 2 downward and across the circuit board as
shown. Connect the free end of the wire to SWl
lug 2 (S-2).
Detail 4-2C
( ) Refer to Detail 4-2 C and pass the tip of the cable ) Route the free end of the white-orange wire
(
tie through hole G in the support bracket mak- coming from socket IC31 lug 1 downward to the
ing sure the rough side is facing upward. Then board, and along the board as shown. Connect
pass the tie across the rear of the bracket and the free end of the wire to circuit board hole X
back through hole H making sure the rough side (S-1).
is down. Pass the cable tie around capacitor Cl
and push the tip of the tie through the other end ( ) Connect one end of a 6-1/2" yellow wire to cir-
retainer as shown. Pull the tie until it is tightly cuit board hole W
(S-1). Route the wire rear-
secure around the capacitor; then cut off the ward, through support bracket grommet B.
excess tie end. Connect the wire end to terminal strip C lug 1
(S-2).
the following steps. Connect one end of a 6-1/4" white-yellow wire
( )
to circuit board hole V (S-1). Route the wire

( ) Reposition the circuit board as shown. rearward, through support bracket grommet B.
Connect the wire end to terminal strip C lug 2
( ) Prepare the following wires: (S-2).
1-1/4" red 6-1/2" yellow

( J
Connect one end of a 13" brown wire to circuit
2-1/2" white-brown 6-1/4" white-yellow board hole P (S-1). Route the wire forward,
2-1/2" brown 13" brown through support bracket grommet B. Connect
1-3/4" orange 13" white-brown the free end of the wire to switch SWl lug 5
(S-1).
NOTE: As you wires in the following steps,
install
form each of them as shown in the Pictorial. After a
( ) Connect one end of a 13" white-brown wire to
wire has been soldered to the foil or to the switch lug,
circuit board hole N (S-1). Route the wire for-
cut off any excess wire lengths.
ward and through grommet B. Connect the free
( } Connect one end of a 1-1/4" red wire to switch end of the wire to switch SWl lug 8 (S-1).
SWl lug 1 fS-1). Slide a ferrite bead (#475-12)
onto the free end of this wire; then connect the Set the main circuit board assembly aside temporar-
free end to the main circuit board hole R (S-lj. ily.
Page 30
SOLDER THIS CLI P
WRAP WIRE UNDER

TERMINAL STRIP
Fl
3/8 A Detail 5-lA Detail 5-lC
SLOW-BLOW
FUSE
CABINET ASSEMBLY AND WIRING. ( ) Refer to inset drawing #1 on Detail 5-lB and
insert the end of the line cord through hole AB
Refer to Pictorial 5-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page 5) for from the outside of the cabinet bottom. Tie a
the following steps. knot in the line cord 4-1/2" from the end as
shown.
( ) Temporarily mount a 6-lug terminal strip on
cabinet post AA with a #6 x 3/8" hex head ( ) Refer to inset drawing #2 on Detail 5- IB and
screw as shown. identify the smooth lead and the ribbed lead of
the line cord. Then prepare the end of the line
( ] Fl: Refer to Detail 5-1 A
install two fuse
and cord as shown in the Detail.
clips and the 3/8-ampere fuse on terminal strip
AA lugs 2 and 4. Solder the fuse clip onto lug 4 ( ) Tightly twist the bare wire ends and apply a
NOTE: Do
only. not use excessive heat to avoid small amount of solder to hold the fine strands
damage to the fuse. together.
NOTE: As you connect the line cord leads in the

IN5ET#1 INSET#2
following steps, be sure to make a mechanically se-
cure connection. Wrap the lead ends securely under
the terminal strip as shown in Detail 5-lC.
] Smooth lead to the eyelet of lug 4 (S-l).
] Ribbed lead to the eyelet of lug 6 (S-l).
) Refer to Detail 5-lD and prepare the transformer

leads as shown. Measure the leads from the
edge of the transformer. If necessary, twist the
lead ends tightly and apply a small amount of
solder.
) Tl: Refer to Pictorial 5-1 and install the power

transformer with the red and green leads up as
shown. Use #6 x 1-1/8" self-tapping screws.
Detail 5- IB
o 'A Vi %
1/8 , 3/8 I
5/8 +-L
frrMrrt- "-T
Page 31
Detail 5-lD
DO NOT
CUT
ALTERNATE LINE VOLTAGE WIRING
Two sets of line voltage wiring instructions are given

below, one for 120 VAC and the other for 240 VAC. In
the United States, 120 VAC is most common. USE
ONLY THE INSTRUCTIONS THAT AGREE WITH
THE LINE VOLTAGE IN YOUR AREA. FOR 240 VAC
FOR 120 VAC
Detail 5-lF
Refer to Detail 5-lF fcr the following steps. In these

Detail 5-lE steps, make connexions to tsrminal strip AA. Wrap
the lead ends tiglally at the connection. Connect four
Refer to Detail 5-lE for the following steps. In these of the power tMnsformer leads as follows:
steps, make connections to terminal strip AA. Wrap
the lead ends tightly at the connections. Connect four ( ) Black-zed lead to lug 2 (S-l). NOTE: Also solder
of the power transformer leads as follows: the fuse clip to lug 2.
( ) Black-red and black-yellow leads to lug 2 (S-2). ( ) B>ack-yellow and black-green leads to lug 5
NOTE: Also solder the fuse clip to lug 2. (S-2).
( ] Black-green and black leads to lug 6 (S-2). ( ) Black lead to lug 6 (S-1).
Page 32
ISULATOR
PLATE
#6 LOCKWASHER
-FUSE LABEL
6-32 X 3/8"
FLAT HEAD
SCREW
Detail 5-2A
) Refer to Detail 5-2A and mount the terminal

PICTORIAL 5-2 (
strip in the box formed in the cabinet bottom as

shown. Use a 6-32 x 3/8" flat head screw, two
Refer to Pictorial 5-2 for the following steps. #6 lockwashers, and a 6-32 nut. Position the
terminal strip as shown in Detail 5-2B.
( ) Remove the fuse from the fuse clips. Then re-
move the screw you used to secure the terminal )
Reinstall fuse Fl in its fuse clips.
(
strip to the cabinet post.
Page 33
Again, refer to Pictorial 5-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page

5) for the following steps.
TRANSFORMER
LEADS
NOTE: As you connect each of the remaining power
transformer wires to the main circuit board in the
following steps, solder the lead to the foil and cut off
the excess lead lengths.
( ) Position the main circuit board, component

side up, near the power transformer as shown in
LINE Pictorial 5-1.
( ) Connect the red-yellow transformer lead to the

circuit board hole labeled "RED/YEL."
( ) Connect the green-yellow lead to the hole

labeled "GRN/YEL."
( ) Connect either red lead to one hole labeled

"RED."
( ) Connect the other red lead to the remaining

Detail 5-2B "RED" hole.
( ) Refer to Detail 5-2 B and route the leads and ( ) Connect one green lead to one of the holes
wires as shown. labeled "CRN."
( ) Mount the insulator plate to the terminal strip ( ) Connect the other green lead to the remaining
box with two #6 x 3/8" hex head screws. Do not "CRN" hole.
pinch any leads between the plate and the box.
NOTE: The remaining yellow wire is for any experi-
( ) Remove the paper backing from the fuse label ments you may want to do.
and press the label in place onto the insulator
plate. Then write the fuse information on the This completes the "Step-by-Step Assembly." Pro-
label: "3/8-Amp, SAG, slow-blow." ceed to "Initial Tests."
Page 34
HE-A-TIilCIT*
INITIAL TESTS
] IC30: In the same manner, install the

DECIMAL MC79L12AC IC (#442-646] in the socket at
IC30.
7-SFGMENT LED
VOLTAGE TESTS
NOTE: any time during the following tests you

If at
fail to obtain the desired results, and if power is

applied to the unit, immediately unplug the line cord
Detail 6-lA from the outlet and refer to the "In Case of Difficulty"
section on Page 76.
Refer to Pictorial 6-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page 6] for You will a volt-ohmmeter to perform the follow-
need
the following steps. ing such a meter is not available, proceed to
tests. If
"Tests Continued."
( ) Position the main circuit board part way out of
the cabinet bottom as shown. ( ] Connect one ohmmeter lead to one prong of the
line cord plug, and the other lead to the remain-
ing prong. The ohmmeter reading should be
[ ) Refer to Detail 6-lA and carefully install a near or at zero.
7-segment LED at "H" in the manner shown.
NOTE: Be sure a decimal point is at the bottom ] Push down on the left side of the POWER
(
right as shown in the Pictorial. {Do not shorten

switch (SWl) to be sure it is Off.
the leads. They act as heat sinks.]
( ] Plug the line cord into an AC outlet. The red

( ] In the same manner, install the remaining five LED next to the power switch should come on
7-segment LED's at "I," "N," "Z," "V," and "C." immediately and will remain on, regardless of
the power switch setting.
[ ) IC29: Refer to Detail 6-lB and carefully install
the LM78L12 IC f#442-644) into the socket at ( ] Prepare two 1-1/2" wires. These may be of any
IC29 in the manner shown. color.
( ] Locate the 4-pin connector blocks near the

lower left corner of the circuit board labeled
FLAT ""--^ IC30 " + 5" and "GND." Push one end of a short wire
M ( ]
into each of these blocks.
Set your voltmeter to read -i- 5 volts. Connect the
positive lead to the wire at " + 5" and the nega-
o;oui^^ tive lead to "GND."
^ > ( ] Push down on the right side of the POWER

COMPONENT switch (SWl).
SI DE
You should read 4.5 to 5.5 volts on the voltme-

n w { J
ter.
Detail 6-lB
Page 35
O LABEL
SQUARE KNOB
PUSHBUTTON
SWITCH
•v.
Detail 6-2A
( ) Set the voltmeter to read +12 volts. Move the Push the POWER switch to Off and remove the
positive meter lead and the test wire from " + 5" line cord plug from the AC outlet.
to " + 12." You should read 10.8 to 13.2 volts on
the meter.

( ) Remove the voltmeter leads from the test wires;
the following steps.
then move the test wire at " + 12" to " — 12."
( ) Connectthepositivetestlead to"GND" and the ( ) Refer to Detail 6-2A and place a square knob
negativelead to"-12." You should read 10.8 to onto one of the pushbutton switches at the
13.2 volts on the meter. lower right portion of the circuit board. Push
firmly on the knob to seat it onto the switch.
This concludes the portion of the tests that require the
use of the volt-ohmmeter. Set the meter and wires ( ) In the same manner, install the remaining 16
aside. square knobs on the pushbutton switches.
TESTS CONTINUED
( ) Locate the keyboard label set. Then, one at a
Ifnot already done, plug in the line cord and
time, remove each of the numbered or lettered
{ )
push down on the right side of the POWER

labels from the paper backing and press the
switch (SWl). The red LED next to the POWER
label onto its correct pushbutton knob as shown
switch should turn on. (This LED will be on no
in the Pictorial.
matter which position the switch is in.)
[ ] At the edge of the circuit board, locate the

right ( ] Locate the red label set. One at a time, remove
"SEGMENT TEST" pins. Short these two pins the red labels from the paper backing, then posi-
together and note that all seven segments on the tion the label squarely over the 7-segment LED
7-segment LED's are lit, as well as the decimal and press it in place. (You should have two
point at the lower right of each LED. (Some labels left over.]
LED's may already be lit.)
Page 36
Some of the IC's are packed in conductive foam. (Save

-^ this foam you ever remove these IC's.) These
in case
components. However, nor-
IC's are rugged, reliable
mal static electricity discharged from your body
PIN 1 PIN 1 PIN I PIN 1 through an IC pin to an object can damage the IC.
Install these IC's without interruption as follows:
AS YOU INSTALL EACH IC IN THE PI 1. Remove the IC from its package with both
FOLLOWING STEPS, BE SURE THE hands.
LEADS ARE STRAIGHT. THEN POS- ""'--^fi
ITION THE PIN 1 END OF THE iC
AT THE END OF THE SOCKET WHERE 2. Hold the IC with one hand and straighten
THE INDEX MARK IS SCREENED ON any bent pins with the other hand.
THE CIRCUIT BOARD. INSERT THE
IC LEADS INTO THE SOCKET AND
PUSH THE IC DOWN INTO PLACE. BE INDEX 3. Refer to Detail 6-2B. Position the pin 1 end
SURE YOU DO NOT BEND OVER ANY MARK of the IC over the index mark on the circuit
IC LEADS. THIS IS VERY EASY TO DO.
board.
Detail 6-2B 4. Be sure each IC pin is properly started into

the socket. Then push the IC down.
( \ IC14: Install a 2112-2 IC (#443-721) in the sock-

et at IC14.
NOTE: In the following steps, when you install an
integrated circuit, refer to Detail 6-2B, remove the IC
( ) IC15: Install a 2112-lG (#443-721) in the socket
from packing material
its (if necessary), and install
at IC15.
the IC as shown.
( ) IC13: Install a 40097 IC (#443-720) in the socket

at IC13.
IC12: Install an MCM6830A IC (#444-17) in the

socket at IC12,
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Detail 6-2C
Page 37
( ) ICll: Install an MC6800P IC (#443-827) in the Refer to Pictorial 6-3 (Illustration Booklet, Page 7) to
socket at ICll. identify the function of each keyboard key.
( ) Prepare a 4" yellow wire. NOTE: you encounter any trouble in the following
If
steps, turn the power off and remove the line cord
( ) Plug in the line cord and turn the Trainer on. plug from the AC outlet. Then refer to the "In Case of
Difficulty" section on Page 91.
Refer to Detail 6-2C for the following three steps.
Each number step in the following charts shows

NOTE: In the following steps, you will check out the
which number or letter key to push, and what the
Binary Data LED's at the lower left side of the circuit
resultant readout will be. Always push the keys in the
board. Each of these LED's is numbered (from right to
sequence shown.
directly beneath their corresponding 4-pin con-
left),
nector blocks, from "0" to "7." In addition, these

connectors and LED's have corresponding switches The following abbreviations are used on the Microp-
on the slide switch assembly and pairs of connector rocessor keyboard:
pins in the two 8-pin connector blocks located im-
mediately above the slide switch assembly. ACCA Accumulator "A"
{ ) Connect the jumper wire from 4-pin connec-

