Module 7: Mental Health 4.

Social (relationship with parents,

peer and community)
 Mental Health: Achievement of 5. Economic (family resources, income,
expected development milestone etc.)
and the establishment of effective
coping skills, secure attachment, and PERMA
positive social relationships.
(Friedrich, Mendez & Mihalas, 2010, P- Positive Emotion
as cited in URBIS, 2010) E- Engagement
Developments needs important for children R- Relationship
and adolescent
M- Meaning
1. Physical Development related to
puberty and the development of A-Accomplishment
sexual identity.
 Signs of mental Distress
2. Social and Emotional Development
including the opportunities for social 1.Academic- Non attendance, consistent
and emotional skills development. failure to complete tasks to deadlines, poor
3. Peer Relationships which includes academic quality of work submitted, and etc.
the ability to manage the peer
pressure and peer expectation 2.Emoional and Psychological- Being tearful
4. Self- esteem/Body image which sighing frequently, appearing vague,
includes challenges in adapting to appearing confused, experiencing high levels
societal messages about the body. of anxiety and panic attacks etc.
5. Transition to independence which
3.Physical- looking pale perspiring
includes beginning to think
excessively, having breathing difficulties,
independently from parents
fainting, muscular spasm and etc.
-Well-being: The state of being comfortable,
4.Behavioral- Avoidance of task, withdrawing
healthy of happy.
socially or verbally, poor self-care and neglet
For Polland and Lee(2003, as cited in URBIS, personal hygiene etc.
2011) well-being among young people
 Adolescent mental health Disorders
consists of positive indicators in their:
1.Conduct disorders- Repetitive and
1. Physical (health, nutrition body care
persistent patterns of behaviour that violate
etc.)
the rights of others, social norms, rule of law.
2. Psychological (life satisfaction,
resilience, self-worth)
3. Cognitive (academic achievement,
cognitive ability, social related
behaviour)
2.Eating Disorders: 2 ways to exhibit emotions

 Anorexia Nervosa- excessive 1.Voluntary- by choosing to avoid another

restriction of food intake. person because one feels uncomfortable
 Bulimia Nervosa- binge eating and seeing them.
self-inducted vomiting or taking
2.Involuntary- communication of emotions
lexatives to avoid weight gain
can be seen in one’s facial expression of
3.Self-injury- Intentional damage to the body emotions.
tissues in connection with or to change a
particular feeling or emotion. Emotional Expression

~Primary Emotions- Innate emotions that are

4.Risky sexual behaviour- can be in the form
of an early start of sexual intercourse, experienced for short periods of time and
appear rapidly, usually as a reaction to an
unprotected sex or having multiple sexual
partners outside stimulus, and are experienced
similarly across cultures.
5.Substance abuse- A maladaptive pattern of
substance use that significantly causes  Joy Fear
distress and maladjustment in the form of  Distress Surprise
the following; failure to fulfil obligations at  Anger Disgust
work, home, school, and other  This can be expressed non-verbally
responsibilities. through facial expression.

6.Anti social behaviour- covers a wide range ~Secondary Emotions- Processed by a

of actions, from theft to burglary to physical different part of brain and require higher
abuse. order thinking and are therefore not
reflexive.
7.Depression- It is manifested as a negative
news of oneself, the world, and the future.  Love Pride
 Guilt Envy
8.Suicidal- An intentional act of killing one’s  Shame Jealousy
self  Embarrassment
 These are emotions develop over
9.Anxeity- As a sense of vague unease with
time and take longer to fade as
no known actual cause that makes on feel
opposed to the primary emotions.
mostly tense and restless.
Emotional Sharing- Involves the
Module 8: Emotional Intelligence
communicating of one’s thought and feelings
 Emotion- Organized responses, that surround an emotional event.
crossing the boundaries of
physiological, cognitive, motivation,
and experiential systems.
-Something that can potentially lead
to a transformation of personal.
Intensity- About how strongly one feels 2 Competence of E.I Acc. To Daniel Golemen
emotions. This dimension of emotions is uni-
polar and ranges from Close to zero or very  Personal (Personal skills)
 Social (Interpersonal skills)
intense.

