Reviewer 4 - 667 Questions
Reviewer 4 - 667 Questions
Reviewer 4 - 667 Questions
24. How many concrete cores shall be taken for one (1) kilometre concrete pavement?
5 holes/km/lane
25. What is the moisture content of the soil having an original weight of 162.5 grams and an oven –
dried weight of 138.2 grams? Orig Wt of soil – Oven Dry Wt of soil (162.5 – 138.2)
17.58% (computation) MC = ----------------------------------------------- = ---------------------- x 100 =17.58%
Oven Dry Wt of Soil 138.2
26. If the group index of a soil is high, what indication does it mean?
the soil is clayey
27. As a material Engineer, how can you determine that the sample placed in the oven is already
oven – dried?
if the sample reaches its constant weight
28. In oven drying a sample for test, what temperature shall be maintained?
110 ± 5˚C
29. Why is it that cooling an oven dried sample before weighing is advisable?
because it can affect its weight
30. What is the difference between hygroscopic moisture content from natural moisture content?
hygroscopic moisture content is the moisture content of an air-dried sample
natural moisture content is the moisture content of the original sample from the
field.
31. For how many bags of cement does a 10 kgs. sample represents?
2000 bags
32. For 15, 000 kgs RSB, how many samples shall be submitted for Quality Test?
2 pcs – 1m sample
33. An admixture is being introduced to the fresh concrete for heavily reinforced concrete structure
using a pumpcrete to pump out the fresh concrete mix, what admixtures should it be?
Super-plasticizer / Fluidizers
34. What is the use of blown asphalt?
as joint filler and water proofing
35. What asphalt is commonly known as hot asphalt or penetration grade asphalt?
Asphalt Cement
36. How many days does the sample for Immersion – Compression Test be soaked in water?
4 days @ 50˚C
37. If ductility test is for asphalt, __________ is for cement? Consistency.
Magnesium Oxide, Insoluble Residue, Loss on Ignition
38. Reflectorized paint is composed of ______.
35% vehicle, 50% pigment, 15% beads
39. What is the size of tamping rod used in tampering concrete sample?
16mm Ø x 610mm long with hemispherical tip
40. What is the temperature to be maintained when curing sample after its initial curing?
23˚C ± 1.7˚C
41. Concrete cylinders are cured and ready for test. Temperature between 63˚F to 85˚F (17.2 –
29.4˚C) are permitted for a period not to exceed ______ hours immediately prior to test if free
moisture is maintained on the surface of the specimen at all times
3 hours
42. The molds of specimen not be transported shall be removed after initial curing of _____ hours
and should be cured to the standard curing temperature of 73.4˚F ± 3˚F.(23⁰C±16⁰C)
24 hours
43. High plasticity index means______ of a solid.
high degree of compressibility
44. Sample to be used for liquid limit and plastic limit tests should pass to what sieve?
No. 40 (0.425mm)
45. What compaction rammer shall be used if the spec given for Moisture – Density Relation Test
(MDR) is T – 1802.
4.54 kg with 457mm drop (10 lbs – 18” drop)
46. A bean mold measuring 6” x 6” x 20 is to be used for sampling concrete, how many
blows/tamps per layer shall be applied? ((1 blows per 2in2)
60 blows /layers
47. If asphalt mix having a weight of 3,020g and an aggregate weighing 2,865.98g, what is the %
asphalt by weight of mix? Wt of Asphalt Mix – Wt of Aggregates 3,020 – 2,865.98
5.10% (computation Asphalt % = --------------------------------------------------- =-------------------- x 100 = 5.1%
Wt of Asphalt Mix 3,020
50. Applying the tolerance of 0.4% for asphalt content to your answer in Prob. 47, what is the
acceptable range of asphalt content?
4.7% to 5.5% 5.1 - .4 = 4.7%
5.1 + .4= 5.5%
51. An embankment having a PI of 30%, LL of 40% and GI of 0, what is the degree of compaction
for this kind of soil?
95% degree of compaction (provide computation)
52. The minimum cement factor for concrete Class “A” is 9 bags/cu.m, how about for concrete
Class “B”?
8 bags/cu.m
53. Quality control testing in a DPWH project is the responsibility of the______?
Contractor
54. As Materials Engineer when is the right time to start sampling and testing aggregates?
Once the source is identified
55. The minimum compressive strength for concrete Class “P” is 5,000 psi, what is the minimum
compressive strength for concrete Class “C”
3000 psi (A-3000psi, B-2,400psi, C-3000psi, P-5000psi, S-3000psi)
56. The volume of concrete mixer per batch shall not exceed the mixer’s nominal capacity in cu.m
as shown on the manufacturer’s standard plate on the mixer, except that an overload up to
____ per cent above the mixer’s nominal capacity may be permitted provided concrete test data
for strength, segregation, and uniform consistency are satisfactory, and provided that no
spillage of concrete takes place.
