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Hkkjrh; ekud IS 15809 : 2017

Indian Standard

mPp n`';rk osQ psrkouh oL=k —

fof'kf"V
( igyk iqujh{k.k )

High Visibility Warning Clothes —

Specification
( First Revision )

ICS 13.340.10

© BIS 2017

Hkkjrh; ekud C;wjks

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
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MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
www.bis.org.in www.standardsbis.in

December 2017 Price Group 6

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Occupational Safety and Health Sectional Committee, CHD 8

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Occupational Safety and Health Sectional Committee, had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
High visibility warning cloth is one of the personnel protective equipment worn as a means to provide visual signal
of the wearer’s presence and intended to provide conspicuity of the wearer under any light conditions by day and
under illumination by vehicle headlights in the dark. Conspicuity is enhanced by increasing the contrast between
the clothing and its ambient background or surroundings.
This standard was first published in 2008. This standard was developed indigenously by taking considerable assistance
from EN 471 : 1994 ‘High visibility warning clothing’.
In this revision, test method for testing performance when cleaning and finishing using tetrachloroethene is
incorporated with considerable assistance taken from ISO 3175-2 : 2010 ‘Professional care, dry cleaning and wet
cleaning of fabrics and garments — Part 2: Procedures for testing performance when cleaning and finishing using
tertrachloroethene’.
The standard is applicable to all kinds of organizations irrespective of its complexity as well as hazards associated
with it and is voluntary in nature like all other management systems. A system of this kind enables an organization
to demonstrate its performance and conformity to the legal requirements. Certifying organization should provide
information listing all the legislations as identified by the organization and covered in the certification process.
Two different colours for background and combined performance materials are defined, providing options for
increasing wearer’s conspicuity against most backgrounds found in urban and rural work environments. Users
should consider the prevailing ambient background in which protection is required and select the colour providing
the preferred contrast.
Higher photometric performance levels of retroreflective material provide greater contrast and visibility over
wider viewing angles of safety clothing when seen in headlights during darkness. When greater conspicuity is
required, the higher performance level of retroreflective material should be used.
Classes of visibility hazards are identified and appropriate markings for the clothing are suggested based on worker
risk hazards, such as complex backgrounds, vehicular traffic density and speeds.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
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IS 15809 : 2017

Indian Standard
HIGH VISIBILITY WARNING CLOTHES —
SPECIFICATION
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE IS No. Title
6489 (Part 1) : Textiles — Tear properties of
This standard specifies requirements and methods of
2011 fabrics : Part 1 Determination of
tests for high visibility warning clothing as well as
recommended configurations of the materials. tear force using ballistic pendulum
method (Elmendorf)
2 REFERENCES 7016 (Part 4) : Methods of test for coated and
2003 treated fabrics: Part 4 Rubber or
The standards given below contain provisions, which
plastics — Coated fabrics —
through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
Determination of resistance to
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
damage by fabrics
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
12673 (Part 1) : Textiles — Determination of the
revisions, and parties to agreement based on this
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility 2014 abrasion resistance of fabrics by the
of applying the most recent editions of the standards martindale method : Martindale
indicated below: abrasion testing apparatus (first
revision)
IS No. Title IS 15370 : 2005/ Textiles — Domestic washing and
686 : 1985 Method for determination of ISO 6330 : 2000 drying procedures for textile
colour fastness of textile material testing
to daylight (first revision) IS/ISO 105-C06 : Textiles — Tests for colour
689 : 1988 Method for determination of
1994 fastness : Part C06 colour fastness
colour fastness of textile materials
to domestic and commercial
to hot pressing (first revision)
laundering
762 : 1988 Method for determination of
colour fastness of textile materials IS/ISO 105 E01 : Method for determination of
to hypochlorite bleaching (first 2013 colour fastness of textile materials
revision) to water
766 : 1988 Method for determination of IS/ISO 105 E04 : Method for determination of
colour fastness of textile material 2013 colour fastness of textile materials
to rubbing (first revision) to perspiration
1966 Textiles — Bursting properties of 3 TERMINOLOGY
fabrics — Determination of
bursting strength and bursting For the purpose of this standard the following terms
distension : and definitions shall apply.
(Part 1) : 2009 Hydraulic method 3.1 Background Material — Coloured fluorescent
(Part 2) : 2009 Pneumatic method material intended to be highly conspicuous in the
1969 (Part 1) : Textiles — Tensile properties of
daytime, but not intended to comply with the
2009 fabrics — Determination of
requirements of these guidelines for retroreflective
maximum force and elongation at
material.
maximum force : Part 1 Strip
method 3.2 Certify — Testing by third party to verify
2454 : 1985 Method for determination of performance requirements as specified in this standard
colour fastness of textile materials
to artificial light (Xenon lamp) 3.3 Coefficient of Luminous Intensity — Ratio of
(first revision) luminous intensity of the retroreflector in the direction
4802 : 1988 Method for determination of of observation to the illuminance at the retroreflector
colour fastness of textile materials on a plane perpendicular to the direction of the incident
to dry-cleaning (first revision) light.

