UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGÓGICA Y TECNOLÓGICA DE COLOMBIA

VICERRECTORÍA ACADÉMICA
INSTITUTO INTERNACIONAL DE IDIOMAS
Guía para el desarrollo de clases virtuales

GUIDE ENGLISH WEEKS TOPIC DUE DATE:

5 III 11-12 Comparative and
8104889 superlative adjectives

Dear student:

In this unit you will understand the use of comparative and superlative adjectives. Please read
the information carefully and develop the proposed exercises. Feel free to ask any questions if
you have doubts. I am always ready to help you.

Objectives:

*To understand comparative and superlative adjectives use.

*To develop the different activities proposed in this guide.
*To use comparatives and superlatives adjectives in real communication situations.

*INITIAL REFLECTION

I. Answer the following questions:

1. Which is bigger, Colombia or the USA?
2. Who cooks better than you in your family?
3. Who is thinner than you?
4. Who is the funniest of your friends?
5. Which is the most beautiful country around the world?

1
II. Read the article about a problem on mount Everest. Notice the worlds in bold.

*Circle the correct word to complete each statement.

1 According to the reading, Mount Everest is very clean/dirty

2 Mount Everest is an unusual/ a popular mountain for serious climbers.

3 Climbers rarely/often leave trash on Mount Everest.

4 Climbing Mount Everest is very difficult/ easy.

5 People create art/charities from the trash on Mount Everest.

*PRESENTATION
Watch the video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiI1UmfgprM

2
3
4
Let’s look at some examples
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLE5yPZa_Ow&t=19s

Additional explanation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13TLUMw6og0

5
https://7esl.com/comparison-adjectives-grammar/
*PRACTICE
A. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES. KEEP THE RULES IN MIND.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

Example: short shorter the shortest

tall taller than the tallest

big bigger than the biggest

expensive more expensive than the most expensive

interesting more interesting than the most interesting

good better than the best

bad worse than the worst

easy easier than the easiest

short shorter than the shortest

beautiful more beautiful than the most beautiful

handsome more handsome than the most handsome

colorful more colorful than the most colorful

hot hotter than the hottest

happy happier than the happiest

nice nicer than the nicest

6
B. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION

7
C. COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES.

1. A: What is the______________ place you’ve ever been to? ( interesting)

B: ______________________ I’ve ever been to is__________________

2 A: Which is _______________, the Sahara Desert or the Gobi Desert? (Large)

B: The____________________ is ___________________________

3 A: Who is _____________________, Lady Gaga or Madonna? (famous)

B: ___________________ is______________________________

4 A: Which country has a ____________________ population, China or India? (Large)

B: _______________________ has_________________

5 A: Which is ___________________, Mount Everest or K2 (High)

B: __________________________ is__________________________

8
D. READ THE ARTICLE AND ABOUT CONSUMER SOCIETIES.

*Read each statement. Circle T for true or F for false.

1 Everyone agrees that the consumer products improve their lives. T F

2 These days, consumer goods are hard to find. T F

3 Many people want luxury products these days. T F

4 Consumer societies help the environment. T F

9
 COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE
We use comparative adjectives to compare two people, animals or things.
*New York is bigger than Madrid
*Sally is more beautiful than Pat

We use superlative adjectives to compare more than two people, animals or things
* Brazil is the largest country in South America
* Money isn't the most important thing in life

FORM
* (ONE SYLLABLE) :
COMPARATIVE - Adjective + -er + than - John is taller than Charles
SUPERLATIVE - the + adjective + -est - John is the tallest boy in the class

* (TWO or MORE SYLLABLES)

COMPARATIVE - More + adjective + than - Mary is more intelligent than Jane
SUPERLATIVE - the most + adjective - Mary is the most intelligent girl in the class

* (IRREGULAR)
good(bueno)/well(bien) - better (mejor) - the best (el mejor)
bad (malo) - worse (peor) - the worst (el peor)
far (lejos) - farther / further (más lejos) - the farthest / the furthest (el más lejano)
little(poco) - less (menos) - the least (el menor, lo menos)
much(mucho) - more (más) - the most (el más)
many(muchos) - more (más) - the most (los más)