10%
57. Where do we take additional cores when the measurement of any core taken from pavement is
deficient in thickness by more than 25mm?
at no less than 5 meter intervals parallel to the centreline in each direction from
the affected location
58. Under what climatic condition do we use lower penetration grade or hard asphalt?
Hot climate (cold climate – higher penetration grade or soft asphalt)
59. What is the basis for the acceptance or rejection of any construction material?
Materials test result/reports
60. Penetration test is for asphalt: cement is to______?
Consistency
61. Slump test is a very important test in fresh concrete to determine _________?
consistency of concrete
62. How many samples should be taken for an asphalt mix for each full day’s operation?
at least one (1) but not to exceed three (3) samples
63. The thickness of asphalt core using a calliper is based on how many measurements?
four(4)
64. The thickness of concrete core using calliper is based on how many measurements?
nine (9)
65. Failed samples do not necessarily mean that the structure it represents is defective, why?
may be the sampling is incorrect
66. The specification calls for a 1:2:4 concrete mix. In a one bigger mixer, which of the following
amount of water is most likely required for the mix?
20 liters
67. The spot test on asphalt is used to determine______.
overheating during the process of manufacture
68. How many samples shall be submitted for test if 315 pails of flat wall enamel paint are to be
used in the project?
four (4) pails (1pail /100pails)
3
69. Aggregate Sub – base course has a volume of 5,000 m and to be laid in a 15cm compacted
depth. How many samples shall be submitted for CBR test and for sieve analysis?
3 3
(1 Sieve test /300m 1 CBR / 2500 m )
2 samples for CBR and 17 samples for sieve analysis
70. How many samples shall be submitted for quality test if 60 tons if Bituminous Prime Coat is to
be used in the project?
Two (2) samples (1 sample /40tons)
71. How many compaction tests shall be conducted for item 201 having a volume of 8,250 cu.m?
Six (6) compaction tests (1test /1,500m3)
72. What composed of Materials Quality Control Monthly Reports?
Summary of field tests and status of test
73. What is the required mixing of mortar for Item 505 (Stone Masonry)?
1:2 (1 part cement and 2 parts sand by volume with sufficient water)
74. What is the required mixing of mortar for item 500 (Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains)?
1:2 (1 part cement and 2 parts sand by volume with sufficient water)
75. Before the project starts, the Materials Engineer or the technician must have a program on how
many samples for each item of work should be tested based on the minimum testing
requirements. What program or report is this?
Quality Control Program
76. If sample splitter is not available for use in reducing samples for test, what is the alternative way
of reducing sample for testing size?
apply quartering method and get two opposite sides as sample
77. The road will not be opened to traffic until test specimens molded and cured have attained the
minimum strength requirements. If such tests are not conducted prior to the specified age the
pavement shall not be operated to traffic until ______days after the concrete was placed.
Fourteen (14)
78. As work progresses, the Material Engineer should know how many sample has been submitted
and tested and how many samples are to be submitted, in other words the ME must refer to
what report so that he/she may be updated on the balance and on file quality test of the
construction materials being used in the project.
Status of Test
79. It is the minimum moisture content at which the soil can be molded without breaking or
crumbling up to 1/8” (3.2mm).
Plastic Limit
80. The ___________ is expressed as the moisture content corresponding to 25 blows.
Liquid Limit
81. The concrete has been tested for consistency by the use of a slump cone with base and
tamping rod. After the test, the highest concrete measured is 178 mm. What is the slump of the
concrete?
127mm (height of slump cone = 305mm)-(height of fresh conc after subsidence = 178)
82. What is the rate of revolution per time of an abrasion machine used for testing the mass percent
of water?
30 – 33 rpm
83. If the design of concrete mix has the following corrected batch weights: current = 40 kgs, fine
aggregates = 65 kgs, coarse aggregate = 115 kgs, and water = 15 liters. What is your actual
batch weight for 1 cu.m Class “A” concrete?
360 bags of cement; 585 kgs of the aggregations; 1035 kgs of coarse
aggregates; 130 liters of water (provide computation)
84. After the soil has been tested in an Abrasion Machine, the mass % of water computed is equal
to 21%. If this material is for item 201, does it pass the DPWH specs?
yes, because the specs is 50% maximum
85. Quality Control Assurance Report should be submitted every_______?
week
86. One of the duties of Materials Engineer is to see to it that all the construction materials be
tested:
before it is incorporated into work
87. What is the maximum depth or roadway embankment per horizontal layer in loose
measurement?
200mm loose measurement
88. Why is it that 6 samples are needed for quality test of concrete masonry?
3 samples for compressive strength and 3 samples for absorption
89. Sample submitted for test should have a tag bearing the name of the project, the quantity
represented, kind of sample, original source, who sampled and who submitted it, the date
sampled and date submitted and etc. What is the common name of the tag for you as Materials
Engineer?
Sample Card
90. If course aggregate like embankment is to be placed in layers, how many layers should a 40cm
thick Aggregate Base Course is placed?
Three (3) (150mm/layer)
91. The ME should always be alert of his schedule with regards to the number of days of a quality
test that takes place. Since not all construction materials can be tested just for a day or even a
week so, what is the lead time should he consider for a quality test of a cement sample?
One (1) month
92. CBR Sample for test has been compacted but it should be soaked for how many ______days
before testing?
Four (4)
93. If sieve analysis and plasticity test are used for Soil Classification, what test that its result be
used in field density test?
Compaction Test or Moisture Density Relation Test
94. Heavy rains occur the night before prior to your schedule field density test, are you going to
pursue your schedule? Why?
No, because the moisture content is high and can affect the result
95. Checking the gradation of composite aggregates and asphalt content of asphalt mix can be
done by what test?
Extraction Test
96. What is the device used in testing for liquid limit test?
Liquid limit device with grooving tool
97. What apparatus is used in plastic limit test?
Glass Plate
98. How long does a vibrator be inserted in a concrete mix?
not exceed to 15 seconds at 50 – 60 cm interval
99. Along the slope of high embankment ________ is provided as an erosion control measures and
also to improve the stability of the slope.
