ASTM A 182/A 182M 96

Forged or Rolled Alloy - Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High Temperature Service This specification covers forged low alloy and stainless steel piping components for use in pressure systems. These include flanges, fittings, valves and similar parts manufactured to dimensional standards such as ASME/ANSI. Products made to this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10,000 lb (4,540 kg). Note - Although low allow steels are covered by this standard, only stainless steels (martensitic, ferritic, austenitic and duplex) are included in this summary. Dimensions and Tolerances Dimensions and Tolerances. ASME/ANSI specifications B16.5 and B16.11 are referenced. - Flange Dimensions and Tolerances are covered in Section 8 (see page 8-1).

Manufacture
Materials. Refer to chemical composition table. (stainless steel grades only shown). Elements not specified in the table are not permitted, specifically selenium or other elements added for free-machining properties. The steel may be melted by electric-furnace, or vacuum-furnace, or by either of these followed by vacuum or electroslagconsumable remelting. Vacuum melting or remelting is not suitable for grades containing or modified by nitrogen. Grade F XM-27Cb may be electron-beam melted. Manufacture. The steel is forged or rolled as near as possible to size and shape of the product. Small cylindrical parts (excluding flanges) may be machined directly from forged or rolled bar without additional hot working (limits defined in ASTM A 234 apply for martensitic steels, in A 403 for austenitic steels and A 815 for duplex steels). Elbows, returns and tees are not machined directly from bar. Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment table. Heat treatment of forgings may be performed before machining. For martensitic and ferritic grades, liquid quench followed by tempering is permitted, subject to purchaser agreement. Small cylindrical parts (excluding flanges) machined directly from forged or rolled austenitic steel may be furnished annealed to this specification with subsequent light cold drawing or straightening permitted. (See also S9). Marking. Each forging is marked with manufacturers name, heat number (or heat identification), designation of service rating, specification number, grade (e.g. F 304) and size. Additionally: QT = Liquid quenched and tempered W = Welded WNS = Not post repair weld heat treated.

Finish and Repair

Appearance. Forgings have a workmanlike finish and shall be free of scale, machining burns and injurous, imperfections (i.e. those that encroach on minimum wall thickness). Defect repair by grinding or machining. The following may be removed: - Surface discontinuity as above. - Mechanical marks, abrasions or pits deeper than 1/16 in (1.6 mm). Defect repair by welding: - Permitted unless purchaser prohibits (S7). - Defect removal by chipping or grinding is verified by magnetic particle inspection. - Repair is limited to 10% of surface area and 331/3% of nominal wall thickness. - Repair welding electrodes and post weld repair heat treatments are defined in A 182 but are not detailed in this summary.

Ordering Information
Item Specification number Quantity Size and pressure class or dimensions Grade Additional Requirements ASTM A 182/A 182M - 96 Number of fittings Manufacturing standard (e.g. ASME/ANSI B16.5, B16.11) Refer to chemical composition table See optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S15 Notes

Mandatory Testing
Heat analysis. Each heat or furnace ladle of steel to be analysed. Results to conform to chemical composition table. Tension Test. One specimen tested from each heat. Specimen to be heat treated with the product. Hardness Test. Applicable to martensitic, ferritic and duplex stainless steels only. Two pieces tested per batch, minimum. Grain Size. Applicable to the following grades. - Grades F304H, F309H, F310H and F316H shall be No 6 or coarser. - Grade F321H, F347H and F348H shall be No 7 or coarser.

Optional and Supplementary Requirements

Approval of Drawings. Manufacturer may be required to submit drawings showing rough forging before machining and exact location of test specimen. Inspection by Purchaser. The purchaser may inspect the manufacture and testing of products, provided inspection does not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. S1 Micro-etch. A sample forging shall be sectioned and etched to show flow lines and internal imperfections. Test details to be agreed with purchaser. S1 Product Analysis. A product analysis made from one representative forging of each size and shape. Each forging checked following failure. Test results reported to purchaser. S1 Tension Tests. One tension specimen obtained from specified location on one representative forging from each heat as agreed with purchaser. S1 Magnetic Particle Examination. All accessible surfaces of the finished forging to be examined in accordance with Test Method A 275/A 275M, as agreed with purchaser. S1 Liquid Penetrant Examination. All accessible surfaces to be examined in accordance with Practice E 165, as agreed with the purchaser. S1 Hydrostatic Testing. Pressure agreed with purchaser. S1 Repair Welding. No repair welding to be permitted without approval of the purchaser. S1 Heat Treatment Details. Test report details of heat treating cycle required. S1 Material for Optimum Resistance to Stress- Corrosion Cracking. Austenitic stainless steel to be furnished in solutionannealed condition with no subsequent cold working. Straightening of bars from which parts are machined is permitted unless prohibited by purchaser. S1 Corrosion Tests. Austenitic and ferritic stainless steels shall pass intergranular corrosion tests in accordance with Practice E of Practice A 262. The number of specimens and their source and location are to be agreed with purchaser. S1 Special Filler Metal. In repair welded F316, F316L, F316H, and F316N forgings, the deposited weld metal shall conform to E308 composition wire. Forgings repair welded with E308 weld metal shall be marked F___ W308. S1 Hardness Test. Each forging to be tested to meet requirements of hardness table. S1 Alternate Heat Treatment (Grade F91). Nonstainless grade F91 is not covered in this summary. S1 Heat Treatment of Austenitic Forgings. Treatment specified by purchaser. Test report to be supplied by manufacturer. S1 Grain Size for Austenitic Grades. Forgings made from austenitic grades other than H grades to be tested in accordance with Test Method E 112 for average grain size as agreed with purchaser.

