Further research is needed to strengthen

Blue Energy to improve Indonesia's Blue

Economy

By
Irfan Syarif Arief
email : [email protected]
 Blue Energy Blue Economy
Definition Definition

Content Blue Energy

Technology:
• Tidal Energy Blue Energy for
• Wave Energy Blue Economy
• OTEC
• Offshore Wind
Blue Energy

• Energy produced using renewable

resources from the marine
environment:
• Tidal Energy
• Current Energy
• Wave Energy
• Wind Offshore Energy
• Marine Biomass
• OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy
Conversion)
• Salinity
 • The term “blue economy” has been used in different ways, it is
understood here as comprising the range of economic sectors
and related policies that together determine whether the use
of oceanic resources is sustainable.
• The “blue economy” concept seeks to promote economic
growth, social inclusion, and the preservation or improvement
of livelihoods while at the same time ensuring environmental
Blue sustainability of the oceans and coastal areas
• The blue economy has diverse components, including
Economy established traditional ocean industries such as fisheries,
tourism, and maritime transport, but also new and emerging
activities, such as offshore renewable energy, aquaculture,
seabed extractive activities, and marine biotechnology and
bioprospecting.
• The mix of oceanic activities varies in each country, depending
on their unique national circumstances and the national vision
adopted to reflect its own conception of a blue economy.
 • The blue economy aims to move beyond business as usual and
to consider economic development and ocean health as
compatible propositions
• A blue economy approach must fully anticipate and
Blue incorporate the impacts of climate change on marine and
coastal ecosystems—impacts both already observed and
Economy anticipated.
• Healthy oceans and seas can greatly contribute to
inclusiveness and poverty reduction, and are essential for a
more sustainable future for SIDS and coastal LDCs alike
 SGD
The 17 Goals
Blue Energy for Blue Economy support
to SGD 7 and 14 :

SGD 7 = “Effordable & Clean Energy”

Ensure access to affordable, reliable,
sustainable and modern energy for all.

SGD 14 = “Life below water”

Conserve and sustainably use the
oceans, seas and marine resources for
sustainable development
 SGD 7 7.1: Universal access to modern energy
7.2: Increase global percentage of renewable energy
7.3: Double the improvement in energy efficiency
7.A: Promote access to research, technology and investments in clean energy
Blue 7.B: Expand and upgrade energy services for developing countries
Energy

For 14.1: Reduce marine pollution

14.2: Protect and restore ecosystems
14.3: Reduce ocean acidification
14.4: Sustainable fishing
Blue 14.5: Conserve coastal and marine areas
14.6: End subsidies contributing to overfishing
Economy 14.7: Increase the economic benefits from sustainable use of marine resources
14.a: Increase scientific knowledge, research and technology for ocean health
14.b: Support small scale fishers
SGD 14 14.c: Implement and enforce international sea law
 • The distance between
western and eastern Europe
- is almost the same as the
distance between western
and eastern Indonesia

• But typical seawater in

Europe is different in
Indonesia

• The marine energy potential

is different

• So the blue energy

technology used or applied
must be different to capture
ocean energy
Potential
Ocean
Energy
• How to sell
energy in low
population
density?
• What marine
energy
technology is
suitable for this
area?
Capacity <100kw
Or
Capacity>100 kw
Tidal/Current Energy
• Average speed in Indonesia
between 0,5-2,5 m/s and high
frequency under 1 m/s
 Strait in Indonesia

*Kadir Orhan1, Roberto Mayerle1, Rangaswami Narayanan1 and Wahyu Widodo Pandoe2
 Velocity Current Energy

*Kadir Orhan1, Roberto Mayerle1, Rangaswami Narayanan1 and Wahyu Widodo Pandoe2
Averaged Current Velocity Magnitudes
• The higher
the cut-in
value, the
greater the
energy
density gap
Gap

• How to solve
the energy
density gap
 Recommendation Design for
Tidal Energy
• Vertical Axis Turbine (Gorlov, Darrieus,
Savonius) and cut-in speed between 0,5-1,5
m/s
• Install Capacity 0,5-5 kw
• Challenging :
• Reduce Ripple Torque
• Reduce Vibration
• Improve of a more reliable mechanical transmission

*Kadir Orhan1, Roberto Mayerle1, Rangaswami Narayanan1 and Wahyu Widodo Pandoe2
 ITS Research VAT

www.its.ac.id/siskal INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER, Surabaya - Indonesia

Global Overview of Ocean Wave Energy in Indonesia
Characteristics of Ocean Waves in Indonesia

December January February

Mach-April-May
Global Overview of Ocean Wave Energy in Indonesia
Estimation of ocean wave energy potential
Ocean Wave Conversion Energy

