Exp Hrini

APPLIED PHYSICS PRACTICAL
JABATAN FIZIK UNIVERSITI MALAYA

REPORT SUBMISSION SIF 2029
REPORT
NAME : MOHAMAD FADZIL BIN ABDULLAH
MATRIC NO : U2103268/1
GROUP : C2
NO. OF EXPERIMENT : S10
TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : 5G EMF DETECTOR (DIY)
DATE OF EXPERIMENT : 5 MAY 2023
DATE:
TIME:
NOTE:
EXPERIMENT S10: 5G EMF DETECTOR (DIY)
Objective:
1. To design and construct a functional electromagnetic field detector using

Arduino and self construct antenna.
Apparatus:
Materials: Breadboard, Arduino NANO Board, Jumper Wires, Resistor (3.3 M, 220, 4.7M), 9
V Li-Ion Battery, 9V Battery Snap Connector, Copper Wire (Antenna), Micro-USB Cable,
LED (Red, Yellow, Green), LCD 1602 Display, LCD Interface Adapter, Potentiometer, Ultra
Sensitive Switch, Main Switch, Acryllic Box
Introduction:
There has been a rising concern with the 5G signals and the increasing erection of 5G
tower around the neighbourhood which led to multiple conspiracy theorist to spred out fake
rumours and propaganda to fear monger the public. With this fear, they use it to sell fake
products that claimed to detect and protect the consumer houshold from the danger of 5G
radiation. In reality, 5G signals are just a mere portion of the electromagnetic waves spectrum
which is the same type as visible light and infrared which are emitted from the bulb and our
remote control which has been proven to be safe after it was used generation by generation. To
combat this, we have decided to create a 5G EMF detector that can be done at home if given
the right equipment.
Figure 1 shows the electrmagnetic spectrum and the range in which 5G signals operates on.
Electomagnetic field can be produced by electric charges and it propagates with the
speed of light (approx 3 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1). Electromagnetic waves can be detected by intercepting
the waves with a conductor. 5G signals operates on two set of frequency bands, 450 MHz to 6
GHz, and 24.25GHz to 52.65 GHz and 4G signals operates on 450 MHz to 3.8 GHz. From
figure 1, it is clear that the frequency in which we use for communication are non ionizing
which is far from the frequency of the waves that are ionizing such as ultraviolet which starts
at 80 terahertz. We can utilize a conductive metal wire to intercept the EM waves which in our
experiment is the monopole antenna which is suited since we will only analyze the lower band
of 5G signals which is the frequency below 1 GHz.
Procedure:
Figure 2 shows the schematic of the setup
1. The device was setup and connected accordingly with schematics shown in
figure 2.
2. The main switch was turned on to use the detector.
3. The detector was brought closer to an EMF source.
4. The LED on the detector will indicate the strength of the 5G signal qualitatively
in which red indicates weak signal, yellow indivates medium strength signal,
green indicates strong signal. The colour of the LED that lit up were recorded.
5. The strength of the 5G signal that was shown on the LCD display were recorded
as the quantitative reading.
Figure 3 shows the configurations of the device

The codings that were used for the Arduino are as such:
Results:
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 4 to Figure 9 shows the fluctuation of the reading from 8.31 mG to 41.67 mG when the
device was first turned on.
Afterwards, the device still shows EM field strength of 41.67 mG even after being carried
around the laboratory and around Block J12.
Discussion:
The readings fluctutes rapidly upon turning on the detector, from 8.31 mG, 20.00 mG,
24.91mG, 31.67 mG, 40,00 mG and finally to 41.67 mG. The LED also rapidly transition from
RED to YELLOW to GREEN. Afterwards, the detector seems to hold a single readings even
after adjustments were made to the device. The antenna of the device has also been bent and
deform to see wether it would affect the reading. Unsurprisingly, the readings was still at 41.67
mG which means that the readings was invalid since the adjustment made to the antenna would
change the reading significantly. The basic workings of this device depends on the antenna
where it was monopole coiled copper antenna which were designed to pick up the and receive
the EMF signals. The picked up signals were then processed the received signals and represents
the strength of the field by the color of the LED and the readings on the LCD display.
Significant number of error could have caused this experiment to obtain unusable data.
One of which was the setup of the experiment, which is the breadboard itself. The breadborad
could have faulty pin or rusted pin that causes unaccounted impedance in the circuit. The rust
accumulated in the base of the circuit could have also cause the device to be short circuited
since each row of the pin in the breadboard should be separate, but since rust was accumulated
underneath it, it could have connected the individual row which causes the short circuit and
explained why the readings does not change upon adjustment. There was also background EM
radiation from electronical device in the lab which gave significant EM noise that interferes
with the detector. The length of the antenna, (copper wire) were also not long enough and the
coil was poorly coiled with inconsistent separation from each loop which made the antenna
incapable of intercepting the EM waves accurately.
A major improvement that should be made is uing a better breadboard and measuring
each row of the pin used to detect any extra impedance that could interfere with reading of the
instrument. Secondly, the antenna should be made with more accuracy with consistent
separation between each loop on top of lengthening the antenna.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the experiment was deemed unsucessful beacuse we’re unable to design a
working 5G EMF detector and plot the EM strenth field against time graph. No usable
readings were collected. We should have checked and used a better material and equipments
before conducting the experiments.
References:
1. Hecht, Eugene (2001). Optics (4th ed.). Pearson Education.
2. "Effects on the human body: Extremely low frequency RF | Radio Frequency | Radio
Spectrum". Scribd. Retrieved 1st June 2023
3. Maxwell, J. Clerk (1 January 1865). "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic
Field". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 155: 459–512

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APPLIED PHYSICS PRACTICAL

JABATAN FIZIK UNIVERSITI MALAYA

NAME : MOHAMAD FADZIL BIN ABDULLAH

NO. OF EXPERIMENT : S10

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : 5G EMF DETECTOR (DIY)

DATE OF EXPERIMENT : 5 MAY 2023

1. To design and construct a functional electromagnetic field detector using

Figure 2 shows the schematic of the setup

Figure 3 shows the configurations of the device

1. Hecht, Eugene (2001). Optics (4th ed.). Pearson Education.

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