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    This document provides an introduction to machine learning. It defines machine learning as a set of tools for making inferences and predictions from data without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning works by learning patterns from existing data and applying those patterns to new data. It is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses an interdisciplinary approach of statistics and computer science. The document also discusses how machine learning is often used as an important tool for data science work, which focuses on discovering insights from data. It provides examples of common machine learning tasks like prediction, inference, and pattern recognition. Finally, it outlines the typical machine learning workflow of extracting features from data, splitting into training and test sets, training a model, and evaluating performance.

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    Chapter 1

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    xama
    8 views51 pages
    This document provides an introduction to machine learning. It defines machine learning as a set of tools for making inferences and predictions from data without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning works by learning patterns from existing data and applying those patterns to new data. It is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses an interdisciplinary approach of statistics and computer science. The document also discusses how machine learning is often used as an important tool for data science work, which focuses on discovering insights from data. It provides examples of common machine learning tasks like prediction, inference, and pattern recognition. Finally, it outlines the typical machine learning workflow of extracting features from data, splitting into training and test sets, training a model, and evaluating performance.

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    This document provides an introduction to machine learning. It defines machine learning as a set of tools for making inferences and predictions from data without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning works by learning patterns from existing data and applying those patterns to new data. It is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses an interdisciplinary approach of statistics and computer science. The document also discusses how machine learning is often used as an important tool for data science work, which focuses on discovering insights from data. It provides examples of common machine learning tasks like prediction, inference, and pattern recognition. Finally, it outlines the typical machine learning workflow of extracting features from data, splitting into training and test sets, training a model, and evaluating performance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views51 pages

    Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    xama
    This document provides an introduction to machine learning. It defines machine learning as a set of tools for making inferences and predictions from data without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning works by learning patterns from existing data and applying those patterns to new data. It is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses an interdisciplinary approach of statistics and computer science. The document also discusses how machine learning is often used as an important tool for data science work, which focuses on discovering insights from data. It provides examples of common machine learning tasks like prediction, inference, and pattern recognition. Finally, it outlines the typical machine learning workflow of extracting features from data, splitting into training and test sets, training a model, and evaluating performance.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 51

    What is machine

    learning?
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G

    Lis Sulmont
    Curriculum Manager, DataCamp
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING
    Artificial intelligence (AI)

    A huge set of tools for making computers


    behave intelligently

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Artificial intelligence (AI)

    A huge set of tools for making computers


    behave intelligently

    Machine learning is the most prevalent subset


    of AI

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Defining machine learning:
    A set of tools for making inferences and predictions from data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Defining machine learning: what can it do?
    Predict future events
    Will it rain tomorrow?
    Yes (75% probability)

    Infer the causes of events and behaviors


    Why does it rain?
    Time of the year, humidity levels, temperature, location, etc

    Infer patterns
    What are the different types of weather conditions?
    Rain, sunny, overcast, fog, etc

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Defining machine learning: how does it work?
    Interdisciplinary mix of statistics and computer science
    Ability to learn without being explicitly programmed

    Learn patterns from existing data and applies it to new data

    Relies on high-quality data

    ... more to come throughout the course!

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Data science

    Data science is about discovering and


    communicating insights from data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Data science

    Data science is about making discoveries and


    creating insights from data

    Machine learning is often an important tool


    for data science work

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Machine learning model
    A statistical representation of a real-world process based on data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Machine learning model
    A statistical representation of a real-world process based on data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Machine learning model
    A statistical representation of a real-world process based on data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Machine learning model
    A statistical representation of a real-world process based on data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Let's practice!
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G
    Machine learning
    concepts
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G

    Lis Sulmont
    Curriculum Manager, DataCamp
    Three types of machine learning

    1) Reinforcement learning
    2) Supervised learning
    3) Unsupervised learning

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Training data
    Training data: existing data to learn from
    Training a model: when a model is being built from training data
    Can take nanoseconds to weeks

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    After training (supervised learning)

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    After training (supervised learning)

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    After training (supervised learning)

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Supervised vs unsupervised learning
    Supervised learning
    Training data is "labeled"

    Unsupervised learning
    Training data only has features

    Useful for:
    Anomaly detection

    Clustering, e.g., dividing data into


    groups

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Unsupervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Unsupervised learning training data

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    After training (unsupervised learning)

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Unsupervised Learning
    In reality, data doesn't always come with labels
    Requires manual labor to label

    Labels are unknown

    No labels: model is unsupervised and finds its own patterns

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Let's practice!
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G
    Machine learning
    workflow
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G

    Lis Sulmont
    Curriculum Manager, DataCamp
    Machine learning workflow

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Our scenario
    Our dataset: NYC property sales from 2015-
    2019

    Includes:

    Square feet

    Neighborhood

    Year built

    Sale price

    And more!

    Our target: Sale price

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 1: Extract features

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 2: Split dataset

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 3: Train model

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 3: Train model

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 4: Evaluate

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 4: Evaluate

    Test dataset: "unseen" data

    Many ways to evaluate:


    What is the average error of the predictions?

    What percent of apartments did the model accurately predict within a 10% margin?

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 4: Evaluate

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 4: Evaluate

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Step 4: Evaluate

    If not, tune the model and re-train it:


    e.g., change the model's options, add/remove features

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Machine learning workflow

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Summary of steps
    1. Extract features
    Choosing features and manipulating the dataset

    2. Split dataset
    Train and test dataset

    3. Train model
    Input train dataset into a machine learning model

    4. Evaluate
    If desired performance isn't reached: tune the model and repeat Step 3

    UNDERSTANDING MACHINE LEARNING


    Let's practice!
    U N D E R S TA N D I N G M A C H I N E L E A R N I N G

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