EFFICACY OF GALANGA (Alpina Galangal) EXTRACT, PARAFFIN WAX,

AND EUCALYPYUS OIL IN TREATING BODY PAIN AS

ORGANIC VAPOR RUB

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

in Practical Research II

YVONNE JUSTINE M. BUNSAY

EYNNA ZHOBEL M. MARIÑO

VIDA ANGELA B. MOLINO

JHON FEL R. MINDORO

RONALYN T. MALUPA

IAN VHON H. MANZO

AILYN M. MABILOG

ARANEL M. RIVAS

NIKKO M. MINDO

PEARL R. MUSA

Grade 12 STEM

LINO M. MATEO

Practical Research II Teacher

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Pain is a very common symptom and all individuals are able to suffer from this. It

is a sensation where you felt very uncomfortable. There are different kinds of pain,

whether it is external or internal. Body discomfort is the most prevalent type of pain that

everyone experiences. In many cases, a person is exposed to this pain if they work

nonstop all day. Adults are also susceptible to this type of physical pain because their

bodies are more delicate.

There are numerous products available to address physical pain. Most of them

are herbal plants and it includes this study. These herbal plants treat any symptoms one

step ahead compared to those commercial products that are overpriced. The

researchers considered the abundance of herbal plants in the locality and conducted

this study to make good use of them and for others to avail this product in an affordable

amount. This research study is connected for aiming an affordable product with a

remarkable outcome that is a lot better than any products.

With the use of extracts from the rootstock of galangal, paraffin wax and

eucalyptus oil, a product can be produced that can help treat body pain. These plants

contain the elements that can provide remedy to body pain. Adults, teenagers and

children can receive treatment from this product.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to figure out if galangal extract, paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil

are effective to be a product for treating body pain.

General Objectives

This research study aims to discover if galangal extract, paraffin wax and

eucalyptus oil can be an effective product for treating body pain.

Specific Objective

1. This research is conducted to determine if varying the amount of galangal extract,

paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil will have an effect on treating body pain.

2. This research is conducted to determine if a product made up of galangal extract,

paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil is more effective than commercially available

treatments.

Significance of the Study

The purpose of this study is to create a product that can treat body pain will the

use of the components; galangal extract, paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil. Considering

that some of these components are not well-known, the researchers selected these

components despite of it to prove that it can be an excellent product for treating body

pain. Furthermore, the researchers also considered the functions of each component

and it resulted with the same capabilities.

Respondents. Respondents are the ones who will benefit most from this research

study. This will be able to help them treat their body pain since this only involves

symptoms like body pain.

Adults. Adults are prone to this kind of symptom. Any heavy and prolonged actions

they do have a bad result to their body. Through this research, it will help them relieve

the pain they are enduring.

Students. Students will obtain information about this research study. They will be able

to understand the benefits of a herbal plant and what great results it can give to a

person with a symptom.

Health Professionals. Health professionals can gain information about this study. They

will be able to look more into it and could perhaps make this research a certified and

authorized product.

Future Researchers. Future researchers can acquire knowledge in this study. This will

serve as a guide for them, assuming that they will have the interest to innovate this

research study for a better performance.

Scope and delimitation

This research study will be conducted to determine if galangal extract, paraffin

wax and eucalyptus oil can be an effective product for treating body pain among the

citizens of Romblon.
 The respondents of this research study will be citizens in Romblon with age

range from fifteen years old and above. It will only focus on the treatment of body pain

and no other symptoms.

Respondents who will be chosen are those who are in the neighborhood of the

researchers that are qualified to be a respondent. In that way, it will be easy for the

researchers to collect the results from the respondents.

 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

The major chemical constituents of the essential oil of K. galanga are ethyl-p-

methoxy-cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, 1,8-cineole, borneol, camphene, linoleoyl, methyl-

cinnamate and pentadecane. These chemical components show various anti-microbial

activities and nutraceutical properties. (Sunita et al., 2018)

As stated by Lester A. Wilson (2016), the green rhizomes of galanga (Alpinia

galanga (L.) Willd.) contain essential oil consisting mainly of methyl cinnamate and

cineol. It gives a pungent taste like a mixture of pepper and ginger. Medicinally, it is

useful in respiratory troubles, especially in children. The rhizomes are also carminative

and stomachic.

Eucalyptus [Eucalyptus globulus Labill (E. globulus)] belonging to the family of

Myrtaceae, is a long evergreen plant with a height up to 250 feet. It is known for its

constituents like cineole (70%–85%), aromadendrene limonene terpinene, cymene,

phellandrene, and pinene. Its oils have been used to regulate and activate the various

systems like nervous system for neuralgia, headache and debility. The immune system

boosts the immunity against measles, flu, cold and chickenpox. Leucorrhea and cystitis

of genitourinary system can also be well treated with it. Throat infections, catarrh,

coughs, bronchitis, asthma and sinusitis associated with respiratory system have been

taken care of by oils of this plant. Moreover, skin problems like wounds, cuts, burns,

herpes, and lice, insect repellent and insect bites can be treated with it. Treatment of
rheumatoid arthritis, muscle and joint pains and aches is well reported from the

essential oils of this plant. (Babar et al., 2015)

Local Literature

Plants have been one of the important sources of medicines even since the dawn

of human civilization. Inspite of tremendous development in the field of allopathy during

the 20th century, plants still remain one of the major sources of drug in the modern as

well as traditional system of medicine throughout the world. Alpinia galanga Willd.

(Family- Zingiberaceae) commonly known as galangal, is an important cultivated

medicinal crop of India. It is well known official drug throughout the country as a holistic

gift of nature for medicinal, culinary and cosmetic use. It has been found to possess

various therapeutic activities, viz. anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiallergic, antifungal,

antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiulcer, immunostimulating, anticancer, antioxidant,

antiamoebic, antidermatophytic and many more. The present paper is an overview on

scientifically established and published phyto-pharmacological properties of the plant

Eucalyptus oil (EO) and its major component, 1, 8-cineole, have antimicrobial

effects against many bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and methicillin-

resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), viruses, and fungi (including Candida).

Surprisingly for an antimicrobial substance, there are also immune-stimulatory, anti-

inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, and spasmolytic effects. Of the white blood cells,

monocytes and macrophages are most affected, especially with increased phagocytic

activity. Application by either vapor inhalation or oral route provides benefit for both

purulent and non-purulent respiratory problems, such as bronchitis, asthma, and chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is a long history of folk usage with a

good safety record. More recently, the biochemical details behind these effects have

been clarified. Although other plant oils may be more microbiologically active, the safety
of moderate doses of EO and its broad-spectrum antimicrobial action make it an

attractive alternative to pharmaceuticals. EO has also been shown to offset the

myelotoxicity of one chemotherapy agent. Whether this is a general attribute that does

not decrease the benefit of chemotherapy remains to be determined. This article also

provides instruction on how to assemble inexpensive devices for vapor inhalation.

The present paper presents the relationship between the total body-pain (TBP)

score, defined as the total number of areas shaded on a pain drawing, and the pain

from one area, the Shoulder-Neck (SN), among subjects in or out of full-time gainful

work respectively. Furthermore, relationships between pain-score, self-experienced

health (SEH) and level of mental distress, measured with the General Health

Questionnaire (GHQ) were investigated. The analysis is based on a general population

sample of 8,116 men and women, 45–60 years of age.

The rheological evaluation of semisolids by continuous shear methods is limited

in its application. However if materials are viscoelastic, their properties can be assessed

in creep testing where fundamental parameters are provided and rheological behavior

can be represented by mechanical models. Measurements have been made on a

number of ointment bases over a range of temperature. The addition of small quantities

of complex materials to paraffin ointment bases changes their behavior from elastic to

viscoelastic. As many of the materials show a characteristic change in viscoelastic

spectrum with temperature it is hoped that creep testing will provide a suitable method

for the correct rheological evaluation of many important materials.

 This chapter discusses briefly the spice Alpinia galanga (L.) Sw. (Zingiberaceae)

known commonly as galangal, greater galangal or Siamese ginger. This spice plays an

important role in the cuisines of South East Asian Countries and of Indonesia. It is a

very important medicinal plant used widely in traditional medicines of many countries,

especially in the Ayurvedic system of medicine that is prevalent in India. It is also a

garden plant, especially the variegated variety that is grown as a foliage plant mainly

along the fence lines. Inflorescence is also attractive. This chapter describes the botany,

production, chemical composition, pharmacological properties and uses of galangal in

food and in medicine before finishing with a discussion of quality issues and

adulteration. WIKIPEDIA Pain is an unpleasant sensation in the body that is triggered

by the nervous system. The onset of body pain can occur suddenly or slowly,

depending on many factors.

Theoretical Framework

Galanga (Alpina galangal) extract,

paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil as
an organic vapor rub

Effective on curing body pain

The figure above shows the theory which the study is what aiming to know.

According to A. Mukherjee, et al.,(2021)., Alpina officinarum Hance (galangal) is a

perennial ginger family plant. Galanga has been traditionally used for many years to

treat several different diseases including cold, pain, inflammation, stomach ache, and

microbial infection, and it also works as an antioxidant and anticancer agent. In this

study, the researcher will be trying the effectiveness of Galanga as a cure for body pain.
Conceptual Framework

IV-DV MODEL

Amount of Galanga
Extract Efficacy of the Product

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Figure 1 presents the research paradigm of the study. It consists of two

variables, amount of Galanga Extract as independent variable and efficacy of the

product as the dependent variable.

In Figure 1, the varying amount of Galanga extract is the variable to be

examined, while ensuring that the other components; the paraffin wax and eucalyptus

oil remain constant.

Another variable, the efficacy of the product can be defined in the relation to

medications as the extent to which the product has the ability to bring about its

intewnded effect under ideal circumstances such as a randomized clinical trial. It is

measured under the researchers’ supervision in a group of residents of Barangay Lio

and Agbaluto with age ranged from 15 and above.

Respondents can assess the product’s efficacy on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being

the highest and 1 being the lowest.

Research Paradigm

Amount of Galanga
Efficacy of the Product
Extract
 Figure 1. Research paradigm

Research Hypothesis

Galanga (Alpinia galangal) extract, paraffin wax and eucalyptus oil is not effective

in terms of threatening body pain.

Operational Definition of Terms

References

Sunita, M., Pompy, S., Mohan, L., (2018). Chemical composition and biological activity

of essential oil of Kaempferia galanga: a review. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 30.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2018.1486240

Wilson L., (2016). Spices and Flavoring Crops: Tubers and Roots. Encyclopedia of

Food and Health.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384947-2.00781-9

Babar, A., Naser, A., Saiba, S., Aftab, A., Shan, A., Firoz, A., (2015). Essential oils used

in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.05.007

AK Chudiwal, DP Jain, RS Somani CSIR, 2010

Angela E Sadlon, Davis W Lamson Alternative medicine review 15 (1), 33-43, 2010

(Altern Med Rev 2010; 15 (1): 33-47 John Ektor-Andersen, Sven-Olof Isacsson, Anna

Lindgren, Palle Ørbæk

Stanley S Davis Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 58 (4), 412-418, 1969.

Galangal Author links open overlay panelP.N.RavindranM.Divakaran

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study employed the experimental research approach, which is meant to

allow researchers to obtain knowledge regarding current existent conditions in the

subject of enquiry. The research will be guided by the researcher’ interpretation of the

theoretical perspective how to measure key constructs reliability and accurately, who or

what to sample and observe, how many people/places/things need to be sampled to

achieve adequate statistical power, and which data analytic techniques will be used.

Experimental research, according to Darci J. Hartand’s definition, is a study that follows

a scientific research design, which contains a hypothesis, a variable that the researcher

may alter, and variables that can be measured, calculated, and compared. Most

importantly, experimental research is completed in a controlled environment. The

researcher collects data and the outcomes either support or refute the hypothesis. This

method of research is referred to a hypothesis testing or a deductive research method.

Experimental research seeks to determine a relationship between two(2) variables that

dependent variable and the independent variable. After completing an experimental

research study, a correlation between a specific aspect of an entity and the variable

being studied is either supported.

Research Method

Sampling Technique Used

Research Instrument

Source of Data and Collection

Research Locale and Time of Study

This study was conducted in every selected Barangay namely; Lio and Agbaluto

during second semester of academic year 2021-2022.

Figure 2. Geographical locations of Brgy Agbaluto and Lio where the study will be

conducted.

Validation of Instruments

Method of Data Processing and Analysis

Statistical Treatment of Data