Indonesia Height Wave average 2 m

So SMALL DEVICE Recommended
to install in near shore.
Global Map OTEC
Potential OTEC in Indonesia
Carnot
Location Tw (°C) Tc (°C) ∆T Depth (m)
Efficiency
South Kalimantan 28.82 7.71 22.11 500 0.73

North Sulawesi 29.22 7.44 21.78 500 0.74

Open Cycle

Close Cycle
Timur Strait 28.83 6.72 22.11 600 0.76
Makassar Strait 28.83 6.72 22.11 600 0.76
Hibrid Cycle
South Sulawesi 28.47 6.18 22.29 700 0.78

West Papua 28.16 6.76 21.4 600 0.75

Morotai Sea 28.47 6.82 21.65 600 0.76
North Bali 28.50 6.12 22.38 600 0.79
Preliminary Design Turbine OTEC Dia 600mm
and 100 Kw
 Performance of OTEC Turbine
Calculation of Net Power Power by Generator Pump Power (kW)
No. Name Nett Power (kW)
(kW) Evap Cond NH3
Nett Power 1 2 Stage 34.85 2.48 0.76 0.16 31.45
350,00
2 2 Stage 5 Degree 56.50 3.30 1.07 0.22 51.91
300,00 287,25
245,56 255,59 3 2 Stage 10 Degree 77.50 3.58 1.23 0.23 72.46
250,00 218,92
196,70 206,54 4 2 Stage 15 Degree 116.01 4.97 1.80 0.33 108.91
200,00
165,54
5 2 Stage 20 Degree 173.09 5.21 1.99 0.34 165.54
150,00
108,91
6 2 Stage 25 Degree 205.26 5.84 2.34 0.39 196.70
100,00 72,46
51,91
50,00 31,45 7 2 Stage 30 Degree 228.38 6.37 2.67 0.42 218.92

0,00 8 2 Stage 35 Degree 255.73 6.76 2.96 0.45 245.56

9 2 Stage 40 Degree 298.20 7.18 3.29 0.48 287.25
10 2 Stage 45 Degree 266.62 7.15 3.41 0.48 255.59
11 2 Stage 50 Degree 217.42 6.97 3.45 0.46 206.54
Offshore Wind Turbine Potential in Indonesia
Small Device Offshore
Wind
under 1 kW
Blue Energy support sector Blue Economy
BLUE ENERGY BLUE ECONOMY

• Tidal Energy • Fisheries

• Wave Energy • Tourism
• Maritime transport
• OTEC
For/support • Aquaculture
• Offshore Wind Turbine • Increasing
• Marine Biomass electrification ratio
• Salinity • Etc.
Trend of Ocean Energy

The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for solar

Global weighted-average and range of total installed
PV is already competitive now compared to all
costs, capacity factors and LCOE for offshore wind, 2010-
fossil fuel generation sources and would be
2020
fully competitive in a few years
LCOE = levelized cost of electricity Solar
PV

• Between 2010-2018
LCOE Solar PV
decrease extremely.
• In 2020 to 2030 LCOE
under Fossil Fuel and
it can competitive
LCOE = levelized cost of electricity Wind
Energy

• Between 2010-2019
LCOE Wind Energy
decrease significantly
by 0,084 USD/kWh
• From 2010 to 2020,
Total Installation Cost
decrease
Trend Future Ship Power

• Wind Energy ➔ Wind Assisted Ship Propulsion (WASP)

SAIL WING/FOIL

Tipe of Technology Wind Energy For Ship

Trend Future Ship Power
• Wind Energy ➔ Wind Assisted Ship Propulsion (WASP)

Rectangular sail ships Triangular sail ships

Walker wingsail ships

Flettner Rotor Skysail ships

Trend Future Ship Power
• Solar Energy

PV Feasibly
for ship

CSP

Tipe of Technology Solar Energy For Ship

Trend Future Ship Power
• Solar Energy

Sun 21 Solar Ship of Love II Turanor Planet Solar

Auriga Leader Emerald Ace

Supply Energi for fishing activity
Trend Renewable
Energy Near-Shore
Support Toursim
• Hybrid Offshore Wind and Solar
PV
• Hydbrid Offshore Wind, Solar PV
and Wave Energy
• Capacity <500 Watt for Offshore
Wind
• Floating Solar PV near-shore
 Industry
Blue Energy Big Device > 500 kW
Technology
Investor • High-Risk Installation
• Location is limited

Researcher • Challenging to reach LCOE

competitiveness with like
Small Device <100 Kw
fossil fuel
• High cost for O&M
• Easy Installation • High-cost mobilization and
• It can be used in many locations in Indonesia demobilization
• It can reach LCOE competitiveness with like fossil fuel • Unreliable against disasters
• Low cost for O&M • Centralization (on grid)
• Low-cost mobilization and demobilization
• Reliable against disasters
• Decentralization (off grid, micro grid/remote area)
THANK YOU