Lea 4,5,6,7,8
Lea 4,5,6,7,8
Lea 4,5,6,7,8
The numerical codes next to the title of each Triad office represent the numerological
rank, with each on signifying-
just an insignia
AOTA
The ASEANAPOL Secretariat started its operation fully on January 1, 2010, On the other
hand Interpol became fully operational on July 1, 1999. This statement is
True
False
Yes
No
Probably true
yes
true
no
false
Absolutely
The historic summit of the American Mafia held at the home of mobster Joe Barbara
leading to detection of secret organization and arrest of Capo di tutti capi of Mafia.
Apalachin Meeting
Chicago Outfit
Castellammarese
The Russian Mafia is a name applied to Organized crime syndicates in Russia and
Ukraine. The Mafia in various countries takes the name of the country, as for example
the Ukraine Mafia. The term "Bratva" is a name designating a range of organized crime
syndicates originating in the former soviet Union, and literally means-
Fratman
Gang
Syndicate
Brave member
Brotherhood
NOTA
The police force of ASEAN countries which duties involved jail management, fire fighting
and law enforcement administration.
The use of violence for political ends, and includes any use of violence for the purpose
of putting the public, or any section of the public, in fear is one among the definitions of
____.
Coup d’état
Revolution
Organized crime
Ambuscade
Terrorism
Organized crime refers to any group having a corporate structure whose primary
objective is to obtain money through illegal activities, often surviving on fear and
corruption. This definition of organized crime is based on-
Aseanapol
United Nation
Interpol
Europol
Heijin OCG
Red Wa OCG
Triad
Yakuza
Policing plays an increasingly important role in United nations peacekeeping and this
looks set to grow in the years ahead, especially as the international community seeks to
develop the rule of law and reform security institution in states recovering from conflict.
This is the concept of
National policing
Fragmented Policing
Transnational Policing
Global Policing
AOTA
The United States has 3 style of policing. Which of this is emphasizes the maintaining
order, usually found in communities with a declining industrial base, and a blue-collar,
mixed ethnic/racial population. This form of policing is implicitly less proactive than
other style, and certain offences may be "overlooked" on a variety of social, legal &
cultural grounds, as long as the public order is maintained.
Service
Watchman
Legalistic
Security
Conscript
Sungki
Jingi
Harakiri
Oyabun
Chivalry
Among the following, it was considered as the Asia's Finest in terms of implementation
of crime prevention programs?
China
Japan
Hong Kong
Singapore
Philippines
The Palermo Convention adopted in December 2000 by the Heads of States in Italy is
aimed to fight or address the problem of
Terrorism
Economic crimes
Transgressional crime
Environmental crimes
Borderless crime
Global organized crime exist in almost every country worldwide and continues to
expand in size infiltrating new economies. Atrocities are being forced upon the
unfortunate victims of organized crime. Some of these affronts include, except-
Extortion
Blackmail
Racketeering
Infiltration
Human trafficking
Smuggling
Extortion
Smurfing
Corruption
Yakuza family which considered as largest and operates all across Japan and overseas.
Considered the most feared crime syndicate based in Kobe.
Inagawa-kai
Sumiyoshi-kai
Aizukotetsu-kai
Yamaguchi-gumi
Carlo Gambino
John Torio
Salvatore Maranzano
Joseph Bonanno
Triad criminal societies based in Hong Kong which is the oldest and longest in history.
They control secret markets and bus routes and are often involved in money laundering
and drug trafficking, extortion, gambling & prostitution.
Heijin
Great circle
Wo Shing Wo
Bamboo Gang
Constable
Private
Gendarmerie
Conscript
Kempetai
The police force of this Southeast Asian country is headed by a Director General holding
the rank of Police General. Its rank structure is patterned to the military model and its
headquarters is based in the city of Bangkok.
Interpol
A method of therapy used in Japan whereby individuals use introspection to understand
the impact of their behavior on others and others on them.
Mubahit
Harakiri
Yugurs
Naikan
Yanda
Crimes that have actual or potential effect across national borders and crimes that are
intrastate but offend fundamental values of the international community
borderless crime
transnational crime
AOTA
KOBAN
Vengeance
Assistance
Obedience to boss
Talking to Authorities
NOTA
Reassignment
Secondment
Transfer
Detail
Deployment
Terrorist group
MAFIA
Fundamentalist group
A Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist who feature in Forbes magazine as billionaire
coming from drug trafficking . Popularized Medellin Cartel.
