Microsoft Excel

Session 1 | Beginners Level

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the chapter, students must be able
to:
1. Understand the basic interface and
components of Microsoft Excel, including the
ribbon, tabs, cells, and worksheets.
2. Learn how to create, format, and edit data in
Excel spreadsheets, including entering text,
and numbers.
3. Understand the importance of formatting in
Excel and learn how to format cells, rows,
columns, and sheets for readability and clarity.
INTRODUCTION
What is Microsoft Excel?

• It is used to create, organize,

manipulate, and analyze data using
electronic spreadsheets.
• Excel allows users to perform
complex calculations, generate
charts and graphs, and create
reports and presentations based on
data.
What is Microsoft Excel?

• It is widely used in various

industries such as finance,
accounting, marketing, and
research, among others, to manage
and analyze large volumes of data.
With its advanced features and
functionalities, Excel has become
an essential tool for data
management and analysis.
History of Microsoft Excel

• It was first released in 1985 for the

Macintosh computer. It was
developed by Microsoft Corporation,
a multinational technology
company based in Redmond,
Washington, USA.
History of Microsoft Excel

• In 1987, Excel was released for the

Windows operating system, which
expanded its user base significantly.
Over the years, Microsoft continued
to improve Excel by adding new
features and functionalities such as
pivot tables, conditional formatting,
and automation tools.
History of Microsoft Excel

• Today, Excel is part of the Microsoft

Office suite and is used by millions
of people worldwide. It has become
an essential tool for businesses,
government agencies, non-profit
organizations, and individuals for
data management, analysis, and
reporting.
Major Versions of MS Excel:

1. Excel 1.0 (1985) - The first version of Excel released for

Macintosh.
2. Excel 2.0 (1987) - The first version of Excel released for
Windows.
3. Excel 3.0 (1990) - Introduced support for Visual Basic for
Applications (VBA).
4. Excel 4.0 (1992) - Added support for 3D charts and improved
printing capabilities.
5. Excel 5.0 (1993) - Introduced support for Windows NT and
added new features such as AutoFilter and conditional
formatting.
6. Excel 95 (1995) - Included support for the long file names in
Windows 95 and added new features such as VBA and the
ability to have multiple undo levels.
7. Excel 97 (1997) - Included support for new features such as
pivot tables, smart tags, and Office Assistant.
8. Excel 2000 (2000) - Added support for HTML and XML formats
and introduced the new Excel Web Query feature.
Major Versions of MS Excel:

• Excel 2002 (XP) (2001) - Added support for Tablet PCs and Smart
Tags.
• Excel 2003 (2003) - Included improved XML support and
introduced new features such as List View and Page Layout
View.
• Excel 2007 (2007) - Introduced the new Office Fluent user
interface, which replaced the traditional menu system, and
added support for new features such as Excel Services and
conditional formatting with data bars.
• Excel 2010 (2010) - Included new features such as Slicers,
Sparklines, and improved PivotTables.
• Excel 2013 (2013) - Included new features such as Quick
Analysis, Flash Fill, and improvements to PivotTables.
Major Versions of MS Excel:

• Excel 2016 (2016) - Included new features such as Tell Me,

Smart Lookup, and improvements to collaboration and
sharing.
• Excel 2019 (2018) - Included new features such as new
chart types, 3D mapping, and improvements to data
analysis.
• Excel for Microsoft 365 (formerly Office 365) - The latest
version of Excel that is continually updated with new
features and improvements. It includes features such as
co-authoring, artificial intelligence-powered data analysis,
and integration with other Microsoft 365 applications.
Importance of Microsoft Excel in
Data Management and Analysis

1. Organization 2. Calculation 3. Visualization

It allows users to It has a wide range of It allows users to
organize data in rows mathematical create charts and
and columns, making functions and graphs that help
it easy to manage and formulas that enable visualize data and
manipulate large users to perform identify patterns
volumes of data. complex calculations and trends.
on data quickly and
accurately.