Tensile and Hardness Requirements

Tensile Strength min ksi Martensitic Stainless Steels: F6a S41000 70 Class 1 F6a S41000 85 Class 2 F6a S41000 110 Class 3 F6a S41000 130 Class 4 F6b S41026 110-135 F6NM S41500 115 Ferritic Stainless Steels: FXMS44627 60 27Cb MPa 485 585 760 895 760-930 790 415 Elongation in 2 in (50 mm) or 4D, min % 18 18 15 12 16 15 20.0 Brinell Hardness HB Reduction of area, min % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 143-187 167-229 235-302 263-321 235-285 295 max 190 max

Grade

UNS

Yield Strength1 min ksi 40 55 85 110 90 90 35 MPa 275 380 585 760 620 620 240

F429 S42900 60 F430 S43000 60 Austenitic Stainless Steels: All All 752 F304L F304N F316L F316N S30403 S30451 S31603 S31651 703 80 70 80

415 415 5152 4853 550 485 550 485 620 690 550 650 600 540 525 550 795 500 690-900 620 690 8006 800 750-895 820 65 65 70 806 80 80 85

35 35 30 25 35 25 35 25 50 55 30 44 45 35 30 35 60 27 450 450 485 5506 550 550 585

240 240 205 170 240 170 240 170 345 380 205 300 310 240 205 240 415 185

20.0 20.0 30 30 304 30 304 30 45 35 30 35 40 40.0 40.0 40.0 35 30 25 25 15 15 15 25.0 25

45.0 45.0 50 50 505 50 505 50 60 55 50 50 50 50.0 50.0 50.0 40 35 50 45 30 45 50

190 max 190 max 310 max 310 max -

F317L S31703 70 FXMS21904 90 11 FXMS20910 100 19 F10 S33100 80 F44 S31254 94 F45 S30815 87 F46 S30600 78 F47 S31725 75 F48 S31726 80 F49 S34565 115 F56 S33228 73 Duplex Stainless Steels F50 S31200 100130 F51 S31803 90 F52 S32950 100 F53 S32750 1166 F54 F55 F57 S32740 S32760 S39277 116 109130 118

Notes 1 Determined by the 0.2% offset method. For ferritic steels only, the 0.5% extension-under-load method may also be used. 2 For sections over 5 in. [130 mm] in thickness, the minimum tensile strength shall be 70 ksi [485 MPa]. 3 For sections over 5 in. [130 mm] in thickness, the minimum tensile strength shall be 65 ksi [450 MPa]. 4 Longitudinal. The transverse elongation shall be 25% in 2 in. or 50 mm, min. 5 Longitudinal. The transverse reduction of area shall be 45% min. 6 For sections over 2 in. [50 mm] in thickness, the minimum tensile strength shall be 109 ksi [750 MPa]; the minimum yield strength shall be 75 ksi [515 MPa]. - All = All austenitic grades as listed in the chemical composition table except as identified in this table.

Heat Treatment
Temperature Grade UNS Heat Treatment F min Martensitic Stainless Steels: F6a Class 1 F6a Class 2 F6a Class 3 F6a Class 4 F6b F6NM S41000 Anneal Normalise & temper Temper Anneal Normalise & temper Temper Anneal Normalise & temper Anneal Normalise & temper Anneal Normalise & temper Normalise & temper NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS 955 955 1010 Furnace Cool Air Cool NA Furnace Cool Air Cool NA Furnace Cool Air Cool Furnace Cool Air Cool Furnace Cool Air Cool Air Cool NA 400 NA NA 205 NA NA 1325 1325 NA 725 725 NA 675 675 Cooling Media Quench Cool below C min F C Tempering Temp F min C min

