ALMANAC ORBIT DATA and RESOURCES ON ACTIVE GNSS SATELLITES

GPS CONSTELLATION
SVN PRN CLOCK LAUNCHED USABLE PLANE/SLOT NOTES
TYPE: Block IIA
34 18 Rb 10-26-93 3-20-18 D6 A
TYPE: Block IIR
43 13 Rb 7-23-97 1-31-98 F6
46 11 Rb 10-7-99 1-3-00 D2-F
51 20 Rb 5-11-00 6-1-00 E4 B
44 28 Rb 7-16-00 8-17-00 B3
41 14 Rb 11-10-00 12-10-00 F2-F
54 18 1-30-01 2-15-01 C
56 16 Rb 1-29-03 2-18-03 B1-A
45 21 Rb 3-31-03 4-12-03 D3
47 22 Rb 12-21-03 1-12-04 E6
59 19 Rb 3-20-04 4-5-04 C5
60 23 Rb 6-23-04 7-9-04 F4
61 02 Rb 11-6-04 11-22-04 D1
TYPE: Block IIR-M
53 17 Rb 9-26-05 12-16-05 C4
52 31 Rb 9-25-06 10-12-06 A2
58 12 Rb 11-17-06 12-13-06 B4
55 15 Rb 10-17-07 10-31-07 F2-A
57 29 Rb 12-20-07 1-2-08 C1
48 07 Rb 3-15-08 3-24-08 A4
50 05 Rb 8-17-09 8-27-09 E3
TYPE: Block IIF
62 25 Rb 5-28-10 8-27-10 B2
63 01 Rb 7-16-11 10-14-11 D2-A
65 24 Cs 10-4-12 11-14-12 A1 Lockheed Martin’s GPS III SV03, shown with its solar
66 27 Rb 5-15-13 6-21-13 C2 panels. (Photo: Lockheed Martin)
64 30 Rb 2-21-14 5-30-14 A3
67 06 Rb 5-17-14 6-10-14 D4 GPS NOTES
68 09 Rb 8-2-14 9-17-14 F3 1. “SV Number” refers to space vehicle number. “PRN Number” refers to the satellite’s unique
69 03 Rb 10-29-14 12-12-14 E1 pseudorandom noise code.
71 26 Rb 3-25-15 4-20-15 B1-F 2. Clock: Rb = rubidium; Cs = cesium.
72 08 Cs 7-15-15 8-12-15 C3 3. “Launched” and “Usable” dates are based on Universal Time.
73 10 Rb 10-31-15 12-9-15 E2 4. The current active GPS constellation consists of 1 Block IIA, 11 Block IIRs, 7 Block IIR-Ms and 12 Block IIFs for
70 32 Rb 2-5-16 3-9-16 F1 a total of 31 satellites and is under FOC (Full Operational Capability). The constellation is in the 24+3 (or
“Expandable 24”) configuration with satellites occupying the fore and aft bifuracted slots in the B, D and
F planes. There are currently 2 reserve satellites, SVNs, 36 and 38, and one test satellite, 49, near slots, C2,
ABOUT THESE TABLES A2 and B1-F, respectively. SVN36 transmitted L-band signals as PRN04 between July 20 and Nov. 28, 2017.
SVN38 transmitted L-band signals as PRN04 between May 19 and July 14, 2017. SVN49 transmitted L-band
• GPS World believes this information to satellite status information and signals as PRN04 again starting Dec. 1, 2017. For these test transmissions, the satellites are not set healthy
be correct as of press time. However, compiled the notes. and not included in broadcast almanacs.
because of the evolving nature of • For supplemental notes on the 5. The Block IIF-1 through IIF-12 satellites have nicknames Polaris, Sirius, Arcturus, Vega, Canopus, Rigel,
satellite constellations, readers should constellations, additional satellite Capella, Spica, Deneb, Antares, Altair and Betelgeuse respectively.
refer to the online version of this and system information and other 6. SVN35 and 36 carry onboard corner-cube reflectors for satellite laser ranging (SLR). SLR tracking of the
Almanac for more current data. GNSS resources, see the online GNSS satellites permitted analysts to differentiate between onboard clock errors and satellite ephemeris errors in
• Dr. Richard Langley of the University Almanac at gpsworld.com/the- GPS tracking.
of New Brunswick provided the almanac/. 7. Selective availability (SA) was set to zero on all satellites by presidential order on May 2, 2000 at
For more information, see the online GNSS Almanac at approximately 4:00 UT. Previous Almanacs provide a history of SA status.
8. Antispoofing (AS) was activated on Jan. 31, 1994, on all Block IIs. AS is occasionally off for testing and other
gpsworld.com/the-almanac/. purposes. Previous Almanacs provide a history of AS status.
9. The design life and mean-mission duration goals of the Block IIA, IIR, and IIF satellites are 7.5 and 6 years,
10 and 7.5 years, and 12 and 9.9 years, respectively.
GPS SATELLITE & SYSTEM INFORMATION 10. The launch of the first Block III (GPS III) satellite is expected no earlier than October 2018.
■ GPS.gov
PERFORMANCE NOTES
■ National Executive Committee for Space-Based Positioning,
Navigation & Timing: www.gps.gov/governance/excom/ A. SVN34, previously a reserve satellite, was daily Operational Advisories and on
reactivated to replace SVN54. It started the NavCen website coinciding with the
■ DoD GPS Operations Center and 2SOPS Constellation Status to transmit L-band signals as PRN18 on decommissioning of SVN54.
(military only): https://gps.afspc.af.mil/gpsoc/; https://gps.afspc. March 8, 2018, and was set usable on C. SVN54/PRN18 was set unusable on Jan.
af.mil/gps/ March 20, 2018. 23, 2018, and decommissioned from the
■ U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center Navigation Information B. SVN51/PRN20’s slot designation has active constellation on March 5, 2018.
Service (NIS): www.navcen.uscg.gov been changed from E7 to E4 in GPSOC

