Aerial & OPGW (NT)
Aerial & OPGW (NT)
Aerial & OPGW (NT)
Pty Ltd
Power Grid Cables NT (PGCNT) is an independent Australian Owned and Operated company. We
are focused on the supply of Aluminum and Copper Power Cables (LV, MV and HV), Aerial Cables
(ABC LV and HV, AAC, AAAC, ACSR/GZ, ACSR/AC and etc.) and Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW)
to a significant client base in Australia and in some Pacific Rim countries. We also supply cables
for use in industrial/mining sectors. This includes Power, Control, Instrumentation and Optical
Fibre cables, manufactured to project requirements.
PGCNT has over 80 years collective experience in the supply of electrical transmission and
distribution cables. Effectively, we source high quality products and deliver on time to our clients
at a competitive price. All of our products are made to AS/NZS, in ISO9001 approved factories
and tested in NATA approved facilities. Our quality management system supervises the process
from raw materials to shipment and delivery.
Our products, where applicable, are approved by State Power Authorities, namely Endeavour
Energy (NSW), Essential Energy (NSW), Ausgrid (NSW), Power and Water Corporation (NT), Ergon
Energy (Qld), Energex (Qld), Powerlink (Qld), TasNetworks (TAS), SAPN (SA) and by over 50
customers involved in electric transmission and distribution and project management throughout
Australia and the Asia Pacific. Our customers construct for firms such as Rio Tinto, MIM, Xstrata,
BHP, Alcan, Bechtel, John Holland, Thiess, Ranger Uranium, ADF, Worley Parson, Fluor, Tenix,
Macquarie Generation, Hunter Valley Coal, Collex, Leightons, Daracon, Powerlink, Ulan Coal and
Santos.
We also have available qualified engineers who can assist our clients and offer suggestions to
obtain economic and cost effective solutions. Through our network of suppliers, we have the
ability to source specialised products to meet your project requirements.
Mark Rukin
Managing Director
Given that tree growth is a significant problem for overhead power lines. Aerial bundled cables
will not arc over if touched by tree branches. Although persistent rubbing is still a problem, tree-
trimming costs can be reduced.
OPGW
Optical Ground Wire (OPGW) is a type of cable manufactured from steel and aluminium strands
which encompass a tubular structure containing optic fibre cables. The OPGW cable is run
between the tops of high-voltage electricity pylons. The conductive part of the cable serves to
bond adjacent towers to earth ground, and shields the high voltage conductors from lightning
strikes.
The optic fibres within the cable are generally single mode optic fibres with low transmission loss.
These can be utilised for communication networks between cities, and for carrying data. The
number of optic fibres within the cable is varied according to project requirements.
Aerial
- ABC + AAAC (Aerial Bundled Cable + All Aluminium Alloy Conductor) 6.35/11 (12)kV , 12.7/22 (24)kV 12
OPGW 24
Current rating
Nominal
Calculated Max. for typical Approx.
conductor Min. Nominal Insulated Approx. Min.
min. conductor installation weight
cross No. of insulation core overall bending Part No.
breaking resistance condition
sectional wires thickness diameter diameter radius
load at 20°C (conductor
area
temp. 80°C)
mm2 mm mm mm kN Ω/km A mm kg/km
2 core
2x16 6 1.3 7.5 15.0 4.4 1.91 78 95 140 PGABC16A2C
2x25 6 1.3 8.8 17.6 7.0 1.20 105 110 210 PGABC25A2C
2x35 6 1.3 9.8 19.6 9.8 0.868 125 125 270 PGABC35A2C
2x50 6 1.5 11.4 22.8 14.0 0.641 150 145 370 PGABC50A2C
2x95 15 1.7 15.3 30.6 26.6 0.320 230 285 680 PGABC95A2C
3 core
3x25 6 1.3 8.8 19.0 10.5 1.20 97 120 310 PGABC25A3C
3x35 6 1.3 9.8 21.1 14.7 0.868 120 135 410 PGABC35A3C
3x50 6 1.5 11.4 24.6 21.0 0.641 140 155 550 PGABC50A3C
4 core
4x16 6 1.3 7.5 18.1 8.8 1.91 74 115 290 PGABC16A4C
4x25 6 1.3 8.8 21.2 14.0 1.20 97 135 410 PGABC25A4C
4x35 6 1.3 9.8 23.7 19.6 0.868 120 150 550 PGABC35A4C
4x50 6 1.5 11.4 27.5 28.0 0.641 140 160 740 PGABC50A4C
4x70 12 1.5 13.2 31.9 39.2 0.443 175 285 1000 PGABC70A4C
4x95 15 1.7 15.3 36.9 53.2 0.320 215 345 1370 PGABC95A4C
4x120 15 1.7 16.8 40.6 67.2 0.253 250 380 1690 PGABC120A4C
4x150 15 1.7 18.2 43.9 84.0 0.206 280 410 2020 PGABC150A4C
6.35/11 (12) kV
No. &
Nominal diameter Approx.