Berm
100. In soil and sub – surface explorations for flood control design of foundation condition, a soil
sample was taken for taken for field and laboratory tests. The test required for soil was taken,
except
Specific gravity, abrasion, water content, atterberg limits, gradation, compaction,
relative density
101. Structure crossing above such covered underground drainage conduit shall be laid at least
_____ above the top of the conduit.
1.0 m, 0.5 m, 1.5m, 2.0m
102. Class for stones for riprap ringing from 30kgs to a maximum of 70 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 50 kgs.
Class B 30-70(50% ˃ 50kgs)
103. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 15kgs to a maximum of 25kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 20kgs.
Class A 15-25(50% ˃ 20kgs)
104. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 60 kgs to a maximum of 100 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 80kgs.
Class C 60-100(50% ˃ 80kgs)
105. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 100 kgs to a maximum of 200 kgs with at least 50% of
the stones weighing more than 150kgs.
Class D 100-200(50% ˃150kgs)
106. The maximum size of stone for stone masonry.
150 mm
183. In item 203, how much is he required mass percent of lime to be added to the soil aggregate?
3% to 12%
184. Minimum soaked CBR for item 203
100%
185. Required percent compaction for item 203
100%
186. Equipment to be used for initial rolling
Pneumatic tire rolling
203. Steel bars placed along longitudinal joints to hold the adjoining slabs together.
tie bars
204. The concrete pavement surface shows high spots of 15mm in a 3 – m straight edge. The concrete
in the area represented by these high spots______
shall be removed and replaced (but if high spots being noted exceeds 3 mm but
exceeding 12 mm, it shall be ground down only)
205. The calibration of the Universal Testing Machine is conducted______
once a year
206. What is the sampling requirement of bituminous mixture?
1 sample per 130 tonnes
207. What is the depth of the armored thermometer inserted in the bituminous mixture?
6”
208. In the design of bituminous mix, the design criteria for stability under the Marshall Stability for
heavy traffic is______.
1800lbs
209. The stability criteria of the Marshall Stability Method is the maximum load resistance that a
specimen will develop at ______
60˚
210. Bituminous mix specimens are compacted at how many blows at each and for a heavy traffic
design under the Marshall Stability Method? Light Medium Heavy
75 blows 35 blows 50 blows 75 blows
750 blows 1200 blows 1800 blows
211. In a penetration test, if the penetration is 9. What is the grade of the asphalt?
85 -100
212. In case of scarcity or non-availability of Type I Portland cement, what type of pozzolan shall be
used?
Portland Pozzolan Cement Type 1P
213. The required flexural strength of concrete beam sample of item 311 when tested by the midpoint
method.
4.50 MPa (650 psi)
214. The required forms to be used in concrete pavement are______
Steel forms of an approved section
215. Sawing of the weakened plane joints shall be done usually at _______
within 24 hours
216. Removal of forms of concrete pavement
24 hours
217. The required slump of concrete using slip – form method of paving is ___________
1½ inches (40mm)
218. Deficiency is strength of concrete specimen wherein to payment of contract price allowed is
25% or more
219. What is the length of a lot pavement when a single traffic lane is poured?
1,000 ln.m
220. What is the length of a lot pavement when two single traffic lanes is poured?
500 ln.m
221. What is the required size of concrete beam sample?
150mm x 150mm x 525mm
222. What is the required number of set of concrete beam specimens to be taken from each 330 sq.m
of pavement of fraction thereof placed each day? ( 330m x 0.23m = 75 m3)
1 set
223. What is the required compressive strength that concrete piles be moved?
80% of designed 28-day compressive strength
224. The required circular pin diameter used to bend 10 – 20 mm Ø reinforcing steel.
6d (20mm – 25mm Ø =8d), (28mm Ø and above = 10d)
225. The mixing speed of the transit mixer during batching.
4 to 6 rpm
226. What is the slump of concrete Class A deposited in water?
10 to 20cm
227. This item shall consist of preparing and treating an aggregate base course preparatory to the
construction of a bituminous surface course.
Prime Coat
228. What item no. is Bituminous Surface Treatment?
Item 304
229. What is the required tolerance for bituminous material in job – mix formula for item 310?
± 0.4 %
230. This term consists of an application for bituminous material with or without the application of
aggregate on existing bituminous surface?
Seal Coat
231. Job – mix tolerance for temperature in the mixture for item 310.
± 10˚C
232. What is the size of the sample in item 310 taken for each full day’s operation?
150mm x 150mm or 100mm Ø full depth
233. What is the required temperature of mix in item 310 when placed?
107˚C
234. The required speed in rolling in item 310.
5kph
235. It is the resulting difference in elevation across a joint or crack.
Faulting
236. In core specimen asphalt mix thickness determination, it shall have a character of at least_____
100mm
237. In batching concrete mix, the accuracy of cement content shall be _______
± 1.0 mass %
238. Minimum thickness measured perpendicular to the slope using Class D stones for riprap.
800mm (Class A – 300mm; Class B – 500mm; Class C – 600mm)
239. This Item shall consist of preparing and bearing an existing bituminous or cement concrete
surface with bituminous materials preparatory to the construction of bituminous surface course.