Joaquin Guzman
Pablo Escobar
John Dellinger
Lim Seng
John Gotti
A policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and
disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies.
Team policing
Koban
Type of victim of Human trafficking who have worked in sex industry in their own
country and are recruited for similar work in the destination country.
Wiling
Exploited
Deceived
Kidnapped
Voluntary
True
False
Yes
No
Partially True
The current executive director of ASEANAPOL came from what Police force?
Comp Stat
Polis Diraja
KOBAN
Understanding organized crime groups reveals that Yakuza represent the Japanese
words for 8, 9 and 3 totaling to 20 which is a useless number. Basically, yakuza means-
Ultimate people
the warrior
The Sicilian Mafia was less active during era of Fascist Italy and was fought by Italian
leader who initiated the eradication of said organization. Who is that fascist dictator?
Benito Salsulini
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Stalin
NOTA
Jurgen Stock
Catherine De Ball
Antonio Guterres
NOTA
The first formal meeting of the Chiefs of ASEAN Police was held in what country
wherein it is said to be the land mark of founding place?
Malaysia
Indonesia
Singapore
Thailand
NOTA
What country in South East Asia where the police force is under the military
establishment?
Laos
Brunei
Cambodia
Myanmar
Philippines
NOTA
What country in South East Asia undertakes the police-community outreach program
known as “Rakan Cop”?
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Cambodia
NOTA
The statement that "criminal groups have taken advantage of the high volume of
legitimate trade to smuggled drugs, arms, and other contraband across national
boundaries" is considered
AOTA
Rakan Cop
Polri
Gendarmerie
Elliniki Astynomia
INDO COP
Heads of State
Police Attaches’
Chiefs of Police
AOTA
MAFIA families have begun to implant themselves deep into multinational corporations
in order to generate massive revenues to bypass having to take on riskier investments
such as______, except-
Narcotics trafficking
Market Monopoly
Terrorism
Human Trafficking
NOTA
Interpol does not take any political side in its work. It takes cases where the crime or the
matter relates to more than one country. It looks after many types of cases. Some of
them are noted below, except:
Counterfeiting
Terrorism
White Slavery
Rebellion
The illegal process of concealing the origin of money obtained illegally by passing it
through a complex sequence of banking transfers or commercial transactions
Extortion
Corruption
Money Laundering
Plunder
Estafa
Using the typical Cosa Nostra, one of the most notorious traits is the hierarchal
structure with the "Godfather" figure sitting at the top of the pyramid. Among the
following, which is called Cosa Nostra's godfather?
Consigliere
Teflon Don
Capo de Mandamento
Capo di Cosca
The world largest, oldest and most influential professional association for police
leaders which is committed to advancing safety of communities worldwide.
Interpol
Europol
Aseanapol
United Nation
Eight
Twelve
Ten
Fifteen
Five
Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia
Malaysia
Brunei
The process of performing a background check on someone to ensure that they are
suitable for a job requiring secrecy, loyalty, or trustworthiness.
Shadowing
surveillance
vetting
Letting
Indoctrinating
2 Million
1 Million
3 million
half million
NOTA
He was the first person who violate Omerta, the Mafias sacred code of silence when he
testified before a senate hearing.
Tommaso Buscetta
Joseph Valachi
Vitto Genovese
Carlo Gambino
NOTA
Chinese organized criminal group in the United States. They have been involved in
smuggling, street violence, and human trafficking
14 koumintang
Cosa Nostra
Fucking
Ndrangheta
NOTA
recruit
Corns table
conscript
Private
NOTA
Offences whose inception, proportion and or direct or indirect effects involve more than
one nation is
International Crime
Terrorism crime
Globalization Crime
Boardless crime
NOTA
____ is the US federal agency which is the counterpart of the Philippine’ Presidential
Security Group, in-charge of protecting the US President and his family (including past
presidents). It works under the structure of the Department of the Treasury and is also
in-charge of the detection and prevention of counterfeiting.
US Marshals
FBI
Secret Service
Imperial Guard
Constable
Military leaders who exercised absolute rule in Japan during the year of isolation from
other cultures from 1603-1867.
