Computer Essentials - Microsoft Windowws - Chapter2

COMPUTER ESSENTIAL’S
CHAPTER 2
Microsoft Windows
Lecturer:
Dr. Nashwan A. OTHMAN
First Semester
Medical Laboratory Technology
Microsoft
Windows
Introduction
Microsoft Windows (also referred to as Windows or Win) is a
graphical operating system developed and published by
Microsoft. It provides a way to store files, run software, play
games, watch videos, and connect to the Internet.
Microsoft Windows was first introduced with version 1.0 on

November 10, 1983. There have been many different versions of
Windows over the years, including Windows 8 (released in 2012),
Windows 7 (2009), Windows Vista (2006), and Windows XP
(2001).
Windows 10 is the most recent version of the Microsoft Windows

operating system. While older versions of Windows mainly ran on
desktop and laptop computers, Windows 10 is also designed to
run equally well on tablets.
Microsoft Windows Editions
Starting with Windows XP, Microsoft has published various
editions of Windows. Each of these Windows editions has the
same core operating system, but some editions have additional
features, at an additional cost.
Windows Home is the basic edition of

Windows. It provides all the fundamental
functions of Windows, such as connecting
to the Internet, browsing the web,
watching videos, using office software,
and playing video games.
It is the least expensive edition of
Windows, and it comes preinstalled on
many new computers.
Microsoft Windows Editions
Windows Pro
Windows Professional is an enhanced
Windows edition, for power users, and small to
medium sized businesses. It includes all the
features of Windows Home, plus many
additional features such as Remote Desktop
which allows you to remotely control another
Windows computer connected to the Internet.
Also include Bitlocker which is Microsoft's
integrated file encryption.
Business editions
Windows Professional for Workstations and Windows Enterprise
provide advanced features for professional studios and large
businesses.
Getting to know Microsoft Windows interface
Microsoft Windows use a graphical user interface (GUI) and have its own
look and feel. The figure below will introduce you to the Windows interfaces.
1
3
2
4
1 Recycle Bin: When you delete a file, it is moved to the Recycle Bin. This allows you to recover
the file if you change your mind. To permanently delete the file, you will need to empty the
Recycle Bin.
2 Items on the Desktop: You can keep folders, files, and shortcuts on the desktop, so they'll be
easily accessible.
3 Desktop: The desktop is the main workspace of your computer. From here, you can access files,
folders, and more. You can also customize the desktop by choosing a desktop background
image, also known as a wallpaper.
4 Open Folders: When you double-click a folder, it will open in a specialized program called File
Explorer (also known as Windows Explorer). This allows you to navigate to the specific folder or
file you want.
5 6 7 8
5 Start Button: In most versions of Windows, you'll click the Start button to open the Start
menu.
6 Shortcuts on the Taskbar: Some programs will have shortcuts on the taskbar for easy
access. In this example, there are shortcuts to Microsoft Edge, File Explorer, and the
Windows Store
7 Taskbar: The taskbar contains shortcuts to applications, the date and time, and more.
When you open a program or file, it will appear on the taskbar, and you can easily switch
between different programs by selecting them on the taskbar.
8 Date and Time Settings: On the right side of the taskbar, you will see the date and time.
There will also be shortcuts to various settings, like Internet settings and sound volume.
Opening applications
You'll use the Start menu to

open programs on your
computer. To do this, click
the Start (1) button in the
bottom-left corner, then
choose the desired
application.
If you don't see the one you
want, select All apps (2) to
see a full list of applications.
Or you can search for
application by clicking the
2 Start button, then start
typing.
1
Computer's file system
No matter which operating system you use, your computer uses folders to organize
all the different files and applications it contains. Folder icons on your computer are
designed to look like file folders full of documents or pictures.
Each operating system has its own file system, which helps you
find your folders and files. If you have a Windows PC, you'll use the
File Explorer (also known as Windows Explorer).
Icons: are small pictures representing applications, files, and folders.
Opening your computer's file system

the file system icon will be in the bottom-left part of the
screen. On a PC, the File Explorer icon (1) looks like a folder,
as in the image below.
2
you can also open the file system by clicking a folder from
your desktop.
If you didn’t found the desired file, you can use the
Navigation pane (2) on the left side of the window to select 1
a different location.
What is a folder?
▪ Windows uses folders to help you organize files. You can put files inside a folder,
just like you would put documents inside a real folder. In the image below, you can
see some folders on the desktop.
To create a new folder:

Within File Explorer, locate and select the New folder button. You can also right-click where you
want the folder to appear, then select New > Folder.
The new folder will appear. Type the desired name for the folder and press Enter. In our example,
we'll call it School Documents.
What is a file?
▪ You might even think of a file as a digital version of a real-
world thing you can interact with on your computer.
▪ There are many different types of files you can use. For
example, Microsoft Word documents, digital photos, digital
music, and digital videos are all types of files.
▪ When you use different applications, you'll often
be viewing, creating, or editing files.
▪ Files are usually represented by an icon. In the image below,
you can see a few different types of files.
To open a file:
There are two main ways to open a file:
1) Find the file on your computer and double-click it. This will open the file in
its default application. In our example, we'll open a Microsoft Word document
(BdayInvites.docx), which will open in Microsoft Word.
To open a file:
There are two main ways to open a file:
2. Open the application, then use the application to open the file. Once the
application is open, you can go to the File menu at the top of the window and
select Open.
Moving and deleting files:
As you begin using your computer, you will start to collect more and more files, which
can make it more difficult to find the files you need. Fortunately, Windows allows you
to move files to different folders and delete files you no longer use.
To move a file:
It's easy to move a file from one location to another. For example, you might have a
file on the desktop that you want to move to your Documents folder.
1.Click and drag the file to the desired location.
2. Release the mouse. The file will appear in the new location. In this example, we
have opened the folder to see the file in its new location.
❖ You can use this same technique to move an entire folder. Note that moving a
folder will also move all of the files within that folder.
To delete a file or folder:
If you no longer need to use a file, you can delete it. When you delete a file, it is moved
to the Recycle Bin. If you change your mind, you can move the file from the Recycle Bin
back to its original location. If you're sure you want to permanently delete the file, you
will need to empty the Recycle Bin.
1) Click and drag the file to the Recycle Bin icon on the desktop. You can also click the
file to select it and press the Delete key on your keyboard.
2) To permanently delete the file, right-click

the Recycle Bin icon and select Empty Recycle
Bin. All files in the Recycle Bin will be
permanently deleted. Note that deleting a
folder will also delete all of the files within that
folder.
To rename a file or folder:
You can change the name of any file or folder. A unique name will make it easier to
remember what type of information is saved in the file or folder.
1) Click the file or folder, wait about one ❖ You can also right-click the folder
second, and click again. An editable text and select Rename from the menu
field will appear. that appears.
2) Type the desired name on your keyboard
and press Enter. The name will be changed.
Selecting multiple files
Selecting more than one file:
There are a few ways to select more than one file at a time:
❖ If you're viewing your files as icons, you can click and drag the mouse to
draw a box around the files you want to select. When you're done, release the
mouse; the files will be selected. You can now move, copy, or delete all of these
files at the same time.
❖To select specific files from a folder, press and hold the Control key on your
keyboard, then click the files you want to select.
❖To select a group of files from a folder, click the first file, press and hold the
Shift key on your keyboard, then click the last file. All of the files between the
first and last ones will be selected.
Selecting all files

❖If you want to select all files in a folder at the same time, open the folder in File
Explorer and press Ctrl+A (press and hold the Control key on your keyboard, then
press A). All of the files in the folder will be selected.

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COMPUTER ESSENTIAL’S

Microsoft Windows was first introduced with version 1.0 on

Windows 10 is the most recent version of the Microsoft Windows

Windows Home is the basic edition of

You'll use the Start menu to

Icons: are small pictures representing applications, files, and folders.

Opening your computer's file system

To create a new folder:

2) To permanently delete the file, right-click

Selecting all files

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