Tack Coat
240. What is the rate of application of bituminous seal coat using asphalt cement?
0.9 to 1.8 lit/m2
241. What is the rate of application of bituminous seal coat using cut- back asphalt?
1.5 to 3.0 lit/m2
242. What is the maximum tolerance of the variation of the surface of Item 310 from the testing edge
between any two contacts with the surface?
6mm
243. What is the minimum dry compressive of Item 310?
1.40 MPa (200 psi)
244. What is required Index of Retained Strength of Item 310 when tested by AASHTO T 65?
70% minimum
245. Job- mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 4 and larger sieve.
± 7%
246. Job-mix tolerance in 310 for grading, passing No. 8 to No. 100 (inclusive).
± 4%
247. Job- mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 200 sieve.
± 2%
248. The range of aggregates composition in Item 310.
92 – 95 %
249. What is the test on asphalt in order to determine the effect of water on the cohesion of the mix?
Immersion – Compression Test
250. In temperature countries like the Philippines, what is the most commonly used grade of asphalt
cement?
60 – 70 and 85 – 100(ideal penetration grade)
251. To determine the thickness, _____ of asphalt, Immersion – Compression Test is performed.
Stability
252. Percent air voids will ____ as per cent asphalt increases in Marshall Stability.
decrease
253. To determine the temperature of delivered asphalt mix, what apparatus is used?
armored thermometer
254. Peat and muck soils are considered as:
highly organic soils
255. Why is it that a trial section is conducted in sub- base or base course construction?
to check the stability of materials, efficiency of the equipment used and the
construction method
256. What does it mean when there is bleeding in a newly paved asphalt road?
excessive asphalt content
257. A good subgrade soil should have the following:
low liquid limit and low plastic limit
258. Concrete samples may be tested at an earlier stage in order to ___.
determine the trend of its strength development
259. What is the test criterion for reinforced concrete pipe tested in a three-edge bearing test machine?
0.3 mm crack
260. In testing concrete cylinder sample, the applied load should be continuous without shock at a
constant rate within the range of _____.
20 – 50 psi/sec. (compression); 125 – 175 psi/sec. (flexural)
261. Cement which has been in storage for a long period of time and that there is already doubt as to
its quality should:
be rested prior to use
262. It is a process of improving the properties of soil to make it more suitable for a particular purpose.
Stabilization
263. Two tests are done in one lot sample. The test differs from each other, third test is taken. What
will be this test?
Referee test
264. If no beam sample taken to determine the strength of concrete pavement, is it allowed in DPWH
specs to use-core samples to determine the strength. What is the required compressive strength?
Yes, 3,500 psi at 14 days
265. Tack coat must be at what condition prior to the application of asphalt mix?
Tacky
266. The use of sea water in reinforced concrete may _______.
induce risk of corrosion in reinforcing steel
267. Subgrade having a CBR value of 2% or less its considered________.
weak subgrade
268. Subgrade having a CBR value of 15% or more is considered __________.
very stable
269. Subgrade other than those defined in two above categories is considered _________
normal
270. What are the three (3) major groups of soil?
granular soil,
fine grained soil,
organic soil
271. What is the significance of field density test?
to determine the degree of compaction of soil. It is also a control test in
embankment construction to ensure adequate compaction
272. Weighing hot sample is not advisable because it affects the accuracy of the result, true or false?
true
273. How to prepare or to come up with an air – dried sample?
air dry the sample under the heat of the sun
274. If it is impossible to air – dry the sample under the heat of the sun, what alternative should be
used?
oven – dry the sample @ 60˚C
275. Sample for compaction test should pass to what sieve size?
Method A & B – use sample passing No.4
Method C & D – use sample passing ¾ inch
276. What is the difference between T – 99 and T – 180 compaction test method?
T – 99 uses 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) rammer with 12” drop
T – 180 uses 4.54 kg (10 lbs) rammer with an 18” drop.
277. What is the particle size analysis?
It is the determination of particle size distribution in soils by sieve, hydrometer
or a combination analysis
278. What kind of water shall be used in laboratory test especially if it deals with chemicals?
distilled water
279. Liquid limit brass cup with sample is raised and allowed to drop sharply on the base through a
height of __________?
10 mm
280. How many rotations per second will the crank of a liquid limit are rotated?
2 rps
281. In doing a plastic limit test, to what Ø will the soil thread begin to break?
3.2 mm (1/8”)
282. What is specific gravity?
It is used in a gravimetric – volumetric relationship in soils (or defined as the
ratio of the wt. in air of an equal volume of water at a stated temperature)
283. What is the approximate area for density control strips?
335 sq.m
284. What item of work is embankment?
item 104
285. What kind of material for item 200?
Aggregate sub – base course
286. What is the required particle size for selected borrow for toppings under item 104?
all particle size will pass 75mm or 3” openings and not more than 15% will pass
0.075mm (AASHTO T 11)
287. What is the minimum degree of compaction for item 200 and 201?
100%
288. What is the highest point in the moisture density curve of the moisture density relation test or
compaction test?
Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC)
289. What is the required size of calibrated sand used for field density test (FDT)?
Any clean, dry, free – flowing, uncemented sand passing No. 10 and retained No.
200 sieve
290. What is the standard diameter of an orifice of an FDT sand cone?
½ inch (12.7mm)
291. What are the apparatus used in FDT?
sand cone, jug (at least 4 liters), guide plate, moisture cans, calibrated sand,
weighing scale, oven with temperature control chisel or digging tool, plastic
bags and labelling materials (tag name)
292. How many hours do a fine aggregate tested for specific gravity and absorption be soaked in
water?