Taliban
Shoguns
Shura
Shoiders
Samurai
The highest rank in the Philippine National Police ranking system is Police General with
4 stars, while in the Hong Kong Police Force is the-
Director General
Inspector General
Commissioner General
Commissioner of Police
Superintendent
The tenure of service of executive director of ASEANAPOL is _____ years.
one
three
four
five
NOTA
QUIZ 5 LEA-2
1/1
Militsiya
The Hellenic Police which was the result of the fusion of Gendarmerie and the city
police forces, is the national police force of what country?
0/1
Greek
Rome
France
Europe
NOTA
The moral religious police force in Saudi Arabia responsible for enforcing the Qur'an is
1/1
Mumbaki
Munaikan
Mubahith
Mutawa
Manukan
1/1
Sheriff
Troopers
Mounties
Royalties
Honor Guards
1/1
Interest
Intention
Good positioning
Opportunity
The Singapore Police Force is divided into two major functions: the staff and line units.
If the staff function is the equivalent of administration in the PNP, what is the equivalent
of the line units?
Investigation
Operation
Auxiliary
Logistics
AOTA
Which of the following is a premier institution that is responsible for education, training,
and human resource development of all uniformed PNP officers?
1/1
Napolcom
DILG
PNPA
PPSC
PCCR
1/1
Scotland
England
Ireland
New Zealand
NOTA
1/1
Mutawa
Mutain
All, but one are members of ASEAN Royal police forces
NOTA
The flag of Iraq has three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white and black; Takbir in
green Arabic script is centered in the white band. What is meant by Takbir?
1/1
God is Great
Allah
What agency is responsible for the administration of the PNP entrance and promotional
examination?
1/1
DILG
1/1
Ordnungspolizei
Landespolizei
Schutzpolizei
Bundespolizei
Kriminalpolize
1/1
CIA
Hellenic Police
ASEANAPOL
Interpol
FBI
NOTA
1/1
Chief Constable
Chief Commission
Chief Superintendent
Director General
NOTA
1/1
Recruit
1/1
Mongolia
Australia
New Zealand
NOTA
1/1
Inspector General
Commissioner General
Commander
Commissioner of Police
Commission Head
1/1
Kubol
Tehran
Kandahar
Herat
Kabul
Sir Robert Peel, the father of modern policing system has identified successfully the
best philosophy of crime, which is_____.
apprehension
law enforcement
crime prevention
follow-up operation
1/1
Northern Asia
Western Asia
Sothern Asia
Eastern Asia
NOTA
1/1
When the public is unable to think of where else to turn to and the fact that the police
are often the only available source of help, this is the main reason that this type of
service is provided by the police department?
2/2
NOTA
The first and the largest police force in Australia. Its personnel are the highest paid
police force in the country.
Queensland Police
Victoria Police
Tasmania Police
Which of the following countries has an amount of Police training that varies generally
2-4 yrs?
1/1
New Zealand
Mongolia
Germany
Spain
Japan
The structure of their police training is regarded as one of the ultimate most intense,
versatile and flexible. It cover almost known aspect to crime prevention or law
enforcement. Police also have one of the most extraordinary but highly effective
policing system which are small sub office spread vastly around villages, that connect
callers to nearest and most convenient security measures available.
1/1
RCMP
NYPD
What is the reason why there must only one supervisor to every task given to a group of
PNP personnel?
1/1
What country where inmates had been force to tie themselves to cell bar to sleep
because of lack of floor space?
1/1
Venezuela
Germany
Brazil
Mexico
Philippines
PNP-56; ANP-________
1/1
60
55
58
65
NOTA
1/1
Recruit
Conscript
Sergeant
constable
officer cadet
Kindness
Internal Affairs
Home affairs
Public Affairs
Interior
Public security
1/1
FBI
NOTA
Under the Japanese historical secret police organization, which of the following is in
charge of the investigation and control of political groups and ideologies deemed to be
a threat to public order?
Kidotai
Kempetai
Keisatsucho
Tokko
Koban
Philippine National Police- "To serve and Protect"; Arvan Tavnii Tsagdaa-__________.