4. Analysis 5. Reporting 6. Efficiency

It has powerful data It can generate reports It automates many
analysis tools, such as and presentations repetitive tasks,
PivotTables and based on data, making saving time and
conditional formatting, it easy to communicate increasing
which enable users to insights and findings to productivity
analyze and interpret others.
data efficiently.
MICROSOFT
EXCEL
ENVIRONMENT
Workbook
A workbook is a
collection of one or
more worksheets
that contain data,
charts, and other
information. Each
workbook is saved
as a separate file.
Extension Type
a) .xlsx: This is the default extension for Excel files
created in Excel 2007 or later.
b) .xls: This is the extension for Excel files created in
versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007.
c) .xlsm: This is the extension for Excel files that
contain macros.
d) .csv: This is a text-based format that is commonly
used to exchange data between different
applications.
e) .txt: This is a plain text file format that can be
opened and edited in Excel.
f) .xltx: This is the extension for Excel template files.
Templates are used to create new worksheets with
a predefined layout and formatting.
g) .xltm: This is the extension for Excel template files
that contain macros.
Worksheet
A worksheet is a grid of cells that
are organized into rows and
columns. Each cell can contain text,
numbers, formulas, or functions.
Worksheet
Ribbon
The ribbon is a user interface
element that contains tabs, groups,
and commands for performing
various tasks. Users can access
different features and functions by
selecting the appropriate tab and
group.
Ribbon
Each tab will have one or more
groups.
Ribbon
Some groups will have an arrow
you can click for more options.
Ribbon
Click a tab to see more commands.
Ribbon
You can adjust how the Ribbon is
displayed with the Ribbon Display
Options.
Ribbon (Home Tab)
This is the most used tab; it incorporates
all text and cell formatting features such
as font and paragraph changes. The Home
Tab also includes basic spreadsheet
formatting elements such as text wrap,
merging cells, and cell style.
Ribbon (Insert Tab)
This tab allows you to insert a variety of
items into a document from pictures, clip
art, and headers and footers.
Ribbon (Page Layout Tab)

This tab has commands to adjust page

such as margins, orientation and themes.
Ribbon (Formula Tab)
This tab has commands to use when
creating Formulas. This tab holds an
immense function library which can assist
when creating any formula or function in
your spreadsheet.
Ribbon (Data Tab)
This tab allows you to modify worksheets
with large amounts of data by sorting and
filtering as well as analyzing and grouping
data.
Ribbon (Review Tab)
This tab allows you to correct spelling and
grammar issues as well as set up security
protections. It also provides the track
changes and notes feature providing the
ability to make notes and changes
someone’s document.
Ribbon (View Tab)
This tab allows you to change the view of
your document including freezing or
splitting panes, viewing gridlines, and hide
cells.
Quick Access Toolbar
Located just above the Ribbon, the
Quick Access Toolbar lets you
access common commands no
matter which tab is selected. By
default, it includes the Save, Undo,
and Repeat commands. You can
add other commands depending
on your preference.
Worksheet Views
Excel provides different views,
including Normal view, Page Layout
view, and Page Break Preview view,
to help users work with their data.
Worksheet Views
1. Normal view
is the default
view for all
worksheets in
Excel.
Worksheet Views
2. Page Layout
view displays
how your
worksheets
will appear
when printed.
You can also
add headers
and footers in
this view.
Worksheet Views
3. Page Break
view allows
you to change
the location of
page breaks,
which is
especially
helpful when
printing a lot
of data from
Excel.
Columns and Rows
• Columns:
Vertical
divisions of a
worksheet
identified by
alphabetical
letters.
• Rows:
Horizontal
divisions of a
worksheet
identified by
numeric values.
Columns and Rows

• Excel 365: 1,048,576 rows

• Excel 2019: 1,048,576 rows
• Excel 2016: 1,048,576 rows
• Excel 2013: 1,048,576 rows
• Excel 2010: 1,048,576 rows
• Excel 2007: 1,048,576 rows
• Excel 2003: 65,536 rows
• The maximum number of columns, on the
other hand, is the same for all versions of
Excel, columns range from A to XFD; in total
16,384 columns
Cells
• Cells are the basic building blocks of a
worksheet.
• A cell is the intersection of a row and a
column. In other words, it's where a row
and column meet.
Cell References
• A combination of the column letter and
row number that identifies a particular
cell. For example, A1 is the reference for
the cell in the first column and first row.
Types of Cell References

1. Relative Cell Reference: When a formula

contains a relative cell reference, the
reference changes based on the relative
position of the cell that contains the
formula and the cell that is being
referenced.
Types of Cell References

2. Absolute Cell Reference: When a

formula contains an absolute cell
reference, the reference remains fixed,
regardless of the position of the cell that
contains the formula. Absolute references
are denoted by the dollar sign ($) before
the column letter and/or row number.
Types of Cell References

2. Absolute Cell Reference:

Types of Cell References

3. Mixed Cell Reference: A mixed cell

reference is a combination of relative and
absolute references, where either the
column or row reference is fixed, but the
other is relative.
Types of Cell References