-It can be highly energizing and it can also be Personal Skills

paralyzing. 1.Self-Awareness- The skills of being aware
 Positive Emotions- Are pleasant and of one’s emotions as they occur and as they
evolve.
provide one with a good feeling
 Negative Emotions- These are  Emotional Awareness- The ability to
unpleasant and causes the feeling of recognize one’s emotions and their
discomfort effects.
 Accurate Self-Assessment- Having a
Charles Darwin’s “The expression of
emotion in Man and Animals” good understanding of one’s own
strengths and weakness.
-It is argued that over time, emotions  Self-Confidence- Having a strong
develop to help man solve problems. They sense of self worth.
are useful in motivating people to engage in
actions important for survival. 2.Self-Regulation/Self- Management- The
ability to manage one’s emotions
Emotional Intelligence (EI)- Defined as a set appropriately and proportionally.
of skills for processing emotional information
 Self-Control – The ability to
to guide one’s thinking ad actions. It was first
coined by Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer recognize and control one’s emotions
appropriately.
(1990) describing it as a form of social
intelligence that involves the ability to  Trustworthiness – The ability to
maintain one’s integrity; thoughts
monitor one’s own and other feeling and
emotions. and behaviours are consistent with
one’s own personal values.
According to Goleman (1995) it is  Conscientiousness – This Entails one
understanding one’s own feelings, empathy to take responsibility for personal
for the feelings of other and the regulation of performances by making sure that it
emotion matches up to one’s ability and
values.
 Emotional Clarity- How clearly one  Adaptability – Being flexible in
understands one’s mood; the ability response to change
to identify and give a name to a  Innovation – Being open to different
mood being experienced. and new ideas.
 Self-Awareness- Awareness of your
own individuality. 3.Self Motivation – Force that drives one to
do things. It is what pushes us to achieve our
goal and to feel more fulfilled.
Social Skills should say “sacrifice almost everything to live
where you can be near your friends.” C.S
1.Empathy- The ability to communicate and Lewis
lead y understanding other’s thoughts, views
and feelings. Self-Perception theory- States that one
interprets his/her own actions, and that
2.Social Skills- Refer to the skills needed to one’s actions are more often influenced by
effectively handle and influence other others rather than by one’s own free will.
people.
Attraction- Can be anything that a person
 Mindfulness- Defined as the finds captivating from the opposite sex, or
awareness emerged through paying same sex.
attention on purpose.
Romantic Love- An intense state longing for
union with another person encompassing a
Lesson 9: Building & Maintain distinct amalgamation of behaviors,
Relationships cognitive, and emotions.

Proximity- Best predictor of liking and loving. Commitment- When one promises a loved
When people are geographically near each one that he/she will not look at another
other, they anticipate interaction and this person the same way he/she does for
leads to the likelihood. him/her; it means keeping that promise
despite temptation along the way.
Mere exposure- The repeated exposure to an
object or person will more likely lead to Types of Love
positive feeling.
1.None-love- The absence of the three
Similarity- The more similar in terms of belief components, simply a casual interaction like
and attitudes a person is with another that of acquaintances or with the someone
person. Knowing that someone like oneself you are not particularly attached with.
will lead to the tendency of also liking that
person. This tendency called the reciprocity- 2.Infuated love- This is love characterized by
of-liking-effect. passion but there is no intimacy and
commitment. Crushes fall in this category.
Physical attractiveness- Humans love staring
at beautiful people and objects, also referred 3.Liking/friendship- This love exhibits
to as what is beautiful is good stereotypes. intimacy but without intense feelings of
passion or commitment but it can be a start
Friendship, Attraction, Love, and for other forms of love to manifest.
Commitment
4.Romantic or Passionate love- refers to love
-“Friendship is the greatest of worldly goods. that is defined by passion and intimacy.
Certainly to me it is the chief happiness of Characterized by intense longing for union
life. If I had to give a piece of advice to a with another.
young man about a place to live, I think I
5.Compasionate- Love characterized by 9 leadership essential as culled from
intimacy and commitment without passion or the various leadership models
desire. 1. A leader has a follower. No
followers, no leader
6.Futuous love- “whirlwind romance’’ and 2. Effective leaders listen well
“love at first sight” 3. Great leaders combine both
7.Empty love- Defined by commitment but empathy and logic
without passion or intimacy. 4. Great leaders provide clear
and compelling
8.Consumate love- Consider as the perfect or communication
ideal love where all components of love exist. 5. Great leaders have vision
This is considered as the most difficult love to 6. They genuinely take care of
attain or maintain. the people
7. Great leaders provide actual
Relationship Spectrum
modelling and provide
1.Healthy Relationship- A relationship that is structure and organization
based on equality and respect. 8. Great leaders are both
reflective and action
2.Unhealthy Relationship- A relationship oriented
that is based on the attempts to control the 9. Great leaders are team
other person. players and help develop
other great leaders
3.Abusive Relationship- A relationship that is
based on an imbalance of power and control, Different forms of leadership
and with the ff. characteristics;
 Authoritative leadership- Style is
 Accusations exemplified when a leader dictates
 Blame shifting policies and procedures, decides
 Isolation pressure what goals are to be achieved, and
 Manipulation directs and controls all activities
without any meaningful participation
LESSON 10: Social Relationship in Middle
by subordinates. Leaders has a full
and Late Adolescents
control of the team, leaving low
 “Leadership in is not a position or a autonomy within the group.
tittle, it is a action and example”  Democratic- participative- A type of
management style in which members
Leadership- The activity of leading of the group take a more
participative role in the decision
 Leaders typically act as monitors and
making process. Everyone is given
control for discipline, direction, and
the opportunity to participate, ideas
methods used to reach goals by the
are exchanged freely, and discussion
community.
is encouraged.
  Laisses-faire (relaxed form of  Listen well
leadership) – A type of leadership  Empathic
style in which leaders are hands off  Heals
and allow group members to make  Self aware
the decision s. Researchers have  Persuasive
found that this is generally the  Conceptualizes (dream great dreams)
leadership style that leads to the  Has foresight
lowest productivity among group  Stewardship
members.  Commitment to growth of the people
 Transactional (given and take  Builds community
format) – Style of leadership in which
leaders promote compliance by Sun Tzu- “If you know the enemy and know
followers through both rewards and yourself, you need not fear the result of a
punishments. hundred battles”. The art of war written 250
 Contingency leadership- years ago.
Contingency theory in general state
Grit- The capacity to dig deep and do
that the effectiveness of leadership
whatever it takes- even sacrifice, struggle
depends upon the situation, and
and suffer- to achieve your most worthy
there are numerous factors, such as
goals in the best ways.
the nature of the task, leaders
personality, and make up of the 4 Dimension of Grit
group being led.
 Transformational leadership- A 1.Growth- Your prosperity to seek and
leaders works with subordinates to consider new ideas, additional alternatives,
identity needed change, creating a different approaches, and fresh perspective.
vision to guide the change through
2.Resilience- Capacity to constructively and
inspiration, and executing the change
ideally make good use of all kinds of
in tandem with committed members
adversity.
of the group.
3.Instinct- Your gut level capacity to pursue
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
the right goals in the best and smartest ways.
 Robert Greenleaf- Originated this
4.Tenacity- The degree to which you persist,
model and he concluded that it’s
commit to, sick with, and relentlessly go after
central meaning was that the great
whatever you choose to achieve.
leader is first experienced as a
servant to others, and that is simple 2 bonus factors namely
fact is central to the leaders
greatness. 1.Robustness- How well you hold up the
degree to which you are worn down or
“It begins with the natural feeling of become stronger over time.
wanting to serve: to serve first”

