LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS

Text 1

India will test its Covid-19 vaccine delivery system with a nationwide trial on Saturday as the South Asian
nation prepares to roll-out an inoculation programme to stem the world’s second-worst outbreak. The
federal health ministry has reviewed preparedness and asked state governments to ensure the
effectiveness of the programme, the government said in a statement Thursday.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in a speech on Thursday the country was preparing to give indigenously
manufactured shots to high-risk people quickly. The government plans to inoculate 300 million people in
the first phase by August, including health care and frontline workers, police and military troops and those
with co-morbidities and above the age of 50. It’s a daunting task for a country of more than 1.3 billion
people with limited infrastructure and patchy health networks.

India is expected to initially lean on the two-dose vaccines manufactured by Bharat Biotech and the Serum
Institute of India. Serum has partnered with AstraZeneca to make at least one billion doses of their shot,
half of which have been earmarked for India. Both manufacturers, along with Pfizer, are seeking emergency
use permission for their coronavirus shots in India.

1. The word “trial” in paragraph 1 is closest (B) Serum Institute of India, alongside
meaning to … with Pfizer only produce two dose of
(A) Sample vaccines due to emergency situations
(B) Aid (C) COVID-19 vaccine producers don’t
(C) Rehearsal have to follow the general procedures
(D) Run due to emergency situations
(E) Test (D) COVID-19 vaccine producers tend to
get use the emergency situations in
2. The word “those” in paragraph 2 refers to India
… (E) India give emergency use permission
(A) People to produce vaccine
(B) Elderly
(C) Kids 4. The most appropriate title for this passage
(D) Officer is …
(E) Government officials (A) India COVID-19 vaccine production
(B) Total dose of COVID-19 vaccine in
3. Which sentence is closest in meaning to India
the last sentence in paragraph 3? (C) India plan to cure COVID-19 entirely
(A) Pfizer is the only vaccine producer (D) High risk people can immediately get
accepted in India COVID-19 vaccine
(E) India’s preparation to test the vaccine
delivery system

Text 2

Australians will sing a different version of their national anthem from 1 January after Prime
Minister Scott Morrison announced a change to the words on Thursday. The anthem will no longer refer to
Australia as "young and free" in an attempt to reflect the country's long indigenous history. The
announcement was a surprise but welcomed across the government.

Mr Morrison said he hopes the change will create a "spirit of unity". People inhabited Australia for
tens of thousands of years before it was colonised by mostly white English settlers in the 18th Century. The
line to be removed in the anthem, which is called Advance Australia Fair, is "For we are young and free".
Instead people will sing "For we are one and free."

Earlier this year, the leader of New South Wales state, Premier Gladys Berejiklian, suggested the
change, saying the current wording ignored Australia's "proud First Nations culture".

"Changing 'young and free' to 'one and free' takes nothing away, but I believe it adds much," Prime
Minister Morrison, who is a conservative, said. "It recognises the distance we have travelled as a nation. It
recognises that our national story is drawn from more than 300 national ancestries and language groups
and we are the most successful multicultural nation on earth." He also said the change celebrated the unity
Australia formed during the coronavirus pandemic.

Opposition leader Anthony Albanese commented that the country "should be proud of the fact that
we have the oldest continuous civilisation on the planet right here with First Nations people".

5. Based on paragraph 2, why does the

Australian Government need to change 7. This passage would probably be assigned
some lines of their national anthem … reading in which of the following course …
(A) To dissect the indigenous people (A) Computer science
from Australian culture (B) Geophysics
(B) To embrace the diversity in Australia (C) Engineering
(C) To reduce the white centric feeling in (D) Statistics
Australia (E) Newspaper international column
(D) To provide the history of Australia
settlement 8. It can be inferred from the text that …
(E) To colonise the indigenous people (A) Australia is not a multicultural nation
once again (B) People doesn’t welcome the
announcement of national anthem
6. Which of the following statements is changes
FALSE according to the text? (C) The line changes will not be applied
(A) Australia national anthem change the soon after 1 January of 2020
line “for we are young and free” with (D) White English settlers came to
“for we are one and free” Australia at 18th Century
(B) The line changes are yet to be (E) Before 18th century there was no
realised due to the pro and contra in people in Australia
Australia
(C) Australian government wants to 9. The tone of this passage is ...
recognise all the culture of their (A) Critical
people (B) Pessimistic
(D) Australia is a multicultural nation (C) Concerned
with more than 300 national (D) Informative
ancestries (E) Persuasive
(E) National anthem’s line change hope
to increase unity of Australian people
Text 3

A new era (10____) begun for the United Kingdom after it completed its formal separation from the
European Union. The UK stopped following EU rules at 23:00 GMT, as replacement arrangements for travel,
trade, immigration and security co-operation came into force. Boris Johnson said the UK had "freedom in
our hands" and the ability to do things "differently and better" now the long Brexit process was over. But
opponents of leaving the EU maintain the country will be worse off.
Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon, (11___) ambition it is to take an independent Scotland back into the
EU, tweeted: "Scotland will be back soon, Europe. Keep the light on." BBC Europe editor Katya Adler said
there was a sense of relief in Brussels that the Brexit process was over, "but there is regret still at Brexit
itself". The first lorries arriving at the borders entered the UK and EU without delay.