15 – 19 hours
293. How to determine if the fine aggregate reaches the saturated dry condition?
It is determined by the use of cone test for surface moisture. If the molded shape
of fine aggregate slumps slightly, it indicates that it has reached a surface dry
condition
294. What are the tests required for concrete aggregates?
Fine aggregates = grading, specific gravity, absorption, dry unit weight
coarse aggregate = grading, specific gravity, absorption dry unit weight and
abrasion
Note: soundness test is also performed as per request
295. What are the size or diameter and weight of cast – iron spheres used in abrasion test?
Approximately 46.8mm Ø and each weighing between 390 – 455 grams
296. What is the required total weight of sample for abrasion test of coarse aggregate grading A with
12 as number of spheres?
5,000 grams ± 25 grams
297. What is the significance of abrasion test?
It evaluates the structural strength of coarse aggregate. It gives an indication of
quality as determined by resistance to impact and wear. It also determines
whether the aggregates will have degradation during traffic or rolling.
298. What is the sieve used in sieving materials for abrasion test?
No. 12 (1,70 mm)
299. At what age should a concrete beam sample be tasted for flexural test?
14 days
300. How to compute the flexural strength of concrete beam sample tested at third point?
R=PL/bd
2
301. How to compute the flexural strength of concrete beam sample tested at center point?
3 PL
R = ----------
2bd2
302. What is the size of tamping rod used is sampling concrete?
16 mm Ø x 610 mm long with tamping end rounded hemispherical tip of th same
Ø of the rod.
303. Concrete masonry (hollow blocks) if subject to test, how many samples are required?
6 pcs / 10,000 units (12 pcs if more than 10,000 units)
304. What is the strength requirement for load bearing concrete masonry units?
Individual = 5.5 MPa (800psi) min
Average (for 3 samples) = 6.9 MPa (1000psi) min
305. What is the strength requirement for non-load bearing concrete masonry units?
Individual = 3.45 MPa (500 psi) min
Average (for 2 samples) = 4.5 MPa (600psi) min
306. What is the significance of testing reinforcing steel bars?
To determine the yield and tensile strength of the bar as well as its elongation
and is used to classify the bars into grades
307. What is the significance of bending test for RSB?
To evaluate the ductile properties of reinforcing steel bars
308. What is the required testing requirement for paints?
1 can (gal or pail) / 100cans (gals or pail)
309. SS-1 or SS-1h is what kind of asphalt?
Slow setting emulsified asphalt
310. For how many hours or how long shall a bituminous prime coat be left undistributed?
24 hours
311. What kind of asphalt is used as tack coat?
Cut-back asphalt
312. One (1) set of concrete cylinder sample shall be taken for every how many piece of RCCP?
25 pcs or 1pc of RCCP/50 pcs RCCP
313. What is being determined in a core sample from asphalt pavement?
Thickness and density of pavement
314. All records regarding quality control such as accomplishment, daily activities, weather, etc. are
recorded in a _______.
Materials Log Book
315. The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is an – situ test that measures what?
Depth of soil layer
316. The main problem associated with wrong practice of conveying concrete is called_______.
Segregation
317. A one-lane road with a pavement width of 3.5m and shoulder width of 0.5m on each side of the
pavement was designed to have subbase and base courses with a combined thickness of
300mm. If the thickness of subbase is 125mm, the spreading and compaction of the base and
subbase courses shall be carried out in ________?
Three (3) layer over the full width of 4.5m
318. During the application of the first half of the anticipated load a ______ rate of loading shall be
permitted?
Higher
319. Quality of factory- produced of RCCP may be best established through what?
Test of concrete pipe samples
320. Soft and unstable soils were encountered during the course of subgrade preparation. If you were
the ME assigned to the project, what is the most effective and cheaper method that you would
recommend to stabilize the soil prior to the construction of subbase course?
Geotextiles
321. How many times per layer should a concrete specimen molded in 6”x6”x21” beam molded be
rodded?
63 blows/layer (1 blow/2 in2)
322. Rolling of bituminous mix shall be discontinued whenever it begins to produce excessive
________ or_________.
Pulverizing of the aggregates or displacement of the mixtures
323. In placing concrete, the required temperature should be less than _________.
29⁰C
324. How many concrete cylinder samples is required for a 300pcs RCCP?
12 sets (1 set/25 pcs of RCCP)
325. If concrete cylinder is not available for a 300pcs RCCP, how many pipes shall be subjected to
test?
6 pcs RCCP (1pc RCCP/50 pcs RCCP)
326. If there is necessity to add water to the concrete mix in order to increase its workability (provided
concrete does not exceed specified slump), how many minutes after the initial time of mixing does
adding water permitted?
Not exceeding 45 minutes and that water-cement ration is not exceeded
327. What are the two (2) types of bitumen that are commonly used in the bituminous mixture?
Tar – is a viscous liquid obtained from distillation of coal or wood.
Petroleum Asphalt – are the products of distillation of crude oil.