4" ACCB Accumulator "B"
tor block No. "0" to 8-pin block pair "0" (as
shown on the Detail). Operate slide switch "0" PC Program Counter
and observe that the furthest right (zero) LED
turns on and goes out. INDEX Index Register
( ) Move the jumper wire to the "1" connector CC Condition Codes Register
blocks, second from the right. Operate the slide
switch and observe that the "1" LED turns on SP Stack Pointer
and goes out.
RTI Return From Interrupt
( ) Progressively, and in the same manner, move
the jumper wire to the "2", the "3," the "4," the SS Single Step
"5," the "6," and the "7" connector blocks.
Each time, operate the corresponding slide BR Break Point
switch and observe that the correct LED is lit.
Then remove the wire. AUTO Automatic Load
BACK Back
OPERATIONAL TESTS
CHAN Change
This section of the Manual will check the basic Mi-
croprocessor functions to make sure they are working DO Do
properly. The entries that will be made on the
keyboard are not necessarily related to the actual use EXAM Examine
of the unit. Actual use of each function is explained in
detail in the "Operation" section, starting on Page 4 5. FWD Forward
o (INCHES) 6
y* y^ y*
7/8
I
1/8
H ^1
,
ni
3/8 I
5/8 ,
V" 1 , !
'
I 1^
I
15
Page 38
h:e-a.thieit«
NOTES:
1. In the following charts, the symbol "*"isusedto

denote a blank readout indication. The symbol
"X" indicates a random figure.
2. When you make two-digit entries, the indicated

Readout display will be shown after the second
digit key has been released.
3 If you malce an incorrect entry, return to step 1
STEP
Page 39
You have now determined that the Microprocessor

keys are operating properly. Continue the operational
test as you enter the following simple program.
STEP
Page 40
The preceding program entered information into

memory storage that told the Microprocessor that you
wished to turn on the decimal point of the "H" LED.
The program was proved in steps 13 and 14 above.
Note in step 8 the characters "6F." This is the infor-

mation that told the Microprocessor that you wished '/
to address the "H" LED, and in particular, the decimal

point; the "6" addressed the LED and the "F" addres-
sed the decimal point. Refer to Detail 6-3A and note
that each segment of an LED may be similarly addres-
sed. Thus, to turn on each segment of the "H" (or "6")
LED in turn, the terminal character must be changed
to agree with the segment address.
In the following chart, the top bar of the "H" LED will
be addressed and examined.
Page 41
As you observed in step 8, only the top-bar segment of and manufacturers are given below. If you do
a list of
the "H" LED Ht up. You may further address and call not wish to install a connector at this time, proceed
up the remaining segments, in turn, of the same LED directly to "Final Assembly" on Page 42.
as follows: Repeat all nine steps in the preceding

chart, with one exception. After you push the Purchase and install a 40-pin connector* on the cir-
"CHAN/C" key in step 4, enter "6D;" then proceed cuit board between IC2 and IC3. Then connect eight
with the remaining steps 6 through 8. The next time, wires from the eight circuit board holes that connect
at step 5, enter '*6C", and proceed. In the same man- the connector data pins to the eight data holes near
ner, at step 5 of each repetition, enter "6B, 6A, 69 and ICQ and IClO. (See the "Schematic" and "Circuit
68." Refer to Detail 6-3A to determine which LED Board X-Ray View.") These wires connect the eight
segment should be lit. data lines (D0-D7). Be sure you connect these wires
properly so that data DO goes to data line DO, etc.
To address the individual segments of the "I" LED,
use the preceding chart and perform steps 1 through 4
*The connectors must have .025" square pins on .100"
as before. At step 5, enter "^F," and proceed with
centers. The following manufacturers supply such
steps 6 through 8. Note that the decimal on the "I"
connectors. Some are single strips of connectors that
LED will light. Then, at step 5, one at a time, enter
must be cut to length.
"5E, 5D, 5C, 5B, 5A, 59, and 58." All segments of the
remaining four LED's may be called up in a like man-
AP Products
ner using, for example: "4F, 3F, 2F, IF" at step 5 to
929834-01 (2 strips required)
light the respective decimal segments.
929836-01
This completes the "Operational Tests" of your

Mi-
Molex
croprocessor Trainer.
22-04-2201 {2 strips required)
NOTE:
AMP
Provision has been made for you to install a 40-pin 2-87215-0
connector for system expansion. Brief instructions 2-87543-0
Page 42
HIBA-THCICITe
FINAL ASSEMBLY
GROMMET
PICTORIAL 7-1
Refer to Pictorial 7-1 for the following steps. 1 Press an LED grommet into the small round
hole in the cabinet top.
( ) Remove the paper backing from the "Heathkit"
label. Carefully press the label in place on the
upper portion of the cabinet top as shown.
Page 43
#6 X 3/8" HEX HEAD

SCREW
PICTORIAL 7-2
Refer to Pictorial 7-2 for the following steps.
( ) Unplug the line cord.
( ] Turn the cabinet top upside down and position

it near the cabinet bottom as shown in the Picto-
rial. As you lower the main circuit board down
onto the inverted cabinet top, be sure that LEDl

next to the Power switch, fits straight down into
the LED grommet as shown in Detail 7-2A.
NOTE: If the LED protrudes through the cabinet
top too far, resolder the LED's leads so the LED
is closer to the circuit board.
( ) Secure the main circuit board to the cabinet top

with eight #6 x 3/8" hex head screws.
Detail 7-2A
Page 44
tiElAmilCIT-
POWER ;LUE AND WHITE #6 X 5/8"

LABEL LABEL SELF-TAPPING
SCREW
SMOOTH
AREA
® ELASTIC FOOT
inr
CABINET
BOTTOM
U J U LI J (J U U U L
O o
@
I
PICTORIAL 7-3
Refer to Pictorial 7-3 for the following steps. ) Remove the paper backing from the blue and
[
white label and press the label in place on the

( ) Turn the cabinet top and main circuit board cabinet bottom. NOTE: Be sure to refer to the
assembly right side up and fit the assembly into numbers on the blue and white label in any
the cabinet bottom. correspondence you have with the Heath Com-
pany about your kit.
( ) Turn both cabinet halves bottom-side up as
shown in the Pictorial; then secure the bottom ( ) Remove the paper backing from the power label
to the top with eight #6 x 5/8" self-tapping and press the label in place near the line cord as
screws. shown in the Pictorial.
( ) Remove the paper backing from the four feet This completes the "Final Assembly" of your kit.
and press them in place on the cabinet bottom Proceed to "Operation."
in the smooth areas near the four corners as
shown.
Page 45
OPERATION
This section of the Manual describes the operation of Display Accumulator B

your Trainer, explains the keyboard commands, de-
scribes how to enter programs, has several sample
programs, contains the monitor listing and several
B Press this key and the contents of ac-
cumulator B will be displayed. A typical display is:
subroutine flowcharts, shows the memory map, and
lists the entire 6800 instruction set.
Accb.SF
Pictorial 8-1 (Illustration Booklet, Page 8) gives a brief In this example, accumulator B contains 5Fi6 (binary
description of the switches, LED's, and connectors. 01011111).
The contents of accumulator B can be changed in the

KEYBOARD same way that accumulator A is changed.
The keyboard allows you to quickly enter commands

and data you press the
to the microprocessor. After
Display Program Counter
RESET key, the display will show CPU UP, and the
next keyboard entry will be interpreted as a com-
mand. The following paragraphs discuss the various
19 Press this key and the contents of the mi-
croprocessor's program counter will be displayed.
commands.
The first two digits and decimal point identify the
display, and the next four digits show the contents of

Display Accumulator A
the program counter.
D Press this key and the contents of ac-

cumulator A will be displayed. The first four digits
Example: Pc.0040
and decimal point identify the display, and the next

two digits show the contents of the accumulator.
In this example, the program counter contains 0040i6.
You may change the program counter by pressing
following example, the contents
In the
cumulator A is 4Ai6 (or binary 01001010).
of ac-
the B key and then entering the new hexadecimal
number.
Example: Acca.4A
Now you may change the contents of accumulator A if Display Index Register
you wish. To do
play will now be:
this, press the g key. The dis-
El Press this key and the contents of the index
register will be displayed.
Acca Example: In.FDF4.
With two key strokes, enter the new hexadecimal You can change the register by pressing the key H
number you want in accumulator A. and then entering a new hexadecimal number.
Page 46
Display Condition Codes Register Set Breakpoint
^3 Press this key and the contents of the condition El Press this key and you can then make an
codes register (I's and O's) will be displayed. The entry into the monitor breakpoint table. A breakpoint
display letters (H, I, N, Z, V, and C) correspond to the is a point where you want to stop the program to
letters assigned to the six condition codes. (See the examine the microprocessor registers, memory, etc.
"instruction set" on Page 89.]
The display is br.
Example: 001001
Enter the four digits of a hexadecimal address for the
This register cannot be changed by pressing breakpoint. The address must be the address of an
the B key. operational code in your program and that code must
RAM. No breakpoints are possible in ROM. You
be in
may have up to four breakpoints in your program at
any one time.
Display Stack Pointer Register
Do not press the RESET key. This clears all the break-
^1 Press this key and the contents of the stack points.
pointer register will be displayed.
If you make an incorrect entry, and the entry is still
Example: SP.00d2 displayed, press the Q key as many times as

necessary for the display to return to br. Then
This register cannot be changed by pressing
the ^ key.
enter the correct address.
Auto Load Of Memory
El Press this key and Ad will de dis-

Resume User's Program played.
[Q Press this key and your program will start at the Enter the address you want to start at. Example: Enter
location contained in the program counter. This key 0, 0, A, and 4. The display is now:
is used to return to normal user program operation
from breakpoints or single stepping. 00A4
Enter the 2 -digit hexadecimal value you want entered

at that address.
The display will now advance to the next address.

Single Step User's Program You can continue changing memory data until you
press the RESET key.
^1 Press this key and the microprocessor will Display Previous Address
perform only one step of your program. The instruc-
tion to be performed is taken from the address con- 151 Press this key when an address and its data
tained in the program counter. After the step, the next are displayed (you are examining memory with the E
instruction and its address are displayed. The dis- function, your program has come to a breakpoint, or
played instruction may be changed by pressing you are single stepping your program), and the previ-
ous address and its data will be displayed. You may
the Bl key and then entering the new data. Also
at this time, you may examine registers, memory, or change this data by pressing the ^S key and then
use any of the other monitor functions. entering the new data.
Page 47
Change Displayed Value Examine Memory
Press this key when an address and its data f^ Press this key and the display will become:
are displayed, and the data will be replaced with "_
_". Then enter the new hexadecimal value you want Ad.
at this address.
Enter a new address. The display will now indicate
You may use this function to correct a value you the data at this new address. You may now change the
entered by mistake. However, if the monitor is expect-
ing a command and the change function is not valid,
displayed value by using the ^ key or you can
step backwards or forwards through memory using
the change command will be ignored.
the IS and H keys.
DO User Program
WSm Press this key and the display will become:

Display Next Address
do.
U when an address and its data
Press this key
are displayed,and the next address and its data will
Enter the beginning address of your program. Your
by displayed. You may change this data by pressing
program will now start at the new address instead of
where the program counter was pointing. The display the ^9 key and then entering the new data.
willbecome blank and the program will run until a
display is called for, until it comes to a breakpoint, or
until you press the reset key.
This key function combines several other functions.

You could get the same result by displaying and
changing the program counter and then pressing
the ^ key.
Page 48
tiEîfVTrHIICIT"
ENTERING PROGRAMS Operand: This is additional hexadecimal information

required to perform the operation. It may be zero, one,
Pictorial 8-2 shows the first two instructions of Sam- or two bytes as determined by the addressing mode.
ple Program 1 (in the following section) and indicates
the various information they contain. This informa- Label: This is usually a name applied to a subroutine
tion is further described in the following paragraphs. in theprogram used more than once. In the sample
programs, the address to be entered to begin execu-
Instruction Address: This is usually called the Pro- tion is labeled "Start."
gram Counter. In order to perform an instruction, the
Program Counter must contain the address that is in Mnemonic: This is a three-letter indication of the
this column. RTI and SS require the Program Counter source instruction. A fourth letter, A or B , is added to
to contain the address that is in this column for proper indicate which of two accumulators if the instruction
execution. The address entered after DO is pressed applied to either one.
must be an instruction address. Breakpoints are not
recognized except at instruction addresses. Mnemonic operand: Again, this is additional infor-
mation that required for the operation. It may be a
is
Instruction: This is one, two, or three bytes of data as label, address, or data. The $ sign indicates the infor-
required by the addressing mode used. mation is a hex value. The # sign indicates the im-
mediate addressing op code is to be used.
Op code: This is a "byte of information referred to as
machine code, it indicates in hexadecimal the opera- Comments: This is a brief description of what is hap-
tion to be performed. pening in the program.
Instruction address
T , .. Mnemonic
instruction / Mnemonic Comments
operand
Label
/
0000 BD FCBC START
/ .
JSR REDIS SET UP FIRST DISPLAY ADDRESS

0003 86 Dl_ LDA A #$01 FIRST SEGMENT ADDRESS
/ \
Operand
Machine or
Indicates
op code Indicates
hex value.
immediate
addressing
mode.
PICTORIAL 8-2
Page 49
When you load a program into the Trainer, only the

one, two, or three bytes of each instruction are en-
tered. You may use either of two modes to enter the
instructions: "Auto", or the more laborious "Examine
and Change." Forward, Back, and Change are valid
commands in the Examine, and Change mode and
may be used to correct entry errors. However, they are
not valid in Auto. If you make an error in the Auto
mode, press the Reset and Auto keys. Then enter the
address where the error was made and continue from
there; or, remember where the error was made and
then examine and change that memory location after
you finish entering the entire program.
The following charts show the sequence of events to

enter the two
first program 1.
instructions of sample
The first chart shows the Examine and Change mode
while the second chart shows the Auto mode.
Examine and Change |

Page 50
liE-A-TIilCIT*
If Examine and Changeis used, the last entry in sam- Examine accumulator A by pressing the ACCA key.
ple program (Page 55 and last page of Illustration
1
Booklet) results in the display 0025 DA, and this Accumulator A

has been loaded with the software
display remains until a new command is entered interrupt instruction 3F that was temporarily placed
through the keyboard. at 0004 by the breakpoint at that address.
If Auto is used, the last display will be the address of