SPELLING
*Adjectives of one syllable that end in -e: add -r / -st
large - larger - the largest
nice - nicer - the nicest

* Adjectives that end in a vowel + consonants -t, -d, -g, -m, -n : double the consonant and add -er/-est
fat - fatter - the fattest
slim – slimmer - the slimmest
big - bigger - the biggest

* Adjectives of two syllables that end in -y: change the -y to an -i and add -er / -est
busy – busier - the busiest
easy – easier - the easiest
early - earlier – the earliest

*Long words(2 / 3 / 4 syllables): add more / the most

modern - more modern - the most modern
beautiful - more beautiful - the most beautiful
expensive - more expensive - the most expensive
 UNIT
8 Consumer Society
Comparatives and
Superlatives

Cars in a scrap
yard in Canada.

204 COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

51106_GE2_U08_204-231_rev06.indd 204 8/13/14 4:39 PM

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Review the Grammar
page 206 page 213 page 220 page 227
Comparative Comparisons with Superlative
Adjectives and (Not ) As . . . As Adjectives and Connect the
Adverbs and Less Adverbs Grammar to Writing
page 230
UNIT 8 LESSON 1 205
LESSON 1 Comparative Adjectives and Adverbs

EXPLORE

CD2-28
1 READ the article about consumer societies. Notice the words in bold.

What is a Consumer Society?

A consumer is a person who buys things, and a consumer society is a society that
encourages people to buy and use goods.1 Some people think that a consumer society
provides people with better lives. People in consumer societies tend to live more
comfortably. They eat a wider variety of food. They go to restaurants more often.
They also buy a lot of products, maybe more than they need.

Products such as TVs, cell phones, and computers used to be luxuries.2 Today
people can buy these things more easily than ever before. The market for these goods
is growing faster all the time. Consumer societies encourage people to buy bigger and
better products. For example, “smarter” phones come out every year. In a consumer
society, people are often buying newer and more advanced products. This creates a
lot of waste. Nowadays, many people are thinking more seriously about the effects
of consumer societies on the environment, and they are trying to become more
responsible consumers.

1
goods: items that can be bought or sold
2
luxury: something that is expensive but not necessary

206
2 CHECK. Read each statement. Circle T for true and F for false.

1. Everyone agrees that consumer products improve their lives. T F

2. These days, consumer goods are hard to find. T F

3. Many people want luxury products these days. T F

4. Consumer societies help the environment. T F

3 DISCOVER. Complete the exercises to learn about the grammar in this lesson.

A Find these sentences in the article from exercise 1. Write the missing words.

1. They eat a variety of food.

2. . . . ., and they are trying to become consumers.

B Look at the words you wrote in exercise A. Then circle the correct word to complete each rule.

1. For long / short adjectives, put more before the adjective to form the comparative.

2. For long / short adjectives, add -er to the end of the adjective to form the comparative.

UNIT 8 LESSON 1 207

 LEARN
8.1 Comparative Adjectives
Comparative
Than
Adjective
newer
The blue car is than the gray car.
more expensive

1. Use a comparative adjective + than to Lydia is taller than Alex.

compare two people, places, or things. Gorillas are more intelligent than cows.

You can use a comparative adjective The bigger house is mine.

+ noun when the comparison is clear The more interesting shows are on cable TV.
from context.

2. Add -er to the end of most one-syllable small smaller low lower
adjectives to form the comparative.* If large larger nice nicer
the adjective ends in -e, add -r.

3. Use more before most long adjectives Jack is more serious than Nikki.
(adjectives that have two or more Do you think math is more important than music?
syllables).

4. Some two-syllable adjectives are used quiet quieter / more quiet

with either -er or more to form the simple simpler / more simple
comparative.

5. Some adjectives have an irregular good better bad worse

comparative form. far farther, further

REAL ENGLISH
*See page A3 for more information on speling rules for comparative adjectives.
Words such as a little, a lot, much,
and not much, are often used to
quantify comparative adjectives.
4 Complete each sentence with the correct
comparative form of the adjective in parentheses. Tina is a little taller than Nick.
Add than when necessary.

