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    Molecular Assignment 1 1

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    Bakhtawar Naseem
    This document contains a student's answers to assignment questions on molecular biology. In response to question 1, the student lists similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Similarities include that both use RNA polymerase, go through initiation, elongation and termination, and use one DNA strand as a template. Differences include that eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus while prokaryotic transcription is in the cytoplasm, and that eukaryotes use multiple RNA polymerases while prokaryotes use one. The student provides additional details on the transcriptional process in each.

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    Molecular Assignment 1 1

    Uploaded by

    Bakhtawar Naseem
    13 views3 pages
    This document contains a student's answers to assignment questions on molecular biology. In response to question 1, the student lists similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Similarities include that both use RNA polymerase, go through initiation, elongation and termination, and use one DNA strand as a template. Differences include that eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus while prokaryotic transcription is in the cytoplasm, and that eukaryotes use multiple RNA polymerases while prokaryotes use one. The student provides additional details on the transcriptional process in each.

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    molecular assignment 1 1

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    This document contains a student's answers to assignment questions on molecular biology. In response to question 1, the student lists similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Similarities include that both use RNA polymerase, go through initiation, elongation and termination, and use one DNA strand as a template. Differences include that eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus while prokaryotic transcription is in the cytoplasm, and that eukaryotes use multiple RNA polymerases while prokaryotes use one. The student provides additional details on the transcriptional process in each.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views3 pages

    Molecular Assignment 1 1

    Uploaded by

    Bakhtawar Naseem
    This document contains a student's answers to assignment questions on molecular biology. In response to question 1, the student lists similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription. Similarities include that both use RNA polymerase, go through initiation, elongation and termination, and use one DNA strand as a template. Differences include that eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus while prokaryotic transcription is in the cytoplasm, and that eukaryotes use multiple RNA polymerases while prokaryotes use one. The student provides additional details on the transcriptional process in each.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Assignment 2

    Molecular Biology

    Submitted By
    Bakhtawar Naseem

    Registration No.
    SP19-BSI-014

    Submitted To
    Ms Pasha Ghazal

    Date
    2nd May, 2020
    Question no # 1
    List similarities and difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
    transcription.
    Similarities:
    • In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, transcription is facilitated by enzyme called RNA
    polymerases which requires additional factors for promotors recognition.
    • Both goes through initiation, elongation and termination phases.
    • In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, one strand of DNA duplex acts as a template for
    RNA syntheses.
    • RNA syntheses in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is quite similar, it occurs from 5’
    to 3’ direction.
    • TATA box promotors are the recognition sites during initiation in both prokaryotes
    and eukaryotes.

    Differences:
    Eukaryotic Transcription Prokaryotic Transcription

    • Takes place in nucleus. • Takes place in cytoplasm

    • RNA polymerases I, II and III • Only one type of RNA polymerases


    synthesizes rRNA, mRNA and found in prokaryotes which is
    tRNA. responsible for the synthesis of all
    type of RNA.

    • Initiation requires transcription • Initiation for transcription does not


    factors such as TFIIA, TFIIB, need any protein or initiation factor.
    TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIH and TFIIF.

    • TATA box has two short sequences • TATA box has short DNA
    –10 and –35 upstream to promotes sequences found at 25-35 base pairs
    for binding. upstream from the start site of
    transcription.

    • Elongation rate is 22 to 25 • Elongation rate is 50 to 90


    nucleotide per second. nucleotide per second.

    • Elongation factors which are present • No such as elongation factors are


    in eukaryotes perform different present in eukaryotes.
    functions.
    • Transcriptional machinery is • Transcriptional machinery is simple
    complex because of the Histone. because of no Histone.

    • RNA polymerase cannot recognize • σ factor assist RNA polymerase to


    promotor unless preoccupied by recognise and bind to promotor.
    factors.

    • Proof reading in eukaryote is • Proof reading in prokaryotes is


    complex. RNA polymerase selects simple. They just pause when a mis
    correct nucleotide triphosphate paired base is found and resume it
    substrate to prevent errors. from 3’ of a transcript.

    • Termination depends upon poly(A) • Termination is rho-dependent or rho-


    signal and downstream terminator independent.
    sequence.

    • Protein CPSF and CSTF bind to the • There are terminators sequence GC
    cleavage site and release pre mRNA rich hair pins and three string hybrid
    by cleaving it. regions participate in termination.

    • Usually promoter region is upstream • Promotor region located upstream to


    but in case of RNA III, it is start site.
    downstream to start site.

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