Watch the "H" display and press RTL The 3F in
the next continuous memory location which is the accumulator A caused the first display to be incorrect.
last program instruction address plus the number of
The program will stop again at 0005.
bytes in the instruction. In this program, 0024 plus
two; 0026 The dash (or "prompt" characters] are Insert a breakpoint at 0002 and then press RTI to
displayed in the data locations. resume execution. The program will run until it
comes to 0002 which is changed by the breakpoint to
After you enter a program, by either method, check 3F. The program will "crash" because of the wrong
the ending address to be sure that you have not omit- instruction and one of three things will happen: The
ted or double entered data.
display will be blank; all eights will be displayed; or
all eights will appear, followed by CPU UP. In any
Enter sample program 1 (on Page 55 and last page of case, press Reset to return control to the monitor pro-
Illustration Booklet) into your Trainer. Use either of gram.
the two entry methods.
Press EXAM and enter 0000. Use FWD and CHAN to
Ifyou used the Examine and Change mode to enter the examine and correct errors introduced when the
program, the program can be run by pressing DO and program crashed. You will always find the data at the
entering the address of the instruction labeled breakpoint addresses has been changed. More often
"Start," 0000. you used the Auto mode, first press
If than not, the data at the breakpoint addresses will
the RESET key to exit the Auto mode. Then press DO become 3F, although this may also change because
and enter the address of the instruction labeled the program crashed. Before you proceed, run the
"Start," 0000. program to be sure all errors have been corrected.
In order to properly execute SS or RTI, the program

counter must contain the instruction address where
USING BREAKPOINTS you wish to start. If single step begins at an incorrect
address, the single step routine will not execute an
We will now use sample program 1 to show how
invalid instruction and the display will not change. If
programs can be inadvertently changed and even the instruction at the PC address is a valid opcode, SS
"crash" when breakpoints are inserted at improper will execute the instruction using the following bytes
locations (at addresses other than the instruction ad- as necessary and will continue unless it comes to an
dress).
invalid instruction. RTI will try to execute the in-
struction in the same manner; except in the case of an
Press RESET and insert breakpoints at 0004 and 0005. invalid instruction, the program will probably crash.
We will use SS to illustrate what happens.
Press BR 0004.
Push RESET. Examine the Program Counter by push-

Press BR 0005.
ing PC. Then change it to 0016 by pushing CHAN and
0016.
Start the program by pressing DO 0000.
Press SS. The instruction at 0016 is not a valid in-
Notice that the CPU has ignored the breakpoint at struction. In the single step mode, the machine will
0004 and stopped at 0005. reject the instruction and 0016 FD will continue to be
displayed and nothing happens. If RTI is pressed, the
Examine 0003 and 0004 by pressing EXAM, 0003, and program will crash as it would when an invalid in-
FWD. The instructions there are correct (86 and 01). struction is encountered. Probably only the first in-
Page 51
struction will be changed, if any, in this particular these memory locations, GOFO and OGFl, you will
circumstance. If you press RTI to see what happens, always find C12F, "V" display address, there because
examine the program afterwards and correct any er- the examine command puts it there before it outputs
rors introduced; then run the program to be sure it is the data. Secondly; DIGADD is always loaded with
correct before proceeding. C16F, "H" display address, when DO or RTI are used.
Examine and change the program counter to 000?' by Single step uses RMB TEMP, Tl and TO in common
pressing PC, CHAN, and GOOF. Press SS. In this case with many of the monitor routines. Single step will
FE is a valid instruction, LDX extended, and X is replace information stored at these locations by the
loaded from non-existent memory locations 3ACE monitor routines. As a result, the routine may return
and 3ACF. with incorrect information or it may not be able to
return at all and the program will crash.
Press SS. Here again 2F is a valid instruction (a condi-

tional branch BLE]. A branch may occur to 0015 or the When the program stops, at a breakpoint or after a
program may fall through to 0014. In either case, two single step, the address of the next instruction (con-
incorrect instructions have been performed in place tained in the program counter) and the instruction
of two or three correct instructions introducing error will be displayed. You may examine and make
in the program. Thisis of no great consequence in this changes to any register (except stack pointer] or ad-
program but may be in another. Since an invalid in- dress provided you DO NOT change the program
struction was not encountered, placing the program counter. The instruction displayed when the program
counter at GOOF and pressing RTI would do exactly stopped will be the next one executed when SS or RTI
the same thing. is pressed, regardless of what is being displayed.
Now sample program 1 will be used to illustrate a The following procedure gives instructions. The six
procedure using breakpoints and single step to go characters on the right, on the same line, indicate
through a program. what the display should be after you perform the
instruction. You be instructed to examine regis-
will
There are two important considerations pertaining to ters affected by the instruction that has been exe-
reserved memory bytes to keep in mind. First; DI- cuted.
GADD is used by all monitor routines. If you examine
Page 52
You may examine any other registers or memory loca-

tions if you wish. The comment after an instruction is
explanatory information.
INSTRUCTION DISPLAY
Press RESET. CPU UP.
Press PC, CHAN, and enter 0000. The program counter now Pc 0000
contains the start address.
Press SP. This is the next location available on the stack. SP 00d2
The JSR instruction should store the address for return
from the REDIS subroutine (0003) at this location.
Press SS, Jump to REDIS. FCbC dF
Press EXAM and OODl. OOdl 00
Press FWD. Return address is on stack. 00d2 03
Press BR and enter 0003. To get past monitor routine. 0003 br
Press RTI. Might normally use examine to check result of routine. 0003 86
In this case, DIGADD RMB is loaded with C16F. Examine will
just change what is there.
Press SS. 0005 20
Press ACCA. (A) loaded with correct value. Acca.Ol
Press SS. Branch to OUT-offset correct. OOOE bd
Press SS. Jump to OUTCH. FE3A dF
PressBR and enter 0011. To get past monitor routine. 0011 br

Could check stack here if desired.
Press RTI. Exit OUTCH address of next display in DIGADD; 0011 CE

Do not check.
Press SS. 0014 09
Press INDEX. Is (X) loaded? In.2F00
Press SS. 0015 26
Press INDEX. Is (X) decremented? IN.2EFF
Press CC. Z bit clear if (X) not 0000 yet. XXXO XX (X don't carel
Press SS. Branches to WAIT if Z was clear. 0014 09
Press INDEX, CHAN, and enter 0001. In.OOOl
Press SS. 0015 26

Page 53
Press CC. (X) decremented to 0000 sets Z bit. Should drop XXXI XX
through branch now.
Press SS. It did.
Press ACCA.
Press SS.
Press ACCB. What was in (A) should be in (B),
Press SS.
Press CC. Z bit clear if (B) not 00.
Press SS. Branches to SAME if Z is clear.
Press SS.
Press ACCB. When the program runs normally, (B) at this

point would be 5F because exit from OUTCH would be with the
next display address, C15F, in DIGADD. Single step has caused
DIGADD to be ClOF.
Press SS.
Press ACCB. Hex 10 has been added to (B).
Press SS. [B) has been stored at DIGADD. No reason to examine

OOFl since EXAM and SS will change what is there anyway.
Press ACCA.
Press SS.
Press ACCA. ACCA was 0000 0001 binary (01 hex). It has been
shifted left and is now 0000 0010
binary (02 hex). The program
is back to jump to OUTCH again. The same method as used before
would get you back 0019 again. The program has proven good
to that point so we will use a different method.
Press Reset. This clears the previous breakpoints.
Press BR and enter 0018.
Press DO and enter 0000. You may have noticed the program ran
up to the breakpointand the counter segment in "H" was
momentarily lit. Now you are in another loop. You could press
RTl seven times and go back through the loop until (B) is 00.
Again, since the branch is operating properly it is easier to
change (B) to 00 and continue.
Page 54
m
Press SS. 0019 26
Press CC. The Z bit is set and the program should fall XXXl XX
through the branch.
Press SS. It did. 001b 86
Press SS. OOld de
Press AGCA. (A) is loaded correctly. Acca.Ol
Press SS. OOlF 8C
Press Index. This is DIGADD again. Although the program has In.ClOF
just finishedwith the "H" display, single step has placed
ClOF in DIGADD. This happens to be the address that
will be in DIGADD after DP goes out in the "C" display
and should result in a branch back to START.
Press SS. Same conditional BRANCH. 0022 26
Press CG. Z is set and the program should fall through. XXXl XX
Press SS. It did. 0024 20
Press SS. Every instruction in the program has been 0000 bd

run except for the conditional branch at 0022.
Press Reset. Clears the breakpoint at 0018 CPU UP
Press BR and enter OOlF. OOlF br
Press DO and enter 0000. OOlF 8C
Press Index. This time the program runs straight through until after In.ClSF
(X) is loaded from DIGADD
OOlD) without an intervening
(at
single step or breakpoint. All segments were turned on
and off in the "H" display and "I" display address C15F is
in the index register as it should be.
Press SS. Conditional branch. 0022 26
Press CC. Z is clear and a branch to out should take place. XXXO XX
Press SS. It did. OOOE bd
The entire program has now been run.

Page 55
SAMPLE PROGRAMS
These sample programs will give you practice enter-

ing programs and show the use of Monitor sub-
routines.
SAMPLE 1
TURN ON AND OFF EACH SEGMENT IN
SEQUENCE BEGINNING AT H DISPLAY
USES MONITOR SUBROUTINES PEDIS AND OUTCH
NOTE: ONE DP IN EACH DISPLAY IS ACTIVE
ODOD
Page 56
SAMPLE 2
TURNS ALL DISPLAYS OFF AND ON
DISPLAYS HEX VALUE AT 0044
USES MONITOR SUBROUTINES REDIS, OUTCH AND OUTHEX
0D3D
Page 57
SAMPLE 3
OUTPUTS MESSAGE BY DISPLAYING UP TO SIX
CHARACTER WORD ONE WORD AT A TIME
USES MONITOR SUB ROUTINE OUTSTO
NOTE: DP MUST BE LIT TO INDICATE END OF STRING
TO EXIT OUTSTR. DP IS PLACED IN THE
SEVENTH DISPLAY POSITION TO FULFILL THIS
REQUIREMENT WITHOUT ACTUALLY BEING DISPLAYED.
D06D BD FD8D START JSR OUTSTO LEFT DISPLAY OUT WORD

0063 00 FCB $00,$3B,$7E.$3E,$05.!ii;00,$80 YOUR
0064 3B
0065 YE
0066 3E
0067 05
0068 00
0069 80
0D6A 8D 3F BSR HOLD HOLD DISPLAY
0Q6C BD FD8D JSR OUTSTO LEFT DISPLAY OUT WORD
006F DO FCB SDD,$79.S33,$7E,S7E,$D0.$8D 3400
0070 79
0071 33
0072 7E
0073 7E
0074 00
0075 80
0076 8D 33 BSR HOLD HOLD DISPLAY
0078 BD FD8D JSR OUTSTO LEFT DISPLAY OUT WORD
007B 00 FCB S0O,$OD,S30,$5B,$DO,$0D,S8D IS
007C 00
007D 30
D07E 5B
D07F 00
0080 00
0081 80
0082 8D 27 BSR HOLD HOLD DISPLAY
0087 DO FCB $00, $00, $3E, $67, 5;D0, $00, S8D UP
0088 DO
0089 3E
008A 67
008B 00
D08C OD
0D8D 80
DOSE 8D IB BSR HOLD HOLD DISPLAY
0D93 DO FCB $0D,$a0.$7D,$15,$3D,$DD,$8D AND
0094 DO
0095 7D
0096 15
0097 3D
0098 00
0099 80
Page 58
HE A-THICIX ^
D09A
Page 59
SAMPLE 4
OUTPUTS SAME MESSAGE AS PROGRAM 3
IN TICKER TAPE FASHION
USES MONITOR SUB ROUTINES REDIS AND OUTSTR
DDDD 7F 0007 START CLR MORE+1 CLEAR POINTER

