Nut

ri
ti
onr
evi
ewquest
ions
Sit
uati
on:Sar
aWi nt
ersisanLPNonabusyMedi cal
/Sur
gical
uni
t.Oneofherresponsi
bil
it
iesi
s
toknowwhattypeofdieteachofherpat
ient
sisonandwhateachdietconsi
stsofthefol
lowi
ng
questi
onspert
aintothi
ssit
uati
on.

1.Mr
s.Frankl
inhasbeenadmitt
edwithri
ghtupperquadr
antpainandhasbeenpl
acedon
al
ow-f
atdiet.Whi
choffol
lowingt
rayswouldbeacceptabl
eforher
?

a.Whol
emi
l
k,v
eal
,ri
ceandpast
ry

b.Li
ver
,fr
iedpot
atoes,
gel
ati
n,andav
ocado

c. Ski
nmi
l
k,l
eanf
ish,
tapi
ocapuddi
ng,
andf
rui
t

d.Ham,
mashedpot
atoes,
creamedpeas,
andgel
ati
n

2.Mrs.Dani
elsi
sa67-year-
oldwomanwithadi
agnosi
sofcongest
iveheartfai
lur
e.Shei
s
ona500gsodium r
estri
cteddi
et.Whi
chtr
aywoul
dbemostappropriat
ef orher
?

a.Fr
eshbeef
,sal
t-
fr
eecot
tagecheese,
onesmal
lsweetpot
ato,
andonel
arget
anger
ine

b.Smokedf
ish,
prepar
edmuf
fi
ns,
frozenl
i
mabeans,
andanappl
e

c. Cor
nedbeefonr
yesandwi
ch,
fil
lpi
ckl
e,andpear

d.Ham andcheeseonr
egul
arboi
l
edegg,
andanor
ange

3.Mr.Evanshasadvancedci
rr
hosi
soft
hel
i
ver
.Whatt
ypef
oodmi
ghty
ouexpectt
ofi
nd
l
imit
edinhisdi
et?

a.Fr
uit
s

b.Veget
abl
es

c. Meat
s

d.Car
bohy
drat
es

4.Mrs.Gar
y.I
nRoom 221Ahasaduodenal
ulcer
.Whatf
oodswoul
dyousuggestt
hatshe
av
oid?

a.Ref
inedcer
eal
s

b.Pr
otei
nfood

c. Rawf
oods

d.Boi
l
edf
oods

5. Mrs.Paul
inoi
sadiabet
icandusestheexchangeli
stst
opl
anhermenu.Shedoesnot
li
kefishandwoul
dliket
osubsti
tut
esomet hi
ngfor1ozoff
ishatheraf
ter
noonmeal.
 Yout
ell
heri
tisper
missi
blet
osubst
it
ute:

a.Onepi
eceofbacon

b.Oneegg

c. ½cupofpumpki
n

d.1cupofwhol
emi
l
k

6.Mrs.Edi
thGr
am isareti
redschoolt
eacherwhosehusbandisonalow-cholester
oldiet
fol
l
owingaheartat
tackl
astJune.Shesayssheistot
all
yconfusedaboutcholester
ol
andit
simpor
tance.Whichofthefol
lowingst
atementsaboutchol
ester
olistrue?

a.I
tisbestt
obet
otal
l
yel
i
minat
edf
rom t
il
edi
et

b.I
tisanor
mal
componentofbl
oodandal
lbodycel
l
s

c. I
tisnotnecessar
yfornor
mal
bodyf
unct
ions

d.I
tisf
oundi
nincr
easedamount
singr
ainpr
oduct
s

Si
tuat
ion:JamesWetherbeeisa45-y
ear-
oldexecut
ivef
oramajorcomputerf
ir
m.Hehasbeen
hospi
tal
izedfort
hepast2weekswiththediagnosi
sofmyocar
dial
inf
arct
ion(MI)
.Thef
oll
owi
ng
quest
ionsapplyt
oMr.Wet her
bee.

7.Fort
hefi
rstweekfol
lowi
nghisMiMr .Wether
beewasonasof
tdi
et.Forwhatr
eason
di
dhisphysi
cianpr
obabl
yordert
hisdiet
?

a.Tor
educet
hecal
ori
cint
akeofhi
sdi
etbecauseMr
.Wet
her
beei
dov
erwei
ght

b.Toi
ncr
easet
heamountofhi
gh-
prot
einf
oodsnecessar
yfort
issuer
epai
r

c. Foreasydi
gest
iont
orestt
hehear
tasmuch,
aspossi
ble

d.Topr
omot
etheheal
i
ngoft
hegast
ri
cmucosa

8.I
nadditi
ontothecholest
erolr
est
ri
ction,Mr
.Wethrbeequesti
onsy
ouaboutt
hesodi
um
rest
ri
cti
on.Heasks,
“What ,ot
herthantabl
esal
t,cont
ainslar
geamount
sofsodi
um?”
Youwouldrepl
y:

a.Meat
sandmi
l
dpr
oduct
s

b.Fr
uit
s

c. Veget
abl
es

d.Legumensandr
ootpr
oduct
s(car
rot
s)

9.Fol
l
owi
ngt
heacut
ephaseofhi
shospi
tal
i
zat
ion,
Mr.Wet
her
beei
spl
acedonal
ow-
 sodi
um,l
ow-chol
est
erol
diet
.Heasksy
ouwhatf
oodsar
eespeci
all
yhi
ghi
nchol
est
erol
.
Youwoul
drespond:

a.For
ti
fi
edmi
l
kandcheese

b.Ci
tr
usf
rui
ts,
broccol
i
,andgr
eenpepper
s

c. Or
anges,
bananas,
andapr
icot
s

d.Li
ver
,eggy
olks,
andshel
l
fish

10.Mr.Wetherbeetell
syouthathe‘
.‘;al
soconfusedaboutsat
uratedandunsat
urat
edf
ats
andthei
rrelati
onshi
ptoheartdi
sease.Oft
hefoll
owi
ng,whatstatementwoul
dbemost
accur
atetot el
lhi
m?

a.Sat
urat
edfat
sar
eusual
l
yfr
om pl
ant
,sour
cesandar
erecommendedt
oreducebl
ood
l
ipi
dlev
els

b.Pol
yunsat
urat
edfat
sar
eusuall
ysol
i
datr
oom t
emper
atur
eandcont
ri
but
etot
he
dev
elopmentofaat
her
oscl
erosi
s

c. Polyunsaturat
edfatsareusual
l
yli
qui
datr
oom t
emper
atur
eandar
erecommendedf
or
reducingbloodli
pidlev
els

d.Sat
urat
edf
atsar
efr
om ani
mal
sour
cesandar
erecommendedf
orl
ower
ingbl
oodl
i
pid
l
evel
s

11.Thefol
l
owi ngisalistofmenuspresentedt
oMr.Wether
bee.Thesel
ect
ionofwhi
chh
oneofthefoll
owingwoul di
ndicat
ethathehasagoodunderst
andi
ngofwhati
sincl
ude
onalow-sodium,low-chol
est
eroldi
et?

a.Smokedsausage,
Frenchf
ri
es,
andmi
l
k

b.Roastbeef(
lean)
,boi
l
edpot
atoes,
andi
cedt
ea

c. Li
verandoni
ons,
mashedpot
atoesandgr
avy
,andcof
fee

d.Cheeseandeggcasser
ole,
sal
ad,
andmi
l
k

Sit
uati
on: Youhav ev
olunt
eeredtoteachaclassonnutri
ti
onatthelocalcommuni t
ychur ch.
Yourstudentsrangei
nagef r
om mot herswit
hyoungchil
drent
or et
ir
edseniorcit
izens.Allare
extr
emelyinter
estedinwhatconsti
tutesgoodnutr
it
ionandposeav ari
etyofquesti
onst oy ou
onthesubject.

12.Mrs.NancyAdamsstatesthatsheistaki
ngadi
ureti
c,andherdoctorsai
dthatshe
shoul
dincr
easeheri
ntakeofpot assi
um.Youwouldstat
ethatwhichhofthefoll
owing
aregoodsour
cesofpotassium?

a.Whol
egr
ainbr
eads,
oranges,
andbananas

b.Egggr
eenv
eget
abl
es,
andr
aisi
ns

c. Ci
tr
usf
rui
ts,
str
awber
ri
es,
andgr
eenpepper
s
 d.Sunshi
ne,
for
ti
fi
edmi
l
k,andf
ishl
i
veroi
l
s

13.SandyAi
rmanisaty
oungmotheroftwo.Herquest
ionconcer
nsbot
uli
sm.Whi
choft
he
fol
l
owingst
atement
sist
rueofbotul
i
sm?

a. causedbyast
aphy
lococcusbact
eri
aqui
ter
esi
stantt
oheat

b.Pr
event
edbykeepi
nghotf
oodsov
er140˚
F

c. Pr
event
edbykeepi
ngcol
dfoodsbel
ow40˚
F

d.Of
tencausedbyhome-
canned,
low-
aci
dfoods

14.Forwhi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngpat
ient
smi
ghty
ouseeal
owcar
bohy
drat
edi
etpr
escr
ibed?

a.Mr
s.Adamswi
thdumpi
ngsy
ndr
ome

b.Mr
s.Zeewi
thhy
per
thy
roi
dism

c. MrTackasawi
thl
i
verdi
sease

d.Mr
.Doddwi
thki
dneydi
sease

15.MrsJonesasksaquest
ionabouttheRecommendedDi
etar
yAl
l
owances(
RDA)t
hatshe
seesl
ist
edonpackagi
ng.YourespondThat:

a.Theyar
esuedasr
equi
rement
sfori
ndi
vi
dual
swi
thspeci
fi
cnur
ti
ononal
def
ici
enci
es

b.Theyconsi
stsoff
ourbasi
cfoodgr
oups

c. Theyweredev
elopedbyt
heU.S.Depar
tmentofAgr
icul
tur
etodi
scour
ageexcessesi
n
thedi
et

d.Theyaresuggest
edl
evel
sofessent
ial
nut
ri
ent
stomeett
henut
ri
ti
onal
needsofmost
heal
thyindi
vi
dual
s

Si
tuat
ion:HelenAnder sonisa44- y
earold,sl
i
ghtl
yoverwei ghtwoman.Shei smarried,t
he
motherofthreechil
dren,andanexcel l
entcookwhot akespr i
deinherfamilyandher
homemaki ngski
ll
s.Shehasr ecent
lybeenexperi
enci
ngr ightupperquadrantpai
nandi snow
hospi
tali
zedpreoperativ
elyforacholecyst
ectomy.Thef oll
owingsixquesti
onsrefertoMrs.
Anderson.

16.Preoperat
ivel
y,whi
chdietwoul
dbegi v
entoMr
s.Ander
sonst
opr
eventf
urt
her
recur
renceofotherabdominal
discomfor
t?

a.Br
oil
edf
ish,
boi
l
edpot
atoes,
cannedpeaches,
andski
nmi
l
k

b.Lamb,
mashedpot
atoes,
icecr
eam,
andcof
fee

c. Hambur
ger
,Fr
enchf
ri
es,
andmi
l
kshake

d.Av
ocadosal
ad,
cooki
es,
andchocol
atemi
l
k
17.Whichofthefol
l
owi
ngv eget
ableswoul
dsupplyav
itami
nthatmi
ghtbel
acki
ngi
nadi
et
usedint
het r
eat
mentofgall
bladderdi
sease?

a.Or
angesandcant
aloupe

b.Sweetpot
atoesandcar
rot
s

c. Or
angesandbananas

d.Rai
sinsandpr
unes

18.Post
operati
vel
y,Mr
s.Ander
sonwil
lbeonint
ravenous(
IV)fl
uidsfort
hefi
rstsev
eralday
s.
Whatremarkmadebythepati
enti
ndi
cat
esthatsheisprobablyr
eadytobestar
tedon
or
alfeedi
ngs?

a.“Ican’
twai
ttoseesomer
eal
foodr
athert
hant
hisI
Vbot
tl
e.”

b.“
MYst omachisf
eel
i
ngal
i
ttl
edi
stended.Doy
out
hinki
t’
sbecauseIhav
en’
thadany
thi
ng
i
nitf
orsolong?”

c. “
Myst
omachi
sreal
l
yrumbl
i
ng-
-Idon’
tknowwhy-
-t
her
e’snot
hingi
nit
!”

d.“
I’
m sogl
adIdon’
thav
eanymor
enausea-
-whatanui
sancet
hatwas!
”

19.Mrs.Ander
sonisonacl
earl
iqui
ddi
et.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
nggr
oupsoff
oodswoul
dbe
al
l
owedonacl earl
i
qui
ddiet
?

a.Cr
eam oft
omat
osoup,
jel
l
o,andt
ea

b.Cher
ry-
fl
avor
edi
ce,
beefboui
l
lon,
andappl
ejui
ce

c. St
rai
nedcookedcer
eal
,sher
bet
,andcof
fee

d.Gi
ngeral
e,cust
ard,
andcoca

20.Mrs.Ander
sonhasprogr
essedtoaful
ll
iqui
ddi
et.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngmeal
smeet
s
t
hespecifi
cat
ionsf
oraful
lli
qui
ddiet
?

a.Cot
tagecheese,
cust
ard,
andcof
fee

b.Pur
eedsweetpot
atoes,
groundbeef
,andt
ea

c. Banana,
bakedsquash,
andcust
ard

d.Cr
eam oft
omat
osoup,
icecr
eam andcof
feewi
thcr
eam andsugar

21.I
ntheday
sf ol
l
owingsurgery
, Mr
s.Ander
sonpr
ogr
essedsat
isf
act
ori
l
yandisnowona
r
egul
ardi
et.Whichoft
hef ol
lowi
ngmenusbestmeet
sherneedsf
oravi
taminespeci
all
y
 i
mpor
tanti
nti
ssueheal
i
ng?

a.Bakedchi
cken,whi
ter
ice,
andsl
i
cedpeaches

b.Li
ver
,mashedpot
atoes,
andcar
rot
s

c. Roastpor
k,eggnoodl
es,
andbakedsquash

d.Swi
ssst
eaki
ntomat
osauce,
mashedpot
atoes,
andst
rawber
ri
es

Si
tuation:EdwardandCaroly
nTurnerhavebeenmar r
iedfor22y
ears.Theyhavetwochi
ldr
en,
Audra,aged14y ear
s,andGeral
d,aged16mot hes,
Dor ot
hyThompson,year
s.Mrs.Tur
ner’
s
el
derlyalsoresi
deswiththem.Mrs.Thompsonhasbeenputonabl anddiet
.Refert
othi
sfamil
y
si
tuati
onwhenconsi deri
ngthefol
lowi
ngsevenquestions:

22.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngshoul
dMr
s.Tur
nerr
ememberwhencooki
ngf
orherf
ami
l
y?

a.Rawf
rui
tandv
eget
abl
escont
ainmor
enut
ri
ent
sthancookedv
eget
abl
es

b.Themor
eexpensi
vet
hemeat
,themor
enut
ri
ent
sitcont
ains

c. Thehi
ghert
hegr
adeoncannedgoods,
themor
enut
ri
ti
oust
hecont
ent

d.Rel
i
nedcer
eal
product
sar
emor
enut
ri
ti
oust
hanf
ort
if
iedcer
eal
product
sace

23.Audra,t
heTurner
s’14yearolddaughter,
hasjustannouncedthatshei
sgoingona
completel
yveget
ari
andi
et,whichincl
udesnomeatordai r
yproductsofanyki
nd.I
nwhat
nut
ri
entwouldAudrabeparti
cular
lydefi
cienti
fsheconti
nuesont hi
sdi
et?

a.I
ron

b.Bcompl
exv
itami
ns

c. Pr
otei
n

d.Fat
-sol
ubl
evi
tami
ns

24.Thenutri
ti
onalrequi
rementsofanel
derlypersonsuchasMrs.Thompsondi
ff
erf
rom
thoseofyoungerpeople.I
nparti
cul
ar,
Mr s.Thompsonwil
lrequi
re:

a.I
ncr
easedf
ats

b.Fewerv
itami
nsandmi
ner
als

c. Decr
easedf
lui
dint
ake

d.Fewercal
ori
es

25.Mrs.Thompsonhasbeent aki
ngadiur
eti
cfort
hepast3mont
hs.Ofthefol
l
owing
st
atementsmadebyMr s.Thompson,whi
chwouldal
erty
outoapossibl
ediet
ary
 def
ici
encycausedbyt
hedi
uret
ic?

a.“
Myey
esseem especi
all
ysensi
ti
vet
othatl
i
ght
.”

b.“Iseem t
obr
uisesoeasi
l
ytheseday
s.”

c. “
Ever
yoncei
nawhi
l
emyhear
tfeel
sli
kei
t’
sski
ppi
ngbeat
s!”

d.“
Ifeel
sot
err
ibl
yner
vous.Doy
out
hinkIneedat
ranqui
l
izer
?

26.Oft
hef
oll
owi
ngf
oods,
wichwoul
dyour
ecommendgoodsour
cesofpot
assi
um?

a.Mi
l
k,cheese,
andkal
e

b.Li
ver
,egg,
yol
ks,
andspi
nach

c. Tomat
oes,
greenpepper
s,andbr
occol
i

d.Or
anges,
bananas,
anddr
iedapr
icot
s

27.Mrs.Tur
nertel
l
syouthatsheusesmi
ner
aloi
lasabasef
orhersal
addr
essi
ng.Your
bestr
esponsetot
hiswouldbe:

a.“
Whydon’ty
outr
yav eget
abl
eoi
li
nst
ead,
Miner
aloi
lcanhi
ndert
heabsor
pti
onofsome
i
mpor
tantvi
tami
ns.
”

b.“
That
’sagoodi
dea!Mi
ner
aloi
ldoesn’
taddanycal
ori
est
oyourdi
et.
”

c. “
That
’sagoodi
dea!I
tev
enf
it
sint
oyourmot
her
’sbl
anddi
et.
”

d.“
Iwoul
duseanot
hert
ypeofoi
l
.Mi
ner
aloi
li
shi
ghcal
ori
eswi
thv
eryf
ewv
itami
ns.
”

28.Mrs.Thompsoni
sonablanddi
et.Herchoi
ceofwhichofthefol
lowingmenuswoul
d
i
ndicat
eshehasagoodunder
standi
ngofwhatablanddietcont
ains?

a.Roastbeef
,tomat
osal
ad,
andcof
fee

b.Hambur
ger
,Fr
enchf
ri
ed,
andcoke

c. St
eak,
bakedpot
atoes,
sal
ad,
andi
cedt
ea

d.Bakedf
il
etofsol
e,bakedpot
ato,
cannedpeaches,
andmi
l
k

Sit
uati
on:MissIrmav anHout enisa32- yearol
dIibr
ar i
an.Shehasl i
vedasedentaryli
feand
consequentl
yissomewhatov erweight.Foll
owi
ngaser i
esofunexplainedphysi
calcomplaint
s,a
physi
calexaminati
ondet erminedthatshehasdi abetes.Thedoctorplacedherona1500- cal
ori
e
di
abeticdi
etand30uni tsisophanei nsuli
nsuspension(NPHi nsul
in)dail
y.Thefol
l
owi ngfi
ve
questi
onsrefert
oMi ssvanHout en.
29.Thediabet
icdi
eti
sbasedont
heexchangesy
stem.Nusi
ngt
hissy
stem t
hepat
ient
shoul
dbeinstr
uct
edto:

a.Usedi
etet
icordi
abet
icf
oodsasmuchaspossi
ble

b.Subst
it
uteonl
yamongf
oodsl
i
stedi
nti
l
esameexchange

c. Foodexchangesarenotpar
ti
cul
arl
yimpor
tantasl
ongy
oust
aywi
thi
nyour
recommendedcalori
es

d.Subst
it
uti
onwi
thi
naf
oodexchangef
ormeal
planni
ngcanonl
ybedonebyadoct
oror
di
eti
ti
an

30.Thenut
ri
ti
onal
requi
rement
sofadi
abet
ic:

a.Ar
ethesameasf
oranondi
abet
ic

b.Wi
l
lbel
oweri
ncal
ori
est
hanf
oranondi
abet
ic

c. Wi
l
lbel
oweri
ncar
bohy
drat
est
hanf
oranondi
abet
ic

d.Wi
l
lbehi
gheri
npr
otei
nthanf
oranondi
abet
ic

31.Whenv i
sit
ingf
ri
ends.MissVanHoutenwasoff
eredhal
facupofblackberri
es.Since
shedoesnotcareforbl
ackber
ri
es,
whatwouldshebeablet
osubst
itut
ef orthem

a.I
cemi
l
k

b.Pi
neappl
ejui
ce

c. Cheddarcheese

d.Pecans

32.Fordi
nneroneeveningMi
ssVnHout enf
li
esaneggi
n1teaspoonofmargari
ne,hasa
bi
scui
twith1teaspoonofbut
ter
,andacupofbl
ackcof
fee.Outofwhi
chexchangeli
sts
hassheselect
edhermeal?

a.Onemi
l
k,t
arobr
ead,
andonef
atexchange

b.Onemeat
,onemi
l
k,onef
rui
t,andonef
atexchange

c. Onebr
ead,
onemeat,
andonev
eget
abl
eexchange

d.Onemeat
,onebr
ead,
andt
wof
atexchanges

33.MissVanHout enremar kstoy outhati

nthelateaft
ernoonshef
requent
lybecomes
shakyandfeel
sv erynervous.Whatwoul dyousuggesttoherasareadi
lyavai
labl
e
sourceofcar
bohy drat
et hatcouldgetheroverthi
shypogly
cemicepi
sode?

a.Cr
acker
s

b.Or
anges
c. Br
eadandbut
ter

d.Cer
eal

34.Whatst
atementi
str
ueofwat
er-
sol
ubl
evi
tami
ns?

a.The)
”requi
resuf
fi
cientf
ati
nti
l
edi
ett
ocar
ryt
hem

b.Theyar
est
oredi
nti
l
ebodysodef
ici
enci
esar
esl
owt
oappear

c. Theyar
efai
rl
yst
abl
eincooki
ngandst
orage

d.Theyhav
etober
esuppl
i
edeachdaybecauset
hebodyexcr
eteswhati
tdoesnotneed

35.Chooset
heanswerappl
i
cabl
etov
itami
ns?

a.Goodsour
cesi
ncl
udegr
eenpepper
,cant
aloupe,
andpot
atoes

b.I
tai
dsi
nabsor
pti
onofi
ron

c. Oneofi
tsfunct
ionsi
sthef
ormat
ionandmai
ntenanceofcapi
l
lar
ywal
l
sandcol
l
agens
for
mati
on

d.Mai
ntai
nsmuscl
eandner
vef
unct
ioni
ng