"Preventive soldier"
NOTA
What country practice the "shame-based" rather than guilty based approach because of
shame it would bring to the family if such member of the family commits a crime?
1/1
Egypt
China
India
Japan
Philippines
1/1
German Federation
Federal Army
State Police
Federal police
Order Police
The Indian Police Service is the body to which all senior officers in India belong under
the controlling authority of
1/1
Ministry of Interior
Ministry of Defense
NOTA
1/1
Beirut
Erdenet
Wellington
Athens
Ulaanbaatar
Which among the following has the administrative supervision over Japanese National
Police Agency?
1/1
Prime Minister
Commission of Japan
Commissioner General
Ministry of Interior
Select the organized and physical movement of all units and elements of the PNP for
the purpose of crime prevention and control.
Call of duty
Command
Return to unit
Deployment
Call of Nature 😃
What do you called a police officers in India who inhabits in Police station.
Polda
Chowki
Chow pan
Polis Diraja
Chowkidar
These are lay judges in Germany used extensively in courts of appeal for minor offenses
and for first level criminal offenses.
Schupo
Schoffen
Schutzpolizei
Schapo
The country’s Police organization has its root in Napoleonic system of internal spying &
policing
1/1
Greece
French
Germany
UK
NOTA
1/1
Ministry of Internal
Ministry of Interior
1/1
NOTA
Whenever a police officer used his common sense and wise decision to a critical
situation, this refers to______.
1/1
Temperance
Tolerance
Experience
Intelligence
Discretion
1/1
18
21
22
19
20
1/1
France
Syria
Saudi Arabia
Lebanon
Iraq
The police force of this country has the lowest entry age requirement at age of fifteen
years old as minimum qualification before joining the organization.
1/1
Carabineros de Chile
Polri
1/1
A police officer with a supervisory responsibility over the other police officers lower
ranks is a ____
boss
chief
manager
commander
superior
sergeant
1/1
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Interior
NOTA
1/1
It can be applicable to either city or regions that can financially sustain its operation
Fragmented Police
Localized Police
The police officers in this country is highly trained as Kung Fu masters. This Police force
is always had extremely amazing and extra ordinary manner of action and speech as
well as their less frequent use for weapons in even dangerous situation because they
are highly trained in hand to hand combat.
RCMP
What is the order of the waiver program for applicants in the PNP under RA 8551?
1/1
Height, Weight, Age, Educational attainment
What law creates PNP under the DILG which states that there are only one police force
that is national in scope and civilian in character.
1/1
RA 4864
RA 8551
RA 6579
PD765
NOTA
1/1
NOTA
A law enforcement agency which not only enjoys the respect of the society, for its
integrity, professional competence, and impartiality but also serve as a role model for
provincial police force. This is the vision of Federal Investigation Agency of
1/1
USA police
UK police
UAE police
Pakistan police
1/1
Ministry of Interpol
Ministry of Interior
NOTA
Which global threat to law enforcement brought about globalization, created opportunity
for global professional criminals which can only be addressed through?
1/1
1/1
Counsel
Your Honor
Cohortus
Advocats
Lawyer
1/1
Commissioner of Police
Superintendent of Police
Director of Police
1/1
ASEANAPOL
United Nation
EUROPOL
PCTC
ICPO
Neighborhood police in Japan that is paced in Urban district/ cities and composed of
three to five officers that operated under work shift system.
Chusaisan
Keisatsucho
Hashususo
Chuzaisho
NOTA
A place of exclusive jurisdiction of those who sojourn within the protected rights &
privileges
1/1
boundary
territory
Jurisdiction
The crime reduction program runs in each state of Australia which involved the citizens
to collect information about crime and passes it on to the police is referred to as ____.
Police Box
CompStat System
Crime Stoppers
Community Policing
In the Philippines, the PNP is administered and supervised by the NAPOLCOM while in
Indonesia the police force is administered and supervised by the Ministry of Interior.
What is the equivalent of Ministry of Interior in Malaysia?
1/1
NOTA
1/1
Identification records
Miscellaneous records
Criminal records
Fingerprint records
Second Bayangkara
Chowkidar
Police General
Kapolri
Regarded as state police and one of the best police force and can be rendered of the
best trained law enforcement in the world due to their exclusive establishment of
effective implementation of the " anti mafia" forces in Italy.