00D3 CE Q02A NEXT LDX #MESSA MESSAGE ADDRESS
0GD6 A6 00 MORE LDA O.X GET CHARACTER
0D08 A7 2D STA 0UT+3-MESSA,X STORE CHAR, AT OUT PLUS
ODDA D8 INX NEXT CHARACTER
ODOB 8C 0G30 CPX #S30 FULL STRING YET?
ODDE 26 F6 BNE MORE
DDID 8D 11 BSR HOLD HOLD DISPLAY
0012 BD FCBC JSR REDIS FIRST CHAR. TO "H" DISPLAY
DD15 BD 0054 JSR OUT
0018 96 07 LDA MORE+1 FIRST CHARACTER NUMBER
OOIA 40 INC MOVE STRING UP ONE CHARACTER
ODIB 97 07 STA MORE+1 NEW FIRST CHARACTER
DDID 81 25 CMP #S25 LAST CHARACTER TO "H" YET?
OOIF 26 E2 BNE NEXT BUILD NEXT STRING
0021 20 DD BRA START DO AGAIN
0023 CE 6000 HOLD LDX #$6000 TIME TO WAIT
0026 D9 WAIT DEX
0027 26 FD BNE WAIT TIME OUT YET?
0029 39 RTS
002A 08 MESSA FCB
002B 08
002C 08
002D 08
002E 08
002F 08
0030 3B FCB S3B,$7E.$3E,S05,SD0,$D0 YOUR
0031 7E
0032 3E
0033 05
0034 00
0035 DO
0036 79 FCB S79,S33,$7E,S7E, $00, $00 34DD
0037 33
0038 7E
0039 7E
D03A 00
DD3B 00
D03C 30 FCB $30,$5B,$0D,$GD,$3E,$67 IS UP
D03D 5B
003E DO
D03F DO
0040 3E
0041 67
D042 00 FCB $DD,$D0,$7D,$15,$3D,$0D,$DD AND
D043 00
D044 7D
0045 15
Page 60
i
PiE-A-TtllCIT ^
0046 3D
0047 00
0048 00
0049 05 FCB 15, $1C, $15, $15, $10, $15 RUNNIN
004A IC
004B 15
004C 15
004D 10
004E 15
004F 08 FCB $08 $08 $08 $08 $08
, , , ,
0050 08
0051 08
0052 08
0053 08
0054 BD FE52 OUT JSR OUTSTR OUTPUT CHARACTER STRING
OUTPUT STRING STORED HERE
0057 00 FCB $00, $00, $00. $00. $00, $00, $80
0058 00
0059 DO
D05A DO
005B DO
0a5C DO
0Q5D 80
0D5E 39
Page 61
SAMPLE 5
THIS PROGRAM CONTINUOUSLY CHANGES THE HEX
VALUE STORED AT KEY+1 UNTIL ANY HEX
KEY IS DEPRESSED. THE RIGHT DP IS LIT
TO INDICATE A VALUE HAS BEEN SET.
THE USER THEN DEPRESSES THE VARIOUS
HEX KEYS TO LOOK FOR THE SELECTED VALUE.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF DEPRESSED TO CORRECT KEY
IS MOMENTARILY DISPLAYED AS HI OR LO
DP AGAIN LIGHTS INDICATING TRY AGAIN.
DEPRESSING THE CORRECT KEY DISPLAYS YES!
WHICH REMAINS UNTIL ANY KEY IS DEPRESSED
SETTING A NEW VALUE TO FIND.
USES MONITOR SUB ROUTINES ENCODE, OUTSTO. INCH
0060 7F 0086
Page 62
h:e3A.th:k:it»
DDAl
Page 63
SAMPLE 6
THIS IS A TWELVE HOUR CLOCK PROGRAM
THE ACCURACY IS DEPENDENT UPON THE MPU CLOCK
FREQUENCY AND THE TIMING LOOP AT START.
CHANGING THE VALUE AT 00D5/6 BY HEX lOD
CHANGES THE ACCURACY APPROXIMATELY 1 SEC/MIN
HOURS, MINUTE, SECOND RMB ODDl/2/3 ARE LOADED
WITH THE STARTING TIME. THE FIRST DISPLAY
IS ONE SECOND AFTER START OF THE PROGRAM.
SECONDS WILL BE CONTENT OF SECOND RMB +1.
USES MONITOR SUB ROUTINES REDIS DSPLAY
,
NOTE: START THE PROGRAM AT 0004.
0001
Page 64
^ffiB]
SAMPLE 7
THIS PROGRAM CALCULATES THE OP CODE VALUE
FOR BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS USING THE LAST TWO
DIGITS OF THE BRANCH AND DESTINATION ADDRESSES
THE BRANCH ADDRESS IS ENTERED FIRST AND
DISPLAYED AT "H" AND "I". THE DESTINATION
ADDRESS IS THEN ENTERED AND DISPLAYED AT
"N" AND "Z". THE OP CODE IS THEN CALCULATED
AND DISPLAYED AT "V" AND"C". THE DISPLAY
IS HELD UNTIL NEW INFORMATION IS ENTERED.
SINCE ONLY TWO DIGITS ARE ENTERED, IT IS
NECESSARY TO MAKE AN ADJUSTMENT IF THE
HUNDREDS DIGIT IN THE TWO ADDRESSES IS NOT
THE SAME. FOR EXAMPLE TO CALCULATE THE
OFFSET OF A BRANCH FROM OOCD TO OllB.
SUBTRACT A NUMBER FROM BOTH ADDRESSES THAT
WILL MAKE THE GREATER ADDRESS LESS THAN lOQ
FOR EASE OF CALCULATION IN THIS CASE,
SUBTRACT CO FROM BOTH ADDRESSES AND ENTER
THE RESULTS OD AND 5B IN THE PROGRAM.
SINCE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ADDRESSES
IS UNCHANGED THE CORRECT OP CODE (4C) WILL
BE DISPLAYED. IF THE DISTANCE IS TOO GREAT
FOR BRANCHING NO. WILL APPEAR AT "V" AND "C"
USES MONITOR SUB ROUTINES
REDIS IHB OUTBYT OUTSTR
OODO
Page 65
SUBROUTINE FLOW CHARTS RESET/MAIN

Following, are flow charts of several subroutines.
ROUTINE
These are helpful when you write your own pro-
grams. The entry requirements necessary to call these
subroutines and their exit conditions are also shown. RESET A
C FCOO
J
RESET/MAIN Routine INITIALIZE

STACK POINTER
When the Reset key is released, the CPU outputs FFFE

and FFFF to get a starting address. This is the address OUTPUT
CPU UP.
of the top two locations in the monitor ROM which in TO
DISPLAYS-
turn outputs FCOO, the beginning address of the reset
routine.
SET UP
USER
STACK.
Reset first initializesthe stack pointer to OOEB and
outputs CPU UP, to the displays. The index register is
set to OOCB (the start of the user's stack) and this value CLEAR
BREAKPOINTS.
is stored in the user's stack pointer at location 00F2.
STORE (A)
atT1
Breakpoints are cleared by placing FF in the eight
RAM locations, OOE4-00EB. The program then goes
SET UP
into the main monitor loop. The contents of ac- RETURN
ADDRESS
cumulator A, which is FF at this point, is stored at Tl
and the address to return from command handler
subroutines [FC19) is placed on the stack.
CHECK FOR
KEY CLOSURE
The program next calls INCH to scan and encode the

keyboard. The program stays in INCH until a key is
found closed.
The FORWARD and BACK commands are legal only

afterexecution of the EXAM or SINGLE STEP com-
mands. RAM location OOEE (Tl) is cleared if FOR-
WARD and BACK are legal commands. When INCH
returns a key closure, Tl is tested to see if FORWARD
and BACK are legal. If they are legal, a branch is made
to MAIN 2 to obtain the subroutine address to handle
the command and then goes to that handler. If FOR-
WARD and BACK are not legal commands, tests are
made to see that they are not the key closed before
going to MAIN 2. If FORWARD or BACK is found to
be the key closed, a branch back to MAIN 1 occurs and
INCH is again called to look for a legal key closure.
HANDLER
FIND
ADDRESS AND
GO TO COMMAND
ROUTINE.
Page 66
J^^^^^^^^
INCH Routine
INCH guards against the entry of a false output from INCH ROUTINE
the keyboard due to contact bounce or pressing more
ENTRY: None.
than one key. ACCB loaded with hex 20 and EN-
is
CODE is called to scan the keyboard. If C is set (key EXIT: (A) contains hex value of closed key.
closed), a branch occurs back to the beginning. If C is

clear (no closure), ACCB is decremented and EN-
CODE is called again. ENCODE must return C clear 32 (INCH
FDF4
A
consecutive times (approx. 9 ms) to exit this loop. The J
second half of the routine is then entered. This half is
identical to that described above, except C must be set
LOAD (B)
32 consecutive times before exit wiih the hex value of HEX 20
the key closed in ACCA.
SCAN KEYBOARD
DECREMENT (E
LOAD (B)
HEX 20
SCAN KEYBOARD
DECREMENT (B)
Page 67
ENCODE Routine
ENCODE is the keyboard scanning routine. If a key is

ENTRY: None.
closed, the value is found hex table and loaded
in the
in ACCA. The C bit in the condition code register is EXIT: fA) contains hex value of key
set to indicate a valid key. If no key is closed or if the ciosed.
value is not in HEX-TAB, the C bit is cleared. "C" set for valid condition.
ENCODE ROUTINE
f ENCODE ^
FDBB
I
J
Page 68
DUTCH Routine
OUTCH ROUTINE
OUTCH outputs a character to the display whose ad- ENTRY: ACCA contains segment code. DIGADD con-
dress iscontained at memory location DIGADD tains address of desired digit. Entry at OUTO
(OOFO-OOFl). This routine may be entered at OUTO if
if index register is to be saved.
the index register does not need to be saved. The code EXIT:
for the character to be displayed must be in ac-

cumulator A when the routine is entered. The follow-
ing drawing shows the segment identification and the
corresponding positions in the eight bits of ac-
cumulator A. A logic one in a bit will cause that
segment to light, whereas a logic zero will keep it off.
The hex and corresponding bit codes are shown for
two characters used in the monitor program. The
most significant bit is DP and the least significant bit
is segment g.
Segment codes used by the monitor program are

shown at the end of the monitor listing.
Page 69
OUTHEX Routine OUTBYT Routine
OUTHEX determines the segment code for a hex OUTBYT outputs two hex values contained in ac-
value contained in the four least-significant bits (LSB) cumulator A to two adjacent displays. The value con-
of accumulator A. Subroutine OUTO is then called to tained in the four most-significant bits (MSB) are
output the hex value to the display whose address is moved to the LSB positions. OUTHEX is called to
obtained from DIG ADD. determine the segment code and in turn calls OUTO
to output the character to the display addressed at
OUTHEX ROUTINE DIGADD. Accumulator A is restored, and OUTHEX
and OUTO are called again to output the LSB to the
ENTRY: ACCA contains hex value. next display to the right.
EXIT: Address of next digit to right contained in
DIGADD,
OUTBYT ROUTINE
OUTHEX
FE28
ENTRY: AtXÂ contains two hex values.
SAVE EXIT: Digit address for next digit to right con-

(A). tained in DICADD.
SET 4
MSB IN (A)
TOO.
(
SAVE
(X).
LOAD (X)
DISTAB-1
INCREMENT
(X).
LOAD (A) WITH

SEGMENT CODE
Page 70
OUTSTl Routine
m tiEA.TtilCITe'
The routine may be entered at OUTSTJ or at OUTSTO

(with the character appearing in the left-most
first
OUTSTl outputs a string of characters from left to
display) or at OUTSTA (with the first character ap-
right on the displays. The first character is output to
pearing in the V display). Entry at OUTSTR requires
the display whose address is contained in the index
the address for the first character to be in DIGADD.
register upon entry to the routine. The last character
Exit from the routine is to the next instruction, which
must have the decimal point lit to indicate the end of
is one plus the address of the last character.
the string. Adding hex 80 to the desired segment code
causes the decimal point to be lit. For example, if the
last character is to be LTR P, hex 67 [the last character
code) would be hex 67 plus hex 80, or hex E7.
OUTSTl ROUTINE
f OUTSTJ ^
Page 71
DSPLAY Routine Accumulator A is loaded with a byte value from an

address contained in the index register and OUTBYT
DSPLAY is called to output two or three bytes to the is called to output the byte to the displays. Then the
displays. The number of bytes to output is indicated index register is incremented to get the next byte,
by the contents of accumulator B. This routine could accumulator B is decremented, and OUTBYT is call-
be called to output one byte, although OUTBYT ed again. When accumulator B is zero, all bytes have
would normally be called for this purpose. been output and the index register and accumulator B
are restored before returning from the routine.
DSPLAY ROUTINE
ENTRY: (X) contains address of first byte.
[B] contains number of byte to output,
niGAnn contains address of digit.
EXIT: (X] and (B) unchanged.

Address of next digit to right contained in
DICADD.
DISPLAY
FD7B
SAVE (B).
LOAD (A)
WITH BYTE
OUTPUT
BYTE
(2 HEX CHARACTERS)
RESTORE (B).
PUT BYTE
COUNT IN (A).
IS
(X)
RESTORED?
\ NO
Page 72
IHB Routine
IHB ROUTINE
IHB outputs two hex characters to the displays cor-
responding to two consecutive key closures and re- ENTRY: None.
turns to the calling routine with the byte value of the EXIT: ACCA contains byte value.
two closures in accumulator A. Digit address for next digit to right con-
tained in DIGADD.
INCH is called to get the value of the first key closure.

OUTHEX is called to display the value on the display
whose address is contained at DIGADD. The value
contained in the four LSB of accumulator A is moved

to the four MSB of accumulator A and then saved in IN
accumulator B.
INCH is called again to get the value of the second key

closure. OUTHEX is then called again and this value
is displayed on the next display to the right.
The contents of accumulators A and B are combined

and placed in accumualtor A. Accumulator A now
contains the byte value of the two closures. The MSB
contains the first closure value and the LSB contains
the second value. Accumulator B is restored, ac-
A
cumulator is pushed onto the stack, and ENCODE is
called to wait for the release of the second key. When
the key is released, the byte is pulled from the stack
and the program returns to the calling routine with
the byte contained in accumulator A.
REDIS Routine
REDIS is a short routine to reset the address at DI-

GADD to the left-most display digit.
REDIS ROUTINE
ENTRY: None. REDIS

FCBC
KXri': DICADD contains address of left-most di
git.
SAVE
(X).
LOAD (X)
DG6ADD.
STORE (X)
DIGADD
RESTORE (X)
TO ENTRY
VALUE.
Page 73
MONITOR LISTING Tables at the end of the listing show labels used in the
program, keyboard and display addresses, segment
Your Trainer is controlled by IC12, the "read only codes for characters displayed by the program, and
memory" (ROM). The following is a listing of the addresses in RAM that are reserved for use by the
program stored in this IC. monitor program.
FCOO ORG
**
FCOO 8E 00 EB RESET
FC03 BD FD 8D
FC06 4E 67 3E
FCOC CE 00 CB
FCOF DF F2
FCll 86 FF
FC13 C6 08
FC15 36 RESEl
FCi6 5A
FC17 26 FC
Page 74
J^S liB-A-TMICIT*^
OUTSTA - OUTPUT STFaNG FOR ADDRESEJ PROMF-'T
*
FC&6 Cf CI 2F OUTSTA LDX *DG2Ai;iD

FC89 7E FE SO JMP OUTSTl
FC8C
Page 75
KADDR BUILD AIiLiF\'E,"SS
*
entry; none
£;;xit (x) --^
addretss
FCC6 CE 00 E;E BADliR LDX #T1

rCCV 8EIB3 BSR ADDR
FccB de: e:e LDX Tl
FCCD 39 RTS
PKPT ~ BREAK POINT RETURN

1) REMOUE BKPTS FROM USER CODE
2) CHECK FOR BREAKPOINT HIT AND EETHER
* A) RESUME IE NfJ HIT
* B) PRINT INSTRUCTION AND RETURN IE HIT
FCCE
Page 76
FDOA
Page 77
FII25
Page 78
rri7i
Page 79
FLiBO
Page 80
FDF7 811 C:2

FDF9 25 FA
FDFP 5
FDFC 26 F9
Fi;iFE
Page 81
fe:38 F'UI...
F-EE39 Fas
oyTCF^ OUTf-'UT CHAFÂCTER TO DISF-'LAY

*
* e;;ntf<yj <a) - segment code
* (dig add) - address of digit to outf-'ut
* elxiti (digadd) uf'date'd
* uses: C»T0
FE."3A
Page 82
PiE-A-THdCIT^
FE6B
Page 83
FEUEi 84 CF
FE.-I.iD 81 811
FEDF v^2
fe:eo 27 48
FEE2 81 6E
FEE 4 27 5JEi
FEE 6 81 7E
FEES 27 5E
FEEA 81 39
FEEC 27 62
FEEE 81 3B
FEFO 27 6C
FEF2 81 3F
FEF4 27 6E
FEF6 AF 06
FEFEJ 36
FEE 9 CE FF 05
FEFC
Page 84
j^S IÊA-TKICIT^
FF30
Page 85
** OPTAB LEGAL OP-CODE LOOKUP TABLE
FF76 9C 00 3C OPTAB F-DB $9C0Or*3CAFr$400Of$0OAC»*64i2»*6412»*<;')410f*6410

FF86 11 01 10 FEiB $ 1 1 1 1 1 004 f $ 1 000 * 1 000 $ 1 1 on $ 1 OOC $ 1 OOC r $ 1 OOC
r f J r f
** HEX DISPLAY CODE TABLE
FF96 7E 30 6D DISTAB FCC HEXO HEXl HEX2 HEX3 HEX4 HEX5 HEX6 HEX7
r » » f » f r
FF9E 7F 7B 77 FCC HEX8 HEX9 HEXA HEXB r HEXC HEXD HEXE HEXF
T , » f f r
** KEY ^ÂLUE TABLE
FFA6 07 OA OD HEXTAB FCC 7fl0ri3T2.!j»8,llrl4

FFAE 03 06 09 FCC 3,6^9fl2»15r0»lf4
** COMMAND HANDLER ENTRY POINT TABLE
FFB6 FC 45 FD CMDTAB FDB ZERO REGA REGB REGP REGX f CONDX REGS RESUME STEP
f f f f » » »
FFC8 FC 46 FD FDB BKSET AUTO BACK REPL AC DO EXAM FOWD

f r r > f »
FFF8
FFF8
Page 86
SYMBOLIC
Page 87
Memory Map
The memory is organized as shown below.
Monitor ROM
Page 88
MESA-THKIIT®!
Keyboard And Display Functioning Addresses
KEYBOARD
Keys
Page 89
INSTRUCTION SET*
Page 90
HEATTIiKlIT*
INDEX REGISTER AND!

