Fop 2.1

Worksheet 2.
1
Student Name: Paramita Halder UID: 22MSM40017
Branch: M.Sc Data Science Section/Group: 22MSD-1/A
Semester: 2nd Date of Performance:- 03-10-2022
Subject Name: Fundamental of Programming Subject Code: 22SDP-607
Overview of the Practical

To perform arithmetic operations on matrices in R programming.
Tasks to be performed
Write a program to implement matrix operations.
● Matrix Addition
● Matrix Subtraction
● Matrix Multiplication
● Matrix Division
Theory
Matrices in R
Matrices are the R objects in which the elements are arranged in a two-dimensional rectangular layout.
They contain elements of the same atomic types. Though we can create a matrix containing only
characters or only logical values, they are not of much use. We use matrices containing numeric
elements to be used in mathematical calculations.
A Matrix is created using the matrix() function.
Syntax:
{
matrix(data, nrow, ncol, byrow, dimnames)
}
Following is the description of the parameters used −
● data is the input vector which becomes the data elements of the matrix.
● nrow is the number of rows to be created.
● ncol is the number of columns to be created.
● byrow is a logical clue. If TRUE then the input vector elements are arranged by row.
● dimname is the names assigned to the rows and columns
Operations on Matrices
❖ Matrix Addition
The addition of two same ordered matrices
and
yields a matrix
where every
element is the sum of corresponding elements of the input matrices.
Properties of Matrix Addition:
Commutative: B + C = C + B
Associative: For n number of matrices A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C
Order of the matrices involved must be the same.
❖Matrix Subtraction
The subtraction of two same ordered matrices
and
yields a matrix
where every
element is the difference of corresponding elements of the input matrices.
Properties of Matrix Subtraction:
Non-Commutative: B + C ≠C + B
Non-Associative: For n number of matrices A + (B + C) ≠ (A + B) + C
Order of the matrices involved must be the same
❖Matrix Multiplication
When a matrix is multiplied with another matrix, the element-wise multiplication of two matrices
take place. All the corresponding elements of both matrices will be multiplied under the condition
that both matrices will be of the same dimension.
If a matrix is multiplied with a vector then the vector will be promoted to either row or column
matrix to make two arguments conformable.
The Operator %*% is used for matrix multiplication satisfying the condition that the number of
columns in the first matrix is equal to the number of rows in the second. If matrix A[M, N] and
matrix B[N, Z] are multiplied then the resultant matrix will of dimension M*N.
Properties of Matrix Multiplication:
● Commutative: B * C = C * B
● Associative: For n number of matrices A * (B * C) = (A * B) * C
● Order of the matrices involved must be the same.
❖Matrix Division
The elements of div matrix are the division of the corresponding elements of B and C through
nested for loops. Using ‘/’ operator for matrix division: Similarly, the following R script uses the
in-built operator /.
Properties of Matrix Division:
● Non-Commutative: B / C ≠ C / B
● Non-Associative: For n number of matrices A / (B / C) ≠ (A / B) / C
● Order of the matrices involved must be the same.
Practical
❖Adding two Matrices
❖Subtracting two Matrices

❖Multiplying two Matrices
❖Dividing two Matrices
Learning outcomes (What I have learnt):
I learned how to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication & division on
matrices in R programming.
Evaluation Grid (To be created as per the SOP and Assessment

guidelines by the faculty):
SI. NO Parameter Marks Obtained Maximum Marks
I. Then we visualized the sales of states with more than 100,000 total sales on the map of united states.
II. Then we opened a new worksheet and visualized the profit of states with more than 10,000 total
profits on the map of united states.
III. Then we opened another worksheet and plotted a side-by-side bar graph of Sales vs Profit for top 4
states in total sales.
IV. Then we opened another worksheet and plotted a side-by-side bar graph Sales vs Profit for top
9 states in total profit.
V. Then we created a new story by clicking on story -> new story and added the four worksheets in
it with appropriate captions as shown in the figures below.
Learning outcomes (What I have learnt):
1. I learned how to use maps for visualization in Tableau.

2. I learned how to create story points in Tableau.
Evaluation Grid (To be created as per the SOP and Assessment guidelines by the faculty):
Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks

1.
2.
3.

Fop 2.1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fop 2.1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fop 2.1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Worksheet 2.

Overview of the Practical

❖Subtracting two Matrices

Evaluation Grid (To be created as per the SOP and Assessment

1. I learned how to use maps for visualization in Tableau.

Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks

You might also like