44 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM AUGUST 2018

 GLONASS CONSTELLATION
GLONASS KOSMOS ALMANAC/ ORBIT GLONASS NOTES
NUMBER NUMBER LAUNCHED USABLE SLOT CHANNEL PLANE NOTES 1. The first GLONASS satellite was launched Oct. 12, 1982.
102 (716) 2425 12-25-06 10-12-07 15 0 2 2. The GLONASS numbering scheme used in this table includes the eight “dummy” satellites orbited
103 (717) 2426 12-25-06 4-3-07 10 -7 2 as ballast along with “real” satellites on the first seven GLONASS launches. The second number (in
105 (719) 2432 10-26-07 11-27-07 20 2 3 parentheses) in the “GLONASS Number” column is that assigned by the Russian Space Forces.
106 (720) 2433 10-26-07 11-25-07 19 3 3 3. The Russian Federation designated the “Kosmos Number.”
107 (721) 2434 12-25-07 2-8-08 13 -2 2 4. GLONASS numbers 1–101 have been withdrawn from service.
109 (723) 2436 12-25-07 1-22-08 12 -1 2 A 5. All operational satellites are GLONASS-M satellites, except GLONASS 125 and 134, which are
116 (730) 2456 12-14-09 1-30-10 1 1 1 GLONASS-K1 satellites. GLONASS 133 includes an L3 transmitter.
117 (733) 2457 12-14-09 1-24-10 6 -4 1 B 6. All launch and usable dates are based on Moscow Time (Universal Time + 3 hours).
118 (734) 2458 12-14-09 1-10-10 5 1 1 7. Almanac/slot numbers in parentheses indicate the physical orbital slot of reserve/test satellites or
119 (731) 2459 3-1-10 3-28-10 22 -3 3 those in maintenance and not in the almanac.
120 (732) 2460 3-1-10 3-28-10 23 3 3 8. Channel number “k” indicates L1 and L2 carrier frequencies: L1 = 1,602 + 0.5625 k (MHz); L2 = 1,246 +
121 (735) 2461 3-1-10 3-28-10 24 2 3 0.4375 k (MHz).
122 (736) 2464 9-2-10 10-4-10 16 -1 2 9. All GLONASS satellites use cesium atomic clocks.
125 (701) 2471 2-26-11 (20) -5 3 C 10. Twenty-four GLONASS satellites are currently set healthy.
126 (742) 2474 10-2-11 10-25-11 4 6 1 11. New GLONASS channel allocations were introduced September 1993 to reduce interference to radio
127 (743) 2475 11-4-11 3-5-13 8 6 1 astronomy. Note the use of the same channel on pairs of antipodal satellites.
128 (744) 2476 11-4-11 12-8-11 3 5 1 12. GPS World believes this information to be correct as of press time. However, because of the satellite
129 (745) 2477 11-4-11 12-23-11 7 5 1 constellation’s evolving nature, we encourage readers to contact the GLONASS sources listed on
131 (747) 2485 4-26-13 7-4-13 2 -4 1 these pages for more current information.
132 (754) 2492 3-24-14 4-13-14 18 -3 3
133 (755) 2500 6-14-14 8-3-14 21 4 3 GLONASS SYSTEM INFORMATION
134 (702) 2501 11-30-14 2-15-16 9 -2 2 The Information and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing (IAC PNT) of the Russian
135 (751) 2514 2-7-16 2-28-16 17 4 3 Space Agency publishes official information about GLONASS status and plans as well as consultation,
136 (753) 2516 5-19-16 6-27-16 11 0 2 information and scientific-method services to increase GLONASS applications efficiency. It provides
137 (752) 2522 9-22-17 10-16-17 14 -7 2 current constellations, Earth maps of the current and daily navigation availabilities, results of GNSS
138 (756) 2527 6-7-18 1 D navigation field monitoring in the Moscow area in a real-time mode, and other data.
For more information: IAC PNT Center, Central Research Institute for Machine Building, Federal State
GLONASS-M Unitary Enterprise, www.glonass-iac.ru/en/, email: [email protected]
satellite 138 is PERFORMANCE NOTES
rolled out for
A. L2 transmissions appear to be impaired. broadcast ephemeris.
launch. (Photo: B. L2 transmissions appear to be impaired. D. GLONASS 138 was launched into Plane
Russian Ministry C. GLONASS 125, the first GLONASS-K1 1 on June 7, 2018, from the Plesetsk
of Defense) satellite, is currently in flight test mode Cosmodrome and is drifting to its intended
near physical orbital slot 20. When not orbital slot.
in the active constellation, the satellite
typically identifies itself as satellite 26 in its