3. Mixed Cell Reference:

Name Box
• A small box that is located to the left of
the Formula Bar that displays the active
cell address or range name.
Formula Bar
• A bar located above the worksheet that
displays the contents of the active cell,
including any formulas or functions.
Status Bar
• A bar located at the bottom of the Excel
window that displays information about
the current worksheet, such as the
selected cell or the sum of selected cells.
Backstage View

The backstage
view gives you
various options
for saving,
opening a file,
printing, and
sharing your
workbooks.
Backstage View
• Info: It contains information about the
current workbook.
• New: you can create a new blank
workbook or choose from a large
selection of templates.
• Open: you can open recent workbooks, as
well as workbooks saved to your
OneDrive or on your computer.
• Save: save your workbook to your
computer or to your OneDrive.
Backstage View
• Print: you can change the print settings
and print your workbook.
• Share: you can invite people to view and
collaborate on your workbook.
• Export: you can choose to export your
workbook in another format.
• Options: you can change various Excel
options, settings, and language
preferences.
Microsoft Excel
Session 1 | Beginners Level
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the chapter, students must be able
to:
1. Understand the basic interface and
components of Microsoft Excel, including the
ribbon, tabs, cells, and worksheets.
2. Learn how to create, format, and edit data in
Excel spreadsheets, including entering text,
and numbers.
3. Understand the importance of formatting in
Excel and learn how to format cells, rows,
columns, and sheets for readability and clarity.
DATA ENTRY
AND
MANIPULATION
Data Entry and Manipulation

A. Entering data in cells

B. Copying and pasting data
C. Formatting cells
D. Using AutoFill
E. Inserting and deleting rows and
columns
F. Resizing columns and rows
G. Renaming worksheets and
workbooks
H. Saving and closing workbooks
A.Entering data in cells

A. To enter data in a cell, simply click on

the cell to select it, and then type in
the data using the keyboard. As you
type, the data will appear in the cell,
and you can use the arrow keys or the
mouse to move to other cells.

B. If you need to edit the data in a cell,

simply click on the cell to select it, and
then use the backspace or delete key
to make changes. You can also use the
Formula Bar to edit or enter formulas
directly.
B. Copying and pasting data

A. To copy data, first select the cell or

range of cells that you want to copy.
Then, press the Ctrl + C keys on your
keyboard, or right-click on the selected
cells and choose the Copy option from
the context menu.

B. To paste the copied data, select the cell

or range of cells where you want to
paste the data. Then, press the Ctrl + V
keys on your keyboard, or right-click on
the cell or range and choose the Paste
option from the context menu.
 B. Copying and pasting data

• Paste: This option pastes the copied data in the

selected cell or range of cells, using the default paste
option.
• Paste Values: This option pastes only the values of the
copied data, without any formatting or formulas.
• Paste Formulas: This option pastes only the formulas
of the copied data, without any formatting or values.
• Paste Formatting: This option pastes only the
formatting of the copied data, without any values or
formulas.
• Transpose: This option transposes the rows and
columns of the copied data, which can be useful
when you need to switch the orientation of your data.
• Paste Link: This option creates a link between the
copied data and the pasted location, which means
that any changes to the original data will be reflected
in the pasted location.
C. Formatting Cells

A. To format data in a cell, select

the cell or range of cells that you
want to format, and then use the
Home tab on the Ribbon to
access various formatting
options.
D. Using AutoFill

A. To use AutoFill, simply enter the

data that you want to use as a
pattern in a cell or range of cells,
and then click and drag the fill
handle (a small square in the
bottom-right corner of the
selected cells) to the cells where
you want to fill in the pattern.
 D. Using AutoFill

