Directorate: Curriculum FET

GEOGRAPHY: GRADE 10
TERM 3 WEEK 5 LESSON 5
TOPIC Population Movement:
The types of population movements; The attitudes to migrants and refugees.
AIMS OF LESSON To understand the different types of population movements and the causes as well as the attitudes to migrants and refugees.
RESOURCES Paper based resources Digital resources
Refer to your textbook: Use the following links:
Read the topic on population movements; Study the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHuGTSkii3g
different kinds of population movements and the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3e08v5GN__s
attitude to migrants and refugees. https://www.geographyrealm.com/mapping-movement-
migrants/ - Interactive map
INTRODUCTION  What are the different types of population movements?
 What causes the different population movements?
 What is the attitude towards migrants and refugees in a country or region?
CONCEPTS AND SKILLS The different types: CAN YOU?
 Temporary and permanent movements; migrant  Define the difference between a migrant and
labourer, economic migrants, political migrants and refugee?
refugees.  Distinguish between temporary and permanent
 Attitudes to migrants and refugees. movements?
 Interpretation of case study to determine attitude to  Can you give reasons why attitudes to migrants in a
migrants and refugees. country is a challenge?

ACTIVITIES/ Complete the attached activities as well as those in your textbook.

ASSESSMENT
CONSOLIDATION  Complete the activities.
 Study the information sheet on population movements of the world and attitudes to migration and refugees.
 This information is important to understand human rights in reference to migrants and refugees around the world.
VALUES It is important that the population movements are discussed to determine positive aspects as well as negative aspects to ensure a
balanced view of population movements.

POPULATION MOVEMENTS
WHAT IS IT? WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE? WHERE IS IT?

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Migration: is the movement of a group of This phenomenon occurs all over the world.
people. It is a dynamic process that never stops.
Permanent movement: is when people move
away and do not return to the place of origin,
therefore forever.
Temporary movement: is for a shorter time
(weeks to about 5 years) before returning to
Imf.org
the place of origin.
An economic migrant is a person that moves
to a country or area where better economic
conditions exist and where they can be
wealthier.
A migrant labourer: is a person who moves
to another country or area for work
opportunities or better work opportunities.
A political migrant is a person who leaves
https://refugeesmigrants.un.org/infographics
his country of origin because they do not
support or agree with the government and
may fear for their lives. https://refugeesmigrants.un.org/infographics
A refugee is a person or group of persons
who flee from their place of origin because
they believe their lives are in danger. They
fear persecution for reasons of race, religion,
nationality or political beliefs.

World Bank, Jun 19, 2019

https://theconversation.com/

WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE?

There are various reasons why people move either temporary or permanently. A person, family or group can decide to move permanently because of
one reason, e.g. better opportunities, or more than one of reason e.g. political and economic reasons.

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 Economic migrants move to another country because they have certain skills which they can exchange for better renumeration or the exchange
rate improve the person’s quality of life.
 Migrant labourer moves to another country or region to get employment and sends most of the money to his family that remain behind in the
place of origin. This move can be temporary or in the case if government’s policy make provision for it, it may be permanent and the family
may relocate.
 Political migrant is a person who feels unsafe in his country and/or do not support the government in his current country. This reason may
cause permanent or temporary migration. Some political migrants cannot return to their country because they are denied permission to return,
may be persecuted (possible imprisonment) or face death. People who are in such a situation are called exiles.
 Refugees (Asylum seekers) are people that flee for their lives from the country of origin. This migration may be permanent or temporary, if
the threat is removed.

WHAT ARE THE KINDS OF POPULATION MOVEMENTS?

Kinds of population movement Explanation and example
ECONOMIC MIGRANT When a person leaves his country of origin to resettle in a new country with better economic
ANENT
PERM

opportunities for him.

E.g. John was born in SA and leaves, to take up a new position at a company in Wellington, will
live permanently in New Zealand.

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REFUGEES When a person or group of persons are threatened by persecution in their own country and leave
to another country.
E.g. Runako leaves Zimbabwe, because the government wants to put him in jail, and settles in
Cape Town, South Africa.
LABOUR MIGRATION A large group of people move from one area to another area in a country for work.
E.g. Lumka moves from the Eastern Cape to Gauteng. A couple of months later her friends
follow her as they hear of all the wonderful opportunities in Gauteng
TEMPORARY

POLITICAL MIGRATION The movement of people from a country when they feel they are in danger because they do not
support the government of that country.
E.g. Tonderai moved from Zimbabwe to South Africa because of his political beliefs.
REFUGEES People move either temporarily or permanent when the belief they are in danger because of their
race, religion or political beliefs. E. g. Asad and his family feared for their lives and fled from
Somalia to South Africa.

ATTITUDES TO MIGRANTS
The country that receive the migrants is called the host country. There are many different attitudes towards migrants and in most host countries there
are a mixture of positive and negative attitudes.
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
 Immigrants make an important contribution to the host country’s  Immigrants take away opportunities which the citizens of
economy the country feel they are entitled to as citizens.
 If a country accepts immigrants the population will increase.  Immigrants take away employment when there is a short
supply in an area/country.
A GIS map of the world  When the traditions and practices of migrants are different
from the host country it may cause tension with local
people.
 More people competing for jobs may cause people to
become angry and may cause unrest or fighting.
 Xenophobia can occur when if the fear or hatred of
foreigners in the host country leads to violence when the
local people attack the immigrants/migrants or their homes
and businesses.
 The increasing demand for services could cause the local
people to get angry if the services are limited and
immigrants continue to put pressure on the services.

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 If welfare services have to be delivered to all immigrants it

may put pressure on the host country.
 If the welfare services are reduced for immigrants it will
impact negatively on their human rights.
 It could lead to more pressure on the host country’s
resource. if the government of the host country provides
food, water electricity and houses to the immigrants.

Consolidation Activity Grade 10 Term 3 Week 5

Study the two case studies below before answering the questions that follow.
Case study A Case Study B

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5.1 Explain the difference between a foreigner and a refugee

5.2 Read case study A. What type of migrant is the Zimbabwean truck driver?
5.3 Is the attitude described in the article towards the Zimbabwean truck driver positive or negative?
5.4 Give a reason for your answer in Question 5.3
5.5 What was the reasons for the attack on Zimbabwean truck driver in Gauteng?
5.6 If a person from the Eastern Cape comes to work on the fruit farms of the Western Cape during the harvest season, will
he be treated the same way as the Zimbabwean truck driver? Give possible reasons for your answer.
5.7 What is the correct term for the people from the Eastern Cape that work every year during the harvest season on the fruit
farms in the Western Cape?
5.8 How do these workers (Zimbabwean truck driver and Eastern Cape farm workers) help the host country or host area?
5.9 “South Africa had 18 104 asylum applicants in 2018.” Distinguish between an asylum seeker and an exile.
5.10 In case study B “The refugees in Cape Town are protesting increased xenophobia” Explain the term xenophobia.
5.11 Refer to case study B and indicate the challenges that these refugees are facing.
5.12 During the COVID-19 period the Government denied the refugees the R350.00 grant and food parcels ( accrding to
www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-06-19). Is this practice acceptable?
In a paragraph of not more than 8 lines discuss the reasons for your answer.
Compiled by: Mike Eksteen
Acknowledgements: Wilma McPherson