GNSS INTERNET RESOURCES See more at gpsworld.com/the-almanac/

UNITED STATES AND CANADA 2SOPS Constellation Status (military only) National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
Canadian Space Geodesy Forum https://gps.afspc.af.mil/gps/ Precise GPS Orbit Information and Earth Orientation Parameter
www2.unb.ca/gge/Resources/ The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Predictions (EOPP): http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/sathtml/
CANSPACE.html GPS Operations Center and the 2nd Space The NGA Global Positioning System Division/Ephemeris Support and
This University of New Brunswick Operations Squadron (2SOPS), U.S. Air Analysis Team maintains a website for Department of Defense and
service presents daily GPS constellation Force, maintain Internet sites for military civilian users with precise GPS orbit and clock information based on
status reports, ionospheric disturbance and DoD users. The GPS Operations tracking data collected from NGA, U.S. Air Force and IGS stations.
warnings, and news and discussion Center provides DOP predictions, GPS Daily and weekly precise ephemeris and clock estimate data, both
about GPS and other space-based positioning systems by way of performance assessments, anomaly impact analysis, GPS FAQs, and center-of-mass (pedata) and antenna phase center (apcpe) are
electronic mail. Downloadable files are also available. To subscribe, other services to meet the needs of GPS users in the field. 2SOPS calculated on a 15-minute interval. email: [email protected].
email the one-line message [sub CANSPACE your_name] to operates a GPS Constellation Status site with scheduled outages, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Spatial Reference System
[email protected]. For more information: Terry Arsenault or Richard user advisories, almanac data, electronic mail,and downloadable www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/geodetic-reference-
Langley, phone (506) 453-4698, fax (506) 453-4943, email se@ files. Military: Contact GPS Operations Center at DSN 560-2541 or systems/9052
unb.ca. Commercial (719) 567-2541. Canadian Geodetic Survey operates the Canadian Active Control
GPS.gov National Executive Committee (EXCOM) for Space-Based System (CACS), a national network of continuously operating
The U.S. government provides the GPS.gov website to educate Positioning, Navigation & Timing (PNT) GNSS tracking stations.
the public about the Global Positioning System and related topics. www.gps.gov/governance/excom/ Products derived from CACS
Information includes content for the general public, Congress, The EXCOM advises U.S. government leadership and coordinates include GNSS observation
international citizens, professionals and students. The site is with federal agencies about policy matters concerning GPS. The data, precise GNSS
maintained by the National Coordination Office for Space-Based deputy secretaries of Defense and Transportation jointly chair the orbits and precise GNSS
Positioning, Navigation, and Timing in coordination with multiple EXCOM. Membership includes officials from NASA, the departments clock corrections. (343)
federal agencies. of State, Commerce, Homeland Security, Agriculture, Interior, and 292-6617; email nrcan.
the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The National Space-Based PNT Advisory [email protected].
DoD GPS Operations Center (military only)
Board operates in an independent advisory capacity for the EXCOM.
https://gps.afspc.af.mil/gpsoc/
email [email protected]. Continued on page 46 >>

AUGUST 2018 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM G P S W O R L D 45

