Garmin G5

Electronic Flight Instrument

Part 23 AML STC Pilot’s Guide

190-01112-12 April 2017 Revision 2

 ©2016-2017 Garmin International or its subsidiaries
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Garmin International, Inc

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Telephone: 913-397-8200
Technical Support and Field Service Engineers: 888.606.5482
www.flyGarmin.com

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2345 Turner Rd. SE
Salem, OR 97302 USA
Telephone: 503.581.8101

Garmin G5 Part 23 AML STC Pilot’s Guide 190-01112-12

Rev. 2
Page A
 RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision Revision Date Description
1 7/21/16 Initial Release
2 4/19/17 Add G5 HSI

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Page B
 INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS
This document may contain information which is subject to the Export Administration Regulations
(“EAR”) issued by the United States Department of Commerce (15 CFR, Chapter VII, Subchapter C)
and which may not be exported, released, or disclosed to foreign nationals inside or outside of the United
States without first obtaining an export license. A violation of the EAR may be subject to a penalty of
up to 10 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $1,000,000 under Section 2410 of the Export
Administration Act of 1979. Include this notice with any reproduced portion of this document.

NOTE:
The display uses a lens with a special coating that may be sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and
abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-
REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and
a cleaner that is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings. Avoid any chemical cleaners or
solvents that can damage plastic components.

NOTE:
Use of polarized eyewear may cause the display to appear dim or blank.

NOTE
All images used in this document are current at the time of publication but are subject to change
and may not be up to date.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION ................................................................................................................................................PAGE
1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 G5 Electronic Flight Instrument ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Bezel Overview ................................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 microSD™ Cards ............................................................................................................................... 3
2 OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................ 4
2.1 G5 Annunciations ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 G5 Attitude ....................................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 G5 Heading ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.4 Backlight Intensity ............................................................................................................................ 6
3 ACCESSING FUNCTIONALITY .............................................................................................................. 7
3.1 Pages ............................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Menu ................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.3 PFD Page ......................................................................................................................................... 8
3.4 HSI Page ........................................................................................................................................ 18
3.5 Navigation ...................................................................................................................................... 21
4 SYSTEM MESSAGES ........................................................................................................................... 25

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1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.1 G5 Electronic Flight Instrument

The G5 Electronic Flight Instrument is installed as an attitude display indicator (ADI) and/or
horizontal situation indicator (HSI). The G5 contains integrated attitude/air data sensors that
provide display of attitude and secondary display of air data information. The G5 can also be
interfaced to an external sensor to provide heading information. The G5 features a bright, sunlight
readable, 3.5-inch color display. In the case of aircraft power loss, the G5 battery sustains the
G5 flight display with up to 4 hours of power.

G5 Electronic Flight Instrument (ADI) G5 Electronic Flight Instrument (HSI)

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1.2 Bezel Overview

Power On/Off microSD™

Backlight Card Slot Knob
Ambient
Light Sensor
G5 Bezel Overview

Power Press to turn unit ON. Press and hold for 5 seconds to turn unit
Button OFF. Once on, press to adjust the backlight.

microSD Insert microSD card to update software and log data.

Card Slot

Press to access the Menu

From the Menu, press to select the desired menu item.
Press
Press to accept the displayed value when editing numeric data or
selecting from a list.

Knob From the Main Menu, turn the Knob to move the cursor to the
desired menu item.
For the ADI, rotate to adjust the barometric setting.
Turn
For the HSI, rotate to adjust the heading or track bug.
Turn to select the desired value when editing numeric data or
selecting from a list.

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1.3 MicroSD™ Cards

The G5 data card slot uses micro Secure Digital (SD) cards. The microSD™ card can be used for
software updates and data logging. The maximum supported card size is 32GB.
Installing a microSD™ Card:
1) Insert the microSD™ card in the microSD™ card slot with the card contacts facing down
(the card should be flush with the face of the bezel).
2) To eject the card, gently press on the microSD™ card to release the spring latch.

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2 OPERATION

2.1 G5 Annunciations

When a G5 function fails, a large red ‘X’ is displayed over the instrument(s) or data experiencing
the failure. Upon G5 power-up, certain instruments remain invalid as equipment begins to
initialize. All instruments should be operational within one minute of power-up. If any instrument
remains flagged and it is not likely an installation related problem, the G5 should be serviced by
a Garmin-authorized repair facility.