Polizia di Stato
National Gendarmerie
Police Nationale
Cuerpo Nationale
Carabinieri
What is the first and foremost objective of the PNP as a whole which personally directed
by the PNP chief to every police officer?
1/1
Arresting of criminals
Prevention of crimes
Interrogation of offenders
When Pinning Garcia entered the PNP under waiver she is 7kgs overweight. In how
many months she must come up with the required weight?
1/1
8 months
12 months
18 months
6 months
24 months
What court of New Zealand that has the jurisdiction over indigenous disputes of lands?
1/1
County court
Crown court
Maori court
Coroners court
1/1
Neighborhood Watch
Crime Stopper
Police Box
CompStat System
1/1
Constable
Recruit
Shurti
Conscript
Private
QUIZ 6 LEA-2
Patrolman/Woman
Police Corporal
NOTA
Except for one, the competencies needed by a PNP applicant to qualify for UN
peacekeeping mission are the following:
1/1
Firearms proficiency
NOTA
Among four official languages of Interpol, Which one is introduce lately and adopted by
organization?
1/1
Arrabic
French
English
Spanish
Chinese
This world organization was founded in 1945 and was formerly known as the League of
Nations. Its primary task is to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform
for dialogue.
1/1
United Union
European Union
Interpol
NOTA
It is a government agency tasked to establish a shared central data base among law
enforcement units in the Philippines for all information affecting peace and order to
address the global threat to national and international security.
1/1
Interpol
PNP
PCTC
AFP
NBI
The President of the Interpol Organization is elected by the General Assembly for a
period of _________.
1/1
five years
four years
three years
one year
six years
Notice use to seek the location and arrest of wanted persons wanted for prosecution or
to serve a sentence. Otherwise known as "International warrant"
1/1
Green
Yellow
Black
Red
Special Notice
The basic age qualification to become a PDEA drug enforcement officer is ____.
1/1
21 to 30 years old
25 to 35 years old
21 to 35 years old
Interpol notice issue to seek or provide information on modus operandi, objects, devices
and concealment methods used by criminals.
1/1
black
red
Green
purple
NOTA
1/1
194
190
200
193
195
Counter terrorism and transnational crime project of Interpol in South and Southeast
Asia. Two year capacity building initiative for law enforcement agencies in South and
Southeast Asia aimed at preventing and disrupting terrorism and related transnational
crime.
1/1
Project Trace
Project Scorpius
Project Sharaka
HOTSPOT
1/1
SOP No. 7
SOP No. 16
SOP No. 15
SOP No.21
1/1
Not less than 25 years old and not more than 53 years old.
Not less than 21 years old and not more than 35 years old.
Not less than 21 years old and not more than 60 years old.
Not less than 25 years old and not more than 35 years old.
Immediately preceding the UNSAT examination, the applicant must have Performance
Evaluation Rating of at least ____ for two (2) consecutive rating periods
1/1
Outstanding
Very satisfactory
Satisfactory
Average
Police Box
Team Policing
Community Statistics
NOTA
Oplan Jumbo
OPLAN DISIPLINA
Oplan Tokhang
Oplan Salikop
Oplan Kalabit
The least rank qualification for a PNP Police Commissioned Officer to be admitted to
the UN Peacekeeping Force should be ____.
Police Lieutenant
Police Captain
Police General
Police Major
1/1
President
Director General
Secretary General
Executive Director
Commissioner
Aside from keeping law and order, the police force of this country takes charge of
prisons and fire services.
1/1
Laos
Cambodia
Brunei
Thailand
Indonesia
The Volkspolizei is the centralized paramilitary police force of what part of Germany?
1/1
West Germany
North Germany
Berlin
East Germany
South Germany
Operation of Interpol that primarily targets drug trafficking along air, land and maritime
routes.
Operation Neptune
Operation Vittles
Operation overload
Operation Tokhang
Operation Lionfish
Interpol notice use to collect additional information about a person’s identity, location or
activities in relation to a crime.
1/1
Yellow
Green
Orange
Blue
Red
1/1
Johannes Schober
Oscar Dressler
Ronald Noble
Jurgen Stock
NOTA
1/1
UNSAAT eligibility
CSC
UNSAS eligibility
NAPOLCOM eligibility
1/1
United Nations
ICPO
Aseanapol
Europol
CIA
NOTA
PNP Applicant for the UN Peacekeeping Force must have attained at least how many
years of active police service as of the first day of UNSAT examination?