 ALMANAC
BEIDOU CONSTELLATION
SATELLITE NORAD ID PRN LAUNCHED ORBIT NOTES
TYPE: BeiDou-2
BeiDou M1 31115 C30 4-13-07 MEO period 12.89 hours A
BeiDou G2 34779 N/A 4-14-09 GEO drifting B
BeiDou G1 36287 C01 1-16-10 GEO 140° E C
BeiDou G3 36590 C03 6-2-10 GEO 110.5° E D
BeiDou IGSO1 36828 C06 7-31-10 IGSO 118° E, 55° incl.
BeiDou G4 37210 C04 10-31-10 GEO 160° E
BeiDou IGSO2 37256 C07 12-17-10 IGSO 118° E, 55° incl.
BeiDou IGSO3 37384 C08 4-9-11 IGSO 118° E, 55° incl.
BeiDou IGSO4 37763 C09 7-26-11 IGSO 95° E, 55° incl.
BeiDou IGSO5 37948 C10 12-1-11 IGSO 95° E, 55° incl.
BeiDou G5 38091 C05 2-24-12 GEO 58.75° E
BeiDou M3 38250 C11 4-29-12 MEO slot 1-7 E
BeiDou M4 38251 C12 4-29-12 MEO slot 1-8 E
BeiDou M5 38774 C13 9-18-12 MEO slot 2-3 E, F
BeiDou M6 38775 C14 9-18-12 MEO slot 2-4 E
BeiDou G6 38953 C02 10-25-12 GEO 80° E China launched a Beidou-2 backup navigation satellite
BeiDou IGS06 41434 C13 3-29-16 IGSO 95° E, 55° incl. G on July 9. (Photo: Xinhua.net)
BeiDou G7 41586 C17 6-12-16 GEO 144.5° E
BeiDou IGS07 43539 C16 7-9-18 IGSO H BEIDOU SATELLITE & SYSTEM INFORMATION
TYPE: BeiDou-3
BeiDou I1-S 40549 C16 3-30-15 IGSO 95° E, 55° incl. I Website:
BeiDou M1-S 40749 C33 7-25-15 MEO slot 1-1 E http://en.beidou.gov.cn/
BeiDou M2-S 40748 C34 7-25-15 MEO slot 1-6 E China fielded a demonstration regional satellite-based
BeiDou I2-S 40938 C18 9-29-15 IGSO 95° E, 55° incl. J
navigation system known as BeiDou (Chinese for the “Big
BeiDou M3-S 41315 C35 2-1-16 MEO slot 2-1 E
BeiDou-3 M1 43001 C19 11-5-17 MEO slot 2-7 E Dipper” asterism and pronounced “bay- dough”) following a
BeiDou-3 M2 43002 C20 11-5-17 MEO slot 2-8 E program of research and development that began in 1980.
BeiDou-3 M7 43107 C27 1-11-18 MEO slot 1-4 The initial constellation of three geostationary Earth orbit (GEO)
BeiDou-3 M8 43108 C28 1-11-18 MEO slot 1-5 satellites was completed in 2003. A fourth GEO satellite was
BeiDou-3 M3 43208 C21 2-12-18 MEO slot 2-5 launched in 2007.
BeiDou-3 M4 43207 C22 2-12-18 MEO slot 2-6 The initial regional BeiDou system (BeiDou-1) has been
BeiDou-3 M9 43245 C29 3-29-18 MEO slot 1-2 replaced by a global system known as BeiDou-2 (or simply
BeiDou-3 M10 43246 C30 3-29-18 MEO slot 1-3 BeiDou and, formerly, Compass). It will eventually include five
BEIDOU NOTES GEO satellites, 27 medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites, and five
Website: http://en.beidou.gov.cn/ E. The MEO satellites are in a 24-satellite three- inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites.
IGSO node longitudes are nominal values. Nodes orbit-plane Walker constellation with orbit BeiDou-2 was declared operational for use in China and
are allowed to drift ±3 degrees or so. planes spaced by 120° with 55° inclination and
surrounding areas on Dec. 27, 2011. FOC for this area was
A. Inactive. orbital period of 12.89 hours.
declared on Dec. 27, 2012. In March 2015, China began
F. Satellite is not currently transmitting standard
B. Initially achieved geostationary orbit at a
signals. launching test satellites for a global version of BeiDou, called
longitude of about 84.5° E, but appears to BeiDou-3 and in November 2017, began launching operational
have become uncontrollable shortly thereafter. G. Satellite switched PRN from C15 to C13 on Oct.
11, 2016. BeiDou-3 satellies. These satellites are transmitting test
Librating about the 75° E libration point.
signals. When completed, BeiDou-3 will consist of five GEO
C. GEO, formerly at 144.5° E, shifted to 140° E H. Commissioning. Drifting to assigned node
longitude. satellites, 27 MEO satellites and three IGSO satellites. The
between about June 30 and July 9, 2011.
I. PRN switched from C31 to C16 on April 24, 2018. system is expected to provide global coverage by 2020.
D. GEO, formerly at 84° E, shifted to 110.5° E
between about Nov. 7 and Nov. 23, 2012. J. PRN switched from C32 to C18 on June 7, 2018.