• Dates: You can use AutoFill to fill in a series of dates, such

as days of the week or months of the year.
• Numbers: You can use AutoFill to fill in a series of numbers,
such as consecutive integers or multiples of a number.
• Text: You can use AutoFill to fill in a series of text values,
such as days of the week, months of the year, or other
patterns.
• Formulas: You can use AutoFill to fill in a series of formulas,
such as a series of calculations or a series of functions.
• Custom Lists: You can create your own custom lists and use
AutoFill to fill in the values from the list, such as a list of
product names or employee names.
• Fill Across Worksheets: You can use AutoFill to fill in data
across multiple worksheets, which can be useful when you
need to copy data from one worksheet to another.
E. Inserting and Deleting Rows
and Columns
Inserting Rows:
1. Select the row below where you want
to insert the new row(s).
2. Right-click and select "Insert" from
the context menu, or go to the
"Home" tab and click on the "Insert"
dropdown button and select "Insert
Sheet Rows".
3. Excel will shift the existing rows
down and insert a new row(s) above
the selected row.
E. Inserting and Deleting Rows
and Columns
Deleting Rows:
1. Select the row(s) that you want to
delete.
2. Right-click and select "Delete" from
the context menu, or go to the
"Home" tab and click on the "Delete"
dropdown button and select "Delete
Sheet Rows".
3. Excel will delete the selected row(s)
and shift the remaining rows up to fill
the gap.
E. Inserting and Deleting Rows
and Columns
Inserting Columns:
1. Select the column to the right of
where you want to insert the new
column(s).
2. Right-click and select "Insert" from
the context menu, or go to the
"Home" tab and click on the "Insert"
dropdown button and select "Insert
Sheet Columns".
3. Excel will shift the existing columns
to the right and insert a new
column(s) to the left of the selected
column.
E. Inserting and Deleting Rows
and Columns
Deleting Columns:
1. Select the column(s) that you want to
delete.
2. Right-click and select "Delete" from
the context menu, or go to the
"Home" tab and click on the "Delete"
dropdown button and select "Delete
Sheet Columns".
3. Excel will delete the selected
column(s) and shift the remaining
columns to the left to fill the gap.
F. Resizing Rows and Columns

Resizing Columns:
1. Select the column(s) that you want to
resize.
2. Place your mouse cursor on the right
edge of the column header until it
turns into a double-sided arrow.
3. Click and drag the column header to
the left or right to adjust the width of
the column.
4. Release the mouse button when the
column is the desired width.
F. Resizing Rows and Columns

Resizing Rows:
1. Select the row(s) that you want to
resize.
2. Place your mouse cursor on the
bottom edge of the row header until
it turns into a double-sided arrow.
3. Click and drag the row header up or
down to adjust the height of the row.
4. Release the mouse button when the
row is the desired height.
G. Renaming Worksheets & Workbooks

Renaming Worksheets:
1. Right-click on the sheet tab that you
want to rename.
2. Select "Rename" from the context
menu, or double-click on the sheet tab
to activate the rename mode.
3. Type a new name for the worksheet and
press Enter.
G. Renaming Worksheets & Workbooks

Renaming Workbooks:
1. Click on the "File" tab in the top left
corner of the Excel window.
2. Select "Save As" from the left-hand
menu.
3. Choose a new name for the workbook in
the "File name" field.
4. Click "Save" to save the workbook with
the new name.
H. Saving and Closing Workbooks

Saving Workbook:
1. Click on the "File" tab in the top left
corner of the Excel window.
2. Select "Save" or "Save As" from the left-
hand menu.
3. Choose the location where you want to
save the file, and type a name for the
workbook in the "File name" field.
4. Click "Save" to save the workbook.
H. Saving and Closing Workbooks

Closing Workbook:
1. Click on the "File" tab in the top left corner
of the Excel window.
2. Select "Close" from the left-hand menu, or
click on the "X" button in the top right
corner of the window.
3. If you have unsaved changes, you will be
prompted to save them before closing the
file.
4. Click "Yes" to save your changes and close
the workbook, or "No" to discard the
changes and close the workbook without
saving.
Microsoft Excel
Session 1 | Beginners Level
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the chapter, students must be able
to:
1. Understand the basic interface and
components of Microsoft Excel, including the
ribbon, tabs, cells, and worksheets.
2. Learn how to create, format, and edit data in
Excel spreadsheets, including entering text,
and numbers.
3. Understand the importance of formatting in
Excel and learn how to format cells, rows,
columns, and sheets for readability and clarity.
BASIC
FORMULAS
AND
FUNCTIONS
 Basic Formulas and Functions

A. Understanding formulas and

functions
B. Simple arithmetic functions and
Formulas
C. Absolute and relative references
D. Using functions to manipulate
text
E. Using functions to manipulate
dates and times
A. Understanding Formulas and
Functions

Formulas:
• A formula is a mathematical equation that
you create in a cell using cell references