1/1
Two (2)
Four (4)
Three (3)
Five (5)
NOTA
The term refers to rapid development of western culture that ultimately affects other
cultures in the world as brought by intellectual & technological advance; in w/c some
crimes occurring in other countries are attributed.
1/1
Industrialization
Colonization
Revolution
Globalization
Decriminalization
PNP personnel with UNSAS eligibility and has no previous UN Mission deployment is the
____ priority in the selection process
1/1
Last
Third
Second
First
Who was the first Filipino appointed Judge of International Criminal Justice.
Jolly Bugarin
Rodolfo Tor
Carlos P. Romulo
Cesar Bengzon
He became the first Filipino President of the Security Council of the United Nation.
1/1
Rodolfo A. Tor
Carlos P. Garcia
Jolly Bugarin
Carlo P. Romulo
1/1
Jolly Bongaling
Rodolfo Tor
Miriam Santiago
Carlos Romulo
NOTA
This SOP prescribes the conduct of an all-out and sustained Anti Carnapping campaign
to stop/minimize carnapping activities, neutralize syndicated carnapping groups,
identify/prosecute government personnel involved in carnapping activities, and to
effectively address other criminal activities related to carnapping.
SOP No.5
RA 6539
RA 10883
SOP No. 6
SOP No. 2
The UN peacekeeping forces under security council are also called __________.
1/1
Berdugo
Elite
dark knight
Blue Helmet
Marksman
A PNP applicant for UN Peacekeeping Force should have a ____ appointment for his/her
current rank.
1/1
Provisional
Temporary
Permanent
Contractual
NOTA
1/1
Inspector General
Director General
secretary general
General Assembly
President
The world’s second and Asia’s first police agency to operate with a modern policing
system is the
Scotland Yard
NOTA
Blue
Purple
Special
Green
Orange
1/1
Europol
Aseanapol
PCTC
Interpol
NOTA
1/1
Transfer
Employment
Secondment
Recruitment
Enlistment
1/1
A priority
A matter of right
A matter of discretion
Only a privilege
AOTA
Translational crime
Borderless crime
Professional crime
NOTA
All, but one are the principal organ of United nation which is not located in New York
City.
1/1
Security Council
General Assembly
Secretariat
NOTA
Despite of having a smaller police citizen ratio as compared to other majored cities, this
has been ranked consistently in the top five positions in Global Competitiveness Report
in terms of its reliability of police service.
China
New Zealand
Singapore
Venezuela
AOTA
A type of cybercrime where a criminal secretly uses a victim’s computing power to
generate cryptocurrency.
1/1
Phishing
Identity theft
Cryptojacking
Cybernetics
AOTA
The following are the channels of global bilateral & multilateral international cooperation
against transnational crime, except?
1/1
NOTA
1/1
London, UK
Nairobi, Kenya
Paris, France
Geneva, Switzerland
1/1
War
struggle/effort
Holy
fundamentalist
Quran
It is the world’s largest humanitarian agency which aims to eradicate hunger and
malnutrition.
1/1
World Bank
1/1
General Secretariat
General Assembly
Secretary General
1/1
6 years
4 years
5 years
3 years
1 year
Operation Sawiyan
Operation Akoma
Operation Libertad
Operation Adwenpa
1/1
10
15
13
The ranks of superintendent and inspector are patterned from the ____.
1/1
American model
French model
Australian model
British model
NOTA
1/1
Germany
Italy
Vienna, Austria
Lyon, France
New York
The following are the major official languages of Interpol that used in communication,
except:
1/1
Arabic
Spanish
French
English
Chinese
Except for one, the PNP applicant for UN Peacekeeping mission must be able to pass
the following:
1/1
Background investigation
Neuro-psychiatric examination
NOTA
One of the principal organ of the UN and is the most powerful of all the branches.
General Assembly
Security Council
Secretariat
1/1
Experience
Training acquired
Political connection
Merit and Fitness
Physical appearance
What country in South East Asia undertakes the police-community outreach program
known as “Rakan Cop”?
1/1
Hong Kong
Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia
NOTA