GNSS INTERNET RESOURCES See more at gpsworld.com/the-almanac/

<< Continued from page 45.
Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) the CSRC, which provides California’s geodetic framework for U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center: www.navcen.uscg.gov
GPS Orbits, Real-Time GNSS Data, Coordinate Information, and scientific, engineering, and geographical information systems. This site offers GPS constellation status, scheduled outage updates,
Data Archive SOPAC operates CRTN for the CSRC, providing NTRIP data streams in user advisories, and almanac data as well as Differential GPS and
California Spatial Reference Center (CRSC): http://sopac-csrc. RTCM3 format from over 600 hundred stations in the western U.S., Coast Guard Local Notice to Mariners information. Contact the NIS
ucsd.edu/ available through a subscription service. The 1 Hz RINEX data are Watchstander, 24 hours a day, at phone (703) 313-5900, or email
California Real Time Network (CRTN): http://sopac.ucsd.edu/ archived at SOPAC. Email [email protected]. [email protected].
crtn.shtml U.S. National Geodetic Survey (NGS) GPS Orbit Information
The Scripps Institution of Oceanography maintains SOPAC, www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS/
providing precise orbits and data archiving services for the NOAA’s National Geodetic Survey (NGS) manages a network of
International GNSS Service. Online applications include SCOUT Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) that provide
(a global ITRF2014 coordinates generator), SECTOR (epoch-date GPS data to support three-dimensional positioning, meteorology,
ITRF2014 and NAD83 coordinates), Online Map Interface (SOMI) space weather and geophysical applications throughout the United
and the GPS Explorer data portal with JPL. SOPAC archives 24-hour States, its territories and a few foreign countries. email ngs.cors@
RINEX data from about 3,000 continuous GNSS stations from more noaa.gov.
than 20 scientific networks around the world. SOPAC maintains

