The document discusses various methods of fabric construction and manufacturing processes for different textile fibers. It describes weaving as a key fabric construction method that involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. It also outlines the manufacturing process for cotton which involves ginning, baling, carding, combing, drawing, spinning, and dyeing. For rayon, the process involves purifying cellulose, treating it with chemicals to form a liquid, spinning it through spinnerets to form filaments, delustering, and dyeing or weaving. Acetate manufacturing similarly involves purifying and treating cellulose but with acetic acid and anhydride instead of chemicals used for rayon.
The document discusses various methods of fabric construction and manufacturing processes for different textile fibers. It describes weaving as a key fabric construction method that involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. It also outlines the manufacturing process for cotton which involves ginning, baling, carding, combing, drawing, spinning, and dyeing. For rayon, the process involves purifying cellulose, treating it with chemicals to form a liquid, spinning it through spinnerets to form filaments, delustering, and dyeing or weaving. Acetate manufacturing similarly involves purifying and treating cellulose but with acetic acid and anhydride instead of chemicals used for rayon.
The document discusses various methods of fabric construction and manufacturing processes for different textile fibers. It describes weaving as a key fabric construction method that involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. It also outlines the manufacturing process for cotton which involves ginning, baling, carding, combing, drawing, spinning, and dyeing. For rayon, the process involves purifying cellulose, treating it with chemicals to form a liquid, spinning it through spinnerets to form filaments, delustering, and dyeing or weaving. Acetate manufacturing similarly involves purifying and treating cellulose but with acetic acid and anhydride instead of chemicals used for rayon.
The document discusses various methods of fabric construction and manufacturing processes for different textile fibers. It describes weaving as a key fabric construction method that involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles. It also outlines the manufacturing process for cotton which involves ginning, baling, carding, combing, drawing, spinning, and dyeing. For rayon, the process involves purifying cellulose, treating it with chemicals to form a liquid, spinning it through spinnerets to form filaments, delustering, and dyeing or weaving. Acetate manufacturing similarly involves purifying and treating cellulose but with acetic acid and anhydride instead of chemicals used for rayon.
JSS 3 MRS CHISOM PRODUCTION/MANUFACTURING OF TEXTILES PRODUCTION/MANUFACTURING OF TEXTILES Fabric Construction Methods Fabric construction is the process of twisting fibres into yarns into fabrics or textiles. Fibres - Yarns - Fabric Fabric construction methods include: 1. Weaving: This is the process of constructing fabrics by interlacing two sets of yarns (the warp and the weft yarns) at right angles to produce a woven fabric. Woven fabrics are strong. Weaving is done on looms. The two set of yarns that form the woven fabric are: (i) Warp: the yarn or thread that runs length-wise in the woven fabric. (ii) Filling or weft: is the yarn or thread that runs cross-wise in a woven Loom Basic Weaves There are certain basic methods of weaving by which many variations can be obtained. (i) Plain weaves: in plain weave, the weft and warp yarns pass over and under each other regularly and at right angles. MANUFACTURE OF NATURAL FABRICS Manufacturing Process of Cotton Fibres Cotton fabrics are processed from the bolls by the following steps: (i) Ginning: This is the process of separating or removing cotton fibres from the seeds. The hairs left on the seeds after ginning are called (ii) Baling: The ginned cotton is pressed into bales. The bales are sent to factory or mill. (iii) Bale breaking: The tightly pressed cotton fibres from the bales are loosened inside a machine for the impurities to fall out. iv) Cleaning: The impurities in the cotton are removed in the mill. (v) Carding: At this stage, many shorter fibres are removed. The longer ones are formed into thick ropes. The ropes are called (vi) Combing: This is the process of removing more short fibres. (vii) Drawing: This is the process of twisting the ropes and making them ready for spinning. (viii) Spinning: This is the process of making the twisted into yarn or (ix) Dyeing: The yarn can be bleached or dyed into different colours and woven into PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC FABRICS Manufacturing Process of Rayon Viscose rayon is obtained from the cellulose of wood pulp or cotton linter. The steps involved are as follows: (i) Purification: The cellulose (wood pulp or cotton linters) is first purified. (ii) Acid treatment: The cellulose is then treated with the right chemicals. E.g. caustic soda and carbon-disulphide to form a thick thread-like liquid. (iii) Spinning: The liquid is then forced through a nozzle containing many fine holes called the rayon filament or fibres are produced. (iv) Delustering: This is the process of adding a white pigment powder into the spinning solution so that the filament will not have metallic luster. (v) Dyeing: This may be carried out after the yarn is spun or the dye can be added to the spinning solution. (vi) Weaving: The spun yarn is woven into a fabric in the process called weaving. Spinneret with filaments Manufacturing Procedure of Acetate (i) The cellulose is purified. (ii) It is treated with acetic acid and acetic anhydride, then with water
ASSIGNMENT Enumerate the manufacturing process of different fabrics.