1
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IS 15809 : 2017

3.4 Coefficient of Retroreflection (Ra) — The ratio a) Class 1 — For use in occupational activities
of the coefficient of luminous intensity of a plane that permit full and undivided attention to
retroreflecting surface to its area and expressed in approaching traffic;
candela per lux per square metre (cd.lx–1.m–2) b) Class 2 — For use in occupational activities
3.5 Combined-Performance Material — where users require greater visibility for
Retroreflective material which is also a fluorescent inclement weather conditions, activities on or
material near roadways with higher traffic levels; and
c) Class 3 — For use in high-risk occupations
3.6 Conspicuity — The characteristics of an object when workers are exposed to high-speed
which determine the likelihood that it will come to the traffic, or a wide range of weather conditions.
attention of an observer, especially in a complex
environment which has objects competing for attention NOTE — The conspicuity classes and examples of
applicable workers are provided in Annex A. While the
of the observer.
area of materials used is driven by the type of garment
3.7 Entrance Angle — The angle between the and size of the wearer, Class 3 clothes intend to offer
greater visibility against most urban and rural
illumination axis and the retroreflector axis. backgrounds than Class 2 clothes, which in turn are
significantly superior than Class 1 clothes. Annex A
3.8 Fluorescent Material — Material that emits
provides a description of these conspicuity classes
optical radiation at wavelengths longer than it absorbed. and the recommended applications.
These materials enhance daytime visibility, particularly
during the hours of dawn and dusk. 5 REQUIREMENTS
3.9 High Visibility Warning Clothes — Personal 5.1 Materials
protective safety clothing intended to provide
5.1.1 Retroreflective and background materials shall
conspicuity during both day time and night time usage.
conform to the performance requirements as specified
3.10 Observation Angle — Angle between the in 5.3 and 5.4.
illumination axis and the observation axis.
5.1.2 The material shall not dissolve or pucker when
3.11 Photometric Performance Level — The wiped with a soft cloth containing methylated spirit,
effectiveness of retroreflective material in returning light kerosene, unleaded gasoline, methanol and naptha
to its source, expressed in Table 1 and Table 2 as solvent.
combined material and measured in terms of Coefficient
5.2 Garment Design
of Retroreflection (Ra).
5.2.1 Specific Design Requirements for Retroreflective
3.12 Retroreflector Axis — Usually perpendicular to
Materials
the surface of the retroreflective material.
5.2.1.1 Width of bands
3.13 Retroreflective Material — Material which is a
retroreflector that is, it reflects the light falling on it, Bands of retroreflective material shall not be less than
back to the source of light and is either not intended to 50 mm for Class 3 and Class 2 clothes, and shall meet
comply with the requirements of these guidelines for the minimum performance shown in Table 1 and
background material, or is a combined-performance Table 2. Class 1 clothes shall be constructed with
material. retroreflective material bands of not less than 25 mm.
Alternatively, Class 1 clothes can be constructed with
3.14 Rotation Angle (εε ) — Angle indicating the
combined-performance material meeting minimum
orientation of the specimen when it is rotated about the
performance requirements in Table 1 and Table 2 and
retroreflector axis.
shall not be less than 50 mm in width.
4 CLASSIFICATION
Table 1 Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection
4.1 Types (cd.lx-1.m-2) for Retroreflective Material
(Clauses 3.11, 5.2.1.1, 5.4.1 and C-3.2.1)
High visibility warning clothes are of two types
depending on the colour for background and combined Sl Observation Angle Entrance Angle
No.
performance materials: 5o 20o 30o 40o
a) Type 1 – Fluorescent yellow – Green, and (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) 12' 330 290 180 65
b) Type 2 – Fluorescent orange – Red.
ii) 20' 250 200 170 60
4.2 Each type of high visibility warning clothing are iii) 1o 25 15 12 10
classified based on the level of conspicuity as follows: iv) 1o30' 10 7 5 4