46 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM AUGUST 2018

Continued on page 47 >>
 ORBIT DATA and RESOURCES ON ACTIVE GNSS SATELLITES

GALILEO CONSTELLATION
SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED L-BAND ACTIVE OPERATIONAL SLOT PRN CLOCK NICKNAME NOTES GALILEO NOTES
GIOVE-A 28922 12-28-05 A Websites:
GIOVE-B 32781 4-26-08 B • European GNSS Agency, www.gsa.europa.eu
PFM (GSAT0101) 37846 10-21-11 12-10-11 12-10-11 B5 E11 Rb Thijs • European Space Agency, www.esa.int
FM2 (GSAT0102) 37847 10-21-11 1-9-12 1-16-12 B6 E12 H Natalia
FM3 (GSAT0103) 38857 10-12-12 12-1-12 12-1-12 C4 E19 H David
A. Navigation signals from GIOVE-A were switched off on June
FM4 (GSAT0104) 38858 10-12-12 12-12-12 12-12-12 C5 E20 Rb Sif C 30, 2012, and the satellite decommissioned for ESA use.
FOC-FM1 (0201) 40128 8-22-14 11-29-14 Ext 1 E18 H Doresa D,F
B. Navigation signals from GIOVE-B were switched off on July 23,
FOC-FM2 (0202) 40129 8-22-14 3-17-15 Ext 2 E14 H Milena E,F 2012, and the satellite decommissioned for ESA use.
FOC-FM3 (0203) 40544 3-27-15 5-24-15 12-3-15 B8 E26 H Adam
FOC-FM4 (0204) 40545 3-27-15 5-21-15 12-4-15 B3 E22 Rb Anastasia G C. Payload power problem beginning May 27, 2014.
Subsequently transmitted only an E1 signal. Stopped
FOC-FM5 (0205) 40889 9-11-15 11-9-15 1-28-16 A8 E24 H Alba
transmitting on July 17, 2018.
FOC-FM6 (0206) 40890 9-11-15 11-9-15 1-28-16 A5 E30 H Oriana
FOC-FM7 (0207) 41859 11-17-16 3-2-17 5-29-17 C6 E07 H Antonianna D. Orbit perigree raised by about 3500 kilometers in November
2014.
FOC-FM8 (0208) 41174 12-17-15 2-16-16 4-22-16 C7 E08 H Andriana
FOC-FM9 (0209) 41175 12-17-15 2-18-16 4-22-16 C2 E09 H Liene E. Orbit perigree raised by about 3500 kilometers in January–
FOC-FM10 (0210) 41550 5-24-16 8-17-16 12-1-16 A2 E01 H Danielè February 2015.
FOC-FM11 (0211) 41549 5-24-16 8-20-16 12-1-16 A6 E02 H Alizée F. Satellites launched into wrong orbits. Testing underway.
FOC-FM12 (0212) 41860 11-17-16 4-22-17 8-1-17 C8 E03 H Lisa G. Transmission outage beginning Dec. 12, 2017, due to
FOC-FM13 (0213) 41861 11-17-16 4-22-17 8-9-17 C3 E04 H Kimberley constellation management.
FOC-FM14 (0214) 41862 11-17-16 3-3-17 5-29-17 C1 E05 H Tijmen H. Undergoing commissioning.
FOC-FM15 (0215) 43055 12-12-17 5-1-18 A3 E21 Nicole H
FOC-FM16 (0216) 43056 12-12-17 4-13-18 A7 E25 Zofia H
FOC-FM17 (0217) 43057 12-12-17 5-8-18 A4 E27 Alexandre H
FOC-FM18 (0218) 43058 12-12-17 5-7-18 A1 E31 Irina H
GALILEO INFORMATION
Galileo is a joint initiative of the European
Two out of Commission (EC, ec.europa.eu) and the
four Galileo European Space Agency (ESA, www.esa.
satellites are int).
attached to the The first two full-operational-capability
(FOC) satellites, manufactured by OHB
dispenser pre- Systems GmbH (Bremen, Germany,
launch.(Photo: www.ohb-system.de) and Surrey
ESA) Satellite Technology Ltd. (Guildford,
United Kingdom, www.sstl.co.uk), were
launched on Aug. 22, 2014, into wrong
orbits due to an upper rocket stage
anomaly. Eighteen FOC satellites have
been launched to date.
Galileo Initial Open Service was declared
operational on Dec. 15, 2016.

GNSS INTERNET RESOURCES See more at gpsworld.com/the-almanac/

U.S. Naval Observatory Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), also known as NavIC.
www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/time/gps IRNSS is an independent regional navigation satellite system
The U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO) provides GPS timing data and designed to provide accurate position information service to users
status information. Email [email protected]. in India as well as the region extending up to 1500 kilometers from
its boundary. An interface control document is available.
continuously operating GNSS observatories via a public FTP server
INTERNATIONAL (ftp://ftp.ga.gov.au) or connect to GNSS data streams in real-time Japan: http://qzss.go.jp/en/
International GNSS Service (IGS): www.igs.org via the AUSCORS Ntrip Broadcaster (http://auscors.ga.gov.au). email The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) website provides
The foundation of IGS is a global network of more than 400 [email protected]. technical information on QZSS and other global satellite positioning
permanent, continuously operating, geodetic-quality GPS and GPS/ systems as well as Japanese space policy and related events. View
Czech Republic
GLONASS sites. Ten analysis centers process the data and contribute numerous videos and download informational pamphlets.
http://radio.feld.cvut.cz/RSRDC/doku.php?id=almanacs
products to the analysis center coordinator, who produces The Czech Technical University offers historical constellation status Russia: www.glonass-iac.ru/en/
the official IGS combined orbit and clock products. Timescale, and almanac data for both GPS and GLONASS systems. email pavel. The Information and Analysis Center
ionospheric, and tropospheric products are analogously formed by [email protected], [email protected]. for Positioning, Navigation and Timing
specialized coordinators for each. email [email protected]. (IAC PNT) of the State Space Corporation
Denmark: www.sdfe.dk
Australia: www.ga.gov.au “Roscosmos” publishes official
The Danish Agency for Data supply and Efficiency provides GNSS
Geoscience Australia provides geoscience information, services and information about GLONASS status and
raw carrier-phase data by request. The service is based on the
capability to the Australian government, industry and stakeholders. plans as well as consultation, information
permanent reference station network, operated by the Danish
It is responsible for the development of Australia’s Satellite-Based and scientific-method services to increase
Agency for Data supply and Efficiency (SDFE). Contact the Geodetic
Augmentation System (SBAS). It is the national focal point for GLONASS applications efficiency. It provides current constellations,
Office, SDFE, Rentemestervej 8, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV,
coordination of geodetic information and data, and maintains a Earth maps of the current and daily navigation availabilities, results
Denmark; phone +45 72 54 50 00, email: [email protected].
national network of observatories which forms part of a global of GNSS navigation field monitoring in the Moscow area in a real-time
India: www.isro.gov.in/irnss-programme mode, and other data. email [email protected].
observatory network. Users can download RINEX data from
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) manages the Indian