328. What are the three (3) major petroleum asphalts?
Asphalt Cement
Cut-back Asphalt
Emulsified Asphalt
329. What are the solvents of cut – back asphalts?
Gasoline – for rapid –curing type
Kerosene - for medium curing type
Diesel – for slow curing type
330. Emulsified asphalts are either ______ or______.
Cationic Emulsion – works better with wet aggregates and in cold weather, It is
positively charge electron
Anionic Emulsion – adheres better to aggregates which have positive charge, It is a
negatively charge electon
331. What is the bituminous material used in Item 310?
Asphalt Cement
332. What greatly affects the service of asphalt cement?
Grade and Quantity of asphalt
333. What influences primarily the grade of asphalt selected?
Climatic condition
334. How many weeks do the producer of asphalt mix or the contractor shall submit the job- mix
formula?
Three (3) weeks
335. Who will approve the job-mix formula?
DPWH PE or ME
336. The job-mix formula contains provisions of the following:
Grading of aggregates
Percentage and type of asphalt
Temperature of aggregates and asphalt
Temperature of mixture upon delivery or time of compaction
337. When tar is used, what is the temperature that the mixture shall be placed?
66⁰C to 107⁰C ---------(emulsified asphalt –10 to 71⁰C)
338. When is the right time to compact in order to attain the required density?
When the mixtures is still hot and workable
339. What is to be done in order to determine the number of passes that would attain the required
density?
Trial section
340. What needs to be controlled during the mixing and compaction and is of great significance in the
strength of the resulting pavement?
Temperature
341. In Item 310, how is rolling be done?
It should begin from the sides and proceed longitudinally parallel towards the
centreline, each trip overlapping one half roller’s width
342. After the final rolling, what will be checked?
Degree of compaction
343. The compacted pavement shall have a density equal to or greater than _____.
95% of the laboratory compacted density.
344. When will the traffic be permitted to utilize the pavement?
When the pavement has cooled to atmospheric temperature
345. How do we take sample from the finish pavement?
By the use of core drill or saw
346. What is the allowable slump of a workable concrete if not vibrated?
40 mm – 75 mm
347. What is the allowable slump of a workable concrete if vibrated?
10 mm – 40 mm
348. When concrete is mixed in a central mixing plant, what is the time of mixing?
50 seconds – 90 seconds
349. In transporting concrete, what is the time elapsed from the time water is added to the mix until the
concrete is deposited in- place at the site?
It shall not exceed 45 minutes if hauled in non-agitating trucks and 90 minutes if
hauled in truck mixers or agitators
350. How is concrete consolidated?
By the use of vibrator inserted in the concrete vertically
351. If the lames are concreted separately, what kind of joint in a form of a keyway is used?
Longitudinal construction joint
352. What kind of bar is placed perpendicular to the joint stated in the preceding problem?
Deformed steel tie bars
353. What is the depth of the weaken plane joint when sawed with a concrete saw?
Not less than 50 mm
354. The width of the weaken plane joint is_____.
Not less than 6 mm
355. What shall be done if cracks appear at or near the joint prior to the time of sawing?
Sawing shall be omitted
356. Tie bars shall not be coated or painted with ______.
Asphalt or other materials
357. What is the material that is used as load transfer device held in a position parallel to the surface
and center line of the slab of pavement?
Dowel
358. To protect dowels from corrosion and to facilitate sliding in concrete, it shall be coated with___.
Thin film of bitumen
359. The surface of pavement shall be roughened by means of_______.
Brooming
360. What is the depth of corrugation produced by brooming in the surface of the pavement?
1.5 mm
361. The surface of a newly put concrete when has sufficiently set shall be cured for a period of_____.
72 hours
362. The curing of the pavement is done by means of the following:
By covering the concrete with mats saturated with water
By thoroughly wetting the pavement
By ponding
By applying curing compound immediately after finishing of the surface
363. When is the right time to seal the joints?
After the curing period or before it is opened to traffic
364. What is the difference between Item 504 and Item 505 (bluebook ’95)?
The placement of stone or boulders and the ratio of cement and fine sand
411. The type of paint that is used for zone marking, traffic lanes and parking spaces which is rapid
drying, resistant to abrasion and weather and conditions and possess improved visibility at night.
Reflectorized paint
412. An ingredient in the paint that gives reflection during night time.
Glass beads
413. The paint which is used on concrete or masonry units.
Latex
414. The average loss in weight of three specimens in zinc coating test.
Triple spot test
415. One the three specimens in the triple spot test with lightest coating.
Single spot test
416. The type of paint used in wood surfaces. It is a special type of paint made with varnish as the
vehicle.
Enamel
417. Group index is an empirical number ranging from 0 to 20 under average conditions of good
drainage and adequate compaction. The supporting value of a material as subgrade may be
assumed as an inverse ratio to its group index, that is a group index of zero indicates
Good subgrade materials
418. It determines the target density which is constructed at the beginning of the work on each course
of material to be compacted.
Control strip
419. The instrument used in placing concrete in water in a compact mass in its final position.
Tremie with 250 mm Ø
420. The maximum specific gravity of thermoplastic paint.
2.15
421. The softening point of a thermoplastic paint.
102.5⁰C
422. The maximum drying time of thermoplastic paint.
10 minutes
423. The rate of application of traffic paint.
0.33 lit/m2
424. The maximum drying time of traffic paint.
15 – 30 minutes
425. The minimum weight of sample of reflectorized paint.
10 kgs
426. The apparatus used to measure the thickness or height of compacted bituminous paving mixture.
Vernier caliper
427. It is used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture of the degree of compaction of the asphalt
pavement.