Page 91
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
In the extreme case where you are unable to resolve a

difficulty, refer to the "Customer Service" informa-
tion inside the rear cover of your Manual. Your War-
ranty is located inside the front cover.
VISUAL TESTS
1. Recheck the wiring. Trace each lead in colored

pencil on the Pictorial as it is checked. It is
frequently helpful to have a friend check your
work. Someone who is not familiar with the unit
may notice something you consistently over-
look.
2 About 90 percent of the kits that are returned to

the Heath Company for repair do not function
properly due to poor connections and soldering.
Therfore, you can eliminate many troubles by
reheating all connections to make sure they are
PICTORIAL 9-1 soldered.
3. Check to be sure that all the integrated circuits

are in their proper location andthat each IC pin
WARNING: Dangerous AC voltage is present inside
properly installed in
is its connector, and not
the cabinet (where the fuse is located) when the line
bent or under the IC.
cord is plugged in. See Pictorial 9-1.
4. Check the values of the parts. Be sure in each
This section of the Manual is divided into three parts: step that the proper part has been wired into the
"Visual Checks," "Troubleshooting Chart," and "De- circuit, as shown in the Pictorial diagrams. It
tailed Troubleshooting." Use the "Visual Checks" would be 470 Ci

easy, for example, to install a
first to find a difficulty that shows up right after your (yellow-violet-brown) resistor where a 4700 Cl
kit is assembled. You can also use the other two sec- resistor (yellow-violet-red) resistor should have
tions right after your kit is assembled, or at some been installed.

future time — if your Trainer ever stops working.
5. Check for bits of solder, wire ends, or other
If the trouble is still not located after you complete the foreign matter which may be lodged in the wir-
"Visual Checks," check voltage readings against ing.
those shown in the "Schematic." NOTE: All voltage

readings were taken with a high impedance voltmeter 6. A review of the "Theory of Operation" may also
(10 Mft or greater). help you determine the trouble.
Page 92
Precautions Substitution
Be cautious when you test IC's. Although they Corresponding display components can be inter-
have almost unlimited life when used properly, changed; IC's 23 through 28 can be interchanged, for
they are much more vulnerable to damage from example. If one display unit shows a digit incorrectly,
excessive voltage or current than some other interchange it with one of the other units to determine
components. if the display or the circuit is faulty. If the circuit is
faulty and there are no solder bridges on the as-
Be sure you do not short any terminals to ground sociated foil, interchange the decoder/driver IC with
when making voltage measurements. If the one of the others. This troubleshooting method can
probe slips, for example, and shorts out a bias or also be used with other problems.
supply point, it is very likely to damage one or
more IC or diode.
Do not remove an IC while the line cord is plug-

ged in.
Page 93
TROUBLESHOOTING CHARTS
NOTES: forexample, you find a damaged part, be sure
you find out what damaged the part. If the cause
The following chart lists These
parts to check. is not eliminated, the replacement part may also
parts indicate areas of the circuits where prob- become damaged when you put the unit back
lems could exist. Check the circuitry and look into operation.
foran assembly error or solder bridge. Parts are
rugged and reliable. Consider a part to be bad 3. In several areas of the circuit boards, the foil
last. patterns are quite narrow. When you unsolder a
part to check or replace it, avoid excessive heat
If you make a repair, make sure you eliminate while you remove the part. A suction-type de-
the cause as well as the effect of the trouble. If, soldering tool makes part removal easier.
POWER SUPPLIES
DIFFICULTY
Page 94
MIEJ-A-TPilCIT*
Troubleshooting Chart (cont'd.)
7-SEGMENT LED's
DIFFICULTY
Page 95
B. Unplug the line cord, remove ICl from its Be sure the pins of ICl are straight and then
socket, and plug the line cord back in. properly reinstall the IC in its socket.
With the indicated end of the yellow wire, Reconnect the yellow wire to LED connec-
one at a time, touch the eight circuit board tor block 7 (or to the connector block of an
plated-through holes shown. The eight LED that you know was not working) and
LED's should light one at a time. If they do the +5 connector block. The data LED
not, replace the LED that does not light. should light. If it does not light, replace ICl
C. With pliers, flatten one end of the yellow Clock

wire.
The simplest test to determine if the clock (IC19) is
Carefully insert the wire into pin 20 of sock- operating place a portable radio near the clock
is to
et ICl and touch the other wire end to the and tune the radio across the broadcast band. If the
indicated plated-through hole. The LED clock is operating, you will hear several "beat" sig-
should light. IF it does not light, check the nals. Unplug the Trainer's line cord and the beat
IC socket pins and the circuit board foils to signal will disappear if it is caused by the mi-
find out why +5 volts is not at pin 20 of the croprocessor clock.
socket. Then remove the yellow wire.
There are four different clock outputs used in the
D. Unplug the line cord. system (pins 7,9,13, and 1 5) Usually, the outputs of a
.
clock that has failed will assume a logic state. To test

the clock, use a wire and connect a data LED (LED 2
through LED 9) to the clock's four outputs. If the clock
is working, the LED will light but it will be noticeably
dimmer than the same LED connected to +5 volts.

This is due to the 50% duty cycle of the clock. See
Pictorial 9-3.
^^J^^L_J
~
D D (1 'if r|J
Control
Buffers
PICTORIAL 9-2 PICTORIAL 9-3

Page 96
RAM (0000) CJ .a i\^ CL
LLL LLL L L LLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

LLLLLI.I.L (.I.LI.LLLI.LLLI.LLL
eLI_l.LI.LLLLt.LLl.L
LI_^«.l_(-l-t.LLLl-Li.LLULL.LCLLLt. LH.H.I. LLLLLCLLLLLLLLI.
l_L
LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
lu a a o ti w o a o I ,
'
3 E
l-LLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLLLLI
=
B I NARY
—7
DATA_^y_
ULU-Li-LLLLCLLULLLLLLLLLLLLI-LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
Ll-LLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLLLLI
(. 1
p . /!-, I I I 1 n LLLLLLLuLLLLH-LLLLLLH-LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
LLLLLLLL LL LLLLLLLL LL L
TTTTTI L L L i/ T
'I
U ''
-'j
^^:S~
[
uLLe =
I
L LLLLULLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLLLLILL
I
I. 1. I- u I I
LLLLLI
'"'" '"^
I 1
1765432 10 |i I
Ij V ^ LJ:^^.^.:r^
PICTORIAL 9-4
Reset Set data switch to logic 1.
Refer to Pictorial 9-4 and connect a wire from a data Connect another wire from the indicated Binary Data
LED connector block to ICll pin 40. The LED should connector block to the circuit board soldered connec-
light. While you hold the test lead on pin 40, press the tion just left of the key. The lamp should stay on
Reset key. The LED should go out while the Reset key until you push the Reset key; then it will go out. It will
is pressed and come back on again when it is released. come back on when you release the key.
Then remove the wire.
To connect a wire from the indi-

test the reset input, Other Reset key will be covered
effects of pushing the
cated Binary Data connector block to LED connector you check the address and data lines. Re-
later after
block 0. move the two wires.

Page 97
Test Wires Prepare the following yellow wires. Cut them to the
lengths shown and remove 3/8" of insulation from
The following paragraphs instruct you how to make each end:

indicators for testing tri-state* devices. These are
necessary for testing address and data lines in the
WIRES LENGTH
following sections.
3 4"
2 8"
Unplug the line cord.
Refer to Pictorial 9-5 and c onne ct a 4" wire from the

Refer to Pictorial 9-5 (Illustration Booklet, Page 9) and
ground connector block to TSC.
unsolder and disconnect the indicated lead of resistor
R24 from the circuit board as shown.
Touch test wire 6 to the + 5 connector block to test the

Prepare a 2" yelloiA^ wîre. Temporarily solder one end
LED. LED 6 should light. Touch test wire 6 to ICl 1 pin
of the wire to the free lead of the resistor and plug the
39. LED 6 should again light; this indicates proper
other end of the wire into connector block 6.
TSC voltage. If the LED does not light, proceed to
"Control Lines" tests on Page 103.
Prepare two 12" yellow wires. Remove 3/8" of insula-
tion from both ends of each wire.
Touch test wire 6 to IC7 pin 1 and then to IC8 pin 1.
Insert one end of one wire into LED connector block 7. The LED should light both times. This indicates
proper tri-state voltage. If the LED does not light,
Insert one end of the other wire into LED connector proceed to "Control Lines" tests on Page 103.
block 6.
In the following sections, these two wires will be Touch test wire 7 to IC7 pin 19 and then to IC8 pin 19.
referred to as test wire 7 and test wire 6. Be sure you LED 7 should go out both times; this indicates the
reconnect and resolder the loose resistor lead after correct voltage to tri-state the address buffers.
you locate and repair the problem.
One after another, touch test wire 7 to each address
Plug in the line cord. LED 7 should be on and the other
output connector fA,)-A, 5] LED 7 will remain lit unless
data LED's should be off.
the line touched is shorted to logic 0. If the LED goes
out, trace the foil pattern and look for a solder bridge.
Address Lines
If this does not solve the problem, then remove the
IC's connected to that line, one at a time, to check for a

In checking the buffered address lines, you will look
defective IC. CAUTION: Do not remove or install IC's
for two basic problems:
with the line cord plugged you remove a MOS
in. If
IC, place it foam in which you re-
in the protective
1. Lines that are shorted.
ceived it. This will prevent possible damage from a
static charge. (See Page 36 for instructions on how to
2. Lines that are not connected properly.
handle MOS IC's.)
To perform these you will tri-state the CPU. In

tests,
from the CPU and from the
this state, the address lines
buffers are in a high impedance state. Therefore, any One after another, touch test wire 6 to each address
logic level can be put on these lines. Data input output connector. The LED will remain unlit. If the
switches will apply test logic levels to the address LED should light, it indicates a short to logic 1. Use
lines, and data LED displays will serve as logic level the same procedure as above to check for the cause of
indicators. the problem.
Registered Trademark, National Semiconductor

Page 98
The next test is to make sure that none of the address

To do this, you will put a
IC12 pin 24 The LED should light as each pin is
, etc.) .
lines are shorted together.

touched. does not light, an open circuit exists
If it
logic 1 on one line and a logic on the line beside it. If
will between the address terminal and the pin being
the two lines are shorted together, the logic
tested.
cause both LED's to be off. You will also check to see
that the address line is indeed connected to all the IC's
where it should be. Move the wire that is at line A^ to Ag. Then move the
wire at A^ to Aj.
Connect a 4" wire from the connector block of data

switch to the connector of data LED 0.
As before, should be on and LED 1 should be
LED
out. If both LED's are out, this time check for a short
Connect a 4" wire from data switch 1 to LED 1.
between lines Aj and A2.
Place the data switch to logic 1 and the data 1 switch
to logic 0.
Connect test wire 6 to all the IC pins indicated in Test

Connect an 8" wire from data LED to Ao, and an 8" Chart A connected to Aj. The
as being LED should
wire from data LED 1 to A^. LED should be on and
light as each pin is touched.
LED 1 should be out. If there is a short between lines
Ao and Aj, both LED's will be out. If the LED's are out,
check for solder bridges or defective IC's.
Continue moving the two wires towards one posi-
Ajg,
Connect test wire 6 to all the IC pins indicated in the tion at a time, and make the above three
tests in the
following chart as being connected to Ao (IC7 pin 12, steps until all the address lines have been checked.
Page 99
TEST CHART A
BUFFERED
ADDRESS
LINES
Page 100
m
.1^5 tiEAmilCIT
To check the address lines between the CPU and the

address connectors, it is necessary to remove the tri-
state condition from the buffers and the CPU.
Be sure the line cord is unplugged.
Remove ICll from its socket.
Remove IC5 and bend pin 11 out slightly. Then

reinstall the IC so that pin 11 is not in the socket.
Remove all the previously installed wires except test

wires 6 and 7.
Follow chart below and reconnect the wires.
WIRE FROM TO
4"
Page 101
TEST CHART B
8" WIRE
FROM LED TO:
Page 102
IiEi-A.THICIT6
Data Lines
Install the following jumper wires.
To check data lines for opens and shorts, you will

input data through the data buffers, alternate logic
WIRE FROM TO
and logic 1 on adjacent data lines, and then look for 4"
the correct data at the affected IC pins. To do this, you
will need the following yellow wires. Cut them to the
lengths specified and remove 3/8" of insulation from
each end.
WIRES LENGTH
3 8"
3 4"
If not already done, refer to Page 97 and prepare the

two test wires as instructed there.
Refer to Pictorial 9-6 (Illustration Bookl et, P age 9) and

and install a 4" wire between GND and TSC to tri-state
the CPU.
The data I/O buffers are bi-directional transceivers

with the enable line to provide data to the output
connectors.
Touch test wire 6 to pins 1 and 13 of IC9 and IClO. The