AUGUST 2018 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM G P S W O R L D 47

 ALMANAC
IRNSS CONSTELLATION SATELLITE-BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEMS
SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED ORBIT NOTES SBAS SATELLITE ORBIT LONGITUDE PRN SIGNALS NOTES
IRNSS-1A 39199 7-1-13 IGSO 55° E A EGNOS Inmarsat-3-F2/AOR-E 15.5° W 120 L1 A
IRNSS-1B 39635 4-4-14 IGSO 55° E Astra 5B 31.5° E 123 L1/L5 B
IRNSS-1C 40269 10-15-14 GEO 83° E Artemis C
IRNSS-1D 40547 3-28-15 IGSO 111.75° E Inmarsat-4-F2 D
SES-5 5° E 136 L1/L5 E
IRNSS-1E 41241 1-20-16 IGSO 111.75° E
GAGAN GSAT-8 55° E 127 L1/L5 F, I
IRNSS-1F 41384 3-10-16 GEO 32.5° E GSAT-10 83° E 128 L1/L5 G, I
IRNSS-1G 41469 4-28-16 GEO 129.5° E GSAT-15 93.5° E 132 L1/L5 H, I
IRNSS-1I 43286 4-11-18 IGSO 55° E B GATBP Inmarsat 4F1/PAC-W 143.5° E 122 L1/L5 J
IRNSS NOTES MSAS MTSAT-1R K
A. Decommissioned. B. Commissioning. MTSAT-2 145° E 129/137 L1 K
NSAS NigComSat-1R 42.5° E 147 L1/L5 L
QZSS QZS-1 135° E 183 L1 M
IRNSS SATELLITE & SYSTEM INFORMATION QZS-2 136° E 184/196 L1/L5 M, N
QZS-3 127° E 189/197 L1/L5 M, N
www.isro.gov.in/irnss-programme QZS-4 136° E 185/200 L1/L5 M, N
According to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), SDCM Luch-5A 167° E° 140 L1 O
the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC), also known Luch-5B 16° W 125 L1 P
as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), Luch-5V 95° E 141 L1 Q
consists of three GEO satellites located at 32.5°E, 83°E, and WAAS Intelsat Galaxy 15 (CRW) 133° W 135 L1/L5 R, T
TeleSat Anik F1R (CRE) 107.3° W 138 L1/L5 S, T
129.5°E as well as two pairs of IGSO satellites with their
Inmarsat-4-F3 (AMR) U
nodes at longitudes of 55°E and 111.75°E with an orbital Eutelsat 117W B 117° W 131 L1/L5 V
inclination of 29°. The satellites SES-15 129° W 133 L1/L5 W
transmit signals at 1176.45 and SBAS NOTES
2492.028 MHz. A. Inmarsat 3-F2 began Safety-of-Life Service on March 2, 2011, and 196. Central longitudes of satellites can vary by ± 5° or
All three rubidium atomic clocks on and is transmitting message type 2. more from nominal value.
IRNSS-1A have failed. A replacement B. Astra 5B was launched on March 22, 2014. On March 20, N. On June 2, 2018, QZS-3 suffered a signal amplifier switch
satellite, IRNSS-1H, was launched 2017, it became an operational satellite and is transmitting failure. During trouble shooting, all test signals from QZS-2,
message type 2. QZS-3 and QZS-4 have been temporally halted since June 4,
on Aug. 31, 2017, but was not
C. Decomissioned for EGNOS use. Satellite sold to Britain’s 2018.
successfully deployed. A further
Avanti Communications. O. Luch-5A was launched on Dec. 11, 2011. Initially positioned
replacement satellite, IRNSS-1I, was at 58.5° E, it was shifted to 95° E between about May 30 and
D. Inmarsat-4-F2 began Safety-of-Life Service on March 22,
launched on April 11, 2018. 2012. It has been retired. June 28, 2012, then shifted to 167° E between about Nov. 30
E. SES-5 (also known as Sirius 5 and Astra 4B) was launched and Dec. 22, 2012. Transmissions as PRN 140 began on July
A replacement satellite on July 9, 2012 and was an operational satellite transmitting 12, 2012. Transmitted occasional, non-coherent code/carrier
test signals.
for NavIC was launched April 11. message type 2. On March 21, 2017, SES-5 became a test
satellite. P. Luch-5B was launched on Nov. 2, 2012, and started
(Photo: ISRO) transmitting test signals on Jan. 17, 2013.
F. GSAT-8 was launched on May 20, 2011.
Q. Luch-5V was launched on April 28, 2014. Testing may have
QZSS G. GSAT-10 was launched on Sept. 28, 2012.
started using PRN 140, not 141.
H. GSAT-15 was launched on Nov. 10, 2015. Its SBAS
transponder is in reserve. Transmits test signals. R. Galaxy 15 ranging supports enroute through precision
http://qzss.go.jp/en/ approach modes. Switched to backup satellite oscillator on
I. GAGAN was certified for enroute navigation and non- Jan. 6, 2012.
The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System is operated by the Japan Aerospace Exploration
precision approaches on Dec. 30, 2013, and for precision
Agency (JAXA). It is a four-satellite regional time-transfer system and satellite-based approaches on April 21, 2015. S. Anik F1R ranging supports enroute through precision
augmentation system that will be receivable within Japan. approach modes.
J. Geoscience Australia Test-Bed Project. Transmitting
message type O; not for safety-of-life use. L1 transmissions T. The Galaxy 15 and and Anik F1R payloads, operated by
The first IGSO satellite, QZS-1 (named Michibiki), was launched Sept. 11, 2010. The second Lockheed Martin for the FAA, are known as LMPRS-1 and
IGSO satellite, QZS-2 also known as Michbiki No. 2, was launched on June 1, 2017, followed began on May 31, 2017.
LMPRS-2, respectively.
by a GEO satellite on Aug. 19, 2017, and an IGSO satellite (QZS-4, or Michibiki No. 4) on K. MSAS commissioned for aviation use on Sept. 27, 2007.
MTSAT-1R has been decommissioned. MTSAT-2 began U. As of July 18, 2015, Inmarsat-4-F3 indefinitely discontinued
Oct. 9, 2017. non-precision approach ranging service. The satellite
transmitting both PRN signals on Dec. 10, 2015.
The constellation of three IGSO satellites and one GEO satellite is expected to be transponder was retired in November 2017.
L. Nigerian Satellite Augmentation System. L1 tests.
operational in 2018. V. Eutelsat 117W B began service on March 28, 2018,
M. QZS-1 (nicknamed Michibiki) transmits an L1 augmentation supporting enroute through precision approach modes.
QZSS transmits six signals compatible with GPS and Galileo signals at the L1, L2, L5 and E6 signal using PRN code 183. That signal is in test mode. QZS-2
W. SES-15 was launched on May 18, 2017, and began
frequencies, including augmentation signals (see SBAS table). transmits L1 and L5 augmentation signals using PRNs 184
transmitting test signals on Dec. 18, 2017.