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IS 15809 : 2017

Table 2 Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection but to a maximum of ± 20o. Graphic examples have
(cd.lx-1.m-2) for Combined-Performance Material been given in Annex B.
(Clauses 3.11, 5.2.1.1, 5.4.1 and C-3.2.1) NOTE — Maximum visibility may be obtained by endorsing:
Sl Observation Entrance Angle a) two horizontal bands of retroreflective material around
No. Angle the torso in case of coverall;
5° 20° 30° 40° b) with one or more horizontal bands of retroreflective
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) material around the torso and bands of retroreflective
material joining the uppermost torso band from the front
i) 12' 250 220 135 50
to the back over each shoulder in case of jackets and vests;
ii) 20' 120 100 75 30 and
iii) 1° 25 15 12 10 c) two bands of retroreflective material should encircle the
iv) 1°30' 10 7 5 4 sleeves at the same height as those on the torso for
coveralls and jackets with full-length sleeves.
5.2.1.2 Multiple bands
Harnesses shall comprise a band of combined-performance
For multiple bands placed on the garment, the bands retroreflective material encircling the waist and joining the
shall be placed at a spacing distance of at least equal to waistband from the back to the front over both shoulders,
the width of the band. the bands being not less than 50 mm wide.
5.2.1.3 Bands near bottom edge NOTE — harnesses complying with this standard are not
intended to provide protection against fall from heights.
For horizontal bands placed near the bottom edge of
the jacket or vest, the spacing shall be not less than 50 Table 3 Minimum Areas of Visible Material
mm above the bottom edge. For trousers, horizontal (Clause 5.2.1.7)
bands on the legs shall be not more than 350 mm above
the bottom edge of the legs. Sl Class of High Visibility Class 3 Class 2 Class 1
No. Warning Clothing
5.2.1.4 Bands on sleeves (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Whenever horizontal bands are placed on full-length i) Background material, m2 0.80 0.50 0.14
sleeves of coveralls and jackets, the band shall encircle ii) a) Retroreflective material 0.20 0.13 0.10
the arm and be placed at the same height on the garment or combined performance
as the retroreflective band on the torso. Upper bands material used in con-
junction with background
shall encircle the upper part of the sleeves between material, m2
elbow and shoulder. Lower bands shall not be less than b) Combined-performance – – 0.20
50 mm from the bottom of the sleeve. material used without back-
ground material, m2
5.2.1.5 Gaps
iii) Metre per retroreflective 3.9 m 2.6 m a) 3.9 m
Gaps in retroreflective and background material for the band width of of of 25 mm
50 mm 50 mm wide band
purpose of fastening devices shall not be more than 50 wide wide b) 1.97 m
mm horizontally. band band of 50 mm
wide band
5.2.1.6 360° band placement
All classes of clothes shall have continuous areas of 5.3 Colour
retroreflective material encircling the torso, placed in
such a manner to provide 360° visibility of the wearer. 5.3.1 Colour of Background Material and Combined-
Performance Retroreflective Material Prior to
5.2.1.7 Minimum area of visible material and Exposure Tests
retoreflective material
5.3.1.1 The chromaticity value of the background
Each class of high visibility safety clothes shall have material and combined-performance retroreflective
the minimum area of materials incorporated in the material shall lie within one of the areas given in Table
garment in accordance with Table 3. The specified level 4 when measured at each of the two rotation angles in
of retroreflective material selected shall be indicated accordance with C-2.
on the garment label as described in 6.1.1.
5.3.1.2 The minimum luminance factor of the
5.2.2 Garment Design Configurations background material and combined-performance
Coveralls, jackets and vests shall be designed to permit retroreflective material shall be as given in Table 4 when
maximum visibility of the wearer. Bands of measured at each of the two rotation angles in
retroreflective material in the garments may be inclined accordance with C-2.

