MATERNAL NURSING NOTES •LH- follicle rupture (ovulation)

-Progesterone – increase vascularity/blood

Obstetrics-is the field of study concentrated flow in endometrium.
on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum Estrogen - increase thickening/cell
period. proliferation in endetrium.
FOLLICLE
Organ of reproduction in male - Testes Graafian follicde -mature follicle (high in
Organ of reproduction in female - Ovaries estrogen)
Gonads-primary reproductive organs which -Corpus luteum-ruptured follicle (high in
are responsible for producing the sperm and progesterone low in estrogen)
ova. GENETIC DISORDER SCREENING &
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Genitalia-sex organs -Chorionic Villi Sampling - 10-12 weeks
Gametes-sex cells -Amniocentesis – 15-18 weeks
Analyse: ang gonads ng mga female ay Nonstress test
ovaries, whereas ang gonads ng mga males Contraction stress test
ay testes. Ano ang FETAL DEVELOPMENT
gametes ng mga female?-the answer is egg Ovum - Zygote - Blastocyst – Embryo (5-8
cell (sperm cell naman ang gametes ng weeks) – Fetus (from embryo to term).
mga male). ZYGOTE
SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE (APOR) -product of fertilization
Arousal/excitement phase-excitatory stage BLASTOCYST
Plateu-intensified stage -trophoblast – outer, later will form placenta
Orgasm-dimax, shortest stage, ejaculation -embryoblast -inner, later will form
occurs. embryo/fetus.
Resolution-decrease arousal PREGNANCY (gravida)
Ejaculation -Primigravida
Average 2.5 ml of semen (containing – first
50-200 million spem). pregnancy
OLIGOSPERMIA-Low sperm count -Multigravida - pregnant for at least a 2nd
ans: below 15 million sperm count. time.
MENSTRUATION| Glands & Hormones „Grand multigravida - pregnant five times or
•Hypothalamus - GNRH more.
APG - FSH/LH PREGNANCY DURATION
.Ovaries – estrogen/progesterone .months - 9 months
Effects -weeks – 40 weeks
-FSH – follicle maturation -days – 280 days
-trimesters – 3 trimesters Oxytocin – let-down reflex, uterine
PRENATAL PERIOD contraction.
Exercises for Pregnancy PROlactin – PROmotes breastmilk
-Walking-best exercise during pregnancy PROduction.
-Pelvic rocking-prevents/relieves backache PERINEAL LACERATION
-Kegels exercise-perineal muscle strength, -First degree: Vaginal mucous membrane
promote perineal healing (postpartum) and skin of the perineum to the fourchette
.Squatting-pelvic muscle stretch -Second degree: Vagina, perineal skin,
Nutritional Requirements fascia, levator ani muscle, and perineal
Iron: 30-60 mg body
Calcium: 1,000–1300 mg
Folic acid: 400 ug (microgram) -Third degree: Entire perineum, extending to
Vitamin A: 10,000 IU reach the external sphincter of the rectum
3 Positive Signs of Pregnancy -Fourth degree Entire perineum, rectal
Presence of fetal heart rate (FHR) sphincter, and some of the mucous
Fetal movement felt by examiner membrane
Visualization of fetus by ultrasound of the rectum
Lifespan of sperm–3 days
Lifespan of egg (ovum)–1 day DISORDERS
Age of viability – The earliest age at which Ectopic – extrauterine (sa labas ng uterus)
fetuses survive if they are born. | implantation.
-ans: 24 weeks (or 500-600 g in weight) •Common organ affected in ectopic –
EMBRYO-after implantation fallopian tube/tubal pregnancy.
•Common site of ectopic – ampulla
LABOR & DELIVERY Abruptio - early placental separation.
STAGES OF LABOR Previa - low placenta implantation.
1st: Dilation - longest stage Postpartum Hemorrhage
2nd: Expulsion – expulsion of fetus -above 500 ml blood loss
3rd: Placental – expulsion of placenta -leading cause of maternal mortality
4th: Recovery - recovery stage PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID)
4 Ps OF LABOR -commonly caused by chlamydia &
Power – uterine contraction gonorrhea
Passenger – fetus -can lead to ectopic pregnancy
Passageway - pelvis Contraception that can cause PID
Psyche -ans: IUD
Dystocia – difficulty in giving birth. OB DRUGS/MEDS
Clomiphene (Clomid)
-can stimulate ovulation (DOC for fertility
problem)
Methotrexate-can destroy the ectopic
Misoprostol
-can use in labor induction
Corticosteroid
-for premature baby (to increase lung
surfactant) – prevent ARDS in preterm
newborn.
Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
CNS depressant & musde relaxant
-for preclampsia/eclampsia (CNS
depressant)
-for premature labor (muscle relaxant)
-risk for toxicity
Antidote for MgSO4 toxicity
-ans: Calcium gluconate
RhOGam-to prevent Rh isoimmunization
(Rh incompatibility).