Bulk specific gravity of compacted bituminous mixtures using saturated surface
dry specimen
428. The solvent in the extraction of bitumen.
Gasoline
429. The percent of bitumen is computed based on
Mass of dry aggregates
430. The method used to determine the grading of aggregate extracted from bituminous mixture.
Mechanical analysis of extracted aggregates
431. A device used to determine the relative hardness of asphalt.
Penetrometer
432. Volatization test which measures the relative proportion of asphalt to oil.
Distillation
433. The measurement wherein the asphalt begins to melt.
Softening point
434. The Index of Retained Strength (IRS) is computed through the formula.
Wet Stability
IRS = ------------------- x 100%
Dry Stability
435. The temperature requirement in initial rolling for Item 310.
200⁰F to 225⁰F (93⁰C to 107⁰C)
461. A procedure to recover relatively undisturbed soil samples suitable laboratory tests of structural
properties.
Thin-walled tube sampling
462. The representative who will witness the testing of materials in an accredited laboratory.
Government
463. Samples obtained from the field with minimum disturbance by using any drilling equipment that
provides clean hole before insertion of thin- walled tubes that is both the natural density and
moisture content are preserved as much as practicable.
Undisturbed samples
464. The type additive that is used to delay the setting of fresh concrete.
Retarder
465. The type of additive that is used to attain maximum early compressive strength of concrete.
Accelerator
466. The best enemy of construction.
Water
467. The following are considered unsuitable materials:
Materials containing detrimental quantities of organic materials such as grass,
roots and sewage
Highly organic soils such as peat and muck
Soils with LL exceeding 80% and/ or PL exceeding 55%
Soils with a natural moisture content exceeding 100%
Soils with very low natural density, 800 kg/m2
soils that can not br properly compacted as determined by the engineer
468. What is the spec’s of mass % passing in sieve No. 200, grading A for aggregate base course?
0-12% , (2-14% for Grading B)
469. The rate application of special curing agent
4 liters per 14 m2, (if curing seal- = .5L-1L/m2)
470. The method of measurement for determining the depth of the river channel.
Sounding
471. If the type of soil in Item 200 is non – plastic, what Atterberg limit test can be performed?
Liquid Limit Test
472. The minimum penetration of preservatives into the surface of timber is
20 mm
473. The engineer shall be notified at least _____ before the treating process of timber.
10 days
474. All grout shall pass through a screen with a __ maximum clear opening.
2 mm
475. The allowable height of fall in driving piles to avoid using gravity hammer.
2.5m-3.5m (Concrete piles)
4.5 m ( Timber Piles)
476. This increases the shearing strength of aggregates of any size, shape, and graduation.
Compaction
477. In general, soils high value of this and plasticity index are poor as engineering materials.
Liquid Limit of fines
478. The recommended thickness of Hot Mix asphalt overlay depending on the expected traffic and the
modulus of the cracked and selected pavement section.
3” to 5”
479. Stabilization and under sealing are recommended if the mean deflection is ___ or different
deflection is ______.
greater than 0.14”, greater than 0.002”
480. Super plasticizers can reduce the water content by ____ and increase the 24- hour strength by __
25% to 35%, 50% to 70%
481. Loose materials is removed from all joints , cracks and areas that have previously patched by
asphalt by ___ with nominal ___ air pressure.
Power sweeping, and air blowing, 100psi
482. Admixtures which can help incorporate a controlled amount of air on the form moist in concrete
during mixing without significantly altering the setting or the rate of characteristic of concrete.
Air entertaining admixtures
483. It is the activity of monitoring planned scheduled against actual and by speed task make- up for
the past or future loss of time.
Delivery control
484. Bowl- shaped holes various sizes in the pavement surface.
Potholes
485. A form of plastic movement typified by ripples (surface waves) across the pavement.
Corrugation
486. A form of plastic movement resulting in localized bulging of the pavement.
Shoving
487. Longitudinal surface depression in the wheel paths.
Rutting
488. It is the chief load- bearing gravel road?
Base or subbase course
489. The maximum distance of the discharged point from the point of deposit by pneumatic means.
3 meters
490. It reduces the vertical compressive stress induced by traffic in the subbase and subgrade.
Base course
491. Minimum separation of splices when staggered.
40 times bar Ø
492. Consist of furnishing, placing and finishing concrete in all structures except pavements
conforming to the lines, grade and dimension.
Structural concrete
493. Minimum grouting pressure of bonding tendons.
0.6984 MPa (100psi)
494. The main cross member of Bailey bridge that carry the structure
Transom
495. Coring sampling shall be done at ________ interval by busing split spoon sampler and the depth
needed is ______.