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IS 15809 : 2017

5.3.2 Colour Fastness of Background Material specified in IS 2454. Exposure shall continue until the
blue scale control standard number 5 has changed to step
5.3.2.1 Colour fastness to crocking
3 of the grey scale for red and orange-red materials, and
The colour fastness of background material to crocking the blue scale control standard number 4 has changed to
both wet and dry shall be at least a grade 4.0 by the gray step 4 of the grey scale for yellow-green materials.
scale for staining when tested in accordance with IS 766.
Table 5 Colour Fastness
Table 4 Colour Background Material and (Clause 5.3.2.3)
Combined Performance Material
(Clauses 5.3.1.1, 5.3.1.2, 5.3.2.4 and 5.3.3) Sl Care Process Fastness, Grade of the Method of
No. Grey Scale, At Least Test, Ref to
Sl Colour Chromaticity Minimum (1) (2) (3) (4)
No. Coordinates Luminance
Factor i) Domestic and Colour change: Grade 4 IS/ISO105 C06
commercial to5;
X Y β, Min laundry Staining : Grade 3.0
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
ii) Dry-cleaning Colour shade change : 4 IS 4802
i) Fluorescent 0.387 0.610
yellow-green 0.356 0.494 iii) Hypochlorite Colour shade change : 4 IS 762
0.70 bleaching:
0.398 0.452
0.460 0.540 a) Domestic a) Test conditions 5A
b) Commercial b) Test conditions 4A
ii) Fluorescent 0.610 0.390
orange-red 0.544 0.376 iv) Hot-pressing Colour change : 4 to 5 IS 689
0.40
0.579 0.341 Staining : 3.0
0.655 0.344 v) Water Colour change and IS/ISO 105 E01
Staining : Grade 4
5.3.2.2 Colour fastness to perspiration
The colour fastness of background material to 5.4 Photometric and Physical Performance
perspiration shall be at least a grade 4.0 for colour Requirements for Retroreflective and Combined-
change by the grey scale and at least a grade 3.0 for Performance Materials
staining by the grey scale for staining when tested in 5.4.1 Performance Requirements of Retroreflective
accordance with IS/ISO 105 E04. and Combined-Performance Material Prior to Test
5.3.2.3 Colour fastness — When laundered, dry- Exposure
cleaned, hypochlorite bleached and hot pressed When tested as per C-3, at the two rotation angles
Colour fastness of background material shall be at least ε1 = 0 o and ε2 = 90o, retroreflective and combined-
the grade specified in col 3 of Table 5 when determined performance material shall comply with the minimum
in accordance with the test methods stated in col 4 of requirements for the coefficient of retroreflection stated
Table 5. Specimens shall be dried hanging in air at a in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively, at one of the two
temperature not exceeding 60oC with parts in contact rotation angles; and shall be not less than 85 percent of
only at the lines of stitching. Samples shall be pressed the values stated in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively at
in the dry state only in case of hot-pressing. the other rotation angle.
NOTE — The values for retroreflective material are for any colour.
5.3.2.4 Colour fastness of background materials after
xenon test 5.4.2 Performance Requirements of Retroreflective
and Combined-Performance Material after Test
The colour of background material after exposure shall
Exposure
be within the areas defined by the coordinates in Table
4 and the luminance factor shall be not less than the The retroreflective and combined-performance material
corresponding minimum values given in Table 4 when tested in accordance with 5.3 shall be exposed to the
tested in accordance with IS 2454. conditions as specified in Table 6. After exposure each
test specimen shall fulfill the photometric requirements
5.3.3 Colour Fastness of Combined-Performance
listed below:
Materials after Xenon Test
a) The coefficient of retroreflection (Ra), measured
The colour of combined-performance materials after
at observation angle 12° and entrance angle 5o,
exposure shall be within the areas defined by the
shall exceed 100 cd/(lx.m2)at one of the two
coordinates in Table 4 and the luminance factor shall be
orientations described in C-3; and
not less than the corresponding minimum values in Table 4.
The light fastness of the combined-performance materials b) It shall be not less than 85 percent of those
shall be determined in accordance with test method required values at the other orientation.

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IS 15809 : 2017

Table 6 Test Exposure legibly on the product itself or on labels attached to

(Clause 5.4.2) the products, with the following information:

Sl Test Exposure Procedure for Exposure of

a) Name, trade-mark or other means of
No. Retroreflective and Combined- identification of the manufacturer or
Performance Retroreflective authorised representative;
Material
(1) (2) (3)
b) Size designation;
i) Abrasion C-4.1 c) Fabric content; and
ii) Flexing C-4.2 d) Garment class and level of performance for
iii) Temperature C-4.3 the retroreflective material.
variation
NOTE — The marking should be large enough to convey
iv) Washing C-4.4
immediate understanding and to allow the use of readily
v) Dry-cleaning C-4.5
legible characters.
vi) Influence of rainfall C-4.6
6.1.2 BIS Certification Marking
When tested as per 4.3, the material shall show no
physical damage likely to affect their utility as part of The product may also be marked with the Standard Mark.
the garment, no appreciable change in colour, no 6.1.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by
migration of colour which would affect their visual the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986
performance as part of the garment, and shall retain and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
the brightness level of at least 200 cd.lx-1.m-2 for details of conditions under which the licence for the
retroreflective materials and 80 cd.lx -1 .m -2 for use of the Standard Mark may be granted to
combined-performance materials, when measured in manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the
accordance with C-3. Bureau of Indian Standards.

