Important Questions for class 8

Mathematics
Chapter 9 – Algebraic Expressions and Identities

Very Short Answer Questions 1 Mark

1. Identify the coefficient of x in the expression

(a) 1
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) None of these

Ans: Given the term x

We need to find the coefficient of the given expression.

We know that coefficient is the number before any variable.

So, the expression x can be written as 1 x .

So, the coefficient will be 1.

2. The expression for sum of numbers p and q subtracted from their product
is

(a) p  q  pq
(b) pq  p  q

Class VIII Mathematics www.vedantu.com 1

 (c) pq  ( p  q)
(d) pq  p  q

Ans: From the question, we have the variables given as p, q

To find: the expression for sum of numbers p and q subtracted from their product

The product of the numbers will be

 pq
 pq

Sum of numbers will be p  q

Therefore, the required answer will be pq  ( p  q)

3. Sum of ab, a  b, and b  ab is

(a) 2ab  2a  b
(b) 2ab  2b
(c) 2ab  a  b
(d) 2ab  a  2b

Ans: Given: ab, a  b, b  ab

We need to find the sum of the given terms.

Therefore, the sum will be

ab  a  b  b  ab
 2ab  a  2b

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4. The value of expression 5x2  2 when x  3 is

(a) 12
(b) 8
(c) 43
(d) 36

Ans: Given: 5x2  2 , x  3

We need to find the value of 5x2  2 at x  3

We will put 3 in place of x in the expression 5x2  2

Therefore, the value of the expression will be

5x2  2
 5(3) 2  2
 5(3)  2
 45  2
 43

5. On simplifying the result is (a  b  2)  (b  a  2)  (a  b  2)

(a) a  b  2
(b) a  b  2
(c) 3a  b  2
(d) 3a  b  2

Ans: Given: (a  b  2)  (b  a  2)  (a  b  2)

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We need to simplify the given expression.

So, the expression will be simplified as

(a  b  2)  (b  a  2)  (a  b  2)
 ab2ba2 ab 2
 3a  b  2

6. What is the statement for the expression 2( y  9)

(a) 2y subtracted from 9

(b) 9 subtracted from y and multiplied by 2
(c) 9 subtracted from 9
(d) Three of y minus 9

Ans: Given expression as 2( y  9)

We need to find the statement of the given expression.

We can write the expression as 9 subtracted from y and multiplied by 2 .

7. The factors of 7a2  14a is

(a) 7(a  2)
(b) 21a
(c) 7(a  1)
(d) 7a(a  2)

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Ans: Given expression as 7a2  14a

We need to factorize the given expression

The factors of 7a2  14a will be

7a2  14a

Take 7a as a common factor, we get

7a(a  2)

Therefore, these will be the factors of given expression.

Short Answer Questions 2 Marks

8. The volume of a rectangular box where length, breadth and height is 2a, 4b, 8c
respectively.

Ans: Given: length, l  2a

Breadth, b  4b

Height, h  8c

We need to find the volume of the rectangular box with given dimensions.

We know, Volume of a cuboid  l  b  h

Therefore, the volume of the rectangular box will be

 2a  4b  8c
 64abc

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9. Simplify ( p  q 2 )( p 2  q)

Ans: Given: ( p  q 2 )( p 2  q)

We need to simplify the given expression.

We will simply open the brackets by multiplying the terms in it.

Therefore, the expression will become

 p  q  p  q 
2 2

 p  p  q  q  p
2 2 2
 q
 p 3  pq  q 2 p 2  q 3

10. If pq  3 and p  q  6, then ( p 2  q 2 ) is

Ans: Given: pq  3 , p  q  6,

We need to find ( p 2  q 2 )

We know that,

( p  q) 2  p 2  q 2  2 pq
p 2
 q 2   ( p  q)2  2 pq

Substituting the values, pq  3 , p  q  6, in above equation we get

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p 2
 q2 
 (6) 2  2(3)
 36  6
 30

11. Simplify x(2 x  1)  5 and find its value at x  3

Ans: Given: x(2 x  1)  5

We need to find the value of the given expression at x  3

We will substitute x  3 in given expression. Therefore, the expression after

simplifying will be

2(3) 2  (3)  5
 2(9)  3  5
 18  8
 26

Short Answer Questions 3 Marks

2

12. Find the value of  x  y   2 xy

2 3
3 2 

Ans: Given:  x  y   2 xy
2 3
3 2 

We need to find the value of the given expression

We know that, (a  b)2  a2  b2  2ab

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Therefore, using the formula, the value of the expression will be

2 2
2 3 2 3
   x 2    y 2  2   x   y  2 xy
3 2 3 2
4 9
 x 2  y 2  2 xy  2 xy
9 4
4 9
 x2  y 2
9 4

13. Find (m  n)(m  n)  m 2  n 2  m 4  n 4 

Ans: Given: (m  n)(m  n)  m 2  n 2  m 4  n 4 

We need to simplify the given expression.