G5 ADI Failure Indications

G5 HSI Failure Indications

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2.2 G5 Attitude
The G5 calculates aircraft attitude using information from its built-in inertial sensors. The G5 also
uses GPS and airspeed data to provide the most accurate attitude information. The G5 should
display valid attitude within the first minute of power-up.
If the G5 senses that the attitude solution is valid, but not yet within the internal accuracy limits,
"ALIGNING" is displayed. The displayed attitude information is still accurate and usable while
this indication is shown. The G5 can align itself both while taxiing and during level flight.

Attitude Aligning Indication

If the G5 senses that the attitude solution is invalid, “ALIGNING KEEP WINGS LEVEL” is
displayed. No attitude information is displayed while this indication is shown. The G5 can align
itself both while taxiing and during level flight.

Attitude Aligning Keep Wings Level Indication

If the G5 inertial sensors fail, “ATTITUDE FAIL” is displayed in addition to a red-X flag. No attitude
information is displayed while this indication is shown.

Attitude Failure Indication

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2.3 G5 Heading

The G5 can display magnetic heading information received from the GMU 11 magnetometer. If
magnetic heading input data is not available, the G5 will display GPS-derived ground track and
the heading field will have a red-X displayed.

Heading Fail (ADI) Heading Fail (HSI)

If both magnetic heading and GPS are unavailable, the heading field will have a red-X displayed
and the compass card will be removed from the HSI.

Heading/Track Fail (ADI) Heading/Track Fail (HSI)

The G5 corrects for shifts and variations in the Earth’s magnetic field by applying the Magnetic
Field Variation Database. The Magnetic Field Variation Database is derived from the International
Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF). The IGRF is a mathematical model that describes the
Earth’s main magnetic field and its annual rate of change. The database is updated approximately
every 5 years via a software update. Failure to update this database could lead to erroneous
heading information being displayed to the pilot.
If the G5 senses that the magnetic heading measurement is valid but possibly outside of the
internal accuracy limits, the numeric heading is displayed in yellow.

2.4 Backlight Intensity

When set to Auto, the backlight is automatically adjusted according to ambient light conditions.
When set to Manual, the backlight level is set by the pilot.
Adjusting backlight intensity:
1) While the unit is turned on, press the Power Button.
2) Turn the Knob to adjust the backlight intensity.
3) Press the Knob to close the backlight page.
Setting the backlight intensity to automatic:
1) While the unit is turned on, press the Power Button.
2) Press the Power Button again to select Auto.
3) Press the Knob to close the backlight page.

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3 ACCESSING FUNCTIONALITY

3.1 Pages

The G5 has two main pages, the PFD page and the HSI page. When installed as an ADI, the G5
displays the PFD Page only. When installed as an HSI, the G5 displays the HSI Page primarily
but can display the PFD page as a backup to the ADI.

PFD Page HSI Page

3.2 Menu

Press the Knob to access the G5 Menu. Navigate the menu by rotating the Knob and make
selections by pressing the Knob.

PFD Page Menu HSI Page Menu

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3.3 PFD Page

The G5 PFD Page displays a horizon, airspeed, attitude, altitude, and vertical speed, as well as
heading and course deviation information if combined with a G5 HSI.
The following flight instruments and supplemental flight data are displayed on the PFD Page:

22 21 20 19 18 17

16
1
15
2
14
3 13
4
12
5
11
6
7 10

8 9

G5 PFD Flight Instruments

1 Airspeed Indicator 12 Vertical Speed Indicator

2 Attitude Indicator 13 Current Altitude
3 Pitch Scale 14 VNAV Indicator or Vertical Deviation Indicator
4 Current Airspeed 15 Altimeter
5 Aircraft Symbol 16 Selected Altitude
6 Course Deviation Indicator 17 Navigation Course
7 Slip/Skid Indicator 18 Current Heading or Ground Track
8 Ground Speed (GS) 19 Ground Track
9 Altimeter Barometer Setting 20 Selected Heading or Ground Track
10 Turn Rate Indicator 21 Vspeed Reference
11 Selected Altitude Bug 22 Battery Status Indicator

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3.3.1 Airspeed Indicator

NOTE:
The G5 Vspeed Reference values depend upon the aircraft’s specific system configuration and
may vary from the examples discussed in this section.