LED should light, indicating that the buffers are in the
right state.
Touch the test lead to each of the data connectors

[D0-D7). The lamp should light at each terminal, indi-
cating that the data lines are tri-stated and none of the
data lines are shorted to ground. If the LED does not
light, check both the terminal and the CPU sides of the
data lines involved.
Page 103
TEST CHART C
Page 104
PIEA-TMICIT®
To check thefive remaini ng contro l lines (R/W, TSC,

BA, VMA, and DBE) plus VMA(f)2, you will use Halt
and TSC, which forces a given logic level to appear on
these control lines. Refer to the following chart and
connect a wire from ground to the designated connec-
tor, and check for the desired result by touching test
wire 6 to the indicated connector or IC pin.
TOUCH
GROUND WIRE
TO
CONNECTOR
Page 105
m •aMEA-TPIKlIT*
1. I.
i.
L L
L L I.
PIN 9
mj
-liraEi
l^lLJlVll3 Control
^ (^^^ Buffers
PIN 6
R24- 'm
LL L L LLL L
L L LI. LLUL
^LLLLLLLUL LLL LLLL LULL

^^4
m
J-îiDC -<-l-LLLLLLLLLLLL
W IKh.LLLLLLLLLLLLL
I
L
llllllllLlllllLllllllll
ll lllllllllllllllllllll
//. I LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
Till l/(\ rJiin'-'-'-'-LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
>'-'- »^
; li ^<^y LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
N 71 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
. .1 LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
TEST WIRE 6
PICTORIAL 9-7
In the following steps, refer to Pages 10

and use wire 6 to check for
and 11 in the
To address the keyboard CO-X — Remove the wire
Illustration Booklet test
from between A14 and A 13, and install it between A9
proper address decoding. It is not necessary to go
and Aio. Address lines A3 through A7 are "don't care"
through the entire "Decoding Chart" unless the "End
lines, so let them float. Install 4" wires from data
Result" is not correct. After you place an address on
switch 0, 1, and 2 to the corresponding LED terminals
the address lines, check all the end results to make
and 8" wires from the connectors to the corresponding
sure a problem does not exist, which results in more
address lines.
than the desired function being addressed. The logic
level on the pins listed in the End Result column
With the keyboard address on the lines, first look for
should be opposite of that indicated when the IC or
the proper end result in the "Main Decoding Chart." If
function is not being addressed.
it is correct, proceed to the "Keyboard Column Ad-
—
To address RAM GO Install a wire from A 15 to GND. dress Decoding Chart."
Then install wires from A15 to A14, A14 to A13 etc., until
lines Ag t hrough Ais are all connected together. To In order to determine if a key is depressed, the
make sure VMA(f>2 is doing its job, switch D4 between monitor program causes the CPU to put the keyboard
"
logic 1 and logic 0. Th e chart End Result" should address on the line. Then it looks at the data lines to
only be obtained when VMA</>2 is logic 0. determine if a key is closed, which is indicated by the
presence of a logic on one of the affected data lines
To address RAM 01 — Remove the wire installed {Do through D5] The eight high-order bits (CO hex) are
.
between Ag and Ag for RAM 00 — Install a wire from decoded and enable the keyboard buffer.
Agto +5.
The three lower-order bits (3 , 5, or 6 hex) place a logic
To address ROM FC — Remove the wire installed on one of the key columns. If a key is closed in the
between Ag and Aio, and install it between Ag and A9. column address with a logic 0, a logic will appear on
Move the wire from A15 to + 5, and the wire from Ag to the corresponding data line. Then you can tell which
GND instead of +5. key is closed.
Page 106
Place data switches 0,1, and 2 in their logic 1 posi- To address an LED segment CIXX, move the 8" wires
tions. The address lines to the key columns are all from A4, Ag, and A^ to Ao, Aj, and A2 respectively.
logic 1 and no key is actually addressed. Depress keys Now use data switch 0, 1, and 2 to address the desired
F, E, and D. All data lines should remain logic 1. If a segment. Move VMA^2 from
the wire soldered to
line is logic 0, it indicates a shorted address line to the LED4 to GND. from data switches 3,4,
Install 4" wires
column of keys containing the depressed key. and 5 to LED connectors 3,4, and 5. Install 8" wires
from LED 3,4, and 5 to address lines A4, A5, and Ag.
Put the address for the right-hand column of keys (hex (NOTE: The data switches are one number from the
3) on the three low bit address lines using the data corresponding address line so LED's 6 and 7 can still
switches. The LED will indicate that the address is be used as logic level indicators.) Data switches 3,4,
correct. Connect the logic probe to each of the data and 5 can now be used to address the desired display
output connectors, Do through Dg. All the connections LED.
should be logic 1. If one of the data lines should be
logic 0, a short to GND is indicated in the keyboard controls the state of the LED segment
The Do data line
circuit. This could be caused by the key associated when the segment is addressed and VMA(^2 is logic 0.
with the data line or it could be the row of three keys. If Dois logic 1 the segment will light and if Do
, is logic
For example, with the hex 3 address on the line, we 0, the segment will be off. The Do data line is con-
find Do to be logic 0. The problem could be a short that nected through IC21 and IC6 to the D data input (pin
only affects key F,or it could be a short affecting the 13) of decoder latch IC's.
row of keys D, E, and F. If you change the hex 3
portion of the address to either hex 5 or hex 6, and Do The "Do Logic Level Chart" shows the levels at the
changes to logic 1, the short is only associated with various connections on the Do segment control line.
key F. However, if the logic remains, the problem is To control the logic level on the Do data line, connect
associated with the line to the entire row. an 8" wire from RE to GND. Connect another 8" wire to
the Do connector.The free end of this wire need not be
connected to provide a logic 1, but it must be con-
If the data lines are all logic 1 with no key depressed nected to GND to provide a logic level on Do. To test
and a hex 3 address, depress Key F. Look at all the data this area, place the address for an LED and a segment
lines while the key is depressed. Only Do should be
on the low-order address touch the output pin
lines,
logic 0. If, for example, lines Do and Di indicate logic
that should be affected with test wire 6, and then
0, a short exists between keys F and C, or between the
watch both the probe and the selected LED segment. If
rows of keys D, E, F, and A, B, C. Again, to determine
Do is logic 1, the segment should light and the logic
individual key versus rows of keys, change the col-
probe should indicate logic 0. The reverse is true if Do
umn address to hex 5 and depress key E. If only Do is is logic 0.
now logic 0, the problem exists between keys F and C.
If Do and D^ are logic 0, the problem is a short between If you wish to check different LED's or segments,
the D, E, F and A, B, C rows or keys. insert the Dq input lead into the 1 Hz square wave
connector. The address segment will turn on or off
approximately every 1/2 second.
With the hex 3 address on the line, depress keys D and
data line Do goes to logic 0, a short is indicated
E. If To test the latch act ion of th e decoder latches, move
between the column of key associated with the key the lead soldered to VMA02 from GND to LED 6 and
depressed and the column containing the F key. add from LED connector 6 to data switch 6. If
a wire
data switch 6 is logic 0, the addressed LED segment
will follow the Do logic level. To check the latching

To address the display LED's CIX — Remove the wire
. action, move data switch 6 from to 1 while the
at Ag-Ag. Move the GND

wire from Ag to A^. Then addressed LED segment is either on or off. The seg-
connect a wire from Ag to +5. Check for the proper ment should remain in the state it is in when VMA(/)2
end result indicated in the Main Decoding Chart. is moved to logic 1.
Move the 8" wires installed at Ao, Aj, and Ag to A4, A5,
and Ag. Use data switches 0, 1 , and 2 to apply the LED Remove the wires from your Trainer, properly replace
address as shown in the Display LED Chart. Test for IC5, and then reconnect and resolder the free lead of
the proper logic level at pin 14 of the addressed IC. resistor R24.
Page 107
SPECIFICATIONS
CPU (Central Processing Unit) 8-bit parallel, NMOS, bus oriented 6800.
ROM (Read Only Memory) NMOS, 1024 bytes.
RAM (Random Access Memory) NMOS, 256 bytes (plus sockets for additional 256
bytes)
Clock Frequency 500 kHz (approximately).
Display Six 7-segment LED digits.
Keyboard Hexadecimal (0-F and Reset). 1 through F are dual-

function keys and also enter commands.
Input Switches Eight miniature switches in a dual-in-line package.

(For experiments.)
LED Monitor Lights Eight red LED's with separate input terminals. (For
experiments.) +5 volts at 1.5 amperes (.5A available
for breadboard at output terminal.)
Power Supplies +12 volts, and - 12 volts at 50 milliamperes at output

terminals.
Power Requirements 105-130 volts or 2 10-260 volts rms, 50-60 Hz. 30 watts
maximum.
Fuse 3/8-ampere, slow-blow.
Dimensions 12-1/8" wide x 11-3/4" deep x 3-1/2" high.

(30.8 X 29.8 X 8.9 cm.)
Met Weight 4 lbs (1.8 kg).
The Heath Company reserves the right to discontinue

products and to change specifications at any time
without incurring any obligation to incorporate new
features in products previously sold.
Page 108
THEORY OF OPERATION
As you read this section, refer to theBlock Diagram the control lines for the other three section s of IC4
(Illustration Booklet, Page 12) and the Schematic become logic 0. The address, R/W, DBE, and VMA</>2
(fold-in). buffers are all tri-stated. In this state, DBE is held at
logic by a pull-down resistor and the other thre e
The operation of the CPU (microprocessor, ICll) is lines are held at logic 1 by pull-up resistors. When B A
very complex. Therefore, this section of the Manual goes to logic 0, the TSC section of IC4 is tri-stated,
will not discuss the internal operation of the CPU, but TSC does not control the output, and the output is
will discuss how the sections of circuitry in your held at logic 1 by a pull-up resistor which tri-states
Trainer operate together. For information concerning the address buffers R/W, DBE, and VMA<^2 as de-
the CPU, refer to Motorola's M6800 application man- scribed above.
ual.
The address lines are buffered by IC7 and IC8. The
Many connected to front panel connectors,
lines are buffers have active outputs or are tri-stated as previ-
as shown on the Schematic. Some are buffered and ously described.
some are not. Most of these connections and their
buffers will not be mentioned in the following par-
The eight high-order address lines are connected to
agraphs.
the address decoding IC's; VMA<^2 is also applied to
the decoding section. This line must be logic to
The Reset key is connected to the clock (IC19) which
obtain proper decoding. With the high-order byte 00
produces a proper reset pulse. This pulse is applied on the lines, a logic is placed on CE for IC14 and
through tri-state buffer IC6 to the reset input (pin 40)
IC15, and its 256 bytes of RAM memory may be ad-
of the CPU. dressed by lines A0-A7. R/W from the CPU determines
if information is to be stored into or read from the
Two non-overlapping outputs are connected from the RAM.
clock to the CPU. The memory 02 output is used for
internal timing and is connected through IC4 to the
DBE input (pin 36) of the CPU.
High-order byte 01 does the same thing for the op-
tional 256 bytes of RAM at that address.
The VMA from the CPU is buffered by IC6 and
line
then NA NDed by IC5B with memory <f)2 to produce
VMA</>2. This signal is then applied to the address With the high-order byte FC, FD, FE, FF; the address
decoding circuits. decoder places a logic in CSl of the ROM. Address
lines Ajo, A^, and A,2 place logic 1 on CSO, CS2, and
The CPU R/W line is coupled through IC4 to the R/W CSS; and lines Aq through Ag can address the 1024
inputs of RAM. bytes of read only memory.
The input TSC is applied through inverter

signal to
IC5C. TSC normally logic
is and is connected Buffer 1C13 is normally in its tri-state condition.
through IC4 to the input of IC5A and to G of the When the high-order address byte COdecoded, a
is
address buffers, IC7 and IC8. Line BA is normally logic is placed on its control lines to enable it.
connected through IC5D to the control line of the TSC Address lines Ao, Ai, and Ag apply a logic to one of
portion of IC4. The output of IC5A is logic J_and is the key columns and logic 1 to the other two columns.
conn ected to the control lines in IC4 for R/W, DBE, If a key is closed in the column with Logic on it, a
and VMA(^2; keeping these sections enabled. The logic is placed on the data line for the row of keys.
output of IC5A is also connected to an enable input of Which key is closed is determined by the monitor
the address buffers. program by knowing the address that is on the line
and which data line is 0. The diodes in series with the
If TSC is pulled to logic 1 , IC5A and G on
the input to three address lines serve as buffers to prevent two
the address buffers also become logic The output of
1. adjacent keys from accidentally changing the address
IC5A and, therefore, the inputs to address enable and due to the lines being shorted together.
Page 109
When high-order address byte Cl is decoded, the switch provide convenient connection for two wires
output of the decoder places a logic on the D input of to each switch section.With a switch in the lower
IC22. IC22 is a 4 to 10 line decoder. If a BCD number fclosed) position, the associated terminal will pro-
from through 10 is placed on the inputs, the output vide a logic level (ground). In the up fopen) position
line corresponding to that number will be logic 0. the level will be logic 1. The switch sections are
Output lines 1 through 6 are connected to the enable numbered through 7 from right to left. The eight
inputs of the six display latch drivers, IC23 through connectors numbered through 7 are inputs to the
IC28. If the D input to IC22 {which is BCD equivalent non-inverting buffer ICl. An 8200 ohm pull-down
of 8) is high, the BCD input will always be greater than resistor is connected through each input terminal to
8 and the output lines actually in use cannot be de- ground to hold the input at logic when no connec-
coded. With the D input held low, the BCD information is made to the terminals. Each buffer output is
tion supplied to the other three inputs will be connected through an LED and a 180 ohm current-
through 7. These three inputs are connected to ad- limiting resistor to ground. When the inputs to the
dress lines A4, A5, and Ag and will determine which buffer are logic 0, the outputs are also and the LED is
output line will be logic by their logic levels. A hex 6 off. When the input rises to logic 1, the output also
or BCD 110 on lines Aq, A5, and A4 will cause the rises to logic 1 and lights the LED.
enable line for the left-most latch driver (IC23 and
DISPLAY LED H] to be logic 0. Hex 1 or BCD 001 POWER SUPPLIES
enables IC28 and DISPLAY LED C.
The voltage from one of the center-tapped secondary
Address lines Aq, Ai, and Ag are connected to the latch windings (green leads] of power transformer Tl is
select inputs of all six latch drivers. The BCD code on rectified by diodes Dl and D2, filtered by capacitor
these lines (hex through 7], is decoded in the ena- Cl, and regulated by IC31 to produce the -l-5-volt DC
bled IC and results in the corresponding output line supply. With switch SWl in the On position, +5 volt
following the logic level on the D input of that IC. is supplied throughout the system. When SWl is in
Each of the output lines is connected through one of the Standby position, +5 volt is not supplied to the
seven segments of display LED or decimal point, and display LED's, data switches, or the -1-5 V connector
a current-limiting resistor, to +5 V. If the D input is block.
logic the addressed output line will be also, and a