GNSS CONFERENCES AND ORGANIZATIONS

GPS Innovation Alliance, www.gpsalliance.org It aims to advance the art, science and practice of navigation and European Navigation Conference, enc2019.eu/
The alliance recognizes the ever increasing importance of GPS and promote knowledge in navigation and its associated sciences, Organized annually by the European Group of Institutes of Navigation,
other GNSS technologies to the global economy and infrastructure including positioning, timing, tracking and conduct of a journey, the conference focus is on innovations in positioning, navigation and
and is firmly committed to furthering GPS innovation, creativity and whether on, in, over or under land, sea, air or space. timing technologies and applications at land, sea and air. The 2019
entrepreneurship. The alliance also seeks to protect, promote and Munich Satellite Navigation Summit conference will be held in Warsaw, Poland.
enhance the use of GPS. www.munich-satellite-navigation-summit.org Galileo Service, www.galileo-services.org
Institute of Navigation, www.ion.org This summit of high-ranking worldwide speakers from industry, Galileo Services is a non-profit organization designed to be a
ION is a non-profit professional society dedicated to the advancement science and governments provides the participants with a broad major partner for the Galileo downstream technology and business
of the art and science of positioning, navigation and timing. ION hosts overview and different perspectives on the latest developments in development.
numerous conferences throughout the year, including the annual ION GNSS. The summit is part of the efforts of the Bavarian government European GNSS Agency (GSA), www.gsa.europa.eu
GNSS+ Meeting in September, sponsored by the Satellite Division. and the cluster on aerospace and satellite navigation to stimulate The GSA’s mission is to support European Union objectives and
Royal Institue of Navigation, www.rin.org.uk applications and services in this high-tech field. achieve the highest return on European GNSS investment, in terms of
RIN increases public awareness of the art and science of navigation. benefits to users and economic growth and competitiveness.

48 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM AUGUST 2018