NA 400 NA

NA 205 NA

NA 1250 1250

S41000

S41000

NS NS

NA 400

NA 205

NA 1100

NA 595

S41000 S41026 S41500

NS NS 1750 1750 1850

NA 400 NA 400 200

NA 205 NA 205 95

NA 1000 NA 1150 1040-1120

NA 540 NA 620 560-600

Ferritic Stainless Steels: FXM27Cb F429 F430 S44627 S42900 S43000 Anneal Anneal Anneal Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench Solution treat & quench 1850 1850 NS 1010 1010 NS Furnace Cool Furnace Cool Furnace Cool NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Austenitic Stainless Steels1: All F321H F347H F348H F44 F46 F49 F56 All S32109 S34709 S34809 S31254 S30600 S34565 S33228 1900 1925 1925 2000 2100 20102140 2050 20502160 1040 1050 1050 1100 1150 11001140 1120 11201180 Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Duplex Stainless Steels: Solution treat & F50 S31200 quench Solution treat & F51 S31803 quench Solution treat2& F52 S32950 quench Solution treat & F53 S32750 quench Solution treat & F54 S32740 quench Solution treat & F55 S32760 quench Solution treat & F57 S39277 quench

1925 1870 18251875 1880 19202060 20102085 1940

1050 1020 9951025 1025 10501125 11001140 1060

Liquid Liquid Water Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid

500 500 NS 500 500 500 175

260 260 NS 260 260 260 80

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Notes 1 Austenitic grades (except grades F304H, F316H, F321, F321H, F347, F347H, F348, F348H) may be individually quenched following hot working of a forging while its temperature is not less than the minimum solution treating temperature. 2 Solution treated for 30 min/in of thickness, at temperature within range as stated in table. - NA = Not Applicable. - NS = Not Specified. - All = All austenitic grades as listed in the chemical composition table except as identified. - Post weld repair heat treatment is not covered in this summary. Refer to the full specification for these details. Duplex grades do not require post weld repair heat treatment.

Chemical Composition
Grade UNS
&DUERn 0DQJDQHVe 3KRVSKRUXs 6XOSKXr

Mn

6LOLFRn Si

1LFNHl Ni

&KURPLXm

0RO\EGHQXm

Composition Percentage, max or range 1.00 1.0 0.60 0.40 0.75 0.75 0.50 1.0-2.0 3.5-5.5 0.50 0.50 0.50

Cr

Mo Note

Martensitic Stainless Steels: F6a F6b F6NM FXM-27Cb F429 F430 S41000 S41026 S41500 S44627 S42900 S43000 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.01 0.12 0.12 1.00 1.00 0.50-1.00 0.40 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.02 0.030 0.020 0.040 0.040 0.030 0.02 0.030 0.020 0.030 0.030 11.5-13.5 11.5-13.5 11.5-14.0 25.0-27.5 14.0-16.0 16.0-18.0 0.40-0.60 0.5-1.0 0.75-1.50 2 1

Ferritic Stainless Steels:

Austenitic Stainless Steels: F304 F304H F304L F304N F304LN F310 F316 F316H F316L F316N F316LN F317 F317L F321 F321H F347 F347H F348 F348H FXM-11 FXM-19 F10 F44 F45 F46 F47 F48 F49 F56 S30400 S30409 S30403 S30451 S30453 S31000 S31600 S31609 S31603 S31651 S31653 S31700 S31703 S32100 S32109 S34700 S34709 S34800 S34809 S21904 S20910 S33100 S31254 S30815 S30600 S31725 S31726 S34565 S33228 0.08 0.040.10 0.035 0.08 0.030 0.15 0.08 0.040.10 0.035 0.08 0.030 0.08 0.03 0.080 0.040.10 0.08 0.040.10 0.08 0.040.10 0.040 0.06 0.100.20 0.020 0.050.10 0.018 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.040.08 0.030 0.030 0.03 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.005 if <0.030, 0.01 if <0.20 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 8.0-10.0 4.0-6.0 0.50-0.80 1.00 0.80 2.00 2.00 2.00 5.0-7.0 1.00 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.060 0.040 0.040 0.030 0.040 0.020 0.045 0.045 0.030 0.020 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.010 0.030 0.020 0.030 0.030 0.010 0.015 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00-1.40 0.80 1.40-2.00 3.7-4.3 0.75 0.75 1.00 0.30 8.0-11.0 8.0-11.0 8.0-13.0 8.0-10.5 8.0-10.5 19.0-22.0 10.0-14.0 10.0-14.0 10.0-15.0 11.0-14.0 11.0-14.0 11.0-15.0 11.0-15.0 9.0-12.0 9.0-12.0 9.0-13.0 9.0-13.0 9.0-13.0 9.0-13.0 5.5-7.5 11.5-13.5 19.0-22.0 17.5-18.5 10.0-12.0 14.0-15.5 13.0-17.5 13.5-17.5 16.0-18.0 31.0-33.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 24.0-26.0 16.0-18.0 16.0-18.0 16.0-18.0 16.0-18.0 16.0-18.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 17.0 17.0 17.0-20.0 17.0-20.0 17.0-20.0 17.0-20.0 19.0-21.5 20.5-23.5 7.0-9.0 19.5-20.5 20.0-22.0 17.0-18.5 18.0-20.0 17.0-20.0 23.0-25.0 26.0-28.0 0.20 4.0-5.0 4.0-5.0 4.0-5.0 1.2-2.0 2.5-3.5 1.00-2.50 3.0-5.0 2.50-3.50 3.00-4.00 3.0-4.0 0.03 if <0.60, 0.05 if <2.00, 0.10 if <7.00 8 9 10 11 6.0-6.5 6 7 2.00-3.00 2.00-3.00 2.00-3.00 2.00-3.00 2.00-3.00 3.0-4.0 3.0-4.0 1.50-3.00 21 22 23 24 3,23 3,24 4 5 19 20 20 19 19 20 20 19