5.5 Mechanical Properties of Background Material 6.2 Packing

The material shall be packed suitably as agreed to
5.5.1 Tensile Testing
between the buyer and the seller.
The tensile test in warp and weft direction shall fulfil
the following requirement; 7 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
5.5.1.1 Tensile strength (in Newton ‘N’) divided by Written information shall be supplied together with the
specific fabric mass (g/m2) shall be > 2 with minimum garment on instructions for use, and shall include the
of at least 400 N. following:
5.5.1.2 Tensile strength shall be tested in accordance a) Fitting — how to put on and take off, if
with IS 1969 (Part 1). relevant;
b) Necessary warnings of misuse;
5.5.2 Tear Resistance for Coated Fabric and
Laminates c) Limitations on use;
d) Storage — how to store and maintain
The tensile testing shall not be applicable for Coated
correctly, with maximum periods between
Fabric and Laminates. Tear Resistance shall be
maintenance checks;
determined according to IS 6489 (Part 1) and have a
minimum of 25 N. e) Maintenance and cleaning — how to clean or
decontaminate correctly, with complete
5.5.3 Bursting Strength washing and/or dry-cleaning instructions; and
The minimum bursting strength shall be 800 kN/m2, f) Number of cleaning processes without
when measured in accordance with either IS 1966 impairment of garment’s performance level.
(Part 1) or IS 1966 (Part 2) using sample specimen of
NOTE — Visibility of background and retroreflective
30 mm diameter. materials will deteriorate with exposure and use.
6 PACKING AND MARKING 8 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR
6.1 Marking CONFORMITY

6.1.1 Each piece of warning clothing shall be marked Sampling for test and the criteria for conformity shall
be as per Annex C.

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IS 15809 : 2017

ANNEX A
(Clause 4.2)
CONSPICUITY CLASSES AND EXAMPLES OF APPLICABLE WORKERS

A-1 It is recommended that the selection of conspicuity class be based on the class definition that best represents
the highest intermittent or continuous exposure encountered by the worker.

A-2 CONSPICUITY CLASSES

Conspicuity Class 1 Examples of Workers in Class 1

Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities which: 1) workers directing vehicle
a) permit full and undivided attention to approaching traffic operators to parking/service areas
b) provide ample separation of the worker from conflicting 2) workers retrieving shopping carts
from parking areas
vehicle traffic
3) workers exposed to hazards of
c) permit optimum conspicuity in backgrounds that are not warehouse equipment traffic
complex, and 4) roadside maintenance workers
d) involve vehicle and moving equipment speeds not 5) delivery vehicle drivers
exceeding 40km/h

Conspicuity Class 2 Examples of Workers in Class 2

Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities where risk 1) roadway construction workers
levels exceed those in Class 1, such as where: 2) utility workers
a) greater visibility is desired during inclement weather 3) survey crews
conditions 4) railway workers at low risk areas
b) complex backgrounds are present 5) school crossing guards
c) workers are performing tasks which divert attention from 6) high-volume parking personnel
approaching vehicle traffic 7) toll gate personnel
d) vehicle of moving equipment speeds exceed 40 km/h, and 8) airport baggage handlers and
e) work activities take place in or in near proximity to ground crew
vehicle traffic 9) emergency response personnel
10) law enforcement personnel
11) accident site investigators

Conspicuity Class 3 Examples of Workers in Class 3

Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities where risk 1) roadway construction workers
levels exceed those in Class 2, such as where: 2) utility workers
a) workers are exposed to traffic speeds exceeding 80 km/h 3) survey crews
b) pedestrian worker and vehicle operator have high task 4) emergency response personnel
loads, clearly placing the pedestrian worker in danger, and
5) railway workers at high risk areas
c) the worker must be conspicuous through the full range of (working on track such as
body motions at a minimum of 390m (1280 feet), and gangman)
must be identifiable as a person
6) track machine staff, night patrol
man, gate keeper etc)

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A-2.1 Applicable Conditions

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

General For use in occupational For use in occupational For use in high-risk
description of activities that permit full and activities where users require occupations when workers
conspicuity level undivided attention to greater visibility for inclement are exposed to high-speed
approaching traffic weather conditions, activities traffic, or a wide range of
on or near roadways with weather conditions
higher traffic levels