The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The
numeric labels and major tick marks on the moving tape are marked at intervals of 10 MPH or
KT, as indicated at bottom of airspeed tape). The actual airspeed is displayed inside the black
pointer. The pointer remains black until reaching never-exceed speed (VNE), at which point it
turns red.
A color-coded (red, white, green, yellow, and red/white “barber pole”) speed range strip is located
on the moving tape. The colors denote flaps operating range, normal operating range, caution
range, and never-exceed speed (VNE). A red range is also present for low speed awareness.
The Airspeed Trend Vector is a vertical, magenta line, extending up or down on the airspeed
scale, shown to the right of the color-coded speed range strip. The end of the trend vector
corresponds to the predicted airspeed in 6 seconds if the current rate of acceleration is
maintained. If the trend vector crosses VNE, the text of the actual airspeed readout changes to
yellow. The trend vector is absent if the speed remains constant or if any data needed to calculate
airspeed is not available due to a system failure.

Airspeed Color Ranges

Actual Airspeed
Airspeed Trend Vector

Vspeed References
Ground Speed

Airspeed Indicator

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3.3.2 Vspeed Reference

Vspeed references including VNE, Vno, Vso, Vs1, Vfe, Va, Vx, Vy, VYse, Vg, Vr, are displayed on the G5
(as configured during installation.)
When airspeed is present, the Vspeeds configured are displayed at their respective locations to
the right of the airspeed scale; otherwise, the Vspeeds are displayed at the bottom of the airspeed
indicator.

Vspeed References

Vspeed References

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3.3.3 Attitude Indicator

Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon
line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch (indicated by the yellow symbolic aircraft on the
pitch scale), roll, and slip/skid information.
The horizon line is part of the pitch scale. Pitch markings occur at 2.5˚ intervals through all pitch
ranges. When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons
pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator starting at 60˚ above and 40˚
below the horizon line.
The inverted white triangle indicates zero on the roll scale. Major tick marks at 30˚ and 60˚ and
minor tick marks at 10˚, 20˚, and 45˚ are shown to the left and right of the zero. Angle of bank is
indicated by the position of the pointer on the roll scale.
Slip/skid is indicated by the location of the ball.

1 8

2
7
3

4
6

Attitude Indicator

1 Roll Pointer
2 Roll Scale
3 Horizon Line
4 Aircraft Symbol
5 Slip/Skid Indicator
6 Land Representation
7 Pitch Scale
8 Sky Representation
9 Roll Scale Zero

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3.3.4 Altimeter

The Altimeter displays 400 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a rolling number gauge
using a moving tape. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet.
Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer.
The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug
symbol. A bug corresponding to this altitude is shown on the tape. If the Selected Altitude
exceeds the range shown on the tape, the bug appears at the corresponding edge of the tape.
Setting the selected altitude:
1) Press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select Altitude and use the Knob to change the Selected Altitude.
Syncing to the current altitude:
1) Press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select Altitude and press and hold the Knob to sync the Selected Altitude to the current
altitude.

Selected Altitude

Selected Altitude Bug

Barometric Setting
Altimeter

3.3.5 Barometric Pressure

The barometric pressure setting is displayed below the Altimeter in inches of mercury (in Hg).
Selecting the altimeter barometric pressure setting:
Turn the Knob to set the barometric pressure.

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3.3.6 Altitude Alerting

The Altitude Alerting function provides the pilot with a visual alert when approaching the Selected
Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, the Altitude Alerter is reset. The following
will occur when approaching the Selected Altitude:
• Passing within 1000 feet of the Selected Altitude, the Selected Altitude (shown above
the Altimeter) flashes for 5 seconds.
• When the aircraft passes within 200 ft of the Selected Altitude, the Selected Altitude
flashes for 5 seconds to indicate that the aircraft is approaching the selected altitude.
• After reaching the Selected Altitude, if the pilot flies outside the deviation band (±200
Feet of the Selected Altitude), the Selected Altitude changes to yellow text on a black
background, flashes for 5 seconds.

Deviation of ±200 ft

Altitude Alerting Visual Annunciation

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3.3.7 Turn Rate Indicator

The Turn Rate Indicator is located at the bottom of the PFD Page. A magenta Turn Rate Trend
Vector shows the current turn rate. A standard-rate turn (3 deg/sec) is shown on the indicator by
the trend vector stopping at the standard turn rate tick mark.