Duplex Stainless Steels F50 F51 F52 F53 F54 F55 S31200 S31803 S32950 S32750 S39274 S32760 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.2 1.0 1.00 0.80 0.03 if <1.00, 0.04 if <3.00, 0.05 if <6.00, 0.06 if <10.00 0.045 0.030 0.035 0.035 0.030 0.030 0.025 0.005 0.030 0.020 0.010 0.020 0.020 0.010 0.002 0.005 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.8 0.80 1.00 0.80 0.05 if <1.00, 0.10 if <5.00 5.5-6.5 4.5-6.5 3.5-5.2 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 6.00-8.00 6.5-8.0 0.03 if <1.00, 0.07 if <5.00, 0.10 if <10.00, 0.15 if <20.00, 0.20 if <22.00 24.0-26.0 21.0-23.0 26.0-29.0 24.0-26.0 24.0-26.0 24.0026.00 24.0-26.0 0.10 if <10.00, 0.15 if <15.00, 0.20 if <20, 0.25 if <27.50 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 25

F57 S39277 Product Analysis TolerancesA (% over max or under min)

Note A The product analysis tolerances are not applicable to heat analysis.

Composition Notes
1 Copper 0.50% max 2 Nitrogen 0.015% max, Copper 0.20% max, Niobium 0.05-0.20% 3 Tantalum 0.10% max 4 Nitrogen 0.15-0.40% 5 Niobium+Tantalum: 0.10-0.30%, Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%, Vanadium 0.10-0.30% 6 Nitrogen 0.18-0.22%, Copper 0.50-1.00% 7 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, Cerium 0.03-0.08% 8 Nitrogen 0.10% max 9 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20% 10 Niobium+Tantalum: 0.10% max, Nitrogen 0.4-0.6% 11 Niobium+Tantalum: 0.6-1.0%, Cerium 0.05-0.10%, Aluminium 0.025% max 12 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20% 13 Nitrogen 0.08-0.20% 14 Nitrogen 0.15-0.35% 15 Nitrogen 0.24-0.32%, Copper 0.5% max 16 Nitrogen 0.24-0.32%, Copper 0.20-0.80%, Tungsten 1.50-2.50% 17 Nitrogen 0.20-0.30%, Copper 0.50-1.00%, Tungsten 0.50-1.00% 18 Nitrogen 0.23-0.33%, Copper 1.20-2.00%, Tungsten 0.80-1.20% 19 Nitrogen 0.10% max 20 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16% 21 Titanium >5 x Carbon and Ti <0.70% 22 Titanium >4 x Carbon and Ti <0.70% 23 Niobium + Tantalum >10 times Carbon and 1.10% max 24 Niobium + Tantalum >8 times Carbon and 1.10% max 25 Tolerances (% over max or under min) for other elements are as follows: 0.05 for Titanium 0.03 for Copper if <1.00% 0.01 for Nitrogen if <0.19% 0.02 for Nitrogen if <0.25% 0.03 for Nitrogen if <0.35% 0.04 for Nitrogen if <0.45% 0.05 for Nitrogen if <0.60% 0.01 for Niobium if in range 0.05-0.20% 0.05 for Niobium+Tantalum in all ranges 0.02 for Tantalum if <0.10% 0.04 for Tungsten if <1.00% Note - Niobium is sometimes referred to as Columbium.