Roadway Roadway or roadside Roadway situations which do Roadway situations where

conditions conditions that provide not provide ample separation the pedestrian and vehicle
ample separation of the of the pedestrian from operator have high task
pedestrian worker from conflicting vehicle traffic loads- clearly placing the
conflicting vehicle traffic pedestrian in danger

Worker’s Not complex — permitting Complex-tasks which divert Complex

background optimum conspicuity attention from approaching
traffic

Vehicle and Not exceeding 40 km/h 40 to 80 km/h Exceeding 80 km/ph

moving
equipment
speeds

Examples of a) Workers who direct a) Roadway workers in a) Utility workers

workers defined vehicle operators to urban or high traffic b) Survey crews
in this class parking/service suburban areas c) Emergency response
locations b) Utility workers personnel
b) Workers exposed to c) Survey crews d) Railway workers
the hazards of d) Railway workers e) Accident site
warehouse equipment e) School crossing guards investigators
traffic f) High-volume parking
c) Workers engaged in and/or toll gate
roadside/sidewalk personnel
maintenance g) Emergency response
d) Delivery vehicle personnel
drivers h) Law enforcers
(especially those
directing traffic or
conducting traffic
accident site
investigations)

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IS 15809 : 2017

ANNEX B
(Clause 5.2.2)
GRAPHIC EXAMPLES OF VESTS, JACKETS AND COVERALLS

B-1 Graphic examples of Vests (Class 2), Jackets (Class 3), Coverall (Class 3) and Coverall with inclined bands
(Class 3) are given in Fig.1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, respectively.

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 EXAMPLE OF CLASS 2 VESTS

All dimensions in millimetres.

F IG. 2 EXAMPLE OF CLASS 3 JACKET

All dimensions in millimetres.

All dimensions in millimetres. FIG. 4 EXAMPLE OF CLASS 3 COVERALL WITH INCLINED
FIG. 3 EXAMPLE OF CLASS 3 C OVERALL BANDS RETROREFLECTIVE MATERIAL

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IS 15809 : 2017

ANNEX C
(Clauses 5.4, 5.5 and 8)
SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

C-1 SAMPLING AND CONDITIONING over the area illuminated and measured. The specimen
shall have a black underlay with a reflectance of less
C-1.1 Specimens than 0.04.
Test specimens shall be taken at random from NOTE — Specimens should be handled carefully to avoid
commercially available quantities representative of contamination. Care should be taken not to touch the area to be
measured except for application of a suitable cleaning procedure.
commercially available quality.
C-2.3 Standardization
C-1.2 Preparation of Specimens
Standardize the spectrometer using an ideal (white)
The size, shape and quantity shall be as required for
standard with an assigned reflectance factor 100.0
each test procedures.
(percent) and use a highly polished black glass standard
C-1.3 Number of Tests with an assigned reflectance factor of zero.

Unless otherwise specified, one specimen of each C-2.4 Procedure

material shall be tested and shall comply with the C-2.4.1 To the extent allowed by the available
minimum requirements. instrument select the appropriate source type,
illuminating and viewing geometry and the wavelength
C-1.4 Conditioning of Specimens
range and wavelength measurement interval.
The specimens shall be conditioned for at least 24 h at
C-2.4.2 When the instrument is interfaced to a computer
27 ± 2oC and 65 ± 5 percent relative humidity. If the
so that calculation of CIE tristimulus values and derived
tests are carried out in other conditions, the tests shall
color coordinates automatically follows measurement,
be conducted within 5 min after withdrawal from the
select the variables defining these computations.
conditioning atmosphere.
C-2.4.3 Measure the color coordinates based on the
C-2 DETERMINATION OF COLOUR instrument manufacturers instructions.
C-2.1 General C-3 METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF
Colour shall be measured in accordance with the RETROREFLECTIVE PHOTOMETRIC
procedure as given below with polychromatic PERFORMANCE
illumination D65 and 45/0 ( or 0/45 ) geometry and 2o C-3.1 General
standard observer.
The coefficient of retroreflection (R a) shall be
C-2.1.1 Apparatus determined in accordance with the procedure as
C-2.1.1.1 Spectrometer, any suitable spectrometer specified below in C-3.2.
designed for the measurement of reflectance factor Measurements shall be made on square samples of
using one or more of the standard influx and efflux 10 cm × 10 cm or of the size of the pre tested samples.
geometries for colour evaluation.
Ra for the sample shall be measured at the specified
C-2.1.1.2 Illuminator, polychromatic illumination D65. observation angle and entrance angle for both the 0o,
C-2.1.1.3 Dispersive Element, wavelength range from and 90o positions of the rotation angle (ε). The position
300 to 830 mm and the wavelength measurement 0o is determined by one of the following means:
interval of 1 nm. a) A clear datum mark on each sample; and
C-2.1.1.4 Detector, A photo electronic device b) A clear instruction given by the manufacturer
(phototube or photomultiplier), silicon photodiode, or of the material.
any other suitable photo detector. If no mark or instruction exists, the position ε = 0o can
be chosen at random.
C-2.2 Test Specimens
Test specimen shall be representative of the material C-3.2 Apparatus
being tested and should be uniform in optical properties C-3.2.1 Suitable retroreflectometer designed for the