We will use the formula, (a  b)(a  b)  a2  b2

Simplifying, the expression, we get

(m  n)(m  n)  m 2  n 2  m 4  n 4 
  m 2  n 2  m 2  n 2  m 4  n 4 

  m 2    n 2    m4  n4 
2 2

 
  m 4  n 4   m 4  n 4 
 m8  n 8

14. From the sum of 3a  b  9 and b  9 , subtract 3a  b  9

Ans: Given: expressions 3a  b  9 , b  9 , 3a  b  9

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We need to subtract 3a  b  9 from the sum of 3a  b  9 and b  9

The sum of the first two terms, b  9 and 3a  b  9 will be

3a  b  9  (b  9)
 3a  b  9  b  9
 3a  2b

Now subtract 3a  b  9 from 3a  2b , we get

3a  2b  (3a  b  9)
 3a  2b  3a  b  9
 b  9

15. Find 194  206 using suitable identity

Ans: Given: 194  206

We need to find the value of the given expression using an identity.

We can write,

194  (200  6)
206  (200  6)

Using identity, (a  b)(a  b)  a2  b2 , the given expression can be solved as

(200  6)(200  6)
 (200) 2  (6) 2
 40000  36
 39964

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16. If x   9, find the value of  x 2  2  .
1 1
x  x 

1
Ans: Given: x   9
x

To find:  x 2  2 
1
 x 

1
Let x   9 ..............(1)
x

Square both sides, we get

 2 1 
 x  2   (9)
2

 x 
 2 1 
 x  2   81
 x 

Now, we know that (a  b)2  a2  b2  2ab

So,

2 2
 1 1 1
 x    x     2x 
2

 x x x
2
 1 1
x   x  2 2
2

 x x
1
81  x 2  2  2
x
1
x 2  2  81  2
x
1
x 2  2  79
x

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17. Simplify  x 2  3x  2  (5 x  2)   3x 2  4 x  5  (2 x  1)

Ans: Given:  x 2  3x  2  (5 x  2)   3x 2  4 x  5  (2 x  1)

We need to simplify the given expression.

First simplify,  x 2  3x  2  (5 x  2), we get

x 2
 3x  2  (5 x  2)
 5 x3  15 x 2  10 x  2 x 2  6 x  4
 5 x3  17 x 2  16 x  4 ...................(1)

Now simplify,  3x 2  4 x  5  (2 x  1) , we get

 3x 2
 4 x  5  (2 x  1)
 6 x3  8 x 2  10 x  3 x 2  4 x  5
 6 x3  5 x 2  14 x  5 ..................(2)

Subtract (1)  (2) to get the required result. We get,

x 2
 3x  2  (5 x  2)   3x 2  4 x  5  (2 x  1)
 5 x3  17 x 2  16 x  4  6 x 3  5 x 2  14 x  5
 5 x3  17 x 2  16 x  4  6 x 3  5 x 2  14 x  5
  x3  22 x 2  30 x  9

18. Find the following product (a  3b)(a  3b)  a 2  9b 2 

Ans: Given: (a  3b)(a  3b)  a 2  9b 2 

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We need to find the product of the given expression.

We know that, (a  b)(a  b)  a2  b2

Solving the given expression using the identity, we will get

(a  3b)(a  3b)  a 2  9b 2 
 (a ) 2  (3b) 2   a 2  9b 2 
  a 2  9b 2  a 2  9b 2 

  a 2    9b 2 
2 2

 a 4  81b 4

Long Answer Questions 5 Marks

19. Find (3st  4t )2  (3st  4t )2

Ans: Given: (3st  4t )2  (3st  4t )2

We need to simplify the given expression.