corresponding segment will be lit. If D is logic 1, the The other center-tapped secondary winding (red] is
output line is 1 and the segment will be out. The Do rectifiedby diodes D3 and D5, filtered by C7, and
data line is inverted by IC21C and applied to the latch regulated by IC30 to provide a -12-volt supply. This
driver D inputs through IC6. Therefore, if line DO is same winding is rectified by diodes D4 and D6, fil-
tered by C6, and regulated by IC29 to provide a + 12-
logic 1, the D input is logic and the addressed
segment will be lit. If DO is logic 0, the addressed
volt supply. These two supplies are provided for
segment is off. The status of the output lines and LED bread-boarding and are not connected in the system.
segment, as determined by the address and DO logic They are available at the appropriate connector
level, is then latched when the enable line returns to blocks only when switch SWl is in the On position.
logic 1.
SQUARE WAVE OUTPUTS
The data lines are connected directly to the various
devices in the system. Data buffers IC9 and IClO are The AC voltage at the anode of diode D6 is coupled by
bus transceivers. They are wired to normally provide R5 and R6 to a section of voltage comparator IC18.
output from the data lines to the data terminals. Con- Diode DlO keeps the AC voltage from driving the
necting RE to logic reverses the input output pins so input negative with respect to ground. This section of
you can input data from the connectors. the comparator is a zero-crossing detector to provide a
symmetrical TTL compatible square wave that is in

BINARY DATA SECTION sync with the AC line.
The eight section data switch has one side of all A second section of IC18 is used as an oscillator to
switches connected to ground. The other side of each produce a TTL compatible square wave at approxi-
section has a 4700 ohm pull-up resistor to the mately 1 Hz. The symmetry and frequency of the
switched 5 V power supply. The connectors above the square wave are determined by C13, R13, and R14.
Page 110
SEMICONDUCTOR IDENTIFICATION CHARTS

DIODES
HEATH PART MAYBE

COMPONENT NUMBER REPLACED WITH IDENTIFICATION
important: the BftNDED END Of DIODES CAN

D1,D2 57-42 3A1 BE MARKED IN A NUMBER OF WAYS.
D3, D4, D5, D6 57-65 1 N4002
D7, D8, D9, D10 56-56 1N4149
BANDED END
LED1 412-611
LED2, LED3, LED4, 412-616 FLV117

LED5, LED6, LED7,
LED8, LED9
PIN
1 SEGMENT a
H, I, N, Z, V, C 411-831 TIL312 2 SEGiVlENT f
3 COjMMOIv anode
4 IÔTUSED
5 NOT USED
NOT USED
,
, SEG.Mt NT e
, 5 E G iVl E N T d
.RIGHT DEC MAI I
. SEGjvIEMT C
SEGi.lEfJT q
NOT USED
, S E G ivlt N T b
, COMMON ANODE
NOTE: PINS 3 ArjD 14 ARE
INTERNALLY CONNECTED TOGETHER.
Page 111
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
HEATH PART MAYBE
IC1,)C6, 443-824 74LS241

IC7, IC8 r-F^H^^H^^H^^HT^HTTHTT^^
^JV^Jl
'tiY /u\ I
/Sv /-a
HihLiHiHiHiHlHlKîHiHi^
INPUTS OUTPUTS
IC2, IC3 443-807 74LS42

IC20, IC22
12 3 4 5 6 GND
IC4 443-717 74126
105, 1021 443-26 74S00
109, 101 443-839 74LS243

Page 112
HEJ-A-THIKIIT*
Integrated Circuits, Cont'd.
HEATH PART MAYBE

aFiHHaRRFiHaa^HHiiiHPiHHP
IC11 443-827 MC6800P
-< < <
btlbldbldldbbayaHaHHaHHbl
GND
1012 444-17 MCM6830A' IX DO
g: Dl
Q D2
Q D3
q: D4
[T D5
o: ill
q:
Qi cso
en CSl CS3
CS2
IC13 443-720 40097
HHHHHHRn
IC14, IC15, 443-721 2112-2
IC16, IC17
HFHHHHBE
Must be mask programmed from the listing in this Manual.

m m-
aKEArrMICITS
Integrated Circuits Cont'd.

Page 113
HEATH PART MAYBE

IC18 442-616 LM3302N,
LM2901N,
or
(selected)
xirr
1019 443-840 MC6875

FOR PARTS REQUESTS ONLY
• Be sure to follow instructions carefully.
• Use a separate letter for all correspondence.
• Please allow 10-14 days for mail delivery time.
CUSTOMER SERVICE
RiPLACEMiNT PARTS Also include switch positions, connections to other units,
operating procedures, voltage readings, and any other infor-
Please provide complete information when you reqi^st re- matton you thir>k might be helpful.
placements from either the factory or Heath Electronic Cen-
ters. Be certain to inctucte the HEATH part nunob^ exactly as it
Please do not send parts for testing, unless tiiis is specifi-
spears in the parts list.
requested by our Consultants.
caily
Hints: Telephone traffic is lightest at midweek — please be

ORDERING PROM THE FACTORY sure your Manual and notes are on hand when you call.
requested on the parts order form

Print aJI of the information
Heathkit Electronic Center facilities are also avail£d3le for tele-
furnished with this product and mailit to Heath. For telephone
phone or "walk-in" personal assistance.
wcters (parts only) dial 616 982-3571. If you are unable to
locate an order form, write us a letter or card Including:
• Heath part number.

• Model number.
• Date of purchase.
REPAIR SERVICE
• Location purchased or invoice numtier.
Sen/ice facilities are available, if they are needed, to repair
• Nature of the defect.
your completed kit. (Kits that have been modified, soldered
• Your payment or authorization for COO shipment of parts
with paste flux or acid core solder, cannot be accepted for
not covered by warranty.
repair.)
Mail letters to: Heath Company

is convenient, personally deliver your kit to a Heathltit
If it
Benton Harbor
Electronic Center. For warranty parts replacement, sup-
Ml 49022
ply a copy of the invoice or sales slip.
Attn: Parts Replacement
If you prefer to ship your kit to the factory, attach a letter

Retain original parts until you receive replacements.
containing the following information directly to the unit:
Parts that should be returned to the factory will be listed
on your packing slip.
• Your name and address.
• Date of purchase and invoice number.
OBTAINING REPLACEMENTS FROM • Copies of all correspondence relevant to the service of the
HEATH ELECTRONIC CENTERS kit.
• A brief description of the difficulty.

For your convenience, "over the counter" replacement parts • Authorization to return your kit COD for the servrce and
are available from the Heath Electronic Centers listed in your shipping charges. (This will reduce the possibility of delay.)
catalog. Be sure to bring in the original part and purchase
invoicewhen you request a warranty replacement from a Check the equipment to see that all screws and parts are
Heath Electronic Center. secured. (Do not include any wooden cabinets or color televi-
sion picture tubes, as these are easily damaged in shipment.
Do not include the kit Manual.) Place the equipment in a strong
TECHNICAI. CONSULTATION carton with at least THREE INCHES of resilient packing mate-
rial (shredded paper, excelsior, etc.) on alt sides. Use addi-
Need help with your kit? — Self-Servlce? — Construction? — tional packing material where there are protrusions (control
Operation? — Call or write assistance,
for our Tech-
you'll find sticks, large knobs,etc.). If the unit weighs over 15 lbs., place
nical Consultants eager to help with just about any technical this carton in another one with 3/4" of packing material bet-
problem except "customizing" for unique applications. ween the two.
The effectiveness of our consultation sen/ice depends on the Seal the carton with reinforced gummed tape, tie it with a
information you furnish. Be sure to tell us: strong cord, and mark it "Fragile" on at least two sides. Re-
member, the carrier will not accept liability for shipping dam-
• The Model number and Series number from the blue and age if the unit is insufficiently packed. Ship by (prepaid express,
white label. United Parcel Sen/ice, or insured Parcel Post to:
• The date of purchase.
• An exact description of the difficulty. Heath Company
• Everything you have done in attempting to correct the prob- Service Department
lem. Benton Harbor ,*Michigan 49022
'^•y^ ^ ^ r^^' -' j^ ^" Si^^^, z7!W^^?r^^T^^^^^<^ .
.
%*''^'.
HEATH
vA^w:
• '
','^^îj
*'.***
,r-"
=?!>
HEATH COMPANY • BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN

THE WORLD'S FINEST ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT IN KIT FORM
LITHO IN U.S.A.
HEATH PARTS PRICE LIST
ET -3400 ECL 09 10/20/80 PA6E 1 OF /
KEEP THIS PARTS LIST WITH YOUR MANUAL AND USE THE PRICES SHOWN BELOW WHEN ORDERING
PARTS. THESE PRICES ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
THE PRICES SHOWN ON THE "HEATH PARTS PRICE LIST" APPLY ONLY ON PURCHASES FROM THE
HEATH COMPANY WHERE SHIPMENT IS TO A U.S.A. DESTINATION. ADD 10% (MINIMUM 25 CENTS)
TO THE PRICE WHEN ORDERING (MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4X SALES TAX) TO COVER
INSURANCE, POSTAGE^ AND HANiJlINS. OUTSIDE THE U.S.A., PARTS ARB'SERVICE ARE AVAILABLE
FROM YOUR LOCAL HEATHKIT SOURCE AND WILL REFLECT ADDITIONAL TRANSPORTATION, TAXES,.
DUTIES, AND RATES OF EXCHANGE.
ADDITIONAL 3 FT ROLLS OF SOLDER, #331-6, CAN BE ORDERED FOR 25 CENTS EACH-
PART NUMBER PRICE * PART NUMBER PRICE * PART NUMBER PRICE * PART NUMBER PRICE
Iz
PICTORIAL 1-6
Part of 597-1954-02
power
D D HEATHKIT microcomputer le
o standby on
IC14 1C15 IC16

^ÎC17
.a
RAM (0000) RAM (0100)
(j
••'•^
[)
Data I/O CPU
IC9 1C10
^S^^ ,
PICTORIAL 1-7
k+5VS
>ff48
\BZO0 iceôN
irqQ- 13]^? 4
RStD-
1>
CLOCK lel
+ 5VS
16 ho
IC6
6
^,0N
vcc MEM02 RESET

02
01
NC NC Vss V,
R49 35 pe
1000 IC19
5X ^ 443-840 NC NC
4MHz I j
-j-
Ci'J
20PF
BUS
02 GND RESET T + 5VS '^
<32D-
V T >R5I
;8200
uu^
180
5% rSSi
RE
TO PINS 6 4 35
ON THE BUS
o
PARTIAL SCHEMATIC
Model ETA-3400/EWA-3400 Page 1
REMOVE ALL SOLDER-RESIST
ON LOWER EDGE.
PICTORIAL 2-4
o Page 2
Of'G RED
ViOL/t'^GRN
)RIAL 2-4
RF SMIELI
TEMPLATE
DULL SIDE
(FACE DOWN)
RF SHIELD
TEMPLATE
Page 3
ILLUSTRATK^K
PARTS PteT
CE) CID CjD

NOTE: HEATH PART NUMftCRS
ARE STAMPED ON MOST DIODES.
OR
CeD
OR
OR
OR
OR
^
HON BOOKLET Part of 595-2021-06
TS PICTORIAL
B3> CED CED CZD dD CfD Cf!:^ QD C2>
CTT) CSo:) CnD

<2> Itc)
ID
•'S|
Copyright ©1977
Heath Company
All Rights Reserved
Model ET-3400 Printed in the United States of America
Parts Pictorial (i
<jD CJD
<jD
Page 2
Pictorial (cont'd.)
OD
OD
CtD CJD
CAUTION: FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION WARNING
AGAINST FIRE HAZARD. REPLACE FUSE ONLY
WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING 390-1255 DISCONNECT LINE CORD BEFORE OPENING
HEATH COMPANY
BENTON HARBOR. MICHIGAN 49027
MODEL ET 3400
l?0/240i/AC SO/eOHz 30WATTS
CkD
lES NO.
=^
CD
LED! J oOoUoL OUO
I
1
a c
RAM (0000) RAM (0100) D'iD'iD
"l
LL«.L [ ] LLLL I
t LLLt (1 n LLLL fl fl
LLLL fl fl LILL f
LLLLLH-l-Ll-LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
l.H-H.l.l.l_LLLLLLH.LLLLLLLLLLLLH.I.LLLl.LL(.LLLLLLLLl.L
l.Cl.H.l.l.i.LLLLI.LLLLLLH.LLLul_LLLH.l.H.LLH.LLLLLLLLLL
H.l.l.Ll.l-l.LLLLLLLH.LLLLLLLH-LLl-LLI.LLLLH.LL.LLLLLH.1.
(.t.LLLH-l.H-1-LLLLLLLLLl.LLL L LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLI-1- LL
^^mn)
LLLLLLLULLL LLC LH-LLH-LLLLLLLLLUI-LLLL LLLL LLLLL LLt-
^
l.(.CI.Ll-t.LLLLLLLLLLLLI_l.LLl-L(-LLLLLI.H-l.LH.LLLLLLLLH.
(TtT^ LLLLLUI-I.LLLLLI.LLLLCLLI-LLLLLLLLCI.LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
H.H.H.LLLLLLI.LLLLH.LLLLLLLLLLLH.LLI-LLLLLLLLLLLLL
|.I.Ct.LH.I.I-LLH.I-LLLLl-LLLLLLLLLLLL>.>-H-LL<.l-LLLLLLLLL
Pwr I
f;
prrnj
LARGE
CONNECTOR
BLOCK
PICTORIAL 1-12
m
KEYBOARD
CIRCUIT
BOARD
6-32 X 1/4
SCREW
(
#6 LOCKWASHER
SPACER
PICTORIAL 3-1
Page 3
PICTORIAL 4-1
O o
'
6-32 X 1/4 SOLDER BRAID

