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    Week 1 - Three Phase Systems

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    Rizanda Leihitu
    The document provides an overview of three-phase power systems. It discusses the key properties of three-phase systems including that the phases are 120 degrees out of phase. It covers the two main connection types, wye and delta, and how they differ in terms of phase and line voltages and currents. It also addresses the advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase systems and provides examples for calculating power in three-phase circuits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Week 1 - Three Phase Systems

    Uploaded by

    Rizanda Leihitu
    13 views18 pages
    The document provides an overview of three-phase power systems. It discusses the key properties of three-phase systems including that the phases are 120 degrees out of phase. It covers the two main connection types, wye and delta, and how they differ in terms of phase and line voltages and currents. It also addresses the advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase systems and provides examples for calculating power in three-phase circuits.

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    The document provides an overview of three-phase power systems. It discusses the key properties of three-phase systems including that the phases are 120 degrees out of phase. It covers the two main connection types, wye and delta, and how they differ in terms of phase and line voltages and currents. It also addresses the advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase systems and provides examples for calculating power in three-phase circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views18 pages

    Week 1 - Three Phase Systems

    Uploaded by

    Rizanda Leihitu
    The document provides an overview of three-phase power systems. It discusses the key properties of three-phase systems including that the phases are 120 degrees out of phase. It covers the two main connection types, wye and delta, and how they differ in terms of phase and line voltages and currents. It also addresses the advantages of three-phase systems over single-phase systems and provides examples for calculating power in three-phase circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    ELEC4612 – Power System Analysis

    Three Phase Systems


    Properties of 3-phase Systems

    • Three-phase systems have either three or four


    conductors.
    • There are three-phase conductors identified as A, B,
    and C.
    • There is sometimes a fourth conductor, which is the
    neutral.
    • The three phases are 120 degrees out of phase with
    each other (360 divided by 3).

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    Balanced 3-phase systems

    1. All 3 sources are represented by a set of balanced 3-


    phase variables
    2. All loads are 3-phase with equal impedances
    3. Line impedances are equal in all 3 phases

    𝑉
    𝑉

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    Advantages of 3-phase

    • The rating of 3-phase machines are 150% greater than


    1-phase machines of similar frame size.
    • A 3-phase system needs three conductors; however,
    each conductor is only 75% the size of the equivalent
    kVA rated 1-phase conductors.

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    1-phase Vs 3-phase Power

    The power delivered by


    a 1-phase system
    pulsates and falls to
    zero. The 3-phase power
    never falls to zero and
    approximately remains
    the same at any instant.

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    Wye/Star – Connection (Y)

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    Delta - Connection ()

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    Line & Phase Values

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    Y Vs 

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    Challenge Yourself !

    1. Identify – Y or ?

    2. The currents in the lines of a three-phase four-wire


    system are:
    A phase: 8 A at unity power factor
    B phase: 10 0 A
    C phase: 10 180 A
    What is the neutral current?

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    -Y Transformation

    𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍 𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍
    𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍 𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍
    𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍 𝑍 𝑍
    𝑍

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    What if all impedances are equal?

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    3-phase Power
    a ia
    +
    balanced ib vab balanced
    b _
    3 + 3
    source ic v bc load
    c _

    Total instantaneous power absorbed into load =


    instantaneous power in each phase
    p3  t   van  t  ia  t   vbn  t  ib  t   vcn  t  ic  t 
    Under balanced conditions the average power,

    Total average power,


    ∅

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    Summary

    • The voltages of a three-phase system are 120° out of


    phase with each other.
    • The two types of three-phase connections are wye and
    delta.
    • In a wye connection, the phase voltage is less than the
    line voltage by a factor of 1.732 (3). The phase current
    and the line current are the same.
    • In a delta connection, the phase voltage is the same as
    the line voltage. The phase current is less than the line
    current by a factor of 1.732 (3).

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    Example 1.1

    Assume a -connected load is supplied from a 3


    13.8 kV (L-L) source with Z = 10020 Calculate the
    power consumed.

    © 2012 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.


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    Example 1.2

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    Example 1.3

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    Example 1.4

    A 3-phase line has an impedance of 2+j4  as shown in the figure. The line
    feeds two balanced loads that are connected in parallel. The first load is Y-
    connected and has an impedance of 30+j40  per phase. The second load is
    -connected and has an impedance of 60-j45 . The line is energised at the
    sending end from a 3-phase balanced supply of line voltage 207.85 V. Taking
    phase voltage Va as reference, determine:
    (a) The current, real power and reactive power drawn from the supply.
    (b) The line voltage at the combined loads.
    (c) The current per phase in each load.
    (d) The total real and reactive powers in each load and the line.

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