1. New cars are much more quiet than / quieter than (quiet) old cars.

2. Do you think money is (important) good health?

3. This coat is (nice) that one.

4. My old laptop was a lot (big) my new one.

5. Gas is so expensive! I want a (efficient) car.

6. Many people think modern life is (good) life in the past.

7. Communication is a lot (easy) it was 50 years ago.

8. The pollution in my city is much (bad) it used to be.

9. I prefer (hot) temperatures. That’s why I love summer.

10. My new school is a little (far) my old one.

208 COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

LESSON 3 Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs

EXPLORE

CD2-31
1 READ the article about a problem on Mount Everest. Notice the words in

Mount Everest:
The Highest Garbage Dump in the World?
Most people know that Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
However, there is another fact that many people don’t know: it has become one of the
dirtiest mountains in the world.

Mount Everest is one of the toughest and most exciting mountains to climb on
Earth. It is not the coldest or the windiest place on Earth, but it comes close! These
challenges make it one of the most attractive mountains for serious climbers. Since
1952, over 3500 climbers have reached the top. Unfortunately, most of them have left
equipment and trash on the mountain.

In fact, trash is now one of the biggest threats to the environment on Mount Everest.
Local organizations have brought tons of trash down from the mountain. One of the
most interesting projects handed over more than a ton of tin cans, glass bottles, and old
climbing tools to artists in Nepal. The artists used the trash to create works of art. Then,
they sold the art to raise money for local charities.1 The least expensive work of art cost
$17, and the most expensive one cost $2400.

1
charity: an organization that raises money to help people

The consumer society produces a lot of waste,

even in the Himalayas. Here, a climber collects
trash on Mount Everest.

220 COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

2 CHECK. Circle the correct word to complete each statement.

1. According to the reading, Mount Everest is very clean / dirty.

2. Climbing Mount Everest is very difficult / easy.

3. Mount Everest is an unusual / a popular mountain for serious climbers.

4. Climbers rarely / often leave trash on Mount Everest.

5. People create art / charities from the trash on Mount Everest.

3 DISCOVER. Complete the exercises to learn about the grammar in this lesson.

A Look at the bold phrases in the reading from exercise 1. Then write three more examples in
each column of the chart.

Adjectives with - est Adjectives with most

tall exciting

B Which adjectives add most? Circle the correct answer. a. long ones b. short ones

A sculpture of
a yak made
from Mount
Everest trash.

UNIT 8 LESSON 3 221

 LEARN

8.6 Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs

Superlative
Adjective
the nicest
The red car is car in the parking lot.
the most expensive

Superlative
Adverb
the fastest
She runs of all the players on the team.
the most slowly

1. Use a superlative adjective to Ali is the tallest student in our class.

compare three or more people, Prague is the most beautiful city I’ve ever seen.
places, or things. What’s the most interesting book you’ve ever read?

2. Use a superlative adverb to compare Of all my friends, Alicia calls the most frequently.
the action of three or more people or My red shoes fit the most comfortably of all my shoes.
things.

3. Add -est to the end of most one- Adjective: I bought the longest couch in the store.
syllable adjectives or adverbs to Adverb: Steve works hardest of all the students.
form the superlative.* Use the before
superlative adjectives. It is not as
common before adverbs.

4. Use the most before most adjectives Maria is the most careful climber of the group.
that have two or more syllables and The Grand Canyon is the most amazing sight I’ve ever seen.
adverbs ending in -ly. Of all the girls, Brenda sings the most beautifully.

5. For some two-syllable adjectives and stupid the stupidest/the most stupid
adverbs, either -est or the most can cruel the cruelest/the most cruel
be used to form the superlative.

6. Some superlatives are irregular. good/well the best bad/badly the worst

*See page A3 for more information on spelling superlative adjectives and adverbs.

4 Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjective or adverb in parentheses.

1. The biggest (big) piles of trash on Mount Everest are on the lower areas.

2. Trash is one of (bad) problems on Mount Everest now.

3. Many climbers consider K2, a mountain between Pakistan and China, to be

(difficult) mountain to climb, not Mount Everest.

4. Ted was (experienced) climber on the expedition.

5. Which climber is (far) from the top?

222 COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Comparatives and superlatives

1. Read and find.

Find the comparative and superlative adjectives and write them in the boxes.