(12___) the Stena Line ferries and ports group tweeted that six freight loads travelling from Holyhead in
Wales to Ireland on Friday morning had to be turned away due to not having the correct paperwork. UK
ministers have warned there will be some disruption in the coming days and weeks, as new (13___) bed in
and British firms come to terms with the changes.

The UK officially left the 27-member political and economic bloc on 31 January, three and half years after
the UK public voted to leave in the 2016 Brexit referendum. But it stuck to the EU's trading rules for 11
months (14___) the two sides negotiated their future economic partnership. A landmark treaty was finally
agreed on Christmas Eve, and became law in the UK on Wednesday.

10. A. Has
B. Have
C. Had
D. Has been
E. Have been

11. A. Whom
B. Which
C. Whose
D. of Which
E. Who

12. A. Since
B. But
C. And
D. Therefore
E. Thus

13. A. Retribution
B. Law
C. Petition
D. Rules
E. Agreement

14. A. When
B. While
C. Alongside
D. After
E. Before

15. The sentence “Under the new arrangements, UK manufacturers will have tariff-free access to the EU's
internal market, meaning there will be no import taxes on goods crossing between Britain and the
continent” is best put in …
A. The end of paragraph 3
B. The end of paragraph 4
C. The beginning of paragraph 1
 D. The beginning of paragraph 2
E. The beginning of paragraph 3

Text 4
By, 2050, there will be another two to three billion people on Earth, and the planet’s population will
consume twice as much food as now. For 50 years farmland has grown at the cost of natural habitat and
biodiversity, and already more than two thirds of agricultural land is either in use or protected.

As a result, we need to develop the technology to double the output of the 10 – 15 main calorie crops,
particularly if we are to alleviate the burden on developing countries of feeding a rapidly growing
population, argues Jason Clay of the WWF in the journal Nature. He makes some strategic suggestions—
described as ―food wedges for Africa, the continent that faces the greatest challenge of increasing food
production. Clay believes the responsible use of genetics is one of the keys. He suggests that mapping the
genomes of staple food crops such as yams, plantains and cassava, and selecting genetic traits, can both
increase production and improve drought tolerance, disease resistance and nutrient content.

Improving agricultural inputs and practice is also essential, he argues. It currently take one liter of water to
produce one calorie of food. Even if we halved water use and doubled production, food deficiency would
still increase fourfold. Technologies already exist to achieve this, but in Africa they have often not been
taken up. Mulching, for example, can help rebuild soil fertility and reduce water usage, and is suitable for
use even in household gardens, without need for hightech tools.

16. What is the author’s main purpose in (E) Outline the population growth,
writing the passage ? paragraph 2 says its consequences
(A) To classify the type of technology
used for soil fertility 18. The word they in ’But in Africa they have
(B) To inform the danger of population often not been taken up.’ (paragraph 3)
explosion in the future refers to ….
(C) To argue for the value of increased (A) Technologies
food production prospects (B) Food deficiency
(D) To explain the need for cassava as the (C) Agricultural inputs
main crop in the future (D) Double production
(E) To persuade for the development of (E) Household gardens
right technology for agriculture
19. All of the following attempts are potential
17. Paragraphs 1 and 2 are related in that to increase food production in the future,
paragraphs 1 … except …
(A) Discusses population impact, (A) Sequencing the right genomes of
paragraph 2 offers technological staple crops
solutions (B) Conducting careful, attentive
(B) Sets the challenging situation, selection of main crops
paragraph 2 is on the need of (C) Maximizing the use of technology to
technology the crop output
(C) Explains population growth, (D) Compost making with chemical
paragraph 2 develops areas of fertizilers combination
agriculture (E) Cultivating the likely genetic traits of
(D) Exposes the impact of agriculture, main crop elements
paragraph 2 restores the damage
20. The author views that food production
producers in the future should …
(A) Consider the environmental aspect
(B) Focus on the availability of water
supply
(C) Always be based on new staple crops
(D) Relieve a burden for developing
countries
(E) Incorporate technology to maximize
output