SCREW LARGE FOIL PA
Page 4
O
u O o
® o o ®
o o o
® (S)
O O O
O O O
O O
SUPPORT
wa BRACKET
CABLE TIE
CI
6000|iF
6-32 X 1/4'
SOLDER BRAID TO 9-1/2" SCREW
LARGE FOIL PAD WHT-ORG
PICTORIAL 4-2
^ MA~> wuT v^^ 1/0.. vc.
DO NOT COVER 1-3/4" . . ,.„
WHT-ORG 6-1/4" WHT-YEL A
6-1/2" YEL 2-1/2
HOLE WITH WIRE ORG
(FROM IC31
13" BRN 13-3/4" WHT-BRN
PICTORIAL 4-3
2-1/2"
WHT-BRN
r
FERRITE
BEAD
4r
o PICTORIAL 5-1
Page 5
Page 6
CLULLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLk
.LLLLLl. LLl.Lk.L.l.LLLLLLLLk.LLI.l.l.luL
LLLULt. 1-LI.Lt.l.LLl.Li.Lkt.LLLLt.kLl.L
.LLLLCk. I.LLLI.tLt.LLt.LLk.LLLkLkk.t.1.
L>.L Ll.LLH.tLLW>.t.H.H.>.L LL PICTORIAL 6-1
i-i-LLl.LLLLLI.I.Ll.LLl.LLL(.UI.
I- C k. L I. L L L 1. 1. L L L L L I. L k. L L L L L
,l.Lt.t.l.U
.LLi-LLL 1-CkCLLLI.LLLLi.LLI.t.Ll.tLLL
.LLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLL LLLLLL LLLLLL
.LLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLL LLLLLL LLLLLL
_rL
- PICTORIAL 6-2
KEY NAMES/FUNCTIONS
D-DO: Enter letter "D" or do

E-EXAM: Enter letter "E," or re-
program at address to be en-
quest address to be examined.
tered.
F-FWD: Enter letter "F," or in-

B-Back: Enter letter "B," or decrement displayed memory ad-
crement displayed memory address.
^ dress.
A-Auto: Enter letter "A," or en- C-CHAN: Enter letter "C," or re-
quest change of address or data.
able automatic program load-
ing.
RED 8-SS: Enter numeral "8," or

LABELS 7-RTI: Enter numeral "7," or re- single step user's program.
sume user's program.
rt 9-BR: Enter numeral "9," or

5-CC: Enter numeral "5," or
permit entry of break points.
display condition code register.
6-SP: Enter numeral "6," or dis-

4-INDEX: Enter numeral "4," or play stack pointer.
display index register.
3-PC: Enter numeral "3," or dis-
play program counter.
1-ACCA: Enter numeral "1," or
display Accumulator A.
RESET: Reset system for new
operation.
0: Enter numeral "0," (zero). 2-ACCB: Enter numeral "2", or
displays Accumulator B.
PICTORIAL 6-3
Page 7
POWER switch (SWl) - Selects
either the STANDBY or ON pos-
ition. Memory never dumps
while the line cord is connected
to AC power.
power
LEDl - Indicates when the line
cord is plugged into AC power. HEATHKIT microcompute
standby on
Provides input and output con-

trol of data transceivers.
RAM (0000)
^
RAM (0100)
Data I/O CPU

Provides connections to system
data lines. )
Provides outputs from 02 clock,

VMA02 clock,
square wave sources.
line, and iHz
^^ n
PM^ RdTl
I 3 Control
Buffers
.
LED's Display status of logic in-

puts.
^
=7,
ULUL f]
rr=7,
ri
4. L L L |1
.
fl
LLLL |1 fl LLIL
-
f
Provides inputs for LED's.

JL
LLt.LLLLI.LULL LLLL LLLL LLL LLLLLLLL
1.1.
LLLlLLLLLLLULLLlLLLLLLLLU LLLLLLLL
LLLL LL LL LL Lull LLLL LLLL LLl LLLLLLLL
LLLL LLLLLLLLLl LLLL LLLLLLL LL LLLLUC
LLLL LL LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL
Provides connections to micro-
l'llllllllllllllllllllllll -wlL
processor control lines.
^
l^lllll llllllll lll llllllll lLLLLL
^31^9 ^^p L'LlLLLLlLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL LLLLLLLL

Jllllllllllllllllllllllll LLLLLLLL
JLJL L L LL L L LL L L L L L L L U L L L L L LL LLLCLLbL
Pwr
Provides outputs for INPUT djruTj
SWITCHES.
INPUT SWITCHES -Provide

logic I's and O's to 8-pin con-
nectors.
Supplies connections to +12 Connectors are internally con-

volts, -12 volts, +5 volts, and nected together.
ground.
PICTORIAl
Page 8
1
1
n
LED DISPLAY - Displays infor-

microcoinputer learning system mation as directed by the mi-
croprocessor.
SEGMENT TEST - When

shorted together, the LED DIS-
PLAY will show all eights.
Provides outputs from buffered

address lines.
f?M^
KEYBOARD - Allows you to

enter data or commands.
âHy
r TERMINAL BLOCK Use this to

-
<-Ll.L LLLL n LLLL LllL

\ |1
fl
[1 ll fl f
make solderless connections.
Do not insert wires or leads
LLL LLL LL LLLl larger than #20 (0.032").
LLLLLLLLLLLI
ULLLLLl LCi.1.1.
L LLLL LLLLLLL
L LLLL LLLLL LL
L LL LLLLLLLL
LLLLLLLLLLL __
LLLLLLLLLLLLLLlLLULLLLLLLLLL LLLLL
LLLULLLLLLLLLLLLLLLULLLLLLLLLLLLL
LLLLL|-LLLH.LL>-LLI.LL>-LLLI-LLLLLLLLL
CAUTION: Do not insert larger

than #20 (0.032") solid wire or
component leads in the connec-
tors of this instrument.
"e internally con-

er.
PICTORIAL 8-1
PICTORIAL 9-5
RAM (0000) RAM (0100)
RE
LLtcii^Ma CPU
PIN
T
I/O
D
MAIN DECODING €
Page 10
^ DECODING CHART
IC21 IC20
'UT INPUT OUTPUT END RESULT

3, 12, 11,
4 13 5 12 13 14 15 5 6 10 11
10 Oil IC14 and IC15,

Pin 13 is 0.
10 10 1 IC16 and IC17,

Pin 13 is 0.
1 110 111 IC12 pins 10,

Pin 11 is 0.
13,, and 14 are 1.
10 110 IC13 pins 1 and 15 are 0.
Oil 100 1 111 IC22 pin 12 is 0.
ADDRESS DECODING CHART
PRESS
SPLA\
At
TSC
+ 5
BA
t
IC5
BA /J ^—N. ADDRESS
IC4
TSC —
C ^0"^15
\r K
) BUFFERS
ic 7-IC8 1^
R/W
RAM
DBE IC14-|(
ICll -» WE
<-<>
O VMA 02
BUS
02
CPU IC16-I(
3
^0-^7
R/W
2-PHASE ^01 R
MEM CLOCK ^02 A N

S I v
£!2 IC19 E L M R M IC21
T T 1 Q A
RESET C6
KEY
:nnr
DATA
BLOCK DIAGB
Page 12
VMA 02
ADDRESS
LINES
"^y^^S-S
—K ADDRESS
a:N
ROM CSI ADDRESS
DECODING
BUFFERS
15 )
"V y
12
IC12
IC2-IC3
IC
'-^^ n^tC20-IC21
DISPLAY
SPLAY
LED
A
/t~k
DEC GOING V 4 6
RAM _ C22 N
IC14-IC15 EE
* WE
CE
IC16-IC17
CE
J^ <^ KEYBOARD Aq-A^
°0-"7 IC13 \ SEGMENT
DECODING
i£ HD C %"^2
IC23-IC28
DATA
BUFFERS
IC9-IC10 RE
DISPLAY
LED
DATA LINES
)CK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT BOARD X-RAY VIEW
NOTE: To find the PART NUMBER of a component

for the purpose of ordering a replacement part:
A. Find the circuit component number fR5,

C3, etc.) on the "X-Ray View."
B. Locate this same number in the "Circuit

Component Number" column of the "Parts
List."
C. Adjacent to the circuit component number,

you will find the PART NUMBER and DE-
SCRIPTION which must be supplied when
you order a replacement part,
Top foil in red
(Shown from bottom side!

Page 13
1 ^'-H
NOTESi
1. ALL RESISTOS
OTHERWISE. S
M = l, 000,0001.
ALL CAPACITI
3. THIS SYMBC
d^-/^ H'GH (MPI
INDICATED 1
+ 2C
^ THIS SYMBO
5.
n THIS SYMBO
CONNECTOR
D GND.2_, 13I—
LL RESISTORS ARE 1/4 WATT, 10% UNLESS MARKEO
THERWISE. RESISTOR VALUES ARE IN OHMS (k=1000;
1=1,000,0001.
SCHEMATIC OF THE
LL CAPACITORS ARE IM |jf UNLESS MARKED OTHERWISE.
HEATHKIT®
THIS SYMBOL INDICATES A DC VOLTAGE TAKEN WITH MICROCOMPUTER LEARNING SYSTEM
A HIGH IMPEDANCE INPUT VOLTMETER FROM THE POINT
INDICATED TO CHASSIS GROUND. VOLTAGES MAY VARY MODEL ET-3400
±20%.
THIS SYMBOL INDICATES CIRCUIT BOARD GROUND.
THIS SYMBOL INDICATES A CONNECTOR IN A """

CONNECTOR BLOCK.
USE IS CRITICAL EOR CONTINUED SAFETY. REPLACE
HEM ONLY WITH PARTS OF THE SAME RATING OR WITH
HE PROPER HEATH PARTS.
FYOU INSTALL THE iO-PIN ACCESSORY CONNECTOR,

ONNECTIONS ARE TO THE BUFFERED LINES (Fl USE )
UMPER WIRES TO CONNECT THE DATA LINES.

Part of 595-2021-06
Copyright 1977 ©
Heath Company
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the United States of America
u.
Dpqbcdefg
J
:J5? *s*I ^7 *7 ^ ^( r *f*f *r * *f 't *f *i
r
>|i2 |ii [iQ I9 I? le Is \a *5V S

|i2 111 |io I9 h le U !
O7Q6 Q5 Q4 Oj Q; Q, Qo O7O6 Qs Q4 Q3 Oz 0, do
"" IC27 IC28
AA3-B0A
0-^ GND --j
*g *l *0 CLR
1 15
D
13
gJv
14
1 *o CLR
c
15
D
13
G
14
V
SEGMENT
TEST
i
+ 5VS
IC5
VMA02Q- 6
vmaQ-
baQ-
C5
TSCD-
+5ysy — KB
R/wQ-
haltQ-
NMlQ-
irqQ-
rstQ-
20
;lock i6|
^-
|6
IC19
443-8')0
IMH, 4=^
02Q-
V T
":. .g^tlMiMiMimi^
^îti^îiiii^^
-4
1C21
+5VS
4-TO-10 LINE
IC22 DECODER
443-S07
T
»yys:-^»»-^?^;y^^c
Vcc
THESE
RAM RAM RAM RAM ARE OP
ICI4 IC15 ICI6 IC17
443-721 443- 721 443-721 443-721
1^
1/0,1/0,1/0, i/0, n/v5(- I/Q4 I/O3I/O2 I/Oi I I/O4 I/O3I /O2 1/0, fl/W GNO I/Q^ l/031/Qg I/O] R/W GNO
LEd
r? ±. "ô"
^
SEGMENT
TEST
THE5E JC'5
RAM ARE OPTIONAL
IC17
4a3-721
»q,lA)3l/0;l/0iR/WS
'sr^z'T",
.1.1

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HEATHKrr

HEATH COMPANY • BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN

Kit orders and; delivery information (616) 982-341

Technical Assistance Phone Numbers

YOUR HEATHKIT 90-DAY LtMITED WARRANTY

BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN 490 2 2 Printed in ttie United States of America

Introduction 3 In Case of Difficulty 91

Assembly Notes 4 Troubleshooting Charts 93

Final Assembly 42 Warranty Inside front cover

Operation 45 Customer Service Inside rear cover

• Uses the popular 6800 Microprocessor.

You will need these tools to assemble your kit.

OTHER HELPFUL /--^-^

*T0 REMOVE SOLDER FROM CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS.

Each circuit part in an electronic kit has its own SOLDERING

— In some illustrations, It is easy to make a good solder connection if you

When you are instructed to cut something to a

&-BAND RESISTORS 2-WATT

The key numbers correspond to the numbers on the

The resistors may be packed in more than one Other Resistors

1/4- Watt Resistors

KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT

C1 57-42 2 3A1 diode

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (IC's)

KEY HEATH QTY. DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT

TERMINAL STRIPS — CONNECTORS —

The steps performed in this Pictorial are

As the solder begins to

) Press the resistor against the cir-

in the eye by the flying lead.

Check the connection. Compare it

A GOOD SOLDER CONNECTION

SOLDER FLOWS OUTWARD

POOR SOLDER CONNECTIONS

Use only enough solder to make a good connection,

circuit board foii-side-down and heat the solder be-

The steps performed in this Pictorial are

MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD

NOTE: When you install an IC socket, R7: 220 kft (red-red-yellow).

2. Insert the pins into the holes.

3. Turn the circuit board over

4. Solder the pins to the foil as

NOTE: Some socket pins will

der these pins.

R50; 220 kft (red-red-yellow).

Rl; 27 kft (red-violet-orange).

R8; 15 kft (brown-green-orange).

R3: 68 ft, 1/2-watt (blue-gray-

R4: 68 ft, 1/2-watt (blue-gray-

16-pin IC sockets at the seven follow-

( ] IC14. ( 1 IC19. 14-pin IC socket at IC21.

NOTE; Be sure you install the first re- PICTORIAL 1-2

IDENTIFICATION NOTE: Hold the leads with a pair of

The steps performed in this Pictorial are

R79: 470 ft (yellow-violet-brown).

D3: 1N4002 diode (#57-65).

16-pin IC socket at IC25.

R87: 470 ft (yellow-violet-brown).

end. Look for a band painted on the

( ] 24-pin IC socket, at IC12.