We know that,

(a  b) 2  a 2  b 2  2ab
 (3st  4t ) 2  (3st ) 2  (4t ) 2  2(3st )(4t )
 9 s 2 t 2  16t 2  24 st 2 .................(1)

We also know that,

(a  b) 2  a 2  b 2  2ab
 (3st  4t ) 2  (3st ) 2  (4t ) 2  2(3st )(4t )
(3st  4t ) 2  9s 2 t 2  16t 2  24st 2 ............(2)

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Therefore, using equations (1) and (2) , the given expression will become

 9 s 2 t 2  16t 2  24st 2  9s 2 t 2  16t 2  24st 2 

 9 s 2 t 2  16t 2  24st 2  9s 2 t 2  16t 2  24st 2
 48st 2

20. The area of a rectangle is ‘uv’ where ‘u’ is length and ‘v’ is breadth. If the
length of rectangle is increased by 5 units and breadth is decreased by 3 units. .
The new area of rectangle is?

Ans: Given the area of old rectangle  uv

Length of old rectangle  u

Breadth of old rectangle  v

Length of new rectangle  u  5

Breadth of new rectangle  v  3

We need to find the area of the new rectangle.

We know that, Area of rectangle  length  breadth

Therefore, the area of the new rectangle will be

 (u  5)(v  3)
 uv  3u  5v  15

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21. If  x 2  2   27 , find x 
1 1
 x  x

Ans: Given:  x 2  2   27
1
 x 

1
We need to find x
x
Use identity, (a  b)2  a2  b2  2ab

1
Substitute, a  x, b  , we get
x

2
 1 1 1
 x    x  2  2x 
2

 x x x
2
 1 1
  x    x2  2  2
 x x

We know that,  x 2  2   27 , therefore,

1
 x 

2
 1
  x    27  2
 x
2
 1
  x    25
 x
 1
  x    25
 x
 1
x  5
 x

2.3  2.3  0.3  0.3

22. Simplify using identity,
2.3  2.3  2  2.3  0.3  0.3  0.3

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 2.3  2.3  0.3  0.3
Ans: Given:
2.3  2.3  2  2.3  0.3  0.3  0.3

We need to simplify the given expression using an identity.

Identity used:

1. a 2  b 2  (a  b)(a  b)
2. (a  b) 2  a 2  b 2  2ab

Using these identities, the given expression can be written as:

2.3  2.3  0.3  0.3


2.3  2.3  2  2.3  0.3  0.3  0.3
(2.3) 2  (0.3) 2

(2.3) 2  2(2.3)(0.3)  (0.3) 2
(2.3  0.3)(2.3  0.3)

(2.3  0.3) 2
(2.3  0.3)

(2.3  0.3)
2.6

2
 1.3

23. The sum of  x  3 observations is ( x4  81). Find the mean of the

observations.

Ans: Given:

Number of observations   x  3

Sum of observations  ( x4  81)

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 Sum of all observations
We know that Mean=
Number of observations

Therefore, mean of the observations will be


x 4
 81
( x  3)
x 4  34

x3


 x   3 
2 2 2 2

( x  3)

We know that, a2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)


x 2
 32  x 2  32 
( x  3)


x 2
 32  ( x  3)( x  3)
( x  3)
  x 2  9  ( x  3)
 x3  9 x  3x 2  27
 x3  3 x 2  9 x  27

24. Abhishek is 6 years older than Jagadish. Six years ago Abhishek was twice
as old as Jagadish. Write down the situation in algebraic expression and find
how old is each now?

Ans: Given: Abhishek is 6 years older than Jagadish. Six years ago Abhishek was
twice as old as Jagadish.

We need to write the algebraic expression and find age of both.

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Let, Jagadish present age  x

Abhishek is 6 years older than Jagadish.

Therefore, age of Abhishek  x  6

Jagadish age 6 years ago  x  6

Age of Abhishek 6 years ago =  ( x  6)  6

According to question, Six years ago Abhishek was twice as old as Jagadish. So,

( x  6)  6  2( x  6)
 x  6  6  2 x  12
  x  12
 x  12

We can conclude that Jagadish present age  12 years

Abhishek present age will be

 x6
 18 years

25. Rohit mother gave him Rs. 4xy 2 and his father gave him Rs. (5xy 2  3) . Out
of this total money he spent Rs. (10  3xy 2 ) on his birthday party. How much
money is left with him?

Ans: Given: Amount given to Rohit by his mother  4xy 2

Amount given to Rohit by his father  (5 xy 2  3)

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Amount spent by Rohit  (10  3xy 2 )

We need to find how much money is left with him.

Total Amount Received by Rohit is,

 4 xy 2  (5 xy 2  3)
 9 xy 2  3

Amount spent by Rohit is

 (10  3xy 2 )

Therefore, Amount left with him will be

  9 xy 2  3  10  3 xy 2 
 9 xy 2  3  10  3 xy 2
 12 xy 2  7

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