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IS 15809 : 2017

measurement of coefficient of retroreflection (Ra) of normal materials in the proportion of 50 ± 2 kg/m3 and
sheets and tapes used for High visible warning clothes for sensitive and very sensitive materials in the
as per requirements as specified in Table 1 and Table 2. proportion of 33 ± 2 kg/m3. Unless the mass of a single
specimen (fabric, composite garment) exceeds 10
C-3.2.2 The portable retroreflectometer should be
percent of the mass of the load, the mass of the test
calibrated with standards as per equipment
specimen(s) shall not exceed 10 percent of the mass of
manufacturers’ instructions before the measurement.
the load. The remainder of the load shall consist of
C-4 RETROREFLECTION AFTER TEST ballast.
EXPOSURE C-4.5.1.2 Place the conditioned load in the machine
and charge the machine with distilled tetrachloroethene,
C-4.1 Abrasion
containing 1g/litre of sorbitan mono-oleate so that the
The test sample shall be abraded in accordance with liquor ratio, calculated from the volume of the solvent
IS 12673 (Part 1), using a woollen fabric abradent for in drum, is 5.5 ± 0.5 l/kg of the load. Maintain the
5 000 cycles, using a weight of 9 kPa. solvent at (30 ± 3)°C throughout the cleaning operation.

C-4.2 Flexing C-4.5.1.3 Prepare a fresh emulsion by mixing, per

kilogram of load, 10 ml of sorbitan mono-oleate with
The test sample shall be flexed in accordance with 30 ml of tetrachloroethene and then whilst stirring
IS 7016 (Part 4) for 7 500 cycles. adding 20 ml of water. This corresponds to 2 percent
of water calculated on the mass of the load.
C-4.3 Exposure to Temperature Variation
If the mixing of the detergent with tetrechloroethene
Specimens of the size of 180 mm × 30 mm shall be
outside the machine is not permitted, a mixture of the
exposed continuously to a cycle of changing
detergent and water may be added directly into the
temperatures,
machine. Precautions shall be taken to avoid uneven
a) for 12 h at 50 ± 2°C immediately followed by distribution of the individual components in the load.
b) for 20 h at –30 ± 2°C; and Any deviation from the procedure shall be noted in the
c) for conditioning for at least 2 h in accordance test report.
with C-1. Start the machine with the filter circuit shut off, and
C-4.4 Washing 2 min after the cage inlet has closed, add the emulsion
slowly over a period of 30 ± 5 s to the machine between
C-4.4.1 When the marking on the garment (see 6.1.1) the cage and the drum below the level of the solvent.
indicates that it is suitable for washing, the
retroreflective material shall be washed for a minimum C-4.5.1.4 Switch the machine on and allow it to run
of 50 washing cycles as per the procedure defined for 15 min. Do not use the filter circuit for the duration
in C-4.4.2. of the test.