Functions:
• A function is a built-in formula that performs
a specific calculation, such as adding up a
range of cells or calculating an average.
• Functions in Excel always begin with an
equal sign (=), followed by the function name
and any required arguments.
B. Simple Arithmetic Functions
and Formulas
• SUM: This function adds up a range of cells.
The syntax for SUM is =SUM(range) where
"range" is the range of cells you want to add
up.
• AVERAGE: This function calculates the average
of a range of cells. The syntax for AVERAGE is
=AVERAGE(range) where "range" is the range
of cells you want to average.
• MAX: This function returns the highest value in
a range of cells. The syntax for MAX is
=MAX(range) where "range" is the range of
cells you want to find the maximum value of.
• MIN: This function returns the lowest value in a
range of cells. The syntax for MIN is
=MIN(range) where "range" is the range of cells
you want to find the minimum value of.
B. Simple Arithmetic Functions
and Formulas
• COUNT: This function counts the number of cells in
a range that contain numbers. The syntax for
COUNT is =COUNT(range) where "range" is the
range of cells you want to count.
• COUNTIF: This function counts the number of cells
in a range that meet a specified criterion. The
syntax for COUNTIF is =COUNTIF(range,criteria)
where "range" is the range of cells you want to
count and "criteria" is the condition that must be
met.
 B. Simple Arithmetic Functions
and Formulas
• SUMIF: This function adds up the values in a range
of cells that meet a specified criterion. The syntax
for SUMIF is =SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)
where "range" is the range of cells you want to
evaluate, "criteria" is the condition that must be
met, and "sum_range" is the range of cells you
want to add up.
• AVERAGEIF: This function calculates the average of
the values in a range of cells that meet a specified
criterion. The syntax for AVERAGEIF is
=AVERAGEIF(range,criteria,average_range) where
"range" is the range of cells you want to evaluate,
"criteria" is the condition that must be met, and
"average_range" is the range of cells you want to
average.
C. Absolute and Relative
References
D. Using Functions to
Manipulate Text

LEFT function: This function returns a

specified number of characters from the
beginning of a text string.
The syntax is:
=LEFT(text, num_chars)

RIGHT function: This function returns a

specified number of characters from the end
of a text string.
The syntax is:
=RIGHT(text, num_chars)
D. Using Functions to
Manipulate Text

LEN function: This function returns the

number of characters in a text string.
The syntax is:
=LEN(text)

CONCATENATE function: This function

combines two or more text strings into
one.
The syntax is:
=CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...)
D. Using Functions to
Manipulate Text

LEN function: This function returns the

number of characters in a text string.
The syntax is:
=LEN(text)

CONCATENATE function: This function

combines two or more text strings into
one.
The syntax is:
=CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...)
D. Using Functions to
Manipulate Text

SUBSTITUTE function: This function

replaces all occurrences of a specified text
string within a larger text string.
The syntax is:
=SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text,
[instance_num])
E. Using Functions to
manipulate Dates and Times

DATE function: This function returns the

date based on year, month, and day
values. The syntax is:
=DATE(year, month, day)

TODAY function: This function returns the

current date.
The syntax is:
=TODAY()
E. Using Functions to
manipulate Dates and Times

NOW function: This function returns the

current date and time.
The syntax is:
=DATE(year, month, day)

YEAR function: This function returns the

year from a given date.
The syntax is:
=YEAR(date)
E. Using Functions to
manipulate Dates and Times

MONTH function: This function returns the

month from a given date.
The syntax is:
=MONTH(date)

DAY function: This function returns the

day from a given date.
The syntax is:
=YEAR(date)
E. Using Functions to
manipulate Dates and Times
HOUR function: This function returns the hour from a given
time.
The syntax is:
=HOUR(time)

MINUTE function: This function returns the minute from a

given time.
The syntax is:
=MINUTE(time)

SECOND function: This function returns the second from a

given time.
The syntax is:
=SECOND(time)
 Sorting and Filtering Data

A. Sorting data by one or multiple

columns
B. Applying filters to data
C. Creating custom filters
D. Clearing filters and sorting
A. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns

Sorting Data by One Column:

1. Select the range of cells that you want to
sort.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and
click on "Sort".
3. In the "Sort" dialog box, select the column
you want to sort by from the "Sort by"
drop-down list.
4. Choose the sort order you want to apply,
such as ascending or descending.
5. Click "OK" to apply the sorting.
A. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns
Sorting Data by Multiple Columns:
1. Select the range of cells that you want to sort.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click on "Sort".
3. In the "Sort" dialog box, select the first column you
want to sort by from the "Sort by" drop-down list.
4. Choose the sort order you want to apply, such as
ascending or descending.
5. Click "Add Level" to add another sorting level.
6. Select the second column you want to sort by from the
"Then by" drop-down list.
7. Choose the sort order you want to apply.
8. Repeat steps 5-7 for additional sorting levels.
9. Click "OK" to apply the sorting.
B. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns

1. Select the range of cells that you want to

filter.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Filter".
3. You will see arrows appear next to each
column header. Click on the arrow for the
column you want to filter.
4. Choose the filter criteria you want to apply,
such as "equals", "greater than", or "contains".
5. Select the options you want to include in the
filter, such as specific text or numerical values.
6. Click "OK" to apply the filter.
C. Creating Custom Filters

1. Select the range of cells that you want to filter.

2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click on "Filter".
3. You will see arrows appear next to each column
header. Click on the arrow for the column you want to
filter.
4. Choose the "Filter by Color" or "Filter by Condition"
option.
5. For "Filter by Color", select the color you want to filter
by.
6. For "Filter by Condition", select the condition you want
to apply, such as "equals", "greater than", or "less than".
7. Select the value or values you want to filter by.
8. Click "OK" to apply the filter.
D. Clear Filter and Sorting

To Clear Filters:
1. To clear filters, select any cell within the
filtered range.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Clear" in the "Sort & Filter" group.
3. Select "Clear Filter" to remove all filters, or
"Clear Filter from [Column Name]" to remove
the filter from a specific column.
D. Clear Filter and Sorting

To Clear Sorting:
1. Select any cell within the range that has been
sorted.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Clear" in the "Sort & Filter" group.
3. Select "Clear Sorting" to remove all sorting.
Microsoft Excel
Session 1 | Beginners Level
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the chapter, students must be able
to:
1. Understand the basic interface and
components of Microsoft Excel, including the
ribbon, tabs, cells, and worksheets.
2. Learn how to create, format, and edit data in
Excel spreadsheets, including entering text,
and numbers.
3. Understand the importance of formatting in
Excel and learn how to format cells, rows,
columns, and sheets for readability and clarity.
SORTING AND
FILTERING
DATA
 Sorting and Filtering Data

A. Sorting data by one or multiple

columns
B. Applying filters to data
C. Creating custom filters
D. Clearing filters and sorting
A. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns

Sorting Data by One Column:

1. Select the range of cells that you want to
sort.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and
click on "Sort".
3. In the "Sort" dialog box, select the column
you want to sort by from the "Sort by"
drop-down list.
4. Choose the sort order you want to apply,
such as ascending or descending.
5. Click "OK" to apply the sorting.
A. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns
Sorting Data by Multiple Columns:
1. Select the range of cells that you want to sort.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click on "Sort".
3. In the "Sort" dialog box, select the first column you
want to sort by from the "Sort by" drop-down list.
4. Choose the sort order you want to apply, such as
ascending or descending.
5. Click "Add Level" to add another sorting level.
6. Select the second column you want to sort by from the
"Then by" drop-down list.
7. Choose the sort order you want to apply.
8. Repeat steps 5-7 for additional sorting levels.
9. Click "OK" to apply the sorting.
B. Sorting Data by One or
Multiple Columns

1. Select the range of cells that you want to

filter.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Filter".
3. You will see arrows appear next to each
column header. Click on the arrow for the
column you want to filter.
4. Choose the filter criteria you want to apply,
such as "equals", "greater than", or "contains".
5. Select the options you want to include in the
filter, such as specific text or numerical values.
6. Click "OK" to apply the filter.
C. Creating Custom Filters

1. Select the range of cells that you want to filter.

2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click on "Filter".
3. You will see arrows appear next to each column
header. Click on the arrow for the column you want to
filter.
4. Choose the "Filter by Color" or "Filter by Condition"
option.
5. For "Filter by Color", select the color you want to filter
by.
6. For "Filter by Condition", select the condition you want
to apply, such as "equals", "greater than", or "less than".
7. Select the value or values you want to filter by.
8. Click "OK" to apply the filter.
D. Clear Filter and Sorting

To Clear Filters:
1. To clear filters, select any cell within the
filtered range.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Clear" in the "Sort & Filter" group.
3. Select "Clear Filter" to remove all filters, or
"Clear Filter from [Column Name]" to remove
the filter from a specific column.
D. Clear Filter and Sorting

To Clear Sorting:
1. Select any cell within the range that has been
sorted.
2. Go to the "Data" tab on the ribbon and click
on "Clear" in the "Sort & Filter" group.
3. Select "Clear Sorting" to remove all sorting.