This is my family. I am taller than my brother and sister but my

dad is the tallest. My mum is a vet and my dad is a teacher. I
think being a vet is more interesting than being a teacher
because you work with animals. I want to be an astronaut – I
think this is the most interesting job! Being a vet is easier than
being a teacher though, because teachers have to correct lots
of homework. My job is the easiest – I’m a student!

taller

We can use comparatives and superlatives to compare things

and to say which thing is top in a group.
one syllable: tall – taller – the tallest
two syllables with ‘y’: easy – easier – the easiest
two or more syllables: interesting – more interesting – the most interesting
Be careful! good – better – the best / bad – worse – the worst

2. Where does it go?

Write the adjectives in the correct group. Can you write the comparative and
superlative form too?

short intelligent heavy fast

big lazy dangerous happy

one syllable two syllables with ‘y’ two or more syllables

short, shorter, the shortest

3. What’s the order?
Write sentences about the animals using comparatives and superlatives.

a. fast: mouse / cheetah / cat

_The cat is faster than the mouse but the cheetah is the fastest.____
b. intelligent: dolphin / dog / chimpanzee

_________________________________________________________________________

c. short: giraffe / horse / penguin

_________________________________________________________________________

d. heavy: hippo / elephant / blue whale

_________________________________________________________________________

e. dangerous: shark / mosquito / rabbit

_________________________________________________________________________

f. lazy: koala / cat / dog

_________________________________________________________________________

4. Write and draw!

Write about your family like in exercise 1. Use comparatives and superlatives.
Draw a picture!

........................................................................

........................................................................

........................................................................

........................................................................

........................................................................
 TEACHER’S NOTES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Comparatives Survey

Activity Type Introduction

Listening, speaking and In this comparatives activity, students conduct a class survey where
writing activity they ask and answer questions using comparative adjectives.

Procedure
Focus
Explain that the students are going to conduct a class survey to
Comparatives practice comparative adjectives.
Comparative adjectives
Demonstrate the activity by writing the following question on the
board:
Aim
Which do you think are ................. (good), book dictionaries or
To conduct a class survey electronic dictionaries?
where you ask and
answer questions using Elicit the comparative form of the adjective in brackets and write
comparative adjectives. it in the space, i.e. better. After that, write two columns on the
board and label them 'book' and 'electronic'.

Preparation Then, go around asking students the question and have them
answer in sentence form, e.g. 'I think that book dictionaries are
Make one copy of the
better than electronic dictionaries'.
question cards and cut as
indicated.
Tally the students' answers in the columns. When you have spoken
to a few students, write a sentence on the board, summarizing the
Level results, e.g. 'Two people think that book dictionaries are better
than electronic dictionaries, and four people think that electronic
Pre-intermediate (A2) dictionaries are better than book dictionaries'.

Next, give each student a question card.

Time
The students begin by completing the question on the card with
30 minutes
the comparative form of the adjective in brackets.

The students then go around the class asking the question on

their card and recording their classmates' answers on the back.

Remind the students that they must answer each question in

sentence form.

When the students have spoken to everyone in the class, they

write a short summary of their survey results using the example
on the board as a guide.

Finally, have the students report back to the class on their survey
results. Any interesting findings can then be discussed in more
detail.

If a student's question was based on a fact, encourage them to

look up the answer online and tell everyone the correct answer.

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 COMPARATIVES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Comparatives Survey

Which do you think is ......................... Which country do you think is

(good), spending time with a lot of friends or ........................ (big), Canada or the United
spending time with just one or two friends? States?

Which country do you think is Which language do you think is

........................ (cold) in the winter, Russia .................... (easy) to learn, English or
or Iceland? your first language?

Which animal do you think is Which country do you think is

........................ (fast), a zebra or an ........................ (far) from the North Pole,
ostrich? Italy or Turkey?

Which age group do you think is

Which do you think is ........................
......................... (happy), people under 25
(heavy), seven pounds or three kilograms?
or people over 50?

Which country do you think is Which do you think is ........................

........................ (hot) in the summer, India (long), an elephant's trunk or a giraffe's
or Egypt? neck?

Which do you think is ........................

Which do you think is ........................ (bad)
(safe), travelling by train or travelling by
for your health, sugar or fried food?
bus?