C-4.4.2 Three clothing fabric specimens 300 mm × C-4.5.1.5 Drain the solvent and centrifugally extract
250 mm shall be prepared with two stripes of the solvent from the load for 2 min (including at least
retroreflective material, each 250 mm × 30 mm, with a 1 min at full extraction speed).
distance between two stripes of 30 mm. The test C-4.5.1.6 Introduce pure dry solvent at the same liquor
samples shall be washed for a minimum of 50 cycles in ratio as that given in C-4.5.1.2 and rinse for 5 min.
accordance with IS 15370 using Type A washing Drain and extract again for 3 min (including at least
machine and procedure 2A for separate performance 2 min at full extraction speed).
retroreflective material, procedure 5A for combined
performance material. C-4.5.1.7 Dry the load in the machine air for an
appropriate time, preferably using an automatic solvent
C-4.5 Dry Cleaning dryness control. After drying, blow air, at ambient
temperature, through the rotating load for at least 5 min.
When the marking on the garment indicates that it is
suitable for dry-cleaning, the material shall be processed C 4.5.1.8 Immediately remove the test piece from the
for a minimum of five dry cleaning cycles in accordance machine. Place garments individually on hangers and
with method C-4.5.1. place fabric specimens on a flat surface for at least
30 min before finishing.
C-4.5.1 Procedure
C 4.5.1.9 Carry out finishing treatments appropriate to
C-4.5.1.1 The mass of the complete load, measured
the test specimen from the following methods and
to ± 0.1, shall be calculated from the cage volume, for
record the processing condition used.

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IS 15809 : 2017

a) Method A : No finishing C-4.6 Retroreflective Performance in Rainfall

b) Method B : Finishing with an iron Samples shall be tested in accordance with the method
c) Method C : Finishing with a steam press specified under C-4.6.1 to C-4.6.3.
d) Method D : Steaming on a press or table
C-4.6.1 Principle
e) Method E : Steaming on a mannequin or in a
cabinet A specimen of the material is mounted in a vertical plane
f) Method F : No suitable finishing method could and subjected to a continuous spray of water droplets.
be found. Report methods and conditions Measurements are made of the coefficient of
attempted and reasons for unsuitability. retroreflection of the wetted surface while the spray is
maintained, simulating the optical behavior of a surface
Record actual steaming times to allow for the reaction in a shower of rain.
times of steam pedal switches and timer mechanisms.
The purpose of finishing after dry-cleaning is to restore C-4.6.2 Apparatus
an article to its original condition before use. The A suitable apparatus for mounting the specimen in the
amount and type of finishing should be consistent with spray of water is illustrated in Fig. 5.
the fabric/garment properties and the restorative
requirements. The specimen A is supported on the vertical specimen
holder B above the catch trough C and drain D. The
NOTE — Steaming/Vacuuming times for Method C and specimen holder is rigidly attached to the goniometer
Method D vary, for example from 2 ± 1 s actual steam 5 ± 1 s
vacuum for a light weight garment to (4 ± 1) s / (8 ± 1) s for table (not shown) but is held away from it. The spray
heavy garments. Steaming in Method C consist of top steam, nozzle E is rigidly supported in a position which is fixed
only to equate to good pressing practice. It is likely that Method relative to the specimen and is supplied with tap water
E is used with Method B or Method C to achieve a good standard at constant but adjustable pressure through a flexible
of finish.
joint F or hose.

FIG. 5 APPARATUS FOR THE WET RETROREFLECTIONS T EST

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IS 15809 : 2017

The nozzle is 1 m away from the specimen and is so place, under both dry and wet conditions and determine
angled that the spray strikes the specimen at an angle a correction for change in spray light between these
of 10o to the vertical. The specimen, specimen holder two conditions.
and spray nozzle are enclosed in a cover G designed to
Mount a flat, square specimen of the material of side not
protect the optical apparatus from water.
less than 50 mm in a vertical plane of the vertical specimen
Preferably, the cover is made of or incorporated large holder so that the holder does not protrude beyond the
areas of rigid transparent plastics material for visibility edge of the specimen at any point. If the material is
and has at least one removable panel or door for access. orientation sensitive when dry, as described in 6.1 mount
A square aperture H of side 150 mm is provided for the it so that measurements can be made at the orientation
light path and a gutter J protects this aperture from which gate the lowest performance when dry. Adjust
failing water. The region of the cover near to this the nozzle and water supply to subject the specimen to
aperture is painted matt black to reduce spray a spray of ordinary tap water such that the whole face of
reflections. The nozzle consists of an orifice of diameter the specimen is within the envelope of the spray, the angle
1.19 mm with an appropriately designed feed pipe 8 between the surface of the specimen and the water
producing a substantially uniform solid cone spray. striking it is not less that 5o, and the flow rate striking
the specimen is equivalent to a rainfall, in millimeters
C-4.6.3 Procedure
per hour, of 50/tan 8 as measured in a horizontal collector.
Calibrate the apparatus for measuring the coefficient Maintain the spray in a steady state for at least 2 min
of retroreflection Ra with the wet testing apparatus in before and throughout the measurement.

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Bureau of Indian Standards

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harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
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Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: CHD 08 (10076).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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