0ne (1) meter, 30 meter
496. What is the diameter of split spoon sampler?(1kg)
50 mm Ø
497. The uniform sampling run in core drilling
1.5 m length
498. The initial diameter of bore hole.
76 mm
499. What is the core bit diameter?
67 mm
500. The required spacing of bore holes along center line of roads for 300VPD traffic.
250 meters (1.5 m below subgrade)
501. The required spacing of bore holes along center line of roads for less than VPD traffic.
500 m(along center line)
502. The required spacing of bore holes along center line for new road on swampy or marshy ground.
100m (2m along center line of new road)
503. The required spacing of bore holes for bridge projects.
1 deep drill for each abutment (30m run)
1 boring for each pier for multi-span (3m into the bed rocks)
504. The required spacing and depth of bore holes over foundation area of dam.
60m spacing, 30m intermediate along center line
Depth = ½ times base width
505. For ports and harbors projects.
30m to 150m; 1m below dredge bottom(12m min for pier & wharves)
506. For buildings ( large area- greater than 930 m2)
1 bore hole at each corner of the structure and one on the interior (9m below
lowest foundation)
507. For building less than 930 m 2
Two (2) boring at opposite corners
508. This reflector shall be the short type having a minimum base area of 180mm x 140mm.
Flush Surface Reflector
535. Which of the following is not the responsibility of the Materials Engineer?
Sampling of materials
Analysis of test results of materials
Scheduling of delivery of materials
Design of concrete mix
536. Measure of construction materials for concrete structure shall be
Volume
537. The moisture density curve if different from each soil. Which of the following statement is true?
Granular, well graded soils generally have fairly high maximum density at low
optimum moisture content.
Clay soil have lower densities at OMC than granular, well graded soil
Granular, well graded soil have greater densities than uniform soil at OMC
538. What should be done on the subbase course with existing moisture content of 10% higher than
the optimum moisture content?
Dry out to reduce moisture, spread to the required thickness and compact
539. The DPWH specs provide ___ tolerance for asphalt pavement thickness.
±5mm
540. Geosynthetics may be used for
Filtration or drainage reinforcement, erosion control
541. Which of the ff. is not included in determining moisture content?
Beam balance
Oven
Moisture can
extruder
542. Steel bars are considered undersize if
Its nominal diameter as determined by calliper doesn’t meet the manufactured
size.
543. Samples of aggregates for base course when tested for quality the requirements fails except
grading. What will you recommend?
Reprocess the materials by blending
544. Concrete curing refers to
Procedure done to maximize concrete strength
545. What is the most inferior type of soil as to its engineering properties?
Organic
546. What is the testing soil that involves as the application of energy and addition of water as
lubricant?
Moisture-Density relation test
547. The dividing line between gravel and sand in concrete pavement is
No. 10
548. What is the volume of the mold using 6” for AASHTO T – 180 D method in compaction test?
0.002124 m2
549. A material resulting from the disintegration, grinding or crushing of rock and which will pass
2.00mm sieve and be retained on the 0.075mm sieve.
Sand
550. What is ASTM?
American Society for Testing & Materials
551. What is AASHTO?
American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials
552. DPWH thru Bureau of Research &Standards has prepared a revised laboratory testing procedure
manual, in order to have be consistent with the latest methods as prescribed under___.
ASTM & AASHTO
553. What is the category of contractor that are required by DPWH to have laboratory equipment’s or
apparatus in pre- bidding qualifications?
Large
554. What is the maximum size of aggregate used in Item 104?
½ of the thickness
555. What kind of material that passes 0.001mm sieve?
Colloids
556. In soaking sample for CBR, the water should be at least _____ above the specimen.
25mm
557. A natural or prepared mixture consisting predominantly of stone, gravel, or sand and containing
silt- clay materials.
Soil Aggregates
558. A rock fragment usually rounded or semi- rounded with an average dimension between 75mm-
305mm.
Boulders
559. The process of cutting the branches around a tree on the roadside to make them denser and
grow straight.
Pruning
560. The road near or abutting a bridge.
Approach
561. Settlement of right of way problems should be done
Before the construction work
562. Material that has the greatest load carrying capacity
Sand and Gravel
563. In hydrographic survey, sounding joints should be made at a maximum interval of
20 meters
564. The use of geofabric material to increase the strength of the subgrade material for road
construction is classified as
Soil Reinforcement Method
565. What to recommend if the surface test of newly asphalted which showed a lump
Remove and replace the pavement area with irregurality
566. Controlled Density Method in embankment construction involves
Depositing and spreading materials in layer of not more than 225mm depth,
loose materials and extending to the full width of the empbankment
567. What type of cracks will appear on concrete if it was not cured immediately after final placement
especially during the first seven days?
Plastic Shrinkage Cracks
568. What is commonly used as curing media or fresh concrete?
Liquid membrane forming
569. What is the work sequence on cylinder specimen?
Cylinder shall be prepared, cured and tested at the specified date
570. When to remove the false work of continuous structure?
When the 1st & 2nd adjoining span on each side have reached the specified
strength
571. It is generally either a soft soil composed largely of silt, clay, organic deposit or loose sand having
void rather and usually not high water content.
Weak Subgrade
572. What is Twelve-Inch Layer Method Embankment?
The materials shall be deposited and spread in layers not more than 300mm in
depth (12”) loose measure, parallel to the finished grade and extending to the full
width of the embankment
573. What is Rock Embankment Method?
The material shall be deposited on the fill and push over the end of the fill by
means of bulldozer. This method is only applicable to fill ≥ 1.2m in depth. It shall
not be place within 600mm of the other grade
574. What is Hydraulic Fill Method Embankment?
The material shall be taken from borrow locations and shall be deposited so as
to form the grade and cross section and shall be thoroughly compacted.
575. What is the principal factor used in determining the thickness of the pavement?
Strength of Subgrade (deterioration due to frustration move also be considered)
576. What is Placing and Removing Surcharge Method Embankment?
Were unsuitable material is present under the embankment corrective work
consists of placing a surcharge constructed to the full width of the road bed. The
surcharge shall remain in place until the embankment has reached stability or
the required settlement.