Which do you think is ............................ Which do you think is .........................

(annoying) when you're trying to study, loud (comfortable), travelling by plane or
music or people talking? travelling by car?

Which animal do you think is Which do you think is ........................

........................ (dangerous), a lion or a (delicious), strawberry ice cream or chocolate
poisonous snake? ice cream?

Which do you think is ........................ Which do you think is ........................

(expensive), a new iPhone or a new laptop? (important), friendship or money?

Which animal do you think is

Which do you think is ........................
........................ (intelligent), an elephant or
(interesting), reading books or watching TV?
a whale?

Which sport do you think is ........................ Which do you think is ........................

(popular) in the world, football or basketball? (useful), a laptop or a mobile phone?

Which do you think is ........................

Which do you think are ........................
(exciting) to watch, a match between two
(entertaining), action movies or comedies?
teams or a race?

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 TEACHER’S NOTES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Superlatives Board Game

Activity Type Introduction

Reading and speaking This superlatives board game can be used to practice or review
activity, group work superlative adjectives and sentence structure.

Procedure
Focus
Explain that the students are going to play a board game where
Superlative adjectives
they use superlatives to talk about various topics for 30 seconds.
and sentence structure
Divide the students into groups of three or four.
Aim
Give each group a copy of the game board, a dice and counters.
To talk about various
topics for 30 seconds Have one student keep the time in each group.
using superlatives.
Students place their counters on the start square.

Preparation Students then take it in turns to roll the dice and move their
counter along the board.
Make one copy of the
game board for each
When a student lands on a square, they use superlatives to talk
group of three or four.
about the topic on the square for 30 seconds without stopping.
Enlarge the game board
to A3 if possible. You
If a student can’t think of anything to say, forms a superlative
will also need to prepare
adjective incorrectly, uses the wrong sentence structure, or stops
some dice and counters.
talking before the 30 seconds are up, they go back two squares.

Level The first student to reach the finish wins the game.

Intermediate (B1)

Time
30 minutes

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 SUPERLATIVES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Superlatives Board Game

The most The longest

The hottest
famous you've gone Your oldest
Finish building in
place you've
without relative
ever visited
your country sleeping

The most
The happiest
Go back 3 delicious meal
day of your
spaces you've ever
life
eaten

The worst The longest The most

thing about you've gone Super skip! interesting
learning without Move ahead place you've
English eating ever visited

The most
The best Your most
famous
party you've favourite type
person you've
ever been to of music
ever met

The biggest The best

crowd of thing about
Miss a turn
people you've learning
ever seen English

The most
The nicest The best film popular
hotel you've you've ever tourist
stayed in. seen attraction in
your country

The most
The best book The thing
difficult exam
you've ever you're most
you've ever
read frightened of
taken

The most
The most
The coldest expensive
Oh no! embarrassing
place you've restaurant
Go back moment of
ever been to you've ever
your life
been to

The most The most

Move
expensive exciting thing
forward 2
thing you've you've ever Start
spaces
ever bought done

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 UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGÓGICA Y TECNOLÓGICA DE COLOMBIA
VICERRECTORÍA ACADÉMICA
INSTITUTO INTERNACIONAL DE IDIOMAS
Guía para el desarrollo de clases virtuales

PROJECT 2

INTERESTING FACTS!

Look for 10 interesting animals, nature and/or universe facts that call your attention. Then make a
presentation about them.
 Make sentences telling the facts and include supporting information.

 Include images to support your sentences.

 Use comparative and superlative adjectives (minimum 20).

 2 -3 minutes max for the presentation.

 Design a power point presentation with images and little text.

Example:

THE HIGHEST WATERFALL IN THE WORLD

Angel Falls is the world's highest waterfall. It is located in Venezuela and it has a 979 meters fall.

1
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiI1UmfgprM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLE5yPZa_Ow&t=19s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13TLUMw6og0

https://soundgrammar.com/learn/L3-CEFR-A2/L3-09-Comparatives.htm

https://7esl.com/comparison-adjectives-grammar/

https://www.grammar.cl/Intermediate/Comparatives_Superlatives.htm

https://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Comparatives_a
nd_superlatives