Nominal Nominal Max.
conductor Min. Nominal of messenger Approx. Approx. weight
XLPE semi-conductive conductor
cross No. of conductor (AAAC 1120) messenger overall Part No.
insulation HDPE layer resistance
sectional wires diameter ° in diameter diameter
thickness thickness at 20 C
area right-hand (Z)
direction lay
2
mm mm mm mm Ω/km No./mm mm mm kg/km
3x35 6 7.0 3.4 1.2 0.868 7/5.0 14.3 52.2 1470 PGABC35AC3C11
3x50 6 8.1 3.4 1.2 0.641 7/5.0 14.3 53.5 1580 PGABC50AC3C11
3x70 12 9.7 3.4 1.2 0.443 7/5.0 14.3 56.7 1850 PGABC70AC3C11
3x95 15 11.5 3.4 1.2 0.320 7/5.0 14.3 60.2 2180 PGABC95AC3C11
3x120 18 12.9 3.4 1.2 0.253 19/3.65 17.3 66.2 2640 PGABC120AC3C11
3x150 18 14.3 3.4 1.2 0.206 19/3.65 17.3 69.0 2960 PGABC150AC3C11
3x185 30 16.1 3.4 1.2 0.164 19/3.65 17.3 72.4 3380 PGABC185AC3C11
12.7/22 (24) kV
No. &
Nominal diameter Approx.
Nominal Nominal Max.
conductor Min. Nominal of messenger Approx. Approx. weight
XLPE semi-conductive conductor
cross No. of conductor (AAAC 1120) messenger overall Part No.
insulation HDPE layer resistance
sectional wires diameter ° in diameter diameter
thickness thickness at 20 C
area right-hand (Z)
direction lay
mm2 mm mm mm Ω/km No./mm mm mm kg/km
3x35 6 7.0 5.5 1.2 0.868 7/5.0 14.3 60.6 1890 PGABC35AC3C22
3x50 6 8.1 5.5 1.2 0.641 7/5.0 14.3 61.9 2000 PGABC50AC3C22
3x70 12 9.7 5.5 1.2 0.443 7/5.0 14.3 65.1 2300 PGABC70AC3C22
3x95 15 11.5 5.5 1.2 0.320 7/5.0 14.3 68.6 2670 PGABC95AC3C22
3x120 18 12.9 5.5 1.2 0.253 19/3.65 17.3 74.6 3160 PGABC120AC3C22
3x150 18 14.3 5.5 1.2 0.206 19/3.65 17.3 77.4 3500 PGABC150AC3C22
3x185 30 16.1 5.5 1.2 0.164 19/3.65 17.3 80.8 3950 PGABC185AC3C22
Modulus of elasticity:
Aluminium1350: 68 GPa
Zinc-coated steel (GZ): 193 GPa
Modulus of elasticity:
Aluminium1350: 68 GPa
Aluminium-clad steel (AC): 162 GPa
Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW) is a revolutionary solution that enables synergies between
efficient power distribution grids and high speed optical fibre-based networks, giving power utility
companies the unique capabilities of a telecom carrier or service provider.
OPGW replaces a conventional ground wire (or earth wire) to protect the transmission system from
lightning strikes and serves as a conductive medium for carrying fault currents to ground. It also
acts as a medium for real-time monitoring and security of the transmission system over which it is
installed doubling up for controls and networks.
The OPGW cable is run between the tops of high-voltage electricity pylons. The conductive part of
the cable serves to bond adjacent towers to earth ground, and shields the high voltage conductors
from lightning strikes. The optical fibres within the cable can be used for high speed transmission of
data, either for the electrical utility's own purposes of protection and control of the transmission
line, for the utility's own voice and data communication, or may be leased or sold to third parties to
serve as a high-speed fibre interconnection between cities.
OPGW as a communication medium has unique advantages over buried optical fibre cable wherein
installation cost per kilometre is lower than a buried cable. Effectively, the optical circuits are
protected from accidental contact by the high voltage cables below (and by the elevation of the
OPGW from ground).