Turn Rate
Trend Vector

Turn Rate Indicator

(Standard Rate Tick Marks)

Turn Rate Indicator

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3.3.8 Heading/Ground Track

A Heading/Ground Track Tape is displayed at the top of the PFD Page and displays numeric
labels every 10°. Major tick marks are at 5° intervals and minor tick marks at 1° intervals. Heading
is displayed if a G5 HSI is installed and magnetometer data is available; otherwise, Track is
displayed. The current track is represented by a magenta triangle. The Heading/Ground Track
Tape also displays the navigation course.
When displaying Selected Heading, a light blue bug on the tape corresponds to the selected
heading. When displaying Ground Track, a magenta bug is displayed on the tape.
Adjusting the selected heading or ground track:
1) Press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select Heading or Track and use the Knob to change the selected heading or track.
Syncing to the current heading or ground track:
1) Press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select Heading or Track and press and hold the Knob to sync the selected heading or
ground track to the current heading or ground track.
Current
Heading
Selected Current
Heading Ground
Bug Track

Selected Heading

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 Current Selected
Ground Ground
Track Track Bug

Selected Ground Track

3.3.9 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)

The Vertical Speed Indicator displays the aircraft vertical speed using a non-moving tape to the
right of the altimeter. The current vertical speed is displayed using a white arrow along the tape.

Current Vertical Speed

Vertical Speed Indicator

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3.3.10 Battery Status Indicator

When the G5 is powered by the battery, the estimated time until the battery is empty is displayed
in hours and minutes. The current charge level of the battery is indicated by the filled-in portion
of the battery icon. The battery icon turns yellow or red to indicate a low-battery condition.

41-100%

21-40%

0-20%

The battery is required for the G5 unit installed as an attitude display indicator (ADI) and is optional
for the G5 unit installed as a horizontal situation indicator (HSI).
Other battery indications:

Battery charger hardware fault, or temperature too high or low to

charge the battery safely

Battery fault

Battery is not present

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3.4 HSI Page

The G5 HSI Page displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate
the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and
minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. The current ground track is represented on the HSI by magenta
triangle and a dashed line. The HSI also presents course deviation, bearing, and navigation
source information. The following items are displayed on the HSI Page:
15 14
1
13

2
12

11
3

4 10

5 9

7 8
Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)

1 Distance to Waypoint 8 Selected Heading

2 Battery Status Indicator 9 OBS Annunciator
3 Navigation Source 10 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
4 Aircraft Symbol 11 GPS CDI Scale
5 Navigator Messages 12 Bearing Pointer
6 Rotating Compass Rose 13 Heading Bug
7 Ground Speed (GS) 14 Current Heading
15 Current Ground Track Indicator

3 Nav Source Annunciations 11 GPS CDI Scale Annunciations

GPS/ VLOC/ VOR/ LOC/ LP LPV LNAV
GPS1/ VLOC1/ VOR1 LOC1/ LNAV/VNAV LNAV+V APR
GPS2 VLOC2 VOR2 LOC2 TERM ENR OCN
5 Navigator Messages Annunciations
LOI Loss of GPS Integrity MSG Pending Nav Message
DR GPS Dead-Reckoning Mode WPT Waypoint Arrival

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3.4.1 Bearing Pointer

A bearing pointer can be displayed on the HSI for NAV (VOR) and GPS sources. The bearing
pointer is cyan. The bearing pointer never overrides the CDI and is visually separated from the
CDI by a white ring (shown when the bearing pointer is selected but not necessarily visible due
to data unavailability).

Bearing
Pointer

HSI Page with Bearing Pointer

Enabling/disabling the bearing pointer:
1) From the HSI Page, press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Turn the Knob to highlight Bearing Pointer.
3) Press the Knob to enable or disable the Bearing Pointer.

Bearing Pointer Menu Option

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3.4.2 Heading/Ground Track

The Selected Heading or Ground Track is shown to the right of the HSI. The cyan bug (heading)
or magenta bug (ground track) on the compass rose corresponds to the Selected Heading or
Ground Track. Heading is displayed if magnetometer data is available; otherwise, Ground Track
is displayed.
Adjusting the selected heading or ground track from the HSI page:
Turn the Knob to adjust the selected heading or ground track.
Syncing to the current heading or ground track from the HSI page:
Press and hold the Knob to sync to the current heading or ground track.

Selected Heading Selected Ground Track

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3.5 Navigation

The G5 will only display data from the #1 navigation source. If the navigation source is a
GNS/GTN unit, both GPS and VLOC data can be displayed.