 Ten traits of servant leadership

2.Quality- When you consistently and reliably  Role Repudiation- Adolescents are
demonstrate your fullest, “goodest”, unable to integrate different self
smartest, and strongest GRIT to achieve your images and values into their identity.
most worthy goals.  Difference- A form of rebellion
against the authority like their
4 capacities of GRIT parents.
1.Emotional- Your emotional capacity to POSITIVE TRAITS OF
commit and to remain strong, determined, PARENTAL/ FAMILY CARE
engaged, and unwavering in pursuit of your 1.Parents who are positive behavioural
goals. models are transmitters of values.
2.Mental- Your mental capacity to focus 2.Parents who provide emotional and
intently, even struggle over long periods of psychological support and encouragement.
time.
3. Parents who monitor their children but still
3.Physical- Capacity to dig deeps, suffer, promote autonomy and independence.
endure, withstand pain, and persevere in
pursuit your goals. 4.Parents who enable and nurture open
communication among members of the
4.Spiritual- Capacity to suffer well, to family.
maintain your faith and belief, to remain
centered and clear, and to transcend any NEGATIVE TRAITS
frustrations in pursuit your goals.
1.Parents who engage in substance abuse,
LESSON 11: Family Structures and violence and inability to resolve conflicts.

Legacies 2.Parents who maltreat their children

whether emotionally or physically.
 Transaction- The unit of social
intercourse 3.Parents who lack attachment to their
 Transactional Stimulus- If two or children.
more people encounter each other.
4.Parents who lack in monitoring their
Sooner or later one of them will
children’s behaviour and well-being.
speak or give some indication of
acknowledging the presence of ACC. to Diana Baumrind, there are 4
other. parenting styles that influence children’s
 Transactional Response- When development:
another person will then say or do
1.Authoritative- strict imo parents but gin
something which is in some ay
say sa imo kong anu ang reason why they
related to the stimulus.
were strict when it comes to your gala for
 Identity Confusion- The lack of
example.
intimacy, sense of time urgency, lack
of concentration and rejection of
family or community standards.
2.Authoritarian- strict sila sa imo but they
don’t give the reason why you can’t go gala
with your friends just like the Authoritative.

3.Permissive- gina pabay an kalng like mag

ask ka na ma gala ka then they just say
“cghee goo lng” and muni mga gus2 ta today
when we ask for gala.

4.Neglectful- napabay an kalang like wala gd

labot sa imo. For example you have a single
mother, gina pa bugal yapa ang iya gala
rather than your achievements.

Genogram- A graphical representation of

family relationships. It detailed and
exhaustive.

THE FF. ARE SOME WAYS OF IMPROVING

FAMILY RELATIONS:

 Communication is an important
component of any relationship.
 Learn to appreciate
 Sharing activities
 Commitment to the family
 Show support to each other
 Acceptance