A communications circuit carried by an overhead OPGW cable benefits from the lower likelihood of
accidental damage due to excavation work, for example road expansion or by any kind of repairing
work of underground drainage system or water supply system.
The fibres shall be marked by a coloured coating with 12 different colours according to EIA/TIA 598:
Fibre #1: Blue Fibre #7: Red
Fibre #2: Orange Fibre #8: Black (natural with being marked )
Fibre #3: Green Fibre #9: Yellow
Fibre #4: Brown Fibre #10: Violet
Fibre #5: Slate (Grey) Fibre #11: Rose (Pink)
Fibre #6: White Fibre #12: Aqua (Light Blue)
The fibres shall be marked by a coloured coating with 12 different colours according to EIA/TIA 598:
Fibre #1: Blue Fibre #7: Red
Fibre #2: Orange Fibre #8: Black (natural with being marked )
Fibre #3: Green Fibre #9: Yellow
Fibre #4: Brown Fibre #10: Violet
Fibre #5: Slate (Grey) Fibre #11: Rose (Pink)
Fibre #6: White Fibre #12: Aqua (Light Blue)
The fibres shall be marked by a coloured coating with 12 different colours according to EIA/TIA 598:
Fibre #1: Blue Fibre #7: Red
Fibre #2: Orange Fibre #8: Black (natural with being marked )
Fibre #3: Green Fibre #9: Yellow
Fibre #4: Brown Fibre #10: Violet
Fibre #5: Slate (Grey) Fibre #11: Rose (Pink)
Fibre #6: White Fibre #12: Aqua (Light Blue)
Aluminium Tube
Thermal Barrier
The design above are only some samples of the option from PGCNT.
PGCNT can provide any types of OPGW with any types of fibre such as Single Mode
G.652, G.652D, G.655C, Multi-mode G.651 and etc, by client's requirement.
The design above are only some samples of the option from PGCNT.
PGCNT can provide any types of OPGW with any types of fibre such as Single Mode
G.652, G.652D, G.655C, Multi-mode G.651 and etc, by client's requirement.
WWW.PGCABLES.NET.AU 31 Ph: +61 2 4587 7172
OPGW
Stainless Steel Tube With Loose Fibre Protection
core mm
2 mm kg/km kN Ω/km kA2.Sec
Single Armour Layer structure
24 42.41 9 309.5 55.2 2.027 8.4 D.O.A.
24 42.41 9 280.7 43.5 1.527 10.6 D.O.A.
24 42.41 9 226.8 27.4 1.03 14.2 D.O.A.
24 48.25 9.6 348 62.8 1.782 10.9 D.O.A.
24 48.25 9.6 253.9 31.2 0.906 18.4 D.O.A.
36 57.73 10.5 410.4 75.1 1.49 15.6 D.O.A.
36 57.73 10.5 371.2 59.2 1.122 19.6 D.O.A.
36 57.73 10.5 297.9 37.3 0.757 26.3 D.O.A.
48 61.07 10.8 432.5 79.5 1.408 17.5 D.O.A.
48 61.07 10.8 313.4 39.5 0.716 29.5 D.O.A.
48 68.05 11.4 478.4 88.6 1.264 21.7 D.O.A.
48 68.05 11.4 345.7 44 0.642 36.6 D.O.A.
Double Armour Layer structure
24 127.24 15 538.8 80.2 0.33 129.6 D.O.A.
24 144.76 16 608.9 91.3 0.288 167.7 D.O.A.
36 163.43 17 683.5 103 0.255 213.7 D.O.A.
48 183.22 18 762.6 115.5 0.228 268.7 D.O.A.
24 88.76 12.6 604.9 118 0.972 36.9 D.O.A.
48 92.68 13.2 518.7 76.9 0.546 61.4 D.O.A.
72 87.77 13.2 506.3 70.4 0.564 56 D.O.A.
24 110.28 14 589.9 91.7 0.459 86.9 D.O.A.
48 105.37 14 577.6 85.1 0.472 80.4 D.O.A.
72 100.46 14 565.2 78.6 0.485 74.2 D.O.A.
36 128.21 15.2 864.9 170.5 0.673 76.9 D.O.A.
72 121.14 15.2 838.3 161.1 0.712 68.7 D.O.A.
108 114.07 15.2 811.7 151.7 0.756 60.9 D.O.A.
72 121.14 15.2 672.9 103.1 0.425 103.6 D.O.A.
108 114.07 15.2 646.3 93.7 0.44 93.5 D.O.A.
108 114.07 15.2 589.3 73.7 0.384 102.7 D.O.A.