3.5.1 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)

The PFD Page displays the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) above the slip/skid indicator. The
HSI contains a Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) with a Course Pointer. The course pointer (GPS
or VLOC) points in the direction of the selected course.
The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right along a lateral deviation scale to display
aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not
displayed.
The CDI is capable of displaying two sources of navigation: GPS or NAV (VOR, localizer). Color
indicates the current navigation source: magenta (for GPS) or green (for VOR and LOC). The
full-scale limits for the CDI are defined by a GPS-derived distance when coupled to GPS. When
coupled to a VOR or localizer (LOC), the CDI has the same angular limits as a mechanical CDI.
Changing the navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC, or VLOC):
Use the #1 external navigator to toggle between GPS and VOR/LOC source types.

Course
Deviation
Indicator

Course Deviation Indicator (PFD Page)

Course
Deviation
Indicator

Course Deviation Indicator (HSI Page)

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3.5.2 Vertical Deviation (Glideslope) Indicator - ILS Source

The Vertical Deviation (Glideslope) Indicator (VDI) appears to the left of the altimeter (PFD page) and to the
right of the compass rose (HSI page) whenever an ILS frequency is tuned in the active NAV field of an
external navigator. A green diamond acts as the VDI, like a glideslope needle on a conventional indicator.
If a localizer frequency is tuned and there is no glideslope signal, “NO GS” is annunciated.

Vertical
Deviation
Indicator Vertical
Deviation
Indicator

Vertical Deviation Indicator Vertical Deviation Indicator

(Glideslope ILS Source) (Glideslope ILS Source)
(PFD Page) (HSI Page)

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3.5.3 Vertical Deviation (Glidepath) Indicator - GPS Source

The Vertical Deviation (Glidepath) Indicator (VDI) also appears to the left of the altimeter (PFD page) and to
the right of the compass rose (HSI page) during a GPS approach. The glidepath is analogous to the
glideslope for GPS approaches supporting WAAS vertical guidance (LNAV+V, L/VNAV, LPV). The
Glidepath Indicator appears on the G5 as a magenta diamond. If the approach type downgrades past the
final approach fix (FAF), “NO GP” is annunciated.

Vertical Vertical
Deviation Deviation
Source Source

Vertical
Vertical Deviation
Deviation Indicator
Indicator

Vertical Deviation Indicator Vertical Deviation Indicator

(Glidepath GPS Source) (Glidepath GPS Source)
(PFD Page) (HSI Page)

3.5.4 VNAV Indicator

The magenta chevron (VNAV Indicator) to the left of the altimeter (PFD page) and to the right of
the compass rose (HSI page) on the Vertical Deviation Scale displays the VNAV profile.

VNAV
VNAV Indicator
Indicator

VNAV Indicator VNAV Indicator

(PFD Page) (HSI Page)

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3.5.5 Course Selection

When the G5 is receiving VOR or LOC data, a Course menu option is displayed.
Setting the course for a VOR or localizer:
1) From the HSI Page, press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select Course and use the Knob to adjust the course.

Course on HSI Page

3.5.6 OBS Selection

When OBS is activated on the navigator, an OBS menu option is displayed.

Setting the OBS:
1) From the HSI Page, press the Knob to display the Menu.
2) Select OBS and use the Knob to adjust the OBS (course).

OBS on HSI Page

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4 SYSTEM MESSAGES
The following table shows G5 system messages that may appear along the bottom of the display. These
messages remain while the condition persists or until cleared by pressing the knob.
Message Meaning
External Power Lost Aircraft power has been removed from the G5
Critical battery fault! Battery has critical fault condition and the unit is about to power off to
Powering off… avoid damage to the battery.
Battery fault Battery has a fault condition - contact Garmin if it persists.
Battery charger fault Battery charger has a fault condition - contact Garmin if it persists.
Low battery Battery charge level is low
Hardware fault Unit has a hardware fault - contact Garmin for service
Power supply fault Unit power supply fault detected - contact Garmin for service if it persists
Unit temperature limit Unit is too hot or too cold
exceeded
Network address Another G5 with the same address is detected on the network (most
conflict commonly a wiring error on one of the units)
Communication error General communication error (most commonly appears in conjunction
with Network Address Conflict message)
Factory calibration Unit calibration data not valid - return to Garmin
data invalid
Magnetic field model Internal magnetic field database is out of date - software update required
database out of date
Using external GPS GPS data from another network LRU is being used. The unit's internal
data GPS receiver is enabled, but unable to establish a GPS fix

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