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    Aufbau-Perodic Table02

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    This document discusses electron configurations and the aufbau principle for building up electron configurations based on the periodic table. It provides the order that subshells are filled, with the 1s subshell filling first with up to 2 electrons and then proceeding to the 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p etc. subshells in order. Examples are given of writing out full and abbreviated electron configurations for elements like titanium, potassium, vanadium and its ion.

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    Aufbau-Perodic Table02

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    This document discusses electron configurations and the aufbau principle for building up electron configurations based on the periodic table. It provides the order that subshells are filled, with the 1s subshell filling first with up to 2 electrons and then proceeding to the 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p etc. subshells in order. Examples are given of writing out full and abbreviated electron configurations for elements like titanium, potassium, vanadium and its ion.

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    This document discusses electron configurations and the aufbau principle for building up electron configurations based on the periodic table. It provides the order that subshells are filled, with the 1s subshell filling first with up to 2 electrons and then proceeding to the 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p etc. subshells in order. Examples are given of writing out full and abbreviated electron configurations for elements like titanium, potassium, vanadium and its ion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Aufbau-Perodic Table02

    Uploaded by

    infinitumeyes
    This document discusses electron configurations and the aufbau principle for building up electron configurations based on the periodic table. It provides the order that subshells are filled, with the 1s subshell filling first with up to 2 electrons and then proceeding to the 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p etc. subshells in order. Examples are given of writing out full and abbreviated electron configurations for elements like titanium, potassium, vanadium and its ion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    CSUS – CH6A aufbau diagram of Parodic Table Instructor: J.T.

    Electron configurations to describe and communicate the arrangement of


    electrons around the nucleus of atoms.
    Steps for determining electron configurations:

    1. Identify how many electrons are in the atom or in ion.

    Example: Carbon has 6 electrons, Al3+ has 10 electrons.


    2. Determine the principal energy level (n) of the atom

    n = 2 for carbon (it is in the second period), n=3 aluminum (it is in the third period).

    3. Determine the number of sublevels.

     For the principal energy level (n) there are sublevels (l= 0, 1, 2, 3, n-1).
     Example: for n = 4, l = 0,1,2,3
     Each sublevel has a letter name as:
    l = 0 l = 1 l = 2 l = 3 l =4
    S P d f g
     Maximum electrons in each subshell:

    S P d f g
    2 6 10 14 18

    4. Assign electrons to the sublevels as: 𝑛𝑙#𝑒 follow the order of the subshells (aufbau
    rule = building-up principle) in the periodic table: Move from top to the bottom periods
    (rows) in order & from left to right of each period (row).

    Aufbau Parodic Table


    n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
    1 1S 1S
    2 2S 2p
    3 3S 3p
    4 4S 3d 4p
    5 5S 4d 5p
    6 6S 4f 5d 6p
    7 7S 5f 6d

    In order as: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p…
    CSUS – CH6A aufbau diagram of Parodic Table Instructor: J.T.

     1s will be filled first, with the maximum of 2 electrons.


     2s will be filled next, with the maximum of 2 electrons.
     2p will be filled next, with the maximum of 6 electrons.
     Continue until no any electrons left.

    Example: write electron configuration for titanium (Ti) atom.


     Look at the periodic table, atomic number is 22. (For a normal atom,
    atomic number gives number of electrons).
     Follow the subshells order (aufbau rule):
    n = 22

    22𝑇𝑖:
    2 2 6 2 6 2 2
    1s , 2s , 2p , 3s , 3p , 4s , 3d
    Also, an abbreviated method for electron configurations is to use the Core Electrons
    (Noble Gas Core) for presentation of electron configuration:

     Choose the nearest noble gas to the element in your question.


     Use square brackets [ ] around the chemical symbol of the noble gas.
     Continue to write remaining subshell after the noble gas core.

    An Example: Write electron configuration for potassium atom.


    Solution:
     The nearest noble gas element to the potassium is argon (Ar).
     The electron configuration for argon is:
    Ar: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
     The electron configuration for potassium is:
    K: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
     As we see Potassium has an argon core plus 4s1
     The abbreviated electron configuration for potassium is:
    K: [Ar] 4s1
    An Example: Write electron configurations for vanadium atom and vanadium ion (𝑉 3+ ).

    Answer: 𝑉: [𝐴𝑟] 4𝑠 2 , 3𝑑 3
    𝑉 3+ : [𝐴𝑟]3𝑑 2
    Special rule:

    In general, electrons are removed from the valence-shell s orbitals before they
    are removed from valence d orbitals when transition metals are ionized.

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