36 128.21 15.2 535.2 82.7 0.327 131.2 D.O.A.
72 121.14 15.2 508.6 73.3 0.336 119.2 D.O.A.
48 145.28 16.1 977.4 193.2 0.594 98.7 D.O.A.
48 145.28 16.1 694.1 93.8 0.302 166.6 D.O.A.
96 137.23 16.1 944.4 182.5 0.629 88.1 D.O.A.
96 137.23 16.1 676.8 88.7 0.32 148.7 D.O.A.
60 183.22 18 870.1 118.4 0.239 265.1 D.O.A.
60 183.22 18 633.5 75.5 0.197 292.9 D.O.A.
The design above are only some samples of the option from PGCNT.
PGCNT can provide any types of OPGW with any types of fibre such as Single Mode
G.652, G.652D, G.655C, Multi-mode G.651 and etc, by client's requirement.
WWW.PGCABLES.NET.AU 33 Ph: +61 2 4587 7172
GENERAL INFORMATION
Properties of Materials
Aluminium Galvanized Aluminium-clad
unit Aluminium Copper
alloy 1120 steel steel
Density at 20˚C
kg/m3 2700 2700 8890 7800 6590
Conductivity at 20˚C
%IACS 61 59 97 10.1 20.3
Resistivity at 20˚C
µΩ.m 0.0283 0.0293 0.01777 0.17 0.085
Constant-mass temperature coefficient of resistance
per ˚C 0.00403 0.00390 0.00381 0.0044 0.0036
Ultimate tensile stress
MPa 160-185 230-250 405-460 1310-1390 1270-1340
Modulus of elasticity
GPa 68 68 124 193 162
Coefficient of linear expansion
-6
per ˚C 23.0x10 23.0x10-6 17x10-6 11.5x10-6 12.9x10-6
Aluminium 1350
High purity electrical conductor (EC) grade aluminium (alloy 1350) has a conductivity of 61% IACS and UTS of
160–185MPa.
Aluminium alloy 1120 has a conductivity of 59% IACS and UTS of 240–250MPa. This alloy can be considered a
‘high tech’ version of EC grade aluminium and offers significant advantages over older type alloys, such as
alloy 6201. Steel-reinforced aluminium alloy 1120 conductors have a high strength to weight ratio, resulting
in small sags on long span lengths. Fittings for alloy 1120 conductors are similar to those used for EC grade
aluminium conductors. Compared with alloy 1120, alloy 6201 conductors have poor electrical performance,
are less resistant to corrosion, more susceptible to fatigue failure, more expensive and require the use of
special fittings.
Galvanised steel
Galvanised steel wire made from fully-killed steel with a carbon content of 0.6% has UTS of 1.31–1.39GPa. It
is galvanised by either a hot dip or electrolytic process to give a zinc coating mass of 200–260g/m2.
Aluminium-clad steel has an aluminium cladding with a radial thickness not less than 5% of the overall wire
diameter. It has a conductivity of 20.3% IACS and UTS of 1.27–1.34GPa. Conductors incorporating aluminium-
clad steel for reinforcement have lower electrical resistance and provide better protection against corrosion
than those using galvanised steel.
Construction
The wires in all bare conductors are stranded concentrically with successive layers having an opposite
direction of lay, the outermost layer being right-handed. When required, a larger central wire (king-wire) is
included in a conductor. The diameter of this wire is based on conductor design considerations and is usually
5% greater than the surrounding wires. The incorporation of a king wire is often an advantage for ACSR type
conductors, as it ensures that the surrounding layer of wires fits firmly on the central wire. ACSR conductors
may be subjected to corrosive conditions such as high pollution found in industrial areas or salt spray in
coastal areas. The application of high melting point grease over the steel wires provides additional protection
against corrosion. Conductors incorporating aluminium-clad steel are more corrosion-resistant than those
incorporating galvanised steel. Aluminium alloy 1120 conductors are becoming more popular as
replacements for steel-reinforced conductors in areas of high corrosion risk. The exposed surface of
aluminium wires can be specially treated to provide a dull finish when conductors are required to blend into
the environment. Aluminium alloy 1120 conductors may be identified by means of a blue thread
incorporated within the conductor.
Conductor
All four conductors are manufactured from high conductivity high purity aluminium alloy 1350 and are
stranded circular compacted. Based on extensive development testing and production research, the surface
of the conductor is specially treated to improve adhesion of the insulation to the conductor. This is
important because the installed cable tension is completely provided by this ‘adhesion’ or ‘friction’ between
the conductor and the insulation.
Insulation
The insulation consists of X-90UV, a cross-linked polyethylene with a minimum of 2% carbon black to provide
adequate protection from ultra violet radiation. This material is far superior to PVC, in its ability to withstand
higher operating temperatures, is more robust during installation, and has much better (higher) insulation
resistance values. For improved characteristics in fire or overload situations, X-FP-90 insulation is available.
For this application, PGCNT uses a highly filled XLPE with greater levels of carbon black and other fillers. Both
insulation types are tested at 80°C with a special adhesion test that simulates the conditions prevailing under
The cores
Each phase core is marked with numerals 1, 2 or 3 and with one rib, two ribs or three ribs to denote the
three phases. The neutral core carries equally spaced ribs right round the circumference. These ribs facilitate
identification of the phases and the neutral even when numerals cannot be properly seen due to bad light.
To expedite ascertaining the approximate length of cable left on the drum, sequential six-digit numerals are
marked on one active core at one metre intervals. Drum lengths start at any number with the lowest number
near the end at the drum barrel. The cores are laid up in a bundle with a left hand lay. Rating of LV-ABC is
based on a conductor operating temperature of 80°C.
Metallic Screened (MS HV ABC) and Non Metallic Screened (NMS HV ABC).
Metallic Screened High Voltage Aerial Bundled Cable conforming to AS/NZS 3599.1 incorporates a metallic
screen of copper wires and a galvanised steel messenger. Non-Metallic Screened High Voltage Aerial Bundled
Cable conforming to AS/NZS 3599.2 is provided only with a semi-conductive screen and the fault currents are
carried by the high conductivity Aluminium Alloy (1120) catenary. NMS HV-ABC is smaller, lighter and less
expensive than MS HV ABC.
Conductors
Phase conductors are stranded circular compacted aluminium alloy 1350 to H68 condition. The standard
catenary is manufactured from galvanised stranded high tensile steel. For corrosive environments catenaries
of aluminium clad steel are available.
Semiconductive conductor screen, XLPE insulation and semiconductive insulation screen are triple extruded.
The insulation screen is hand strippable without preheating and complies with strip ability and adhesion
tests given in AS/NZS 3599.1. Figures and words “1 ONE,” “2 TWO” and “3 THREE” are printed on the insula-
tion screen to identify the three phase cores. Alternative identification means are available on request. A wa-
ter swellable textile tape is applied over the insulation screen to prevent longitudinal ingress of moisture in
the event of damage to the outer sheath.
Metallic Screen
The metallic screen comprises a layer of helically applied copper wires. For short circuit protection, two types
Sheath
High density polyethylene (HDPE) is used as the standard outer sheath of each phase core. In addition to the
identification on the cores, the sheaths of each phase cable are marked with phase numbers matching those
of the cores. Furthermore, identification of the bundled cable comprises embossing of the words “PGCNT”
the year of manufacture, and the voltage on the sheath or the use of printed tapes inserted throughout the
length under the sheath of a phase cable.
Ө : Temperature (˚C)
- AC Resistance
RACӨ = RDC Ө (1+Yp+ Ys) (1+λ1 + λ2) (Ω/km)
Yp : Proximity effect
Ys : Skin effect
λ1 : Sheath loss
λ2 : Armour loss
- Inductance
L = K + 0.2Ln (2S/d) (mH/km)
S : Axial cable spacing (S=1.26xphase spacing for flat and single core cables) (mm)
K 1 3 7 19 37 61 & over
Strands 0 0.078 0.0642 0.0554 0.0528 0.0514
- Capacitance
(µF/km)
ω = 2πf
L : Inductance (mH/km)
- Impedance
(Ω/km)
X = Reactance (Ω/km)
-Short-circuit current
(A)
(kV/mm) On Conductor
(kV/mm) On Insulation
U0 : Voltage (kV)
ω = 2πf
C : Capacitance (µF/km)
U0 : Voltage (kV)
-Dielectric loss
P = CωU02 tan δ (watt/km)
ω = 2πf
C : Capacitance (µF/km)
U0 : Voltage (kV)
tan δ = 0.001
-Sheath loss
(watt/km) Eddy current losses
Xm = ω0.2Ln(2S/dm)10-3
ω = 2πf
Rs : Sheath Resistance (Ω/km)
S : Axial spacing (mm)
I : Current (A)
-Insulation Resistance
(MΩ.km)
T = Traverse (mm)
Queensland Office:
Phone/Fax: +61 